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Pakistani Princely
States
Note: This record is in four parts: (1) the Punjab and Sind states, those extinguished 12 Feb 1843 and those acceding to Pakistan upon its creation or shortly thereafter and extinguished 14 Oct 1955; (2) the four Balochistan states, acceding to Pakistan in Mar 1948 and forming the Balochistan States Union, and also extinguished 14 Oct 1955; (3) frontier states,
originally under Pakistani suzerainty but not incorporated into Pakistan (only major states are recorded here); and (4) Baltistan within Azad Kashmir (for the native rulers of Jammu and Kashmir see under India and for Punjab (Panjab) see under Indian Princely states).
Punjab and Sindh states
Bahawalpur
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![[Bahawalpur to 1945]](in-baha1.gif)
![[Bahawalpur]](in-bahaw.gif)
1690
Bahawalpur State founded.
22 Feb 1833
British protectorate.
7 Oct 1947
Bahawalpur accedes to Pakistan.
14 Oct 1955
State extinguished.
Emirs (full title from 5 Jan 1740, Nawwab Amir)
1690 - 1702
Bahadur Khan II
(b. 16.. - d. 1702)
1702 - 1723
Mobarak Khan I
(b. 16.. - d. 1726)
1723 - 11 Apr 1746
Sadeq Mohammad Khan I
(d. 1746)
11 Apr 1746 - 12 Jun 1750 Mohammad Bahawal Khan I
(d. 1750)
12 Jun 1750 - 4 Jun 1772 Mobarak Khan II
(d. 1772)
4 Jun 1772 - 13 Aug 1809 Mohammad Bahawal Khan II
(b. 1753 - d. 1809)
13 Aug 1809 - 17 Apr 1826 Sadeq Mohammad Khan II
(b. 1781 - d. 1826)
17 Apr 1826 - 19 Oct 1852 Mohammad Bahawal Khan III
(d. 1852)
19 Oct 1852 - 20 Feb 1853 Sadeq Mohammad Khan III
(d. 1861)
20 Feb 1853 - 3 Oct 1858 Fath Mohammad Khan
(d. 1858)
3 Oct 1858 - 25 Mar 1866 Mohammad Bahawal Khan IV
(d. 1866)
25 Mar 1866 - 14 Feb 1899 Sadeq Mohammad Khan IV
(b. 1862 - d. 1899)
25 Mar 1866 - 12 Feb 1879 Begum Sahiba (f) -Regent
(d. 1879)
14 Feb 1879 - 28 Nov 1879 .... -Regent
14 Feb 1899 - 15 Feb 1907 Mohammad Bahawal Khan V
(b. 1883 - d. 1907)
14 Feb 1899 - 12 Nov 1903 Leopold John Herbert Grey -Regent (b. 1840 - d. 1921)
(superintendent)
15
Feb 1907 - 14 Oct 1955 Sadeq Mohammad Khan V
(b. 1904 - d. 1966)
15 Feb 1907 - 1 Oct 1922 Maulvi Rahim Baksh -Regent
(president of the council of regency)
Prime ministers
1942 - 1947
Richard Marsh Crofton
(b. 1891 - d. 1955)
(from 1945, Sir Richard Marsh Crofton)
1948 - 1952
John Dring
(b. 1902 - d. 1991)
1952 - 1955
A.R. Khan
Sind (Sindh)
1053
State of as-Sind secedes from Ghaznavid empire.
1781/82
The Talpur clan displaces the Kalhora clan as rulers of Sind.
29 Nov 1834
British protectorate.
12 Feb 1843
Britain extinguishes the state, its territory being eventually
incorporated into British India and, from 15 Aug 1947,
into Pakistan.
Khans (often ruling jointly)
1783 - 1801
Mir Fath `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1801 - 1811
Gholam `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1801 - 1828
Karim `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1801 - 1833
Morad `Ali ibn Sobhdar
1833 - 1840
Nur Mohammad ibn Morad `Ali
1833 - 12 Feb 1843
Nasir Mohammad ibn Morad `Ali (b. 1805 -
d. 1845)
1833 - 12 Feb 1843
Sobhdar
1833 - 12 Feb 1843
Mohammad
1840 - 12 Feb 1843
Shahdad ibn Nur Mohammad
1840 - 12 Feb 1843
Hosayn `Ali ibn Nur Mohammad
British Resident in Lower Sind and later Upper Sind
1839 - 1843
James Outram
(b. 1803 - d. 1863)
Khayrpur (Khairpur)
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![[Khairpur c.1860/70]](khairp1.gif)
![[Khairpur to 1955]](pk-khairp.gif)
1783
Khayrpur State founded by branch of the Talpur clan ruling Sindh.
1813
Independence from Afghanistan.
25 Dec 1838
British protectorate.
15 Aug 1947
Khayrpur accedes to Pakistan.
14 Oct 1955
State extinguished.
Rulers (title Mir)
1783 - 1830
Sohrab Khan
(d. 1830)
1830 - 20 Dec 1842
Rostam `Ali Khan
(d. 1846)
(administrator from 1811)
1829 - 1839
Mobarak `Ali Khan (in rebellion)
1839 - 18..
Naser Khan (in rebellion)
20 Dec 1842 - 2 Apr 1894 `Ali Morad Khan
(b. 1815 - d. 1894)
2 Apr 1894 - 5 Mar 1909 Fa´iz Muhammad
Khan (I)
(b. 1837 - d. 1909)
5 Mar 1909 - 8 Feb 1921 Emam Bakhsh Khan
(b. 1860 - d. 1921)
8 Feb 1921 - 25 Dec 1935 `Ali Nawaz Khan
(b. 1884 - d. 1935)
(deprived of administration from Jun 1931)
25 Dec 1935 - 19 Jul 1947 Fa´iz Mohammad Khan (II)
(b. 1913 - d. 1954)
19 Jul 1947 - 14 Oct 1955 George `Ali Morad Khan
(b. 1933)
19 Jul 1947 - 16 Sep 1951 .... -Regent
Mirpur
1801
Mirpur state founded by branch of the Talpur clan.
12 Feb 1843
Britain extinguishes the state, its territory being eventually
incorporated into British India and, from 15 Aug 1947,
into Pakistan.
Rulers (title Mir)
1801 - 1829
Tharo Khan ibn Morad `Ali
1829 - 12 Feb 1843
Shir Mohammad ibn Tharo
Baluchistan states
1839
Eastern Baluchistan within British sphere of influence;
for Western Baluchistan see under Iran.
1 Oct 1887
Baluchistan a British protectorate, part of British India.
15 Aug 1947 - 1948
Ruler of Kalat declares Baluchistan independent.
3 Oct 1952 - 14 Oct 1955 The four Baluchistan states
form the Baluchistan States
Union, with the Wali of Kalat as Khan-e A`zam of the Union.
20 Jun 1958 - 1958
Ruler of Kalat again declares Baluchistan independent.
Kalat
![[Kalat]](pk-kelat.gif)
1638
Kalat State founded.
14 May 1854
Under British protection.
1876
British protectorate.
31 Mar 1948
Kalat accedes to Pakistan.
3 Oct 1952
Joins Baluchistan States Union.
14 Oct 1955
State extinguished.
Rulers (titles Wali, [and from 1739 Begler Begi] Khan)
1695 - 1714
Samander Khan
1714 - 1734
Abdullah Khan
1734 - 1749
Muhabat Khan
1749 - 1795
Hosayn Nasur Khan I
(d. 1794)
1795 - 1821
Mahmud Khan I
1821 - 13 Nov 1839
Mohammad Mehrab Khan II
(d. 1839)
1839 - 1840
Shah Nawaz Khan
1840 - 1857
Hosayn Nasir Khan II
1857 - Mar 1863
Khodadad Khan (1st time)
(b. 1838 - d. ....)
Mar 1863 - May 1864 Shirdil
Khan
(d. 1864)
May 1864 - 15 Aug 1893 Khodadad Khan (2nd
time)
10 Nov 1893 - 3 Nov 1931 Mahmud Khan II
(b. 1864 - d. 1931)
3 Nov 1931 - 10 Sep 1933 Mohammad A`zam Jan Khan
(d. 1933)
10 Sep 1933 - 14 Oct 1955 Ahmad Yar Khan (1st time)
(b. 1902 - d. 1979)
20 Jun 1958 - 1958
Ahmad Yar Khan (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(in rebellion)
British Agent
1945 - 1947
Tom Hickinbotham
(b. 1903 - d. 1983)
Las Bela
![[Las Bela (Princely state, british India)]](in-lasbe.gif)
1742
Las Bela State refounded.
17 Mar 1948
Las Bela accedes to Pakistan.
3 Oct 1952
Joins Baluchistan States Union.
14 Oct 1955
State extinguished.
Rulers (title Jam Saheb)
1742 - 1765
`Ali Khan I
1765 - 1776
Gholam Shah
1776 - 1818
Mir Khan I
1818 - 1830
`Ali Khan II
1830 - 1869
Mir Khan II (1st time)
1869 - 1886
`Ali Khan III (1st time)
(b. 1849 - d. 1896)
1886 - 1888
Mir Khan II (2nd time)
21 Jan 1888 - Jan 1896 `Ali Khan III (2nd
time) (s.a.)
May 1896 - 1921
Kamal Khan
Mar 1921 - 1937
Gholam Mohammad Khan
(b. 1895 - d. 1937)
1937 - 14 Oct 1955
Gholam Qader Khan
(b. 1920 - d. 1988)
Makran
![[Makran]](in-makra.gif)
....
Makran established as a vassal state of Kalat.
1917 - 1922
No rulers.
17 Mar 1948
Makran ceases being a vassal of Kalat and accedes to Pakistan.
3 Oct 1952
Joins Baluchistan States Union.
14 Oct 1955
State extinguished.
Ruler (title Nazem)
1898 - 1917
Mehr Allah Khan
1917 - 1922
No rulers
Rulers (title Nawwab)
1922 - 19..
A`zam Jan
19.. - 14 Oct 1955
Bai Khan Baloch Gikchi
(b. 1890 - d. 19..)
Kharan
![[Kharan (Princely state, british India)]](in-khara.gif)
bf.1697
Kharan established as a vassal state of Kalat.
1940
Kharan ceases being a vassal of Kalat.
17 Mar 1948
Kharan accedes to Pakistan.
3 Oct 1952
Joins Baluchistan States Union.
14 Oct 1955
State extinguished.
Rulers (title Mir; from 1921, Sardar Bahador Nawwab)
.... - ....
Dinar II
.... - ....
Shahdad I
.... - ....
Rahmat
1711 - 1747
Purdil
1747
`Abbas Khan II
1747 - 1759
Shahdad II
1796 - ....
Jahangir
1810 - 1833
`Abbas Khan III
1833 - 1885
Azad Khan
(b. 1793 - d. 1885)
1885 - Jun 1909
Nowruz Khan
(b. 1855 - d. 1909)
1909 - 19 Apr 1911
Mohammad Ya`qub Khan
(b. 18.. - d. 1911)
1911 - 14 Oct 1955
Habibullah Khan
(b. 1897)
Frontier states
British Political Agents in South Waziristan
(in Wana)
1895 - 1898
A.J. Grant
1898
A.W. Mercer
1899 - 1900
St.D. Watson
1900 - 1901
S.S. Waterfield
1901 - 1903
P.W. Johnston
1903 - 1904
Bowring
1905
Evelyn Howell
1905 - 1908
Crump
1908 - 1909
Patterson
1909 - 1910
James
1910 - 1914
Dodd
1914 - 1916
F.B. Copeland
1916 - 1919
J.A.O. Fitzpatrick (1st time)
1919 - 1920
Crosthwaite
1920 - 1921
J.A.O. Fitzpatrick (2nd time)
1921 - 1923
A.E.B. Parsons
1923 - 1924
J.W. Thomson-Glover
1924 - 1925
W.R. Hay (1st time)
1925
K.B. Maulvi Ahmad Din
1925 - 1928
W.R. Hay (2nd time)
1928 - 1930
C.E.U. Bremner
1930 - 1934
H.H. Johnson
1934 - 1937
H.A. Barnes (1st time)
1937 - 1938
Abdur Rahim (1st time)
1938
H.A. Barnes (2nd time)
1938 - 1940
Abdur Rahim (2nd time)
1940 - 1942
A.J. Dring
1942 - 1943
C.B. Duke
1943
P.J. Duncan
1943 - 1946
G.C.S. Curtis
1946
J.O.S. Donald
1946
R.V.E. Hodson
1946 - 1947
W.G. Raw
Amb (Tanawal)
![[flag of Tanawal State, commonly known as Amb]](pk-amb.gif)
....
Tanawal State, commonly known as Amb, founded.
1948
Under Pakistani suzerainty.
28 Jul 1969
Incorporated into Pakistan.
1973
Royalty extinguished.
Rulers (title Mir; from 1868, Nawwab)
.... - 1803
Haibat Khan
1803 - 18..
Hashim Aji Khan
18.. - 1818
Nawwab Khan
(d. 1818)
1818 - 1840
Payenda Khan
(d. 1840)
1840 - 1858
Jahandad Khan
1858 - 1907
Mohammad Akram Khan
(from 1868 personal style Nawab Bahadur)
1907 - 26 Feb 1936
Zaman Khan
(d. 1936)
1936 - 1971
Mohammad Farid Khan
(d. 1971)
1971 - 1973
Saeed Khan
(d. 1973)
1973
Salahuddin Khan
Chitral
![[Chitral]](chitral.gif)
1585
Chitral State refounded by Katur dynasty.
1634 - 1712
Under Badakhshan (see Afghanistan).
19 Apr 1895 British protectorate.
1947
Under Pakistani suzerainty.
28 Jul 1969
Incorporated into Pakistan (formally 1 Jan 1971).
Rulers (title Mehtar)
1698 - 1701 Shah Alam
1701 - 1717 Shah Mohammad Shafi
1717 - 1724 Shah Faramarz Khuswaqte
1724 - 1754
Shah Afzal I
1754 - 1760
Shah Fadl
1760 - 1761
Shah Nawaz Khan (1st time)
1761 - 1786
Shah Khairullah Khuswaqte (d. c.1818)
1786 - 1788
Shah Nawaz Khan (2nd time)
1788 - 1818
Mohammad Mohtaram Shah II
1818 - 1833 Shah Nawaz Khan
1833 - 1837 Mohtaram
Shah II
(d. 1837)
1837 - 1853
Shah Afzal II
(d. 1853)
1853 - 1858
Mohammad Mohtaram Shah III (d. 1858)
1858 - 30 Aug 1892
Shah Mohammad Aman al-Molk II (d. 1892)
30 Aug 1892 - 1 Dec 1892 Mohammad Afzal al-Molk
(d. 1892)
1 Dec 1892 - 12 Dec 1892 Shir Afzal Khan
(d. bf.1923)
12 Dec 1892 - 1 Jan 1895 Mohammad Nizam al-Molk
(b. c.1821 - d. 1895)
1 Jan 1895 - 1 May 1895 Mohammad Amin al-Molk
(b. 1878 - d. 1924)
1 May 1895 - 13 Oct 1936 Mohammad Shoja` al-Molk
(b. 1882 - d. 1936)
13 Oct 1936 - 29 Jun 1943 Mohammad Naser al-Molk
(b. 1897 - d. 1943)
29 Jun 1943 - 7 Jan 1949 Mohammad Mozaffar al-Molk
(b. 1901 - d. 1949)
7 Jan 1949 - 14 Oct 1954 Sayf ar-Rahman
(b. 1926 - d. 1954)
14 Oct 1954 - 28 Jul 1969 Mohammad Naser Sayf al-Molk
(b. 1950)
14 Oct 1954 - May 1966 Shahzada Asad ar-Rahman
-Regent (b. 1928 - d. 2005)
Dir (Dhir)
![[Dir state]](pk-dir_3.gif)
....
Dir (Dhir) State founded.
1947
Under Pakistani suzerainty.
28 Jul 1969
Incorporated into Pakistan.
Rulers (title Khan; from Jun 1897, Nawwab Khan Bahador)
.... - ....
Gholam Khan Baba
.... - ....
Zafar Khan
.... - ....
Qasem Khan
1863 - 1874
Ghazzan Khan
1875 - 1886
Rahmat Allah Khan
(d. 1884)
1886 - 1890
Mohammad Sharif Khan (1st time) (d. 1904)
1890 - 1895
Mohammad `Omara Khan
(b. 1882 - d. 1903)
1895 - Dec 1904
Mohammad Sharif Khan (2nd time) (s.a.)
Dec 1904 - Feb 1925 Awrangzeb
Badshah Khan
(d. 1925)
Feb 1925 - 9 Nov 1960 Mohammad Shah
Jahan Khan
(b. 1890? - d. 1960)
9 Nov 1960 - 28 Jul 1969 Mohammad Shah Khosru Khan
Hunza
![[Hunza]](pk-hunza.gif)
15..
Hunza State founded.
1891
Under suzerainty of Kashmir.
25 Sep 1974
Incorporated into Pakistan.
Rulers (title Mir)
.... - ....
Salim Khan I
.... - .... Hari Thum Khan
.... - ....
Shah Sultan Khan
1710 - 17..
Shahbaz Khan
17.. - 17.. Shah Khan II
17.. - 17.. Ghulam Nasir Khan
17.. - 17..
Shahbeg Khan
175. - 179.
Shah Khisro Khan
179.
Mirza Khan
179. - 1825
Salim Khan II
(d. 1825)
1825 - 1864
Ghazanfar `Ali Khan
(d. 1864)
1864 - 1886
Mohammad Ghazan Khan I (d. 1886)
1886 - 15 Sep 1892
Safdar `Ali Khan
(d. 1930)
15 Sep 1892 - 22 Jul 1938 Mohammad Nazim Khan
(b. 1861 - d. 1938)
22 Jul 1938 - 1946
Mohammad Ghazan Khan II (b. 1895 -
d. 1946)
1946 - 25 Sep 1974
Mohammad Jamal Khan
(b. 1930 - d. 1976)
Nagar
13..
Nagar State founded.
25 Sep 1974
Incorporated into Pakistan.
Rulers (title Mir)
.... - ....
Fadl Khan
.... - ....
Da`ud Khan
.... - ....
`Ali Dad Khan (1st time)
.... - ....
Hari Tham Khan
.... - ....
`Ali Dad Khan (2nd time)
.... - ....
Kamal Khan
.... - ....
Rahim Khan I
.... - 1839
Rahim Khan II
(d. 1839)
1839 - 1891
Ja`far Zahed Khan (1st time) (d. 1904)
1891 - 1892
Raja Ozor Khan (acting)
1892 - 1904
Ja`far Zahed Khan (2nd time) (s.a.)
1905 - 17 Mar 1940
Raja Mir Eskandar Khan
1940 - 25 Sep 1974
Showkat `Ali Khan
(d. 2003)
1828 Phulra founded when ruler of Amb grants
area of Phulra to his brother.
1919 Recognized as a state
1950? State extinguished.
Nawabs
1828 - ... Madad Khan
.... - .... ....
.... - .... ....
c.1909 - 1950? Ata Muhammed Khan
Swat
![[Swat]](pk-swat.gif)
Note: Swat had been ruled sporadically by religious leaders (akhonds). The "secular" state was established 1849 and was in abeyance 1857-1915.
1849
Swat "secular" state founded.
1863 - 28 Apr 1914
State in abeyance.
3 May 1926
Recognized as a fully-fledged princely state.
1947
Under Pakistani suzerainty.
28 Jul 1969
State extinguished.
Rulers (title Amir-e Shariyat; from Nov 1918, Badshah;
from 3 May 1926, Wali)
1849 - 1 May 1857
Sayyed Akbar Shah
(b. 1793 - d. 1857)
1 May 1857 - 1863
Sayyed Mubarak Shah Sahib
1863 - 28 Apr 1914
Interregnum
28 Apr 1914 - Sep 1917 Sayyed `Abd al-Jabbar
Khan (b. c.1880 - d. 19..)
Sep 1917 - 12 Dec 1949 Miyangol Golshahzada
`Abd al-Wadud (b. 1881 - d. 1971)
12 Dec 1949 - 28 Jul 1969 Miyangol `Abd al-Haqq Jahanzib
(b. 1908 - d. 1987)
Azad Kashmir
Baltistan
12..
sBal-ti (a Western Tibetan kingdom) founded.
1780 - 1785 Occupied by Shigar.
May 1840
Baltistan becomes subject to Jammu, later Jammu and Kashmir,
now Azad Kashmir.
Kings (title rGyal-po)
1680 - 1710 Shir Khan
1710 - 1745 Muhammad Rafi
1745 - 1780 Sultan Murad II
1780 - 1785 `Azam Khan
1785 - 1787 Muhammad Zafar Khan
1787 - 1800
`Ali Shir Shah
1800 - 1841
Ahmed Shah (d. 1841)
1841 - ....
Mahmud Shah
.... - ....
`Ali Shah
.... - ....
Shah `Abbas
Gilgit
![[Islamic Republic of Gilgit, 1947]](pk-Gilgit1947.gif)
1 Nov 1947 - 16 Nov 1947
....
Gilgit state established in remote (legendary) antiquity.
1842 - 1846
Occupied by Sikhs.
1846
Gilgit becomes subject to Jammu, later Jammu and Kashmir,
now Azad Kashmir.
18.. - 1860
Ruled by Chitral.
1860
Restored to Jammu and Kashmir.
1 Nov 1947 Islamic Republic of Gilgit proclaimed (claiming the area
of Gilgit-Baltistan, several princely states,
Kargil
and Ladakh), with aim of joining Pakistan.
16 Nov 1947 Pakistan take possession.
Rulers (title Raas)
1689 - 1705 Malika Jawar Khatun
1705 - 1800 Raja Shah Goritham
1800 - 1802 Sulaiman Shah (1st time)
1802 - 1822 Raja Muhammad Khan
1822 - 1825 Raja Abbas Khan (Raja Asghar Khan)
1825 - 1826 Sulaiman Shah (2nd time)
1826 - 1828 Malika Sahibnuma (f)
1826 - 182. Izzat Khan of Purnial -Regent
182. - 1828 Raja Tahir Shah of Nagar -Regent
1828 - 1836 Raja Tahir Shah
1836 - 1840 Raja Shah Sikandar
1840 - 1842 Gohar Aman
1842 - 1844 Raja Karim Khan
1844 - 1847 Raja Muhammad
Khan II (d. 1847)
1847 - 1848 Raja Malik Aman
President
1 Nov 1947 - 16 Nov 1947 Raja Shah Rais Khan
British Political Agents for Gilgit
1878 - 1881 John Biddulph (b. 1840 - d. 1922)
1881 - 1889 agency closed
17 Jul 1889 - 1 Nov 1893 Algernon George Arnold Durand (b. 1854 - d. 1923)
2 Nov 1893 - 26 Jan 1894 A.M.C. Bruce (acting)
27 Jan 1894 - 28 Sep 1896 George Scott Robertson
29 Jul 1896 - 13 Aug 1897 S.H. Godfrey
14 Aug 1897 - 30 Sep 1898 Arthur Henry MacMahon (b. 1862 - d. 1949)
1 Oct 1898 - 21 Oct 1901 John Manners Smith
22 Oct 1901 - 18 Oct 1903 William H.M.S. Stewart
19 Oct 1903 - 4 Oct 1906 Bertrand Evelyn Mollish
Gurdon
15 Oct 1906 - Apr 1908 A.F. Bruce
Apr 1908 - Oct 1908 A.D. Macpherson (1st time)
(acting)
28 Oct 1908 - 29 May 1911 Armine Brereton Dew (b. 1867 - d. 1941)
30 May 1911 - 12 Oct 1916 A.D. Macpherson (2nd time)
13 Oct 1916 - 20 May 1917 E.H.C. James
21 May 1917 - 22 Sep 1920 C.A. Smith
23 Sep 1920 - 20 Sep 1924 D.C.R. Lorimer (b. 1870 - d. 1962)
21 Sep 1924 - 10 Oct 1927 Gordon Loch
11 Oct 1927 - 28 Sep 1931 Herbert J. Todd
29 Sep 1931 - 21 Sep 1934 George Van Baerle Gillan (b. 1890 - d. 1974)
22 Sep 1934 - 4 Oct 1937 George Kirkbride
5 Oct 1937 - 13 Jun 1939 Ian W. Galbraith
14 Jun 1939 - 2 Oct 1939 R.K.M. Battye (acting)
3 Oct 1939 - 8 Jul 1942 G.C.L. Crichton
8 Jul 1942 - 5 Sep 1945 Evelyn H. Cobb
5 Sep 1945 - 31 Jul 1947 R.N. Bacon
Governor (for the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir)
1 Aug 1947 - 1 Nov 1947 Ghansara Singh
©2000 Ben Cahoon