Netherlands Antilles
 

1634 - 15 Dec 1959               15 Dec 1959 - 20 Mar 1986                   Adopted 20 Mar 1986   Map of the Netherlands Antilles Hear National Anthem "Wilhelmous van Nassouwe" (William of Nassau) Hear Local Anthem Untitled Adopted 2000 ------------------------------ Former Local Anthem (1964 - 2000) Constitution (29 Dec 1954; in Dutch) Capital: Willemstad Currency: Netherlands Antillean Guilder (ANG)  National Holiday: 30 Apr (1938) Queen's Day ---------------------------------------- Local Holiday: 1954-75, 2008 -:  15 Dec (1954) Kingdom Charter Day --------------------------------------- 1975-2008: 21 Oct (1975) Antilles (Antillean) Day Population: 225,369 (2008) GDP: $3.34 billion (2006) Exports: $3.71 billion (2006) Imports: $15.7 billion (2006) Ethnic groups: mixed black/Antillean Creole 81.1%, Dutch 5.3%, Surinamese 2.9%, East Asian and other 10.7% (2000) Total Active Dutch Armed Forces: 1,000 (2005) Defense is the Responsibility of the Netherlands Merchant marine: 147 ships (2008) Religions: Roman Catholic 72%, Pentecostal 4.9%, Protestant 3.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, Methodist 2.9%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.7%, other Christian 4.2%, Jewish 1.3%, other or unspecified 1.2%, none 5.2% (2001)  International Organizations/Treaties: ACS (associate), Caricom (observer), DLU (candidate member), ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITUC, LAP, UNCLOS (observer), UNESCO (associate), UNWTO (associate), UPU, WCO, WMO Netherlands Antilles Index Chronology 1513                       Spanish name the Lesser Antilles Islas Inútiles                              ("Useless Islands").  29 Jul 1634                Curaçao a Dutch possession.  9 Feb 1635                Bonaire a Dutch possession. 10 May 1636                Aruba a Dutch possession. 1828                       Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, Sint Eustatius,                               Sint Maarten, and Dutch Guiana united as                               the Dutch West Indies; with the                              governor of Dutch Guiana (see Suriname)                              as governor-general. 27 Jan 1848                Islands united under the name of Curaçao and                              Dependencies. 1922                       Overseas province of the Netherlands. 11 May 1940 -  5 Feb 1942  British (and to Jun 1940 French) protectorate.  5 Feb 1942 - 1945         U.S. protectorate. 20 Sep 1948                Renamed Netherlands Antilles. 15 Dec 1954                Autonomous part of The Netherlands, end of                              colonial status.  1 Jan 1986                Aruba a separate dependency. 19 Nov 1993                In referendum Curaçao votes to remain within                               the Netherlands Antilles. 2000/2004/2005             Referendums in Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba and Sint                              Maarten support a redefined status within The                              Netherlands, only Sint Eustatius supports                              remaining within the Netherlands Antilles.  1 Jan 2010                Date set for dissolution of Netherlands Antilles. Netherlands Antilles Islands Bonaire Curaçao Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten

Governors
1828 - 27 Jan 1848         the governors of Dutch Guiana
                             (see Suriname) 
27 Jan 1848 - 20 Dec 1848  Rutgers Hermanus Esser              (b. 1800 - d. 1864]
20 Dec 1848 - 28 Apr 1854  Isaäk Johannes Rammelman            (b. 1802 - d. 1877)
                             Elsevier, Jr.
1854 - 1856                Jacob Bennebroek Gravenhorst        (b. 1802 - d. 1859)
                             (acting)
28 Feb 1856 - 13 Jul 1859  Reinhart Frans van Lansberge        (b. 1804 - d. 1873)
13 Jul 1859 - 16 Apr 1866  Johannes Didericus Crol             (b. 1806 - d. 1870)
16 Apr 1866 - 24 Nov 1870  Abraham Mathieu de Rouville         (b. 1813 - d. 1881)
24 Nov 1870 -  1 May 1877  Herman François Gerardus Wagner     (b. 1822 - d. 1904)
                             (acting to 5 Apr 1871)
 1 May 1877 -  1 Oct 1880  Hendrik Bernardus Kip               (b. 1823 - d. 1897)
10 Oct 1880 - 18 Oct 1882  Johannes Herbert August Willem,     (b. 1829 - d. 1893)
                             baron van Heerdt tot Eversberg
1882 -  8 Mar 1890         Nicolaas van den Brandhof           (b. 1834 - d. 1904)
 8 May 1890 - 24 Aug 1901  Charles Augustinus Henry Barge      (b. 1844 - d. 1919)
1901                       Theodorus Isaak Andreas Nuyens      (b. 1859 - d. 1923)
                             (1st time)(acting)
11 Sep 1901 - 16 Oct 1909  Jan Olpbert de Jong van Beeken      (b. 1863 - d. 1935)
                             Donk
1904 - 1904                Caspar Statius Muller               (b. 18.. - d. 1936)
                             (acting for de Jong)
16 Oct 1909 - 20 Mar 1919  Theodorus Isaak Andreas Nuyens      (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
1919                       John Brown Gorsira (1st time)       (b. 1865 - d. 19..)
                             (acting)
10 Jun 1919 - 24 Jun 1921  Oscar Louis Helfrich                (b. 1860 - d. 1958)
1921                       John Brown Gorsira (2nd time)       (s.a.)
                             (acting)
13 Oct 1921 - 31 Aug 1928  Nikolaas Johannes Laurentius        (b. 1874 - d. 1948)
                             Brantjes
1924 - 1924                John Brown Gorsira (3rd time)       (s.a.)
                             (acting for Brantjes)
1927 - 1927                Herman Bernard Cornelis Schotborgh  (b. 1898 - d. 19..)
                             (1st time)(acting for Brantjes)
1928 - 1929                Marius van Dijk (acting)
30 Jan 1929 - 30 Oct 1929  Leonardus Albert Fruytier           (b. 1882 - d. 1972)
1929 - 1930                Herman Bernard Cornelis Schotborgh  (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)(acting)
20 Feb 1930 - 22 Jun 1936  Bartholomaeus Wouther Theodorus     (b. 1882 - d. 1956)
                             van Slobbe (acting to 11 Mar 1930)
1933                       Herman Bernard Cornelis Schotborgh  (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)(acting for van Slobbe)
1936                       Frans Adriaan Jas (1st time)(acting)
13 Jul 1936 - 15 Jul 1942  Gielliam Johannes Josephus Wouters  (b. 1883 - d. 1973)
15 Jul 1942 -  1 Jul 1948  Petrus "Piet" Albertus Kasteel      (b. 1901 - d. 2003)
1946                       Frans Adriaan Jas (2nd time)
                             (acting for Kasteel)
1948                       Cornelius Süthoff (acting)
 4 Aug 1948 - 30 Mar 1951  Leonard Antoon Hubert Peters        (b. 1900 - d. 1984)
1951 - 1951                Frans Adriaan Jas (3rd time)(acting)
 7 Jun 1951 - 27 Oct 1956  Antoon "Teun" Struiken              (b. 1906 - d. 1977)
                             (from 16 Jun 1953, Antoon "Teun" Struycken) 
27 Oct 1956 - 24 Apr 1957  Frans E.J. van der Valk (acting)
24 Apr 1957 -  1 Jun 1961  Antonius Bernardus Speekenbrink     (b. 1905 - d. 1978)
 1 Jun 1961 - 11 Aug 1962  Christiaan Winkel (acting)          (b. 1899 - d. 1962)
11 Aug 1962 - 10 Sep 1962  A.P.J. van Bruggen (acting)
10 Sep 1962 -  1 Jun 1970  Nicolaas Cola Debrot                (b. 1902 - d. 1981)
 1 Jun 1970 - 16 May 1983  Bernadito "Ben" M. Leito            (b. 1923)
16 May 1983 -  5 Oct 1983  Julius Beaujon (acting)
 5 Oct 1983 - 15 Jan 1990  René Antonio Römer                  (b. 1929 - d. 2003)
15 Jan 1990 -  1 Jul 2002  Jaime M. Saleh                      (b. 1941)
 1 Jul 2002 -              Frits Martinus de los Santos        (b. 1951) 
                             Goedgedrag 

Chairmen of the College of General Administration
21 Aug 1948 - 10 May 1949  A.G. Statius Muller
10 May 1949 - 14 Jul 1949  Moises Frumencio da Costa Gomez     (b. 1907 - d. 1966)  NVP-PNP
14 Jul 1949 - 17 Aug 1950  Lindoro Cristoffel Kwartsz          (b. 1873 - d. 1959)  NVP-PNP
17 Aug 1950 - 18 Apr 1951  Nicolaas "Cola" Debrot              (b. 1902 - d. 1981)  NVP-PNP
Chairmen of the Council of Government
18 Apr 1951 -  8 Dec 1954  Moises Frumencio da Costa Gomez     (s.a.)               NVP-PNP
 8 Dec 1954 - 15 Dec 1954  Efraïn F. Jonckheer                 (b. 1917 - d. 1987)  DP
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (Prime ministers)
15 Dec 1954 - 14 Feb 1968  Efraïn F. Jonckheer                 (s.a.)               DP
14 Feb 1968 - Sep 1969     Ciro Domenico Kroon                 (b. 1916)            NVP-PNP
Sep 1969 - Dec 1969        Gerald Cornelius Sprockel           (b. 1919) 
Dec 1969 - Feb 1971        Ernesto Otilio Petronia             (b. 1916)            DP
Feb 1971 - Jun 1971        Ramez "Ronchi" Jorge Isa (1st time) (b. 1917 - d. 2005)  DP
Jun 1971 - Oct 1972        Otto R.A. Beaujon                   (b. 1915 - d. 1984)  NVP-PNP
Oct 1972 - Dec 1973        Ramez "Ronchi" Jorge Isa (2nd time) (s.a.)               DP
20 Dec 1973 - 30 Sep 1977  Juan Miguel Gregorio Evertsz        (b. 1923 - d. 2008)  NVP-PNP
1977                       Lucinda da Costa Gomez-Matheeuws (f)(b. 1929)            NVP-PNP
1977 - 14 Oct 1977         Leo A.I. Chance                     (b. 1932)            WIPM
14 Oct 1977 -  6 Jul 1979  Sylvius "Silvio" Gerard Marie       (b. 1928 - d. 2003)  DP
                             Rozendal 
 6 Jul 1979 - Dec 1979     Miguel Arcangel Pourier (1st time)  (b. 1938)            UPB
Dec 1979 - 18 Sep 1984     Dominico F. Martina (1st time)      (b. 1935)            MAN
18 Sep 1984 -  1 Jan 1986  Maria Liberia-Peters (f) (1st time) (b. 1941)            NVP-PNP
 1 Jan 1986 - 17 May 1988  Dominico F. Martina (2nd time)      (s.a.)               MAN
17 May 1988 - 25 Nov 1993  Maria Liberia-Peters (f) (2nd time) (s.a.)               NVP-PNP
25 Nov 1993 - 28 Dec 1993  Susanne Fransisca Coromoto          (b. 1959)            NVP-PNP
                             Camelia-Römer (f) (1st time) 
28 Dec 1993 - 31 Mar 1994  Alejandro "Jandi" Felippe Paula     (b. 1937)            NVP-PNP
31 Mar 1994 - 14 May 1998  Miguel Arcangel Pourier (2nd time)  (s.a.)               PAR
14 May 1998 -  8 Nov 1999  Susanne Fransisca Coromoto          (s.a.)               NVP
                             Camelia-Römer (f) (2nd time) 
 8 Nov 1999 -  3 Jun 2002  Miguel Arcangel Pourier (3rd time)  (s.a.)               PAR
 3 Jun 2002 - 22 Jul 2003  Etienne Ys (1st time)               (b. 1962)            PAR 
22 Jul 2003 - 11 Aug 2003  Bernhard "Ben" Komproe              (b. 1942 - d. 2004)  FOL
11 Aug 2003 -  3 Jun 2004  Mirna Louisa-Godett (f)             (b. 1954)            FOL
 3 Jun 2004  (hours)       Errol Antonio Cova                  (b. 1943)            PLKP
                             (acting for Godett) 
 3 Jun 2004 - 26 Mar 2006  Etienne Ys (2nd time)               (s.a.)               PAR
26 Mar 2006 -              Emily S. de Jongh-Elhage (f)        (b. 1946)            PAR
 

Allied Commanders of Aruba, Curacao and Netherlands Antilles
10 May 1940 - 28 Jan 1942  ....
28 Jan 1942 - Feb 1942     Peter C. Bullard (U.K.)
Feb 1942 - Aug 1942        Jesse B. Oldendorf (U.S.)
Aug 1942 - 1945            ....

Dutch West Indies Co. flag to 1795

Party abbreviations: DP = Demokratische Partij (Democratic Party, liberal, Curaçao);
DP-SE = Demokratiko Partido-St. Eustatius (Democratic Party of Sint Eustatius);
DP-SM = Demokratiko Partido-St. Maarten (Democratic Party of Sint Maarten); FOL = Partido Frente Obrero Liberashon 30 Di Mei (Party Workers' Liberation Front 30th of May, socialist, Curacao); MAN = Movimentu Antiyas Nobo (New Antilles Movement, social-democratic -Curaçao); NVP-PNP = Nationale Volkspartij/Partido Nashonal di Pueblo (National People's Party, christian-democratic, Curaçao); PAR = Partido Antia Restruktur (Party for the Restructured Antilles, centrist, Curaçao); PDB = Partido Demokratiko Boneiriano (Democratic Party of Bonaire); PLKP = Partido Laboral Krusada Popular (Labor Party People's Crusade, progressive, Curaçao); SIFOL = Soshal Independiente Frente Obrero de Liberashon (Social Independence-Workers' Liberation Front, socialist, Curaçao); UPB = Union Patritiko Boneiriano (Patriotic Union of Bonaire, Bonaire regionalist); WIPM = Winward Islands People's Movement (Saba regionalist); 
- Former parties: MASA = Movemento pa Adelanto Social Antillano (Movement for Social Advancement of Antillans, split from DP)