Andorra
 

c.1806 - 1866

Adopted 1866            (officially from 20 Jun 1996)

1866 - 1931 French version

Map of Andorra Hear National Anthem "El Gran Carelmany" (The Great Charlemagne) Text of National Anthem  Adopted 8 Sep 1914 Constitution  (4 May 1993) ----------------------- Plan of Reform (31 May 1866-4 May 1993) Capital: Andorra la Vella Currency: Euro (EUR) ; to 1 Jan 2002 French Franc  (FRF) and  Spanish Peseta  (ESP) National Holiday:  8 Sep (1278) Our Lady of Meritxell Day Population: 71,822 (2007) GDP: $1.84 billion (2004) Exports: $145 million (2004) Imports: $1.077 billion (1998) Ethnic groups: Spanish 40.6%, Andorran 36%, Portuguese 10.2%, French 6.5%, British 1.4%,  Moroccan 0.7%, German 0.5%, other 4.1% (2000) Total Police Force: 50 (2002) Defense is the Responsibility of France and Spain Merchant marine: None (2006) Religions: Roman Catholic 89.1%, other Christian 4.3%, Muslim 0.6%, Hindu 0.5%, non-religious 5%,  other 0.5% (2000) International Organizations/Treaties: APM, CE, CTBT, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, LU, NPT, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, SEGIB, UN, UNESCO, UNFCC (observer), UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer) Andorra Chronology 803                        Part of the Kingdom of the Franks. 988                        Territory donated to the Bishop of Urgel as a                               feudal domain by the Frankish king.  8 Sep 1278                Principality of Andorra independent, sovereignty                               shared between the Count of Foix (and later                              Kings of Navarre) and the Bishop of Urgel (in                               Aragon, later Spain)(Les Valls i Suzeranitats                              d'Andorra)(confirmed 6 Dec 1288).  1396 - 1396                Occupied by Aragón. 1512 - 1513                Occupied by Aragón.  2 Aug 1589                The County of Foix and Kingdom of Navarre become                              part of the French crown lands; the title of                               Andorran Coprince held by the head of state                              of France from this period. 1793 - 27 Mar 1806         France renounces position of Coprince. 26 Jan 1812 -  1 Dec 1813  Annexed by France (part of département                              of Sègre [from 7 Mar 1813 Sègre-Ter] département                              see under Catalonia; the Catalan valley of                               Aran is attached to the département of                              Haute-Garonne) -the Val d'Aran is returned to                              to Spain in Mar 1815. 30 May 1814                Independence confirmed by Treaty of Paris. 18 Aug 1933 -  8 Oct 1933  Occupied by French gendarmes, ending republican                              agitation.  7 Jul 1934 - 20 Jul 1934  Adventurer Boris Skossyreff (Skosyrev)(b. 1896? -                              d. 1944?) proclaims himself sovereign prince of                              Andorra and regent for the (absent) king of                              France (príncep de les Valls d'Andorra i                              iloctinent de Sa Majestat el rei de França),                              while in Barcelona and Urgel exile. 16 Jun 1940 - 14 Sep 1944  French Veguer loyal to Vichy France (from                              14 Sep 1944, Free French). 28 Apr 1993                Principality of Andorra

Coprinces¹
 8 Sep 1278 - 30 Jan 1483  the counts of Foix
30 Jan 1483 -  2 Aug 1589  the kings of Navarre
 2 Aug 1589 - 1793         the heads of state of France
1793 - 27 Mar 1806         Vacant
27 Mar 1806 -              the heads of state of France
French Veguers
14 Oct 1788 - 1791         Josep Bonifaci Goma Montou
1791 - 1806                Vacant
15 Oct 1806 - 1820         Josep Pilhes
22 Sep 1820 - 1835         Pere Baptista Roc Roussillon
18 Jan 1835 - 1867         Lucien de Saint André              (b. 1797 - d. 18..)
24 Oct 1867 - 1880         Henri, vicomte de Foix
22 Feb 1880 - 1882         Tibul Ladeveze (1st time)
22 Jan 1882 - 1882         Mancini 
23 Feb 1882                Tibul Ladeveze (2nd time)
 3 Jul 1882 - 1886         Bonaventure Vigo
 7 Jun 1886 - 1887         Jacques Manuel Varenne
15 Mar 1887 - 1933         Charles Romeu
12 Mar 1933 - 1937         Henri Samalens (or Samarons)
30 Nov 1937 - 1940         Jean Baptiste Laumond
 2 Dec 1940 - 1944         Emilien Lasmartes
14 Sep 1944 - 1945         Robert Baran
 5 May 1945 - 1947         Georges Degrand
23 Aug 1947 - 1952         André Bertrand 
21 Jun 1952 - 1956         Guiu Menant
20 Jun 1956 - 1958         Yves Michel
21 Nov 1958 - 1961         Jean Lafon de Lageneste
27 Jul 1961 - 1964         Etienne Vaysset
12 Aug 1964 - 1970         Roger Vincenot
24 Sep 1970 - 1972         Hubert Dubois
11 Dec 1972 - 1977         Clause-François Rostain
21 Jun 1977 - 1980         André Prunet-Foch
29 Aug 1980 - 1982         René Lalouette
18 Feb 1982 - 1984         Henri Benoît de Cognac
1984 - 1989                Louis Deblé
1990 - 1993                Jean-Pierre Courtois
Personal Representatives of the French Coprince
13 Sep 1993 - Feb 1997     Jean-Yves Caullet                  (b. 1957)
17 Feb 1997 - May 1999     Pierre de Bousquet de Florian      (b. 1954)
25 May 1999 - Jul 2002     Frédéric Marie Joseph Bruno de     (b. 1958)
                             Laparre de Saint-Sernin
26 Jul 2002 -              Philippe Massoni                   (b. 1936)

Coprinces (Bishops of Urgel¹)
 8 Sep 1278 - 1293         Pedro de Urgio                     (d. 1293)
19 Dec 1295 -  3 Nov 1308  Guillem de Moncada (Montechateno)  (d. 1308)
29 Jul 1309 - 12 May 1326  Ramón Trebaylla                    (d. 1326)
27 Jun 1326 -  2 Oct 1341  Arnau de Llordá                    (d. 1341)
17 Dec 1341 - 1347         Pere de Narbona
13 Jun 1348 - 1351         Niccoló Capocci                    (d. 1368)
25 Oct 1351 - 20 Feb 1361  Hug Desbac                         (d. 1361)
12 Jan 1362 - 1364         Guillem Arnau de Patau             (d. 1364)
10 Feb 1365 - 1370         Pero de Luna                       (d. 1370)
20 Sep 1370 - 1387         Berenguer d'Erill                  (d. 1387)
11 Mar 1388 - 15 Apr 1415  Galcerán de Villanova              (d. 1415)
15 Nov 1415 - 14 Apr 1436  Francesc de Tovia                  (d. 1436)
19 Jul 1437 - 16 Aug 1461  Arnau Roderic de Pallars           (d. 1461)
29 Sep 1461 -  1 Dec 1466  Jaume Folc de Cardona              (d. 1466)
27 Nov 1467 - 1472         Rodrigo de Borja                   (b. 1431 - d. 1503)
11 Dec 1472 - Mar 1515     Pere Folc de Cardona               (d. 1530)
18 Apr 1515 - 24 Oct 1530  Joan d'Espés                       (d. 1530)
24 Oct 1530 - 15 May 1532  Vacant
15 May 1532 - 10 Jan 1533  Pere Jordan de Urries              (d. 1533)
 8 Jun 1534 - 26 Oct 1551  Francesc Jordan de Urries          (d. 1551) 
Oct 1551 - 1552            Joan Punyet 
22 Oct 1552 - 1556         Miquel Despuig                     (d. 1559)
24 Jun 1556 - 23 Sep 1560  Joan Pérez García de Olivan        (d. 1560)
 8 Aug 1561 -  1 Feb 1571  Pere de Castellet                  (d. 1571)
 9 Jun 1572 -  6 Sep 1576  Joan Dimas Lloris                  (d. 1598)
 6 Sep 1676 - 21 Feb 1578  Vacant
21 Feb 1577 - 23 Aug 1579  Miquel Jeroni Morell               (d. 1579)
 9 May 1580 -  8 Dec 1586  Hug Ambrós de Moncada              (d. 1586) 
 8 Dec 1586 - 29 Jan 1588  Vacant
29 Jan 1588 - 22 Sep 1609  Andreu Capella                     (b. 1529 - d. 1609)
26 May 1610 - 24 Feb 1620  Bernat de Salvá                    (b. 1553 - d. 1620) 
24 Feb 1620 -  8 Aug 1622  Vacant
 2 Aug 1622 -  3 Jan 1627  Lluis Diez Aux de Armendáriz       (b. 1571 - d. 1627)
17 May 1627 - 21 Feb 1632  Antoni Pérez                       (b. 1563 - d. 1637)
21 Feb 1632 -  9 Jan 1634  Vacant
 9 Jan 1634 - 18 Feb 1651  Pau Duran                          (d. 1651)
18 Feb 1651 - 25 Oct 1655  Vacant
25 Oct 1655 - Jan 1663     Joan Manuel de Espinosa            (d. 1679) 
23 Jun 1664 - 29 Apr 1670  Melcior Palau                      (d. 1670)
22 Dec 1671 - 16 Mar 1681  Pere de Copons                     (b. 1620 - d. 1681)
16 Feb 1682 - 16 Aug 1688  Joan Baptista Desbac i Mortorell   (b. 1617 - d. 1688)
23 May 1689 - 19 Oct 1694  Oleguer de Montserat               (b. 1618 - d. 1694)
 4 Jul 1695 - 17 Jan 1714  Julià Cano i Thebar                (b. 1646 - d. 1719)
17 Sep 1714 - 27 Aug 1737  Simeó de Guinda y Apéztegui        (b. 1669 - d. 1737)
 5 May 1738 - 12 May 1747  Jordi Curado y Torreblanca         (b. 1682 - d. 1749)
15 May 1747 -  2 Oct 1756  Sebastià Josep de Victoria de      (b. 1683 - d. 1756)
                             Emparán y de Loyola 
 6 May 1757 -  8 Sep 1762  Francesc Josep Catalán de Ocón     (b. 1701 - d. 1762)
10 May 1763 - 22 Apr 1771  Francesc Fernández de Xátiva y     (b. 1704 - d. 1771)
                             Contreras 
 7 Jan 1772 - 15 May 1779  Joaquín de Santiyán y Valdivielso  (b. 1733 - d. 1783)
27 Nov 1780 - 23 May 1783  Joan de García y Montenegro        (b. 1716 - d. 1783)
31 Mar 1785 -  8 Dec 1795  Josep de Boltas                    (b. 1738 - d. 1795)
29 Oct 1797 - 23 Sep 1816  Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y      (b. 1753 - d. 1821)
                             Cisneros 
28 Jul 1817 - 27 Sep 1824  Bernat Francés y Caballero         (b. 1774 - d. 1843)
20 Dec 1824 - 22 May 1827  Isidor Bonifaci López y Pulido     (b. 1774 - d. 1827)
 4 Nov 1828 - 22 Aug 1851  Simó Rojas de Guardiola i          (b. 1773 - d. 1851)
                             Hortoneda
10 Mar 1853 - 26 Aug 1879  Josep Caixal i Estradé             (b. 1803 - d. 1879)
26 Aug 1879 - 24 Sep 1901  Salvador Casañas i Pagès           (b. 1834 - d. 1908)
                             (apostolic administrator acting to
                             22 Sep 1879 and from 27 Jul 1901)
24 Sep 1901 - 27 Dec 1901  Ramon Riu i Cabanes                (b. 1853 - d. 1901)
 2 Jan 1902 - 10 Sep 1902  Toribio Martín (acting)            (b. 1874 - d. 19..)
                             (apostolic vicar)
10 Sep 1902 -  6 Dec 1906  Joan Josep Laguarda i Fenollera    (b. 1866 - d. 1913)
30 Apr 1907 - 11 Jul 1907  Josep Pujargimzú (acting)
                             (apostolic vicar)
11 Jul 1907 -  7 Jan 1919  Joan Baptista Benlloch i Vivó      (b. 1864 - d. 1926)
 2 Jul 1919 -  1 Jun 1920  Jaume Viladrich i Gaspa (acting)   (b. 1865 - d. 1926)
                             (apostolic vicar)
 1 Jun 1920 - 31 Jan 1940  Justí Guitart i Vilardebò          (b. 1875 - d. 1940)
 2 Feb 1940 - 15 Apr 1943  Ricard Fornesa i Puigdemasa
                             (acting)(apostolic vicar)
15 Apr 1943 - 19 Jun 1969  Ramon Iglésias Navarri             (b. 1889 - d. 1972)
19 Jun 1969 - 31 Jan 1971  Ramon Malla Call (acting)          (b. 1922)
                             (apostolic administrator)
31 Jan 1971 - 12 May 2003  Joan Martí Alanis                  (b. 1928)
12 May 2003 -              Joan Enric Vives i Sicília         (b. 1949)
Episcopal Veguers
1602 - 16..                Isidoro d'Aguilar
1664 - ....                Armanter Aguilar
15 Sep 1763 - 17..         Guillem Moles i Torres
1777 - 17..                Guillem Areny i Montargull
Oct 1788 - 178.            Josep Bonifaci Gomà Montou
1789 - ....                Mateu Moles
1845 - 1858                Bonaventura Riba
1858 - 18..                Guillem Torres
18.. - 18..                Manuel Amalot
c.1864 - 18..              Antoni Rossell
 9 Aug 1868 - 1881         Pere Dalleres
22 Jan 1881 - 1881         Pere Canturri
 1 Jul 1881 - 1882         Josep Oriol Dodero
27 Jul 1882 - 1885         Francesc Pallerola (1st time)
16 Apr 1885 - 1886         Antoni Cerqueda
 8 Nov 1886 - 1915         Francesc Pallerola (2nd time)
17 May 1915 - 1933         Joseph de Riba
 3 Jul 1933 - 1934         Enric de Llorens
 3 Feb 1934 - 1936         Jaume Sansa (1st time)
1936 - 1937                Francesc Cairat (acting)
1937 - 1972                Jaume Sansa (2nd time)
19 Apr 1972 - 1993         Francesc Badia
1993 - 24 Feb 1994         Nemesi Marquès Oste                (b. 1935)
Personal Representative of the Episcopal Coprince
24 Feb 1994 -              Nemesi Marquès Oste                (s.a.)
 

First Syndics
1841 - 1847                Josep Picart
1847 - 1858                Bonaventura Riba (acting)
1858 - 1861                Gil Areny
1861 - 1865                Francesc Duran (1st time)
1865 - 1866                Joaquim de Riba
1866 - 1868                Guillem Areny de Plandolit
1868 - 1875                Nicolau Duedra
1875 - 1878                Guillem Mora
1878 - 1880                Bonaventura Moles
1880 - 1881                Joan Pla Calvo
1881                       Josep Palmitjavila (1st time)
1881 - 1883                Francesc Duran (1st time)
1884 - 1885                Josep Palmitjavila (2nd time)
1886                       Francesc Duran (2nd time)
1886 - 1888                Francesc Maestre
1888 - 1897                Antoni Moles
                           - jointly with following -
1893 - 1898                Bonaventura Maestre (1st time)
1899 - 1901                Josep Calva
1902 - 1905                Bonaventura Maestre (2nd time)
1906 - 1911                Pere Moles
1911 - 1912                Bonaventura Maestre (3rd time)
1912 - 1915                Bonaventura Moles
1915 - 1917                Pere Font (1st time)
1918 - 1920                Josep Vilanova
1920                       Josep Grepa (acting)
1920 - 1923                Bonaventura Villarubia
1924 - 1927                Pere Font (2nd time)
1928 - 19 Aug 1933         Roc Pallares
                             (in Barcelona, Spain exile to 18 Sep 1933)
19 Aug 1933 - 18 Sep 1933  Vacant
18 Sep 1933 - 1936         Pere Torres
1936 - 1937                Francesc Molné
1937 - 31 Dec 1960         Francesc Cairat Freixes            (b. 1880? - d. 19..)
31 Dec 1960 - Dec 1966     Julià Reig-Ribó (1st time)         (b. 1911 - d. 1996)
Dec 1966 - Dec 1972        Francesc Escudé Ferrero            (d. 1996)
Dec 1972 - 29 Dec 1978     Julià Reig-Ribó (2nd time)         (s.a.)
29 Dec 1978 -  4 Jan 1982  Estanislau Sangrà Font             (b. 1946)
 4 Jan 1982 - 12 Jan 1990  Francesc Cerqueda Pascuet          (b. 1942)            UL
12 Jan 1990 - 15 Feb 1991  Josep Maria Beal Benedico                               PSD
15 Feb 1991 - 12 Apr 1992  Albert Gelabert                                         PLA
12 Apr 1992 -  4 May 1993  Jordi Farrás Forné                                      PD
General Syndics
 4 May 1993 - 19 Jan 1994  Jordi Farrás Forné                                      PD
19 Jan 1994 - 10 Mar 1997  Josep Dallerès Codina              (b. 1949)            PSD
10 Mar 1997 - 17 May 2005  Francesc Areny Casal               (b. 1959)            PLA
17 May 2005 -              Joan Gabriel Estany                (b. 1963)            PLA

Heads of the Government
 8 Jan 1982 - 21 May 1984  Òscar Ribas Reig (1st time)        (b. 1936)            PNL
21 May 1984 - 12 Jan 1990  Josep Pintat-Solans                (b. 1925)            PC
12 Jan 1990 -  7 Dec 1994  Òscar Ribas Reig (2nd time)        (s.a.)               PNL
 7 Dec 1994 - 27 May 2005  Marc Forné Molné                   (b. 1946)            PLA
27 May 2005 -              Albert Pintat Santolària           (b. 1943)            PLA
 

French Commanding Officer 
18 Aug 1933 -  1 Oct 1933  René Baulard

             Flag of Boris I, 1934

 ¹Both Coprinces are represented in Andorra by veguers (vicars).

Party abbreviations: CDA = Centre Demòcrata Andorrà (Andorran Democratic Center Party, formerly PD); PLA = Partit Liberal Andorra (Liberal Party of Andorra, liberal); PSD = Partit Socialdemocrata (Social-Democratic Party);
- Former parties: AND = Agrupament Nacional Democràtic (National Democratic Group, liberal,
former grouping of PD and PSD); PC = Parti Conservateur (Conservative Party); PD = Partit Democrata (Democratic Party, later PLA ); PNL = Parti Nacional Liberale (National Liberal Party); UL = Uniò Liberal/Parti Liberal Andorra'(Liberal Union/Liberal Party of Andorra, conservative liberal, from 1992 PLA)

©2000  Ben Cahoon