Canadian Provinces
A-O
Party abbreviations: CPC = Conservative
Party of Canada/Parti Conservateur du Canada (conservative, est.2003);
Lib
= Liberal Party (liberal); NDP = New Democratic Party/Nouveau Parti Démocrate (social-democratic, est.1961); PC = Progressive Conservative
Party/Parti Progressiste-Conservateur (conservative, merged with Canadian Alliance 2003 as
CPC, provincial branches remain);
- Former parties: AC = Anti-Confederation (in Newfoundland, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, 1867-74);
CCF
= Co-operative Commonwealth Federation;
Cnf = Confederation Party; Con = Conservative Party;
Con-W
= Reform Party of Canada West; LC = Liberal Conservative Party; LCP = Liberal-Conservative-Progressive (Newfoundland conservative, 1924-32);
Lib-W
= Liberal Party of Canada West (Ontario); LP
= Liberal-Progressive
Party; LR = Liberal Reform; PP = People's Party; Ref = Reform Party/Parti Réformiste (populist, conservative, 1987-2000); Ref-W = Reform
Party of Canada West (Ontario); RPUC = Reform Party of Upper
Canada (Ontario);
SC
= Social Credit (populist, conservative, 1935-1993); UFA = United Farmers
of Alberta (agrarian, 1909-1939); UFO = United Farmers of Ontario (agrarian, 1914-1942); UNP = United
Newfoundland Party (conservative, 1932-34)
Alberta
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30
May 1907 - 1 Jun 1968 (in use to 1981)
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Adopted 1 Jun 1968
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Capital: Edmonton (Regina 1882-1905)
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Population: 3,193,700
(2004)
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19 Nov 1869
Part of the Northwest Territory of Canada.
8 May 1882
Alberta a separate district within Northwest Territories.
1 Sep 1905
Separate province.
Lieutenant governors
1 Sep 1905 - 20 Oct 1915 George Hedley Vicars Bulyea
(b. 1859 - d. 1928)
20 Oct 1915 - 29 Oct 1925 Robert George Brett
(b. 1851 - d. 1929)
29 Oct 1925 - 5 May 1931 William Egbert
(b. 1857 - d. 1936)
5 May 1931 - 1 Oct 1936 William Legh Walsh
(b. 1857 - d. 1938)
1 Oct 1936 - 17 Mar 1937 Philip Carteret Hill Primrose
(b. 1865 - d. 1937)
23 Mar 1937 - 1 Feb 1950 John Campbell Bowen
(b. 1872 - d. 1959)
1 Feb 1950 - 19 Dec 1959 John James Bowlen
(b. 1876 - d. 1960)
19 Dec 1959 - 6 Jan 1966 John Percy Page
(b. 1887 - d. 1973)
6 Jan 1966 - 2 Jul 1974 J.W. Grant MacEwan
(b. 1902 - d. 2000)
2 Jul 1974 - 18 Oct 1979 Ralph Garwin Steinhauer
(b. 1906 - d. 1987)
18 Oct 1979 - 22 Jan 1985 Frank Lynch-Staunton
(b. 1905 - d. 1990)
22 Jan 1985 - 11 Mar 1991 Helen Hunley (f)
(b. 1920)
11 Mar 1991 - 17 Apr 1996 Gordon Towers
(b. 1919 - d. 1999)
17 Apr 1996 - 10 Feb 2000 Bud Olson
(b. 1925 - d. 2002)
10 Feb 2000 - 6 Jan 2005 Lois E. Hole (f)
(b. 1933 - d. 2005)
20 Jan 2005 -
Normie Kwong
(b. 1929)
Premiers
2 Sep 1905 - 26 May 1910 Alexander Cameron Rutherford
(b. 1857 - d. 1941) Lib
26 May 1910 - 30 Oct 1917 Arthur Lewis Sifton
(b. 1858 - d. 1921) Lib
30 Oct 1917 - 13 Aug 1921 Charles Stewart
(b. 1868 - d. 1946) UFA
13 Aug 1921 - 23 Nov 1925 Herbert Greenfield
(b. 1865 - d. 1949) UFA
23 Nov 1925 - 10 Jul 1934 John Edward Brownlee
(b. 1884 - d. 1961) UFA
10 Jul 1934 - 3 Sep 1935 Richard Gavin Reid
(b. 1879 - d. 1980) UFA
3 Sep 1935 - 23 May 1943 William Aberhart
(b. 1878 - d. 1943) SC
31 May 1943 - 12 Dec 1968 Ernest Charles Manning
(b. 1908 - d. 1996) SC
12 Dec 1968 - 10 Sep 1971 Harry E. Strom
(b. 1914 - d. 1984) SC
10 Sep 1971 - 1 Nov 1985 Peter Lougheed
(b. 1928)
PC
1 Nov 1985 - 14 Dec 1992 Donald Getty
(b. 1933)
PC
14 Dec 1992 - 14 Dec 2006 Ralph Klein
(b. 1942)
PC
14 Dec 2006 -
Ed Stelmach
(b. 1951)
PC
British
Columbia
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![[British Columbia (Canada) 1870]](can_bc1.gif) -
9 Oct 1870 - 31 Mar 1906
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![[British Columbia (Canada) 1906]](ca_colu3.gif) -
31 Mar 1906 - c.1950
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![[British Columbia (Canada) c.1950]](ca_colu4.gif) -
c.1950 - 27 Jun 1960
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![[British Columbia (Canada)]](ca-bc.gif) -
Adopted 27 Jun 1960
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Capital: Victoria (New Westminster 14 Feb 1859-1868; Fort Langley 19 Nov 1858-14 Feb 1859; Fort Victoria 1843-1858)
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Population: 4,151,300 (2004)
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28 Aug 1792
Region explored by British Capt. George Vancouver.
1794
First settlement begun at Fort St. John.
15 Feb 1812
Oregon Territory claimed by U.S.
12 Dec 1813
District of Columbia claimed by Britain.
20 Oct 1818
Joint U.S.-British administration.
17 Jul 1846
Oregon territory south of 49° latitude ceded to U.S.,
north to Britain (including Vancouver & Queen Charlotte
islands).
2 Aug 1858
British Colombia colony on mainland organized
(name selected by Queen Victoria 24 Jul 1858).
19 Nov 1858
Crown colony (British Columbia).
Jul 1863
Stikine Territory and Queen Charlotte Islands incorporated into
British Colombia.
6 Aug 1866
Vancouver Island united with British Colombia.
25 Jul 1871
Province of Canada.
Governors
12 Dec 1813 - 4 Apr 1814 John McDonald of Garth
(b. c.1771 - d. 1866)
7 Apr 1814 - 22 May 1814 Donald McTavish
(b. 17.. - d. 1814)
22 May 1814 - 21 Mar 1821 James Keith (acting)
13 Aug 1813 - 1823
John Haldane
1823 - 1824
John Dugald Cameron
1824 - 19 Mar 1825
Alexander Kennedy
19 Mar 1825 - 22 Mar 1838 John McLoughlin (1st time)
(b. 1784 - d. 1857)
22 Mar 1838 - Oct 1839 Peter Skene Ogden
(b. 1790 - d. 1854)
+ James Douglas
(b. 1803 - d. 1877)
+ Samuel Black
(b. 1780 - d. 1841)
Oct 1839 - Jun 1845 John
McLoughlin (2nd time) (s.a.)
Chiefs of the Board of Management
Jun 1845 - Nov 1845 John
McLoughlin
(s.a.)
Nov 1845 - 4 Aug 1849 James Douglas
(s.a.)
Agent
4 Aug 1849 - 11 Mar 1850 James Douglas
(s.a.)
Lieutenant governors
11 Mar 1850 - 19 Nov 1858 Richard Blanshard
(b. 1817 - d. 1894)
19 Nov 1858 - 20 Apr 1864 Sir James Douglas
(s.a.)
20 Apr 1864 - 10 Jun 1869 Frederick Seymour
(b. 1820 - d. 1869)
10 Jun 1869 - 5 Jul 1871 Anthony Musgrave
(b. 1828 - d. 1888)
(acting to 23 Aug 1869)
5 Jul 1871 - 27 Jun 1876 Sir Joseph William Trutch
(b. 1826 - d. 1904)
27 Jun 1876 - 21 Jun 1881 Albert Norton Richards
(b. 1822 - d. 1897)
21 Jun 1881 - 8 Feb 1887 Clement Francis Cornwall
(b. 1836 - d. 1910)
8 Feb 1887 - 1 Nov 1892 Hugh Nelson
(b. 1830 - d. 1893)
1 Nov 1892 - 18 Nov 1897 Edgar Dewdney
(b. 1835 - d. 1916)
18 Nov 1897 - 21 Jun 1900 Thomas Robert McInnes
(b. 1840 - d. 1904)
21 Jun 1900 - 11 May 1906 Sir Henri Gustave Joly de
(b. 1829 - d. 1908)
Lotbinière
11 May 1906 - 3 Dec 1909 James Dunsmuir
(b. 1851 - d. 1920)
3 Dec 1909 - 5 Dec 1914 Thomas William Paterson
(b. 1852 - d. 1921)
5 Dec 1914 - 9 Dec 1919 Sir Frank Stillmann Barnard
(b. 1856 - d. 1936)
9 Dec 1919 - 12 Dec 1920 Edward Gawler Prior
(b. 1853 - d. 1920)
24 Dec 1920 - 21 Jan 1926 Walter Cameron Nichol
(b. 1866 - d. 1928)
21 Jan 1926 - 18 Jul 1931 Robert Randolph Bruce
(b. 1863 - d. 1942)
18 Jul 1931 - 1 May 1936 John William Fordham Johnson
(b. 1866 - d. 1938)
1 May 1936 - 29 Aug 1941 Eric Werge Hamber
(b. 1880 - d. 1960)
29 Aug 1941 - 1 Oct 1946 William Culham Woodward
(b. 1885 - d. 1957)
1 Oct 1946 - 1 Oct 1950 Charles Arthur Banks
(b. 1885 - d. 1962)
1 Oct 1950 - 3 Oct 1955 Clarence Wallace
(b. 1893 - d. 1984)
3 Oct 1955 - 12 Oct 1960 Frank Mackenzie Ross
(b. 1897 - d. 1971)
12 Oct 1960 - 2 Jul 1968 George Randolph Pearkes
(b. 1888 - d. 1984)
2 Jul 1968 - 13 Feb 1973 John Robert Nicholson
(b. 1901 - d. 1983)
13 Feb 1973 - 18 May 1978 Walter Stewart Owen
(b. 1904 - d. 1981)
18 May 1978 - 15 Jul 1983 Henry Pybus Bell-Irving
(b. 1913 - d. 2002)
15 Jul 1983 - 9 Sep 1988 Robert Gordon Rogers
(b. 1919)
9 Sep 1988 - 21 Apr 1995 David C. Lam
(b. 1923)
21 Apr 1995 - 25 Sep 2001 Garde Gardom
(b. 1924)
25 Sep 2001 - 1 Oct 1952 Iona Campagnolo (f)
(b. 1932)
1 Oct 2007 -
Steven Lewis Point
(b. 1952?)
Premiers
13 Nov 1871 - 23 Dec 1872 John Foster McCreight
(b. 1827 - d. 1913)
23 Dec 1872 - 11 Feb 1874 Amor De Cosmos
(b. 1825 - d. 1897)
(William Alexander Smith)
11 Feb 1874 - 1 Feb 1876 George Anthony Walkem (1st
time) (b. 1834 - d. 1908)
1 Feb 1876 - 25 Jun 1878 Andrew Charles Elliott
(b. 1828 - d. 1889)
25 Jun 1878 - 13 Jun 1882 George Anthony Walkem (2nd time)
(s.a.)
13 Jun 1882 - 29 Jan 1883 Robert Beaven
(b. 1836 - d. 1920)
29 Jan 1883 - 28 Mar 1887 William Smithe
(b. 1842 - d. 1887)
1 Apr 1887 - 1 Aug 1889 Alexander Edmund Batson
Davie (b. 1847 - d. 1889)
2 Aug 1889 - 29 Jun 1892 John Robson
(b. 1824 - d. 1892)
2 Jul 1892 - 4 Mar 1895 Theodore Davie
(b. 1852 - d. 1898)
4 Mar 1895 - 15 Aug 1898 John Herbert Turner
(b. 1834 - d. 1923)
15 Aug 1898 - 28 Feb 1900 Charles Augustus Semlin
(b. 1836 - d. 1927)
28 Feb 1900 - 15 Jun 1900 Joseph Martin
(b. 1852 - d. 1923)
15 Jun 1900 - 21 Nov 1902 James Dunsmuir
(s.a.)
21 Nov 1902 - 1 Jun 1903 Edward Gawler Prior
(s.a.)
1 Jun 1903 - 15 Dec 1915 Richard McBride
(b. 1870 - d. 1917) Con
(from 1912, Sir Richard McBride)
15 Dec 1915 - 23 Nov 1916 William John Bowser
(b. 1867 - d. 1933) Con
23 Nov 1916 - 1 Mar 1918 Harlan Carey Brewster
(b. 1870 - d. 1918) Lib
6 Mar 1918 - 17 Aug 1927 John Oliver
(b. 1856 - d. 1927) Lib
20 Aug 1927 - 21 Aug 1928 John Duncan MacLean
(b. 1873 - d. 1948) Lib
21 Aug 1928 - 15 Nov 1933 Simon Fraser Tolmie
(b. 1867 - d. 1937) Con
15 Nov 1933 - 9 Dec 1941 Thomas Dufferin "Duff" Pattullo
(b. 1873 - d. 1956) Lib
9 Dec 1941 - 29 Dec 1947 John Hart
(b. 1879 - d. 1958) Lib
29 Dec 1947 - 1 Aug 1952 Byron Ingemar Johnson
(b. 1890 - d. 1964) Lib
1 Aug 1952 - 15 Sep 1972 William Andrew Cecil Bennett
(b. 1900 - d. 1979) SC
15 Sep 1972 - 22 Dec 1975 David Barrett
(b. 1930)
NDP
22 Dec 1975 - 6 Aug 1986 William Richards Bennett
(b. 1932)
SC
6 Aug 1986 - 2 Apr 1991 William N. Vander Zalm
(b. 1934)
SC
2 Apr 1991 - 5 Nov 1991 Rita Johnston (f)
(b. 1935)
SC
5 Nov 1991 - 22 Feb 1996 Michael Harcourt
(b. 1943)
NDP
22 Feb 1996 - 25 Aug 1999 Glen Clark
(b. 1957)
NDP
25 Aug 1999 - 24 Feb 2000 Dan Miller
(b. 1944)
NDP
24 Feb 2000 - 5 Jun 2001 Ujjal Dosanjh
(b. 1947)
NDP
5 Jun 2001 -
Gordon Campbell
(b. 1948)
Lib
Stikine Territory
19 Jul 1862
Stikine (or Stickeen) Territory split from North-Western
Territory (extending northward from British Columbia to
62° North latitude).
Jul 1863
Divided between British Columbia and North-Western Territory
following the 60° North latitude.
Lieutenant governor
(also Lieutenant governor of British Columbia)
19 Jul 1862 - Jul 1863 Sir James Douglas
(s.a.)
Vancouver
Island
22 Dec 1865 - 6 Aug 1866
Capital: Victoria (Fort Victoria 1843-1862)
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Population: N/A
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26 Apr 1778
Vancouver Island claimed for Britain by Capt. James Cook.
14 Mar 1843
Settlement begun by the Hudson's Bay Company.
16 Jul 1849
British crown colony.
Sep 1852 - Jul 1863 Queen
Charlotte Islands a separate dependency of Vancouver.
6 Aug 1866
United with British Columbia (effective 19 Nov 1866).
Lieutenant governors
16 Jul 1849 - 1 Sep 1851 Richard Blanshard
(b. 1817 - d. 1894)
1 Sep 1851 - 25 Mar 1864 Sir James Douglas
(b. 1803 - d. 1877)
25 Mar 1864 - 6 Aug 1866 Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy
(b. 1810 - d. 1883)
Queen Charlotte Islands
Sep 1852
Queen Charlotte Islands a separate dependency
of Vancouver colony.
Jul 1863
Incorporated into British Columbia.
Lieutenant governor
(also Lieutenant governor of Vancouver Island)
Sep 1852 - Jul 1863 Sir
James Douglas
(s.a.)
Manitoba
1870 Metis Red River Flag
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15 Jul 1870 - 10 May 1905
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10 May 1905 - 12 May 1966
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Adopted 12 May 1966
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Capital: Winnipeg (Fort Garry 1822-1874)
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Population: 1,174,700 (2004)
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4 Sep 1812
Assiniboia (popularly called Red River Settlement) separated
from Rupert's Land.
4 May 1836
Re-incorporated into Rupert's Land (District of Assiniboia).
20 Oct 1869 - 15 Jul 1870 Red River Métis revolt (Provisional Government of Red River). 15 Jul 1870
Manitoba (province of Canada).
Governors
4 Sep 1812 - 16 Jun 1815 Miles Macdonnell
(b. 1769 - d. 1828)
Sep 1815 - 11 Jun 1816 Colin Robertson
(b. c.1779 - d. 1842)
11 Jun 1816 - 19 Jun 1816 Robert Semple
(b. 1766 - d. 1816)
19 Jun 1816 - Jun 1822 Alexander McDonell
(b. 17.. - d. 1823)
(acting to Aug 1817)
Jun 1822 - Jul 1823 Andrew
Bulger
(b. 1789 - d. 1858)
Jul 1823 - Jun 1825 Robert
Parker Pelly
(b. 1790 - d. 1825)
Jun 1825 - Jun 1833 Donald
Mackenzie
(b. 1783 - d. 1851)
Jun 1833 - 13 Jun 1839 Alexander Christie
(1st time) (b. 1760 - d. 1849)
13 Jun 1839 - 19 Jun 1844 Duncan Finlayson
(b. c.1796 - d. 1862)
19 Jun 1844 - 20 Sep 1848 Alexander Christie (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Jun 1846 - Jun 1847 John
Crofton
(b. 1800 - d. 1885)
(acting for Christie)
Jun 1847 - 20 Sep 1848 John T. Griffiths
(acting for Christie)
20 Jun 1848 - 26 Nov 1855 William Bletterman Caldwell
(b. c.1798 - d. 1882)
26 Nov 1855 - 9 Dec 1858 Francis Godschall Johnson
(b. 1817 - d. 1894)
9 Dec 1858 - 20 May 1870 William Mactavish
(b. 1815 - d. 1870)
(from 20 Oct 1869, not recognized by the Métis)
President of the National Committee of the Red River Métis
20 Oct 1869 - 24 Nov 1869 John Bruce
(b. 1831 - d. 1893)
Provisional Presidents
24 Nov 1869 - 27 Dec 1869 John Bruce
(s.a.)
27 Dec 1869 - 15 Jul 1870 Louis Riel (David Riel)
(b. 1844 - d. 1885)
Lieutenant governors
20 May 1870 - 2 Dec 1872 Adams George Archibald
(b. 1814 - d. 1892)
9 Apr 1872 - 2 Dec 1872 Francis Godschall Johnson
(s.a.)
(commission revoked; did not take office)
2 Dec 1872 - 8 Oct 1877 Alexander Morris
(b. 1826 - d. 1889)
8 Oct 1877 - 29 Sep 1882 Joseph Edouard Cauchon
(b. 1816 - d. 1885)
29 Sep 1882 - 1 Jul 1888 James Cox Aikins
(b. 1823 - d. 1904)
1 Jul 1888 - 2 Sep 1895 John Christian Schultz
(b. 1840 - d. 1896)
2 Sep 1895 - 10 Oct 1900 James Colebrooke Patterson
(b. 1839 - d. 1929)
10 Oct 1900 - 1 Aug 1911 Sir Daniel Hunter McMillan
(b. 1846 - d. 1933)
1 Aug 1911 - 3 Aug 1916 Sir Douglas Colin Cameron
(b. 1854 - d. 1921)
3 Aug 1916 - 9 Oct 1926 Sir James Albert Manning
Aikins (b. 1851 - d. 1929)
9 Oct 1926 - 18 Jan 1929 Theodore Arthur Burrows
(b. 1857 - d. 1929)
25 Jan 1929 - 1 Dec 1934 James Duncan McGregor
(b. 1860 - d. 1935)
1 Dec 1934 - 1 Nov 1940 William Johnston Tupper
(b. 1862 - d. 1947)
1 Nov 1940 - 1 Aug 1953 Roland Fairbairn McWilliams
(b. 1874 - d. 1958)
1 Aug 1953 - 15 Jan 1960 John Stewart McDiarmid
(b. 1882 - d. 1963)
15 Jan 1960 - 1 Nov 1965 Errick French Willis
(b. 1896 - d. 1967)
1 Nov 1965 - 2 Sep 1970 Richard Spink Bowles
(b. 1912 - d. 1988)
2 Sep 1970 - 15 Mar 1976 William John MacKeag
(b. 1928 - d. 2007)
15 Mar 1976 - 23 Oct 1981 Francis Lawrence Jobin
(b. 1914 - d. 1995)
23 Oct 1981 - 11 Dec 1986 Pearl McGonigal (f)
(b. 1929)
11 Dec 1986 - 5 Mar 1993 George Johnson
(b. 1920 - d. 1995)
5 Mar 1993 - 2 Mar 1999 W. Yvon Dumont
(b. 1951)
2 Mar 1999 - 30 Jun 2004 Peter M. Liba
(b. 1940 - d. 2007)
30 Jun 2004 -
John Harvard
(b. 1938)
Premiers
16 Sep 1870 - 14 Dec 1871 Alfred Boyd
(b. 1836 - d. 1908) Con
14 Dec 1871 - 14 Mar 1872 Marc-Amable Girard (1st time)
(b. 1822 - d. 1892) Con
14 Mar 1872 - 8 Jul 1874 Henry Joseph Hynes Clarke
(b. 1833 - d. 1889) Con
8 Jul 1874 - 3 Dec 1874 Marc-Amable Girard (2nd
time) (s.a.)
Con
3 Dec 1874 - 16 Oct 1878 Robert Atkinson Davis
(b. 1841 - d. 1903) Con
16 Oct 1878 - 26 Dec 1887 John Norquay
(b. 1841 - d. 1889) Con
26 Dec 1887 - 19 Jan 1888 David Howard Harrison
(b. 1843 - d. 1905) Con
19 Jan 1888 - 8 Jan 1900 Thomas Greenway
(b. 1838 - d. 1908) Lib
8 Jan 1900 - 29 Oct 1900 Hugh John Macdonald
(b. 1850 - d. 1929) Con
29 Oct 1900 - 12 May 1915 Rodmond Palen Roblin
(b. 1853 - d. 1937) Con
(from 1912, Sir Rodmond Palen Roblin)
12 May 1915 - 8 Aug 1922 Tobias Crawford Norris
(b. 1861 - d. 1936) Lib
8 Aug 1922 - 8 Jan 1943 John Bracken
(b. 1883 - d. 1969) LP
8 Jan 1943 - 7 Nov 1948 Stuart Sinclair Garson
(b. 1898 - d. 1977) LP
7 Nov 1948 - 16 Jun 1958 Douglas Lloyd Campbell
(b. 1895 - d. 1995) Lib
16 Jun 1958 - 25 Nov 1967 Dufferin Roblin
(b. 1917)
PC
25 Nov 1967 - 15 Jul 1969 Walter Weir
(b. 1929 - d. 1985) PC
15 Jul 1969 - 24 Nov 1977 Edward R. Schreyer
(b. 1935)
NDP
24 Nov 1977 - 30 Nov 1981 Sterling Rufus Lyon
(b. 1927)
PC
30 Nov 1981 - 9 May 1988 Howard R. Pawley
(b. 1934)
NDP
9 May 1988 - 5 Oct 1999 Gary Filmon
(b. 1942)
PC
5 Oct 1999 -
Gary Doer
(b. 1948)
NDP
New
Brunswick
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26 May 1868 - c.1950
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![New Brunswick (Canada] c.1950](can_nb-b.gif) -
c.1950 - 24 Feb 1965
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Adopted 24 Feb 1965 -
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Capital: Fredericton
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Population: 744,700 (2004)
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16 Aug 1784
Separate colony (previously part of Nova Scotia).
1849
Responsible government granted.
1 Jul 1867
Province of Canada
Governor
16 Aug 1784 - 20 May 1786 Thomas Carleton
(b. 1735 - d. 1817)
Lieutenant governors
20 May 1786 - 2 Feb 1817 Thomas Carleton
(s.a.)
- Administrators Acting for Carleton -
5 Oct 1805 - 12 Feb 1808 Gabriel George Ludlow
(b. 1736 - d. 1808)
20 Feb 1808 - 24 May 1808 Edward Winslow
(b. 1746 - d. 1815)
24 May 1808 - 17 Dec 1808 Martin Hunter (1st time)
17 Dec 1808 - 28 Apr 1809 George Johnstone
28 Apr 1809 - 10 Sep 1811 Martin Hunter (2nd time)
10 Sep 1811 - 14 Nov 1811 Willam Balfour
(b. 1759 - d. 1811)
14 Nov 1811 - 15 Jun 1812 Martin Hunter (3rd time)
15 Jun 1812 - 17 Aug 1813 George Stracey Smyth (1st time)
(b. 1767 - d. 1823)
17 Aug 1813 - 14 Aug 1814 Sir Thomas Saumarez
14 Aug 1814 - 25 Jun 1816 George Stracey Smyth (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Lieutenant governors
25 Jun 1816 - 30 Jun 1817 Harris W. Hailes
(acting [for Carleton to 2 Feb 1817])
1 Jul 1817 - 27 Mar 1823 George Stracey Smyth
(s.a.)
1 Apr 1823 - 9 Feb 1824 Ward Chipman (acting)
(b. 1754 - d. 1824)
21 Feb 1824 - 28 Aug 1824 James Murray Bliss (acting)
28 Aug 1824 - Jul 1831 Sir Howard Douglas
(b. 1776 - d. 1861)
Jul 1831 - 9 Sep 1831 William Black
(acting)
9 Sep 1831 - 1 May 1837 Sir Archibald Campbell
(b. 1769 - d. 1843)
1 May 1837 - 26 Apr 1841 Sir John Harvey
(b. 1778 - d. 1852)
27 Apr 1841 - 11 Apr 1848 Sir William MacBean George
(b. 1787 - d. 1870)
Colebrooke
11 Apr 1848 - 28 Sep 1854 Sir Edmund Walker Head
(b. 1805 - d. 1868)
7 Oct 1854 - 26 Oct 1861 Sir John Henry Thomas Manners-
(b. 1814 - d. 1877)
Sutton
26 Oct 1861 - 30 Sep 1866 Arthur Charles Hamilton-Gordon
(b. 1829 - d. 1912)
30 Sep 1866 - 18 Oct 1867 Sir Charles Hastings Doyle
(b. 1804 - d. 1883)
18 Oct 1867 - 22 Jul 1868 Francis Pym Harding
(b. 1821 - d. 1875)
23 Jul 1868 - 15 Nov 1873 Lemuel Allan Wilmot
(b. 1809 - d. 1878)
15 Nov 1873 - 11 Jul 1878 Samuel Leonard Tilley (1st time)
(b. 1818 - d. 1896)
16 Jul 1878 - 6 Feb 1880 Edward Barron Chandler
(b. 1800 - d. 1880)
11 Feb 1880 - 11 Nov 1885 Robert Duncan Wilmot
(b. 1809 - d. 1891)
11 Nov 1885 - 21 Sep 1893 Sir Samuel Leonard Tilley
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
21 Sep 1893 - 4 Dec 1893 John Boyd
(b. 1826 - d. 1893)
20 Dec 1893 - 24 Nov 1896 John James Fraser
(b. 1829 - d. 1896)
9 Dec 1896 - 21 Jan 1902 Abner Reid McClelan
(b. 1831 - d. 1917)
28 Jan 1902 - 24 Feb 1907 Jabez Bunting Snowball
(b. 1837 - d. 1907)
5 Mar 1907 - 6 Mar 1912 Lemuel John Tweedie
(b. 1849 - d. 1917)
6 Mar 1912 - 29 Jun 1917 Josiah Wood
(b. 1843 - d. 1927)
29 Jun 1917 - 31 Oct 1917 Gilbert White Ganong
(b. 1851 - d. 1917)
6 Nov 1917 - 28 Feb 1923 William Pugsley
(b. 1850 - d. 1925)
28 Feb 1923 - 28 Dec 1928 William Frederic Todd
(b. 1854 - d. 1935)
28 Dec 1928 - 31 Jan 1935 Hugh Havelock McLean
(b. 1854 - d. 1938)
8 Feb 1935 - 5 Mar 1940 Murray MacLaren
(b. 1861 - d. 1942)
5 Mar 1940 - 1 Nov 1945 George William Clarke
(b. 1865 - d. 1948)
1 Nov 1945 - 5 Jun 1958 David Laurence MacLaren
(b. 1893 - d. 1960)
5 Jun 1958 - 9 Jun 1965 Joseph Leonard O'Brien
(b. 1895 - d. 1973)
9 Jun 1965 - 31 Jan 1968 John Babbitt McNair
(b. 1889 - d. 1968)
1 Feb 1968 - 2 Oct 1971 Wallace Samuel Bird
(b. 1917 - d. 1971)
8 Oct 1971 - 12 Nov 1981 Hédard Joseph Robichaud
(b. 1911 - d. 1999)
23 Dec 1981 - 20 Aug 1987 George Francis Gillman Stanley
(b. 1907 - d. 2002)
20 Aug 1987 - 21 Jun 1994 Gilbert Finn
(b. 1920)
21 Jun 1994 - 18 Apr 1997 Margaret Norrie McCain (f)
(b. 1934)
18 Apr 1997 - 26 Aug 2003 Marilyn Trenholme Counsell (f)
(b. 1933)
26 Aug 2003 -
Herménégilde Chiasson
(b. 1946)
Chairman of the Executive Council
1848 - 1 Nov 1854
Edward Barron Chandler
(s.a.)
Con
Premiers
1 Nov 1854 - 22 May 1856 Charles Fisher (1st time)
(b. 1808 - d. 1880) Lib
22 May 1856 - May 1857 John Hamilton Gray
(b. 1814 - d. 1889 Con
May 1857 - 18 Mar 1861 Charles Fisher (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Lib
18 Mar 1861 - Mar 1865 Samuel Leonard Tilley
(s.a.)
Lib
Mar 1865 - 14 Apr 1866 Albert J. Smith
(b. 1822 - d. 1883) Con
14 Apr 1866 - Jul 1867 Peter Mitchell
(b. 1824 - d. 1899) Cnf
Jul 1867 - 1870
Andrew Rainsford Wetmore
(b. 1820 - d. 1892) Cnf
1870 - Feb 1871
George Edwin King (1st time) (b. 1839
- d. 1901) Con
Feb 1871 - Jul 1872 George
Luther Hatheway
(b. 1813 - d. 1872) Con
Jul 1872 - 1878
George Edwin King (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Con
1878 - 1882
John James Fraser
(s.a.)
Con
1882 - 1883
Daniel Lionel Hanington
(b. 1835 - d. 1909) Con
1883 - Jul 1896
Andrew George Blair
(b. 1844 - d. 1907) Lib
Jul 1896 - 29 Oct 1897 James Mitchell
(b. 1843 - d. 1897) Lib
29 Oct 1897 - 31 Aug 1900 Henry Robert Emmerson
(b. 1853 - d. 1914) Lib
31 Aug 1900 - 6 Mar 1907 Lemuel John Tweedie
(s.a.)
Lib
6 Mar 1907 - 31 May 1907 William Pugsley
(s.a.)
Lib
31 May 1907 - 24 Mar 1908 Clifford William Robinson
(b. 1866 - d. 1944) Lib
24 Mar 1908 - 16 Oct 1911 Sir John Douglas Hazen
(b. 1860 - d. 1937) Con
16 Oct 1911 - 17 Dec 1914 James Kidd Flemming
(b. 1868 - d. 1927) Con
17 Dec 1914 - 1 Feb 1917 George Johnson Clarke
(b. 1857 - d. 1917) Con
1 Feb 1917 - 4 Apr 1917 James Alexander Murray
(b. 1864 - d. 1960) Con
4 Apr 1917 - 28 Feb 1923 Walter Edward Foster
(b. 1874 - d. 1947) Lib
28 Feb 1923 - 14 Sep 1925 Peter John Veniot
(b. 1863 - d. 1936) Lib
14 Sep 1925 - 19 May 1931 John Babington Macaulay
(b. 1868 - d. 1946) Con
Baxter
19 May 1931 - 1 Jun 1933 Charles Dow Richards
(b. 1879 - d. 1956) Con
1 Jun 1933 - 16 Jul 1935 Leonard Percy de Wolfe Tilley
(b. 1870 - d. 1947) Con
16 Jul 1935 - 13 Mar 1940 Albert Allison Dysart
(b. 1880 - d. 1962) Lib
13 Mar 1940 - 8 Oct 1952 John Babbitt McNair
(s.a.)
Lib
8 Oct 1952 - 12 Jul 1960 Hugh John Flemming
(b. 1899 - d. 1982) PC
12 Jul 1960 - 12 Nov 1970 Louis J. Robichaud
(b. 1925 - d. 2005) Lib
12 Nov 1970 - 27 Oct 1987 Richard Bennett Hatfield
(b. 1931 - d. 1991) PC
27 Oct 1987 - 13 Oct 1997 Frank McKenna
(b. 1948)
Lib
13 Oct 1997 - 14 May 1998 Joseph Raymond Frenette
(b. 1935)
Lib
14 May 1998 - 21 Jun 1999 Camille Thériault
(b. 1955)
Lib
21 Jun 1999 - 3 Oct 2006 Bernard Lord
(b. 1965)
PC
3 Oct 2006 -
Shawn Graham
(b. 1968)
Lib
Newfoundland
and Labrador
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![[Great Britain]](gb.gif) -
to
28 Sep 1870; 15 May 1931 - 6 Jun 1980
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![[Newfoundland Blue Ensign 1870-1904]](ca_nfbe1.gif) -
28 Sep 1870 - 18 May 1904
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![[Newfoundland Blue Ensign 1904-1931]](ca_nfbe2.gif) -
18 May 1904 - 15 May 1931
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Adopted 6 Jun 1980
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![[flag of Labrador]](ca-nf-la.gif) -
Adopted 1 Apr 1974 Labrador local flag
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Map of Newfoundland and Labrador
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Hear
National Anthem "Ode to Newfoundland"
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Text
of National Anthem Adopted 20 May 1904
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Constitutions (1847, 1855, 1905, 1934)
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Capital: St. John's
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Currency: Newfoundland Dollar (NFLD) (1865-1949)
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National Holiday: 24 Jun (1497)
Discovery Day
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Population: 505,409 (2006) 325,000 (1948)
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GDP: $N/A
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Exports: $60.86 million (1946) Imports: $57.25 million (1946)
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Ethnic groups: British, Acadien/French, American, other European, Inuit
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Total Armed Forces: N/A Merchant marine: N/A
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Religions: Protestant, Roman Catholic, other
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| International
Organizations/Treaties to 1934: C |
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24 Jun 1497
Claimed for England.
5 Aug 1583
English colony (Newfoundland)
1613 - 7 Apr 1723
Guy's colony (from Cape Mary's to Cape Bonavista).
Sep 1621
Province of Avalon carved out of Guy's colony.
13 Nov 1637
Avalon incorporated into colony of Newfoundland.
May 1660 - 24 Sep 1703 Permanent government
allowed to lapse. Certain judicial functions
passed to the Royal Navy commodores of the fishing convoys,
leaving the colony with out governance or defense three
or six
months of the year, depending on the season.
30 Nov 1696 - Mar 1697 French occupation
of St. John's.
11 Apr 1713
Placentia incorporated into British Newfoundland, but France
keeps the right to fish from Cape Bonavista to Point Riche.
French cod fisherman are allowed to live on land only during
the
fishing season and to only erect buildings for drying fish
on the northern coast (French Treaty Shore or Shoals).
14 May 1729
Civil government begins.
27 Jun 1762 - 18 Sep 1762 French occupation of St. John's.
10 Feb 1763
Labrador ceded to Britain by France, previously part of Quebec.
7 Oct 1763
Coast of Labrador annexed to Newfoundland.
22 Jun 1774
Coast of Labrador re-annexed to Quebec
3 Sep 1783
French Shoals (Treaty Shore) extended from Cape John to Cape Ray
on the western coast and a small part of the north.
30 Mar 1809
Coast of Labrador re-attached to Newfoundland.
17 Jun 1824
Newfoundland a crown colony.
5 May 1855
Granted responsible government.
8 Apr 1904
France renounces use of the French Treaty Shore in exchange
for an indemnity and retaining only a right to fish in
the
Newfoundland waters.
26 Sep 1907
Newfoundland a dominion (confirmed 1926 and 1931).
1 Apr 1912
Newfoundland acquires the unorganized parts of western Labrador.
1 Mar 1927
British Privy Council decides final Newfoundland-Quebec border
granting territory to Newfoundland, a decision which
remains contested by Quebec.
18 Dec 1933
Suspension of Newfoundland's constitution.
30 Jan 1934
Colonial rule restored, dominion status suspended.
1 Apr 1949
Newfoundland a province of Canada.
6 Dec 2001
Renamed Newfoundland and Labrador.
1 Dec 2005 Nunatsiavut (Inuit of northern Labrador) granted autonomy.
Governors
5 Aug 1583 - 9 Nov 1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert
(b. c.1539 - d. 1583)
9 Nov 1583 - 1610
Vacant
- of Cuper's Cove -
1610 - 1613
John Guy
(d. 1628)
1613 - 1614
William Colston (acting)
1615 - 1621
John Mason
(b. 1586 - d. 1635)
- of Bristol's Hope -
1618 - 1628
Robert Hayman
- of Trepassey -
1623 - 1620
Richard Whitebourne
- of South Falkland -
1623 - 1625
Francis Tanfield
- of Avalon -
Sep 1621 - 1625
Edward Wynn
1626 - 1627
Sir Arthur Ashton
1628 - Sep 1629
George Calvert,
(b. 1580 - d. 1632)
Baron of Baltimore
Sep 1629 - 1634
Cecil Calvert
(b. 1605 - d. 1675)
(from 1632, Cecil Calvert, Baron Baltimore)
1634 - 1634
William Hill
- of All the Settlements -
1638 - 20 Jun 1640
Sir David Kirke
(d. 1653)
20 Jun 1640 - 8 Apr 1651 John Downing, Sr.
8 Apr 1651 - 27 May 1653 John Littlebury
(Head of the Board of Commissioners)
27 May 1653 - May 1660 John Treworgie
May 1660 - 1661
.... (acting)
1661 - 1663
J. Rayner (acting)
+ Pearse (acting)
1665
Christopher Martin
1665 - 1668
....
1668
Robert Robinsen
1668 - 1671
....
1671
William Davis
1671 - 1675
....
Commodores of the Fishing Convoys
1675
Sir John Berry
1676
Edward Russell
1677
Sir William Poole
1678
Charles Talbot (1st time)
1679
Wright
1680
Sir Robert Robinson
1681
James Story?
1682
Daniel Jones
1683
Charles Talbot (2nd time)
1684
Francis Wheeler
(b. 1656 - d. 1694)
1684 - 1689
....
1689
Thomas Perry?
1690
....
1691
Charles Hawkins
1692
Thomas Crawley
1692 - 1694
....
1694
William Holman
1695
....
1696
Samuel Whetstone
1696 - 30 Nov 1696
Miners
30 Nov 1696 - Mar 1697 Jacques-François
de
(b. 1651 - d. 1705)
Monbeton Brouillan de
St.André -Governor
Mar 1697 - 1698
Sir John Norris
(b. 1660 - d. 1749)
1697 - 1698
Handyside - Commander
1698 - 1699
William Lilburn
1699
Andrew Leake
1699 - 1700
Andrews -Commander
1700
Sir Stafford Fairborne
(d. 1742)
1701
John Graydon
1702
John Leake
(b. 1656 - d. 1720)
1703
....
1707 - 1705
Timothy Bridge
1706 - 1707
John Underdown
1708
Peter Chamberlain
1708
Thomas Mitchell
8 Jan 1709 - 6 Oct 1709 Joseph Taylour -Commander
1710
John Aldred
1711
Josias Crowe
1712
Sir Nicholas Trevanion
1713
Robert Leake
1714
Charles Fotherby
1715
William Kempthorne
1716
John Hagar
1717
William Passenger
1718
Thomas Scott
1719
Chaloner Ogle
(b. 1681 - d. 1750)
1720
Francis Percy
1721
James Stuart
1722 - 1727
Edward Bowler
1728
Vere Beauclerk
(b. 1699 - d. 1781)
Lieutenant governors (resident at St. John's, then Placentia)
1700 - 1702
Michael Richards
(b. 1672 - d. 1721)
1702 - 1704
Thomas Lloyd (1st time)
1704 - 1705
John Moody (1st time)
1705 - 1708
Thomas Lloyd (2nd time)
1709 - 1712
John Collins
1712 - 1719
John Moody (2nd time)
1719 - 9 Jul 1719
Samuel Gledhill
9 Jul 1719 - 1735
Richard Philipps
Commodore-Governors
1729 - 1730
Henry Osborne
(b. 1694 - d. 1771)
1731 - 1732
George Clinton
(b. 1686 - d. 1761)
1732
Edward Falkingham
(b. c.1683 - d. 1757)
1733 - 1734
Robert MacCarty, Viscount Muskerry (b. 1698 - d. 1769)
1735 - 1737
Fitzroy Henry Lee
(b. c.1698 - d. 1750)
1738
Philip Vanbrugh
(d. 1753)
1739 - 1740
Henry Medley
(b. 1687 - d. 1747)
1740
George Grahame
1741
Thomas Smith (1st time)
(d. 1762)
1742
John Byng
(b. 1704 - d. 1757)
1743
Thomas Smith (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1744
Charles Hardy
(b. 1716 - d. 1780)
1745
Richard Edwards
(d. 1773)
1746
James Douglas
(b. 1703 - d. 1787)
1746 - 1748
Vacant
Mar 1748 - 1749
Charles Watson
(b. 1714 - d. 1757)
1749 - 1750
George Brydges Rodney
(b. 1719 - d. 1792)
1750 - 1752
Francis William Drake
(d. 1780)
1753 - 1754
Hugh Bonfoy
(b. c.1720 - d. 1762)
1755 - 1756
Richard Dorrill
(b. c.1719 - d. 1762)
1757 - 1760
Richard Edwards (1st time)
(b. c.1719 - d. 1762)
1761 - 14 May 1761
James Webb
(d. 1761)
1761 - 27 Jun 1762
Thomas Graves (1st time)
(b. 1725 - d. 1802)
27 Jun 1762 - 18 Sep 1762 Bernard de Cléron,
(b. 1737 - d. 1806)
comte d'Haussonville
18 Sep 1762 - 1763
Thomas Graves (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1764 - 1768
Sir Hugh Palliser
(b. 1722 - d. 1796)
1769 - 1772
John Byron
(b. 1723 - d. 1786)
1772 - 1775
Molyneux Shuldham, Baron Shuldham (b. c.1717 - d. 1798)
1775 - 7 May 1776
Robert Duff
(b. 1721 - d. 1787)
7 May 1776 - 1778
John Montague
(b. 1719 - d. 1795)
1779 - 1782
Richard Edwards (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1782 - 1786
John Campbell
(b. c.1720 - d. 1790)
1786 - 1788
John Elliott
(b. 1733 - d. 1808)
1789 - 1791
Mark Milbanke
(b. 1724 - d. 1805)
1792 - 1793
Sir Richard King
(b. 1730 - d. 1806)
1794 - 1797
Sir James Wallace
(b. 1731 - d. 1803)
1797 - 1799
William Waldegrave
(b. 1753 - d. 1825)
1800 - 1801
Charles Morice Pole
(b. 1757 - d. 1830)
1802 - 1804
James Gambier
(b. 1756 - d. 1833)
1804 - 26 Jul 1807
Sir Erasmus Gower
(b. 1744 - d. 1814)
26 Jul 1807 - 1810
John Holloway
(b. 1742 - d. 1826)
1810 - 1812
Sir John Thomas Duckworth
(b. 1748 - d. 1817)
1813 - 1816
Sir Richard Goodwin Keats
(b. 1757 - d. 1834)
Sep 1816 - 24 Feb 1818 Francis Pickmore
(b. c.1756 - d. 1818)
24 Feb 1818 - 20 Jul 1818 John Bowker (acting)
(b. 1770 - d. 1850?)
Governors
20 Jul 1818 - 5 Jul 1824 Charles Hamilton
(b. 1767 - d. 1849)
(from 1822, Sir Charles Hamilton)
1825 - 1834
Sir Thomas John Cochrane
(b. 1789 - d. 1872)
1834 - 16 Sep 1841
Henry Prescott
(b. 1783 - d. 1874)
16 Sep 1841 - 1846
Sir John Harvey
(b. 1778 - d. 1852)
1846 - 1847
John Law
Apr 1847 - 28 Jul 1852 John Gaspard Le
Marchant (b.
1803 - d. 1876)
Dec 1852 - Mar 1855 Ker
Baillie Hamilton
(b. 1804 - d. 1889)
1855 - May 1857
Charles Henry Darling
(b. 1809 - d. 1870)
1857 - 1863
Sir Alexander Bannerman
(b. 1783 - d. 1864)
1863 - Apr 1864
Laurence O'Brien (acting)
(b. 1792 - d. 1870)
Apr 1864 - Jun 1869 Sir
Anthony Musgrave
(b. 1828 - d. 1888)
Jul 1869 - 1876
Sir Stephan John Hill
(b. 1809 - d. 1891)
30 Apr 1876 - 1881 Sir John Hawley Glover (1st time) (b. 1829 - d. 1885)
1881
Sir Frederick Bowker Terrington (b. 1819
- d. 1900)
Carter (1st time) (acting)
1881 - 10 Sep 1883
Sir Henry Fitzhardinge Berkeley (b. 1832 - d. 1883)
Maxse
10 Sep 1883 - Jul 1883 Sir Frederick Bowker
Terrington (s.a.)
Carter (2nd time) (acting)
Jul 1883 - 30 Sep 1885 Sir John Hawley
Glover (2nd time) (s.a.)
30 Sep 1885 - 1886
Sir Frederick Bowker Terrington (s.a.)
Carter (3rd time) (acting)
1886 - Jan 1887
Sir George William Des Voeux (b. 1834
- d. 1909)
Jan 1887 - 1889
Sir Henry Arthur Blake
(b. 1840 - d. 1918)
1889
Sir Frederick Bowker Terrington (s.a.)
Carter (4th time) (acting)
1889 - 1895
Sir John Terence Nicolls O'Brien (b. 1830 - d. 1903)
1895 - 1898
Sir Herbert Harley Murray
(b. 1829 - d. 1904)
1898 - 1901
Sir Henry Edward McCallum
(b. 1852 - d. 1919)
1901 - 1904
Sir Cavendish Boyle
(b. 1849 - d. 1916)
1904 - 1909
Sir William MacGregor
(b. 1846 - d. 1919)
1909 - Dec 1913
Sir Ralph Champneys Williams (b. 1848
- d. 1927)
Dec 1913 - Oct 1917 Sir
Walter Edward Davidson
(b. 1859 - d. 1923)
Dec 1917 - Sep 1922 Sir
Charles Alexander Harris (b. 1855 -
d. 1947)
Sep 1922 - Oct 1928 Sir
William Lamond Allardyce (b. 1861 -
d. 1930)
Oct 1928 - Sep 1932 Sir
John Middleton
(b. 1870 - d. 1954)
Sep 1932 - Oct 1935 Sir
David Murray Anderson
(b. 1874 - d. 1936)
Oct 1935 - 16 Jan 1946 Sir Humphrey Thomas
Walwyn (b. 1879 - d. 1957)
16 Jan 1946 - 1 Apr 1949 Sir Gordon MacDonald
(b. 1885 - d. 1966)
Lieutenant governors
1 Apr 1949 - 15 Sep 1949 Sir Albert Joseph Walsh
(b. 1900 - d. 1958)
15 Sep 1949 - 16 Dec 1957 Sir Leonard Cecil Outerbridge
(b. 1888 - d. 1986)
16 Dec 1957 - 1 Mar 1963 Campbell Macpherson
(b. 1907 - d. 1973)
1 Mar 1963 - 2 Apr 1969 Fabian O'Dea
(b. 1918 - d. 2004)
2 Apr 1969 - 2 Jul 1974 E. John A. Harnum
(b. 1910 - d. 1996)
2 Jul 1974 - 10 Jul 1981 Gordon Arnaud Winter
(b. 1912 - d. 2003)
10 Jul 1981 - 5 Sep 1986 Anthony Paddon
(b. 1914 - d. 1995)
5 Sep 1986 - 5 Nov 1991 James A. McGrath
(b. 1932)
5 Nov 1991 - 5 Feb 1997 Frederick William Russell
(b. 1923 - d. 2001)
5 Feb 1997 - 1 Nov 2002 A.M. House
(b. 1926)
1 Nov 2002 - 4 Feb 2008 Edward
Roberts
(b. 1940)
4 Feb 2008 -
John Crosbie
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