Moldova
-
- to 28 May 1812
-
|
-
- 28 May 1812 - 6
Feb 1918
-
|
-
- 23 Dec 1917 - 8
Apr 1918
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|
-
- 23 Dec 1917 - 10
Dec 1918 State
Flag
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- 9 Apr 1918 - 28
Jun 1940;
- 17 Jul 1941 - 24
Aug 1944
|
-
- 28 Jun 1940 - 17
Jul 1941;
- 24 Aug 1944 - 25
Dec 1991
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-
- 27 Apr 1990 - 6
Nov 1990 Provisional
-
|
-
- Adopted 6 Nov
1990
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-
-
|
Map
of Moldova
|
Hear
National Anthem
"Limba Noastră"
(Our Language)
Adopted 7 Jun 1994
|
Hear
Former Anthem
"Deşteaptă-te, Române!"
(Wake up,
Romanian)
(1917-1918, 1991-7 Jun
1994)
(also anthem of Romain) |
Constitution
(29 Jul 1994)
|
Capital:
Chişinău (Chisinau)
(Kishinëv
[Kishinyov] 1940-1990;
Kagul [Cahul]
27 Mar - 24 Aug 1944)
(Bessarabian SSR: Tiraspol
11 May - 25 Aug 1919,
Odessa 5-11 May 1919;
27 Mar-24 Aug 1844 Cahul)
|
Currency:
Moldovan Leu
(MDL); 1992-93
Moldovan
Leu Cupon (MDC); 1991-92
Moldovan Ruble Cupon (MDR)
|
National
Holiday: 27 Aug (1991)
Ziua Independenței
(Independence Day)
|
Population:
3,437,720
(2018)
1,936,392 (1897)
|
GDP:
$23.7 billion (2017)
|
Exports:
$1.85 billion (2017)
Imports: $4.27
billion (2017)
|
Ethnic groups:
Moldovan 75.1%, Romanian 6.6%,
Ukrainian
4.6%, Gagauz 4.1%, Russian 1.9%,
Bulgarian 0.3%,
others 0.5% (2014)
|
Total Active
Armed Forces: 5,998 (2010)
Russian Forces in
Transnistria: 1,500 (2012)
Merchant marine:
151 ships (2018)
|
Religions:
Orthodox 96.8%, Baptists 1.0%,
Jehovah's
Witness 0.7%, Pentecostal 0.4%,
Seventh-day Adventist 0.3%,
Roman Catholics 1%. atheists
and non-religious
(agnostics) 0.2% (2014)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties:
APM, BSEC, BTWC, CCM, CD, CE, CEFTA,
CEI, CFE, CIS, CTBT, CWC, DC, EAEU (observer), EAPC,
EBRD, ESCR, EU (applicant), Eutelsat,
FAO, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
ICC, ICCt, ICSID, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC,
IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,
IOM, IPU, IRENA,
ISA, ISO (correspondent), ITU,
ITUC, LU, MIGA, NPT, OIF, OPCW, OSCE,
PFP, SECP, SELEC, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WTO
|
Moldova Index
|
Chronology
c.803 - 9..
Bulgarian rule.
9.. - 10..
Pechenegs (Paçinaq) rule.
10.. - 1241
Cuman-Kipchak rule.
1241 - 13..
Mongol rule.
13..
Part of Principality
of Moldavia (Țara Moldovei)
(see Romania).
1541
Moldavia
part of the Ottoman Empire.
28 May
1812
Annexed by Russia;
the term "Bessarabia"
(Bessarabiya) appears for the
first time to
designate the
former Eastern half of Moldavia
(Old Style date 16 May 1812).
11 May
1818
Establishment of the Bessarabian
oblast
(Bessarabskaya oblast')
- for the first time the
territory of Bessarabia is
organized as a separate
political entity (Old Style date 29
Apr 1918)(with
local autonomy until 12 Mar 1828
[Old Style 29
Feb 1828]) under special By-laws [Ustav])
(subordinated to the Governorate-general
of
Novorossiya and Bessarabia 12 May
1822-1874).
30 Mar
1856
Following the Crimean war, Russia is
forced to cede
the South-western corner of Bugeac
(Ismail,
Cahul and Bolgrad counties) back to
the
Principality of Moldavia.
28 Oct 1873
Reorganized as the
Bessarabian governorate
(Bessarabskaya guberniya).
13 Jul
1878
Counties of Ismail, Cahul and
Bolgrad are returned
to Russia.
15 Dec
1917
Declaration of
republic is passed by the National
Diet (as part of
a Russian federative democratic
republic); Moldavian
Democratic Republic
(Republica Democratică
Moldovenească [Moldavskaya
Narodnaya Respublika])(Old
Style date 2 Dec 1917).
14 Jan
1918 - 26 Jan 1918 Bolshevik
Romanian Front Committee
("Rumcherod")
units take power in Kishinev
(Old Style dates
1-13 Jan 1918)(see under Ukraine).
26 Jan
1918
Rumania
occupies Kishinyov (Kishinev)(by 10
Mar 1918
all of Bessarabia)(Old Style 13 Jan
1918).
6
Feb
1918
Declaration of
independence is passed by
the
National Diet (Sfatul Țării)(Old
Style date 24
Jan 1918).
9
Apr
1918
Incorporation into Rumania
as Bessarabia (Basarabia)
(Old Style
27 Mar 1918), act of unification
with
Romania as autonomy is passed by the
National Diet
(autonomous until
10 Dec 1918 [Old Style date 27
Nov 1918]).
23 Apr
1918
Royal decree on unification of
22 Apr 1918 is
promulgated in Rumania (Old
Style 10 Apr 1918).
5 May 1919 - 25 Aug
1919 Bessarabian Socialist
Soviet Republic proclaimed in
exile at Odessa, claiming the former
Bessarabian
governorate, as part of the Russian
S.F.S.R., with
provisional exile headquarters at
Tiraspol.
1 Jan 1920
Parliamentary act of
unification is promulgated in
Rumania
(passed by parliament on 29 Dec
1919,
and
signed by the King on 31 Dec 1919).
20 Oct 1920
Rumanian annexation
internationally recognized
(but
not recognized by Russian S.F.S.R.
or Soviet
Union).
11 Oct
1924
Moldavian
A.S.S.R. established
within the
Ukrainian S.S.R. by the Soviet
Union.
28
Jun 1940 - 2 Aug 1940
Bessarabia
occupied by Soviet Union.
2 Aug
1940
Annexed by the Soviet
Union as Moldavian
Soviet
Socialist Republic
(Republica Sovietică Socialistă
Moldovenească/Moldavskaya
Sovetskaya
Socialističeskaya Respublika)(see
below).
2 Jul
1941
Rumanian invasion begins (Chisinau
occupied 16 Jul
1941).
16 Jul 1941 - 31 Jul 1941
Bessarabia
occupied by Rumania.
1 Aug 1941
- 24 Aug 1944 Incorporated
into Rumania
as the Bessarabia
governorate (Guvernământul
Basarabiei).
24 Aug 1944
Re-incorporation into the Soviet
Union
(recognized by Romania 15 Sep 1947).
1 Sep 1989
Moldovan/Romanian is
made the state language, using
Latin script.
5 Jun 1990
Soviet Socialist Republic of
Moldova (Republica
Sovietică Socialistă Moldova).
23 Jun 1990
Declaration of
state sovereignty.
2 Sep
1990
Transnistria
declares independence from Moldova
(not recognized).
23 May
1991
Republic of Moldova (Republica
Moldova).
27 Aug
1991
Independence declared.
26 Dec
1991
Independence effective (dissolution
of U.S.S.R.).
6 Mar
1994
Referendum rejects union with
Romania by 97.9%.
|
Moldova
(1917-1918,
from 1990)
|
Moldavian
Soviet Socialist
Republic
(1940-1991)
|
- Transnistria
- (Pridnestrovie)
- (1924-1940,
- from 1990)
|
Gagauzia
|
Bessarabia
(1812-1917)
|
Orthodox
Church
of
Moldova
|
Bessarabian
Orthodox
Church
|
Moldovan
Ethnic
Groups
Map
|
Historical
Map
of
Moldova
|
Map of Bessarabia
1918-1940 |
Calendar Note:
Dates are given according
to the
New Style (Gregorian) calendar. Russia
used the Old Style (Julian) calendar until
1 Feb/14 Feb 1918, as did Romania until 4
Mar/18 Mar 1920.
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic |
2 Aug
1940 - 31 Jan 1952
|
11 Apr
1952 - 12 May 1990
|
Capital: Kishinëv (Kishinyov)
(Chişinău)
(Kagul [Cahul]
27 Mar - 24 Aug 1944) |
Hear
Anthem
"Gosudarstvennyy Gimn Moldavskoy SSR"/
"Imnul de Stat al
RSS
Moldoveneşti"
(State Anthem of the
Moldavian SSR)
(1945-1991)
|
Constitution
(15 Apr 1978) |
Population: 3,947,000 (1980)
|
Note: Russian names with Moldavian/Romanian
in parentheses until 1 Sep 1989, then
Moldavian/Romanian names with Russian
in parentheses.
2 Aug
1940
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (Republica
Sovietică
Socialistă Moldovenească/Moldavskaya
Sovetskaya
Socialističeskaya Respublika)
is formed from the
Moldavian A.S.S.R. and (formerly
Romanian) Bessarabia.
2 Aug
1940
Accession to the Soviet Union (see under Russia).
10 Feb
1941
Cyrillic introduced for the Moldavian language.
1 Sep 1989
Moldovan/Romanian is made the state language, using
Latin script.
5 Jun
1990
Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova (Republica
Sovietică
Socialistă Moldova).
16 Jul 1941 - 24 Aug 1944
Rumanian
occupation and annexation.
1 Sep 1989
Moldovan/Romanian
is made the state language.
23 May
1991
Republic of Moldova (Republica
Moldova).
27 Aug
1991
Independence declared.
First Secretaries of the Central Committee
of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Moldavia
14 Aug 1940 - 27 Jan 1945 Pyotr Grigoryevich
Borodin (b. 1905
- d. 1986)
(Piotr Borodin) (acting to 4 Sep 1940)
(in Russian S.F.S.R. exile 16 Jul 1941
- 24 Aug 1944)
27 Jan 1945 - 20 Jul 1946 Nikita
Leontyevich
Salogor
(b. 1901 - d. 1981)
(Nikita Salogor) (acting)
20 Jul 1946 - 6 Jul 1950 Nikolay
Grigoryevich Koval' (b.
1904 - d. 1970)
(Nicolae Covali)
6 Jul 1950 - 13 Oct 1952 Leonid Ilyich
Brezhnev
(b. 1906 - d. 1982)
(Leonid Brejnev)
First Secretaries of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party of Moldavia
(from Jun 1990, Communist Party of Moldova)
13 Oct 1952 - 25 Oct 1952 Leonid
Ilyich Brezhnev
(s.a.)
25 Oct 1952 - 6 Feb 1954 Dmitriy
Spiridonovich Gladkiy (b. 1911 -
d. 1959)
(Dimitrie Gladki)
6 Feb 1954 - 29 May 1961 Zinoviy
Timofeyevich
Serdyuk (b. 1903 -
d. 1982)
(Zinovie Serdiuc)
29 May 1961 - 22 Dec 1980 Ivan Ivanovich Bodyul
(b.
1918 - d. 2013)
(Ion Bodiul)
22 Dec 1980 - 16 Nov 1989 Semyon Kuz'mich Grossu
(b.
1934)
(Semion Grossu)
16 Nov 1989 - 4 Feb 1991 Pyotr Kirillovich
Luchinskiy (b.
1940)
(Petru Lucinschi)
4 Feb 1991 - 23 Aug 1991 Grigore
Isidor Eremei
(b. 1935)
(Grigoriy Isidorovich Yeremey)
("leading role" of the party abolished 10 May
1990)
Chairman of the Bessarabian Provisional
Revolutionary Committee
2 Aug 1940 - 10
Feb 1941 Sergey Danilovich
Burlachenko (b. 1899 -
d. 1962) KPU-B;
(Serghei Burlacenco)
Aug 1940 PCM
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
10 Feb 1941 - 28 Mar 1951 Fyodor Grigoryevich
Brovko (b.
1904 - d. 1960) PCM-B
(Fedor Brovko)
(in Russian S.F.S.R. exile 16 Jul
1941 - 24 Aug 1944)
28 Mar 1951 - 3 Apr 1963 Ivan
Sergeyevich
Koditsa
(b. 1899 - d. 1980) PCM-B;1952
(Ion
Codiţă)
PCM
3 Apr 1963 - 10 Apr 1980
Kirill Fyodorovich Ilyashenko
(b. 1915 - d. 1980) PCM
(Chiril Iliaşenko)
10 Apr 1980 - 24 Dec 1985 Ivan
Petrovich
Kalin
(b. 1935 - d. 2012) PCM
(Ivan Călin)
24 Dec 1985 - 12 Jul 1989 Aleksandr
Aleksandrovich Mokanu (b.
1934)
PCM
(Alexandru Mocanu)
12 Jul 1989 - 29 Jul 1989 Ivan
Konstantinovich Chyoban
(b. 1927 - d. 2001) PCM
(Ion Ciobanu) (acting)
29 Jul 1989 - 27 Apr 1990 Mircha Ivanovich
Snegur
(b.
1940)
PCM
(Mircea Ion Snegur)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
27 Apr 1990 - 3 Sep 1990 Mircea
Ion Snegur
(s.a.)
PCM;Jun 1990
President
Non-party
3 Sep 1990 - 27 Aug 1991 Mircea Ion
Snegur
(s.a.)
Non-party
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
10 Feb 1941 - 19 Apr 1945 Tikhon Antonovich
Konstantinov (b. 1898 - d.
1957) PCM-B
(Tihon Constantinov)
(in Russian S.F.S.R. exile 16
Jul 1941 - 24 Aug 1944)
19 Apr 1945 - 4 Apr 1946 Nikolay
Grigoryevich Koval'
(s.a.)
PCM-B
(Nicolae Covali)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
4 Apr 1946 - 19 Jul 1946
Nikolay Grigoryevich Koval'
(s.a.)
PCM-B
19 Jul 1946 - 23 Jan 1958 Gerasim Yakovlevich
Rud'
(b. 1907 - d. 1982) PCM-B;1952
(Gherasim
Rudi)
PCM
23 Jan 1958 - 24 Apr 1970 Aleksandr
Filippovich Diorditsa (b. 1911 - d.
1996) PCM
(Alexandru Diordiţă)
24 Apr 1970 - 1 Sep 1976 Pyotr Andreyevich
Paskar (1st time)(b.
1929)
PCM
(Petru Pascari)
1 Sep 1976 - 31 Dec 1980 Semyon Kuz'mich
Grossu
(s.a.)
PCM
(Semion Grossu)
31 Dec 1980 - 24 Dec 1985 Ivan Grigoryevich
Ustiyan
(b.
1939)
PCM
(Ion Ustian)
24 Dec 1985 - 10 Jan 1990
Ivan Petrovich
Kalin
(s.a.)
PCM
(Ivan Petru Călin)
10 Jan 1990 - 24 May 1990 Pyotr Andreyevich
Paskar (2nd
time)(s.a.)
PCM
(Petru Andrei Pascari)
25 May 1990 - 5 Jun 1990 Mircha
Georgiyevich Druk
(b.
1941)
FPM
(Mircea Gheorghe Druc)
Prime ministers
5 Jun 1990 - 28 May 1991 Mircea Gheorghe
Druc
(s.a.)
FPM
28 May 1991 - 27 Aug 1991 Valeriu
Tudor Muravschi
(b. 1949 - d. 2020) FPM
(Valeriy Fyodorovich Muravskiy)
Party abbreviations: FPM
= Frontul Popular din Moldova (Popular
Front of Moldova, Moldovan/Romanian nationalist,
succeeded by Christian Democratic Popular
Front, 1989-1992); PCM =
Partiya Kommunisticheskaya Moldovey/Partidulul
Comunist al Moldovei (Communist Party of Moldovia,
communist, former PCM-B, from Jun 1990 Communist
Party of Moldova, 13
Oct 1952-23 Aug 1991, banned
1991-93);
- Former parties: KPU-B
= Komunistychna Partiya
(Bil'shovykiv) Ukraïny/Kommunisticheskaya
Partiya (Bol'shevikov)
Ukrainy/Partidul
Komunist al Ukrainej (Communist Party [Bolsheviks]
of Ukraine, communist, 1
Mar 1919 separated from Russian Communist
Party, Jul 1918-13 Oct 1952, renamed Komunistychna
Partiya Ukraïny [Communist Party of
Ukraine]); PCM-B
= Partidului Comunist (Bolşevic) din
Moldova/Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)
Moldavii (Communist Party [Bolsheviks] of Moldavia,
communist, 15 Aug 1940-13 Oct 1952, renamed PCM)
Moldova
Stadholders of Bessarabia (title Namestnik)(with
rights of governor-general)
26 May 1816 - 15 Jun 1820 Aleksey
Nikolayevich Bakhmetyev (b. 1774 -
d. 1841)
15 Jun 1820 - 17 Jul 1822 Ivan Nikitich
Inzov
(b. 1768 – d. 1845)
Governors-general of Novorossiya and Bessarabia
(in Odessa)
17 Jul 1822 - 1874 the
Governors-general of Novorossiya
Russian Governors of Bessarabia [dates in OS
style calendar]
23 Jul 1812 - 17 Jun 1813 Skarlat
Dmitriyevich
Sturdza (b. c.1750
- d. 1816)
(= Scarlat Dimitrie Sturdza)
17 Jun 1813 - Oct 1817 Ivan
Markovich
Garting
(b. 1768 - d. 1831)
(Johann Festus Harting)
Oct 1817 - 30 Dec 1817 Matvey
Yegorovich
Krupenskiy (b.
1775 - d. 1855)
(acting)
30 Dec 1817 - 11 May 1818 Konstantin Antonovich
Katakazi (b. 1775 - d. 1826)
(Constantin Catacazi)
Russian Governors of Bessarabia Oblast (from
1873, Guberniya)[dates
in OS style calendar]
11 May 1818 - 26 Aug 1825 Konstantin
Antonovich Katakazi (s.a.)
4 Sep 1825 - 12 Jan 1828 Vasiliy
Fyodorovich Timkovskiy (b. 1781 -
d. 1832)
17 Jan 1828 - 30 Jul 1828 Aleksandr
Mikhaylovich Turgenev (b. 1772 - d.
1863)
30 Jul 1828 - 2 Nov 1828 Yevgraf
Nikiforovich Golubtsov (b. 1777 -
d. 1835)
(acting)
2 Nov 1828 - 24 Mar 1829 Nikolay
Prokofyevich Prazhevskiy (b. 1787 - d.
1849)
24 Mar 1829 - 17 Apr 1833 Akinfiy
Ivanovich Sorokunskiy (b. 1781 -
d. 18..)
16 Jul 1833 - 28 Aug 1834 Pavel
Ivanovich Averin
(b. 1775 - d. 1849)
28 Aug 1834 - 29 May 1854 Pavel
Ivanovich
Fyodorov
(b. 1791 - d. 1855)
15 Jul 1854 - 10 Nov 1857 Mikhail
Sergeyevich Ilinskiy
(d. 1865)
10 Nov 1857 - 19 Dec 1862 Mikhail
L'vovich Fanton-de-Verrayon(b. 1804 - d.
1887)
28 Dec 1862 - 1 Aug 1863 Ivan
Osipovich Baron Velio
(b. 1830 - d. 1899)
1 Aug 1863 - 30 Nov 1867 Platon
Aleksandrovich Antonovich (b. 1811 - d.
1883)
5 Dec 1867 - 3 Jun 1871
Yegor Yegorovich Gangard (Gangardt)(b.
1812 - d. 1882)
3 Jun 1871 - 27 Feb 1879 Nikolay
Ignatyevich Shebeko (b.
1834 - d. 1905)
27 Feb 1879 - 15 May 1879 Sergey
Fyodorovich Tanskiy (acting)(b. 1813 - d.
....)
15 May 1879 - 12 Aug 1881 Evgeniy
Osipovich Yankovskiy
(b. 1837 - d. 1892)
16 Aug 1881 - 30 Jun 1883 Modest
Mavrikiyevich Koniar (b.
1827 - d. 1890)
30 Jun 1883 - 4 Jul 1899 Aleksandr
Petrovich Konstantinovich(b. 1832 - d. 1903)
10 Jul 1899 - 30 May 1903 Vikentiy
Samoylovich fon Raaben (b. 1843 - d.
af.1917)
(Vinzenz von Raaben)
30 May 1903 - 31 Oct 1907 Knyaz' Sergey
Dmitriyevich Urusov (b. 1862 -
d. 1937)
31 Oct 1904 - 11 Oct 1908 Aleksey
Nikolayevich Kharuzin
(b. 1864 - d. 1932)
11 Oct 1908 - 7 May 1912 Graf Ivan
Viktorovich Kankrin (b. 1860
- d. 1920) RS
7 May 1912 - 22 Sep 1915 Mikhail
Eduardovich Gil'khen (b. 1868 -
d. 1945) Non-party
(Hilchen)
22 Sep 1915 - 6 Mar 1917 Mikhail
Mikhaylovich Voronovich (b. 1868 - d.
1918) Non-party
Commissars of the Provisional Government in
Bessarabia
6 Mar 1917 - Oct
1917 Konstantin
Aleksandrovich Mimi (b.
1868 - d. 1935) Non-party
(= Constantin Alexandru Mimi)
Oct 1917 - 15 Dec 1917 Ivan
Konstantinovich Inkulets
(b. 1884 - d. 1940)
PSR
(= Ion Constantin Inculeţ)
President of the National Diet
15 Dec 1917 - 14 Jan 1918
Ion Constantin Inculeţ (1st time)
(s.a.)
PSR
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the
Soviet of the Bessarabian Governorate
(subordinated to the "Rumcherod" in Odessa)
14 Jan 1918 - 26 Jan 1918 Yakov
Denisovich
Meleshin
(b. 1884 - d. 1918) RSDRP-B
(in office Nov 1917 – Mar 1918)
Presidents of the National Diet (also
known as the Assembly of the Land)
26 Jan 1918 - 16 Apr 1918 Ion
Constantin Inculeţ (2nd time) (s.a.)
PSR
16 Apr 1918 - 8 Dec 1918
Constantin Gheorghe Stere
(Sterea) (b. 1865 - d. 1936) PTB
8 Dec 1918 - 10 Dec 1918
Pantelimon "Pan" Nicolae Halippa
(b. 1883 - d. 1979) PTB
Chairman of the Provisional Workers' and
Peasants' Government
(Council of People's Commissars) of Bessarabian
S.S.R.
5 May 1919 - 25 Aug 1919 Ivan
Nikolayevich
Krivorukov (b.
1883 - d. 1943) RKP
(in Odessa exile to 11 May 1919, then in Tiraspol)
Soviet Commander of the Southern Front
28 Jun 1940 - 2 Aug 1940 Georgiy
Konstantinovich Zhukov (b.
1896 - d. 1974) Mil
Chairman of the Bessarabia
Provisional Revolutionary Committee
28 Jun 1940 - 2 Aug 1940
Sergey Danilovich Burlachenko
(b. 1899 - d. 1962) KPU-B Romanian
Commandant (of the 4th Army)
16 Jul 1941 - 31 Jul 1941 Nicolae
Ciupercă
(b. 1882 - d. 1950) Mil
Governors of Bessarabia
1 Aug 1941 - 15 Apr
1943 Constantin Gheorghe Voiculescu
(b. 1890 - d. 1955) Mil
15 Apr 1943 - 23 Aug 1944 Olimpiu
Stavrat
(b. 1888 - d. 1968) Mil
Presidents
27 Apr 1990 - 15 Jan 1997
Mircea Ion
Snegur
(b. 1940) PCM;Jun
1990
(president of the Supreme Soviet to 3 Sep 1990)
Non-party
15 Jan 1997 - 7 Apr 2001 Petru
Chiril Lucinschi
(b.
1940)
PCRM
7 Apr 2001 - 11 Sep
2009 Vladimir Nicolae Voronin
(b.
1941)
PCRM
11 Sep 2009 - 28 Dec 2010
Mihai Toader Ghimpu (acting)
(b. 1951)
PL
28 Dec 2010 - 30 Dec 2010
Vladimir Vasile Filat
(acting) (b. 1969)
PLDM
30 Dec 2010 - 23 Mar 2012 Marian
Ilie Lupu (acting)
(b. 1966)
PDM
23 Mar 2012 - 23 Dec 2016 Nicolae
Vasile Timofti
(b. 1948)
Non-party
23 Dec 2016 - 24 Dec 2020 Igor
Dodon
(b.
1975)
Non-party
24 Dec 2020 -
Maia Sandu
(f)
(b. 1972) PAS
Chairmen of the General Directory
21 Dec 1917 - 1 Feb
1918 Pantelimon Vasile
Erhan
(b. 1884 - d. 1971) PSR
1 Feb 1918 - 9
Apr 1918 Daniel Alexandru Ciuhureanu
(b. 1885 - d. 1950)
PNM
9 Apr 1918 - 10 Dec
1918 Petru
Cazacu
(b. 1873 - d. 1956) PNM
Prime ministers
26 May 1990 - 28 May 1991
Mircea Druc
(b.
1941)
FPM
(chairman of the council of
ministers to 5 Jun 1990)
28 May 1991 - 1 Jul
1992 Valeriu Tudor Muravschi
(b. 1949 - d. 2020) FPM
1 Jul
1992 - 25 Jan 1997 Andrei Nicolae
Sangheli
(b.
1944)
PDAM
25 Jan 1997 - 12 Mar
1999 Ion Condratie Ciubuc
(b. 1943 - d. 2018) Non-party
12 Mar 1999 - 21 Dec
1999 Ion Mihai Sturza
(b.
1960)
Non-party
21 Dec 1999 - 20 Apr
2001 Dumitru Petru Braghiş
(b.
1957)
Non-party
20 Apr 2001 - 31 Mar 2008
Vasile Petru Tarlev
(b.
1963)
PCRM
31 Mar 2008 - 14 Sep
2009 Zinaida Petru Greceanîi
(f) (b. 1956)
PCRM
14 Sep 2009 - 25 Sep
2009 Vitalie Vasile Pîrlog
(acting) (b. 1974)
PCRM
25 Sep 2009 - 25 Apr
2013 Vladimir Vasile
Filat
(s.a.)
PLDM
25 Apr 2013 -
April 2013
18 Feb 2015 Iurie Leancă
(b. 1963)
PLDM
(acting to 31 May 2013)
18 Feb 2015 - 22 Jun 2015 Chiril
Gaburici
(b. 1976)
Non-party
22 Jun 2015 - 30 Jul 2015 Natalia Gherman
(f) (acting) (b.
1969) PLDM
30 Jul 2015 - 30 Oct 2015 Valeriu Streleț
(b.
1970)
PLDM
30 Oct 2015 - 20 Jan 2016 Gheorghe Brega
(acting)
(b.
1951)
PL
20 Jan 2016 - 14 Jun 2019 Pavel
Filip
(b. 1966) PDM
8 Jun 2019 - 14 Nov
2019 Maia Sandu
(f)
(s.a.)
PAS
(not recognized by
Constitutional Court until 15 Jun 2019)
14 Nov 2019 - 31 Dec 2020 Ion
Chicu
(b. 1972)
Non-party
1 Jan 2021 -
6 Aug 2021 Aureliu Ciocoi (acting)
(b.
1968)
Non-party
6 Aug 2021
-
Natalia Gavrilița
(f)
(b.
1977)
PAS
Territorial Disputes: Moldova and
Ukraine operate joint customs posts to monitor the
transit of people and commodities through Moldova's
break-away Transnistria region, which remains under
the auspices of an Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)-mandated peacekeeping
mission comprised of Moldovan, Transnistrian, Russian,
and Ukrainian troops.
Party abbreviations: PAS = Partidul Acțiune
și Solidaritate (Party of Action and Solidarity,
center-right, social liberal, pro-European,
est.15 May 2016); PCRM =
Partidul Comuniştilor din Republica
Moldova (Party of Communists of the Republic of
Moldova, communist, Eurosceptic, former PCM, est.22
Oct 1993); PDM =
Partidul Democrat din Moldova (Democratic Party of
Moldova, center-left, est.8 Feb 1997); PL
= Partidul Liberal (Liberal Party,
liberal-conservative, 5 Sep 1993-24 Apr 2005 named
Party of Reform, est.5 Sep 1993); PLDM = Partidul
Liberal Democrat din Moldova (Liberal Democratic Party
of Moldova, center-right, est.8 Dec 2007); Mil
= Military;
-
Former parties: FPM =
Frontul Popular din Moldova (Popular Front of
Moldova, Moldovan/ Romanian nationalist, succeeded by
Christian Democratic Popular Front, 20 May 1989-15 Feb
1992); KPU-B = Komunistychna
Partiya (Bil'shovykiv) Ukraïny/Kommunisticheskaya
Partiya (Bol'shevikov)
Ukrainy/Partidul
Komunist al Ukrainej (Communist Party [Bolsheviks]
of Ukraine, communist, 1
Mar 1919 separated from Russian Communist
Party, Jul 1918-13 Oct 1952, renamed Komunistychna
Partiya Ukraïny [Communist Party of
Ukraine]);
PNM = Partidul Naţional
Moldovenesc (Moldovan National
Party, Mar 1917-23 Aug 1918, merged
into PTB); PCM
= Partidul Comunist al Moldovei (Communist
Party of Moldovia, communist,
former PCM-B, from Jun 1990 Communist
Party of Moldova, 13
Oct 1952-23 Aug 1991, banned
1991-93, then PCRM);
PDAM = Partidul Democrat Agrar din
Moldova (Democratic Agrarian Party of Moldova,
agrarian, 19 Oct 1991-10 Jul 2004, renamed
Partidul Agrar din Moldova); PTB
= Partidul Ţărănesc din Basarabia (Bessarabian
Peasants' Party, split from PNM, 23 Aug 1918-20 Jan
1923, merged into PNL of Romania); RSDRP-B
= Rossiyskaya
Sotsial-Demokraticheskaya Rabochaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(Russian
Social Democratic Workers' Party [Bolsheviks]
[Majority], Russian
revolutionary socialist, Marxist communist, from 8
Nov 1917 state party, 1 Mar 1898-8 Mar 1918,
renamed RKP); PSR
= Partiya Sotsialistov-Revolyutsionerov/Partidul
Socialist Revoluţionar (Party of
Socialists-Revolutionaries, "SRs", democratic and
agrarian socialist, Left SRs and Bolsheviks referred
to mainstream SR party as Right SRs, 1902-1921)
Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)
-
- 19 Oct 1925 - 6 Jan 1938 Moldavian ASSR
|
-
- 6 Jan 1938 - 27 Feb 1938
Moldavian ASSR
|
-
- 27 Feb 1938 - 2 Aug 1940
Moldavian ASSR
-
|
-
- 2 Sep 1990 - 2 Sep
1991
|
-
- Adopted 2 Sep 1991
(confirmed 25 Jul 2000)
|
-
- Official
Variant from 25 Jul 2000
- (for non-governmental use)
|
Map
of Transnistrian
Republic
|
Hear
National Anthem
"My slavim tebya,
Pridnestrov'ye"/My slavymo
tebe, Prydnistrov'ya/
Slăvită să fii, Nistrene
(We Glorify You, Transnistria)
|
Text
of National Anthem
Adopted 9 Oct 1990
(lyrics from 1995)
(confirmed 25 Jul 2000)
|
Constitution
(17 Jan 1996)
(2 Sep 1991)
|
Capital: Tiraspol
(Moldavian
ASSR -
Tiraspol 29 Jun 1929-1940;
Balta 1924-29 Jun 1929) |
Currency:
Transnistrian
Ruble (PDN/PRB);
1992-1994 Russian Ruble
(RUR); 1990-1992 Soviet
Ruble (SUR)
|
National Holiday:
2 Sep (1990)
Den' Respubliki Pridnestrov'ya/
Ziua Republicii Transnistriei
(Day of the Republic)
|
Population: 469,000
(2018)
599,150 (1939)
|
GDP: $799 million
(2007)
|
Exports: $727
million (2007)
Imports: $1.13 billion
(2007)
|
Ethnic groups:
Russian 33.8%, Moldavan 33.2%,
Ukrainian 26.7%, Bulgarian 2.8%,
Gagauz 1.2%,
Belarusian 0.6%, Germans 0.3%,
Polish 0.2%,
others 1.2% (2015);
[Ukrainian 50.7%, Moldavian 28.5%, Russian
10.2%,
Jewish 6.2% (1939)]
|
Total Active Armed
Forces: 7,500 (2006)
Russian Forces: 1,500 (2012)
Merchant marine: None
(2010)
|
Religions: Orthodox
Christian 91%, Roman Catholic 4%,
Protestant 1%, other Christian 2%, Jewish
0.23% (2004)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: CDRN |
Note: Russian names with
Moldavian/Romanian in parentheses for the period
1924-1940.
From 1990, names are in Russian which is
exclusively used in administration - Ukrainian and
(Cyrillic) Moldovan are also official
languages, but are not used administratively.
1788
Russian occupation of the area (ceded by the Ottoman
Empire
in 1791).
1790 - 1793
Area granted to Black
Sea Cossack Host, formed in 1788 (largely
former Zaporozhian Sich Cossacks [see under Ukraine], in
1793 the
Host relocated to Kuban), headquarters in Slobodzeya
(Slobozia).
20 Nov 1917
Part of the
Ukrainian People's Republic.
30 Jan 1918
Under "Rumcherod" (from 31
Jan 1918, Odessa
Soviet Republic).
11 Mar 1918 - Dec 1918 Under
Austro-Hungarian occupation, part of Ukraine.
9 Feb 1919 - 18 Apr
1919 Tiraspol (Tiraspol') occupied
by Polish units of the Allied
forces in Odessa.
18 Apr 1919 - 25 Aug 1919
Tiraspol occupied by Soviet Russia, part
of the Ukrainian S.S.R.
25 Aug 1919 - 12 Feb 1920 Tiraspol
occupied by "White" Russian Armed
forces in the South of
Russia under Denikin.
12 Feb
1920
Transnistria incorporated into Ukrainian
S.S.R.
12 Oct
1924
Moldavian Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic
(Moldavskaya
Avtonomnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Sovetskaya
Respublika)
established within the Ukrainian S.S.R. by
the Soviet Union.
5 Dec
1936
Renamed Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
(Moldavskaya
Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya
Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika).
12 Aug
1939
Russian alphabet re-introduced for Moldavian.
2 Aug
1940
Moldavian A.S.S.R. united with Bessarabia
(previously part
Romania) to form Moldavian Soviet Socialist
Republic (see above).
8 Aug 1941
Tiraspol occupied by
Romania.
8 Aug 1941 - 12 Apr 1944 Occupied by Rumania,
as
part of the Transnistria governorate
(Guvernământul Transnistriei)(see under Ukraine).
12 Apr
1944
Tiraspol is liberated by Soviet forces.
2 Sep
1990
Pridnestrovian (Transnistrian)
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
(Pridnestrovskaya
Moldavskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya
Respublika)
declares secession from Moldova S.S.R., but
within
the Soviet Union (not recognized by
Moldova S.S.R. or USSR).
22 Sep
1990
Declarations voided by the decree of the
President of Soviet Union.
8 Dec 1990
Declaration
of sovereignty of the PMSSR passed.
22 Dec
1990
Soviet Union government invalidates sovereignty
declaration.
25 Aug 1991
Declaration of independence
(not internationally recognized; only
recognized and by the unrecognized states of
Abkhazia, South
Ossetia, and Nagorno-Karabakh [on
17 Nov 2006])).
5 Nov
1991
Pridnestrovian (Transnistrian)
Moldavian Republic
(Pridnestrovskaya Moldavskaya Respublika).
22 Jul
2005
Transnistria/Pridnestrovie
recognized as "an autonomous territorial
unit with special legal status" within
Moldova by the government
of Moldova (by law Lege Nr. 173-XVI,
LPO173/2005)(not
implemented).
17 Sep
2006
Referendum supports independence from Moldova and
association
with Russia by 97.2%
Executive Secretary of the Organizing Bureau of
the Communist
Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine for the
Moldavian A.S.S.R.
15 Oct 1924 - 21 Dec 1924 Iosif
Isaakovich Badeyev (Suslik)
(b. 1880 - d. 1937)
(Iosif Badeev)
Executive Secretaries
of the Moldavian Regional
Committee of Communist
Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine
21 Dec 1924 - 27 Dec 1928 Iosif
Isaakovich Badeyev (Suslik)
(s.a.)
(Iosif Badeev)
27 Dec 1928 - 25 Feb 1930 Khaim
Bentsionovich Bogopol'skiy (b. 1891 -
d. 1937)
(Haim Bogopolski)
25 Feb 1930 - 9 Apr 1930
Vacant
9 Apr 1930 - 2. Oct 1931 Ilya
Moiseyevich Ilyin (Broytman) (b. 1893 - d. 1973)
(Ilia Ilin)
2. Oct 1931 - 3 Jul 1932 Ivan
Semyonovich Plachinda
(b. 1898 - d. 1937)
(Sporosh)(Ivan Semionovici
Placinda)
First Secretaries of the
Moldavian Regional Committee of the
Communist
Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine
3 Jul 1932 - 5 Jun 1933 Ivan
Nikolayevich Sirko
(b. 1900 - d. 1976)
(Ivan Sirko)
5 Jun 1933 - 28 Aug 1935 Gurgen Osipovich
Bulat
(b. 1900 - d. 1949)
(Gurgen Bulat)
28 Aug 1935 - 17 May 1937 Zinoviy
Iosifovich Siderskiy (b.
1897 - d. 1938)
(Zinovie Siderski)
17 May 1937 - 30 Aug 1937 Vladimir
Zakharovich
Todres (b.
1897 - d. 1959)
(Selektor) (Vladimir Todres)
30 Aug 1937 - 23 May 1938 Nikolay
Isayevich Golub' (acting) (b. 1905 - d.
19..)
(Nicolea Golub)
23 May 1938 - 26 Feb 1939 Vladimir
Nikolayevich Borisov (b. 1901 - d.
1984)
(Vladimir Borisov)
26 Feb 1939 - 6 Aug 1939 Aleksey
Nikolayevich Mel'nikov (b. 1900 -
d. 1967)
(Aleksei Melnikov)
6 Aug 1939 - 14 Aug 1940 Pyotr
Grigoryevich Borodin
(b. 1905 - d. 1986)
(Piotr Borodin)
Atamans of Black Sea Cossack Host (the
first of atamans elected by Cossacks)
1788
Sidor Ignatyevich
Beliy
(b. 1716 - d. 1788)
1788 - 1797
Zakhariy Alekseyevich
Chepega (b. 1725 - d. 1797)
Allied (Polish) Commander (of the Polish
4th Rifle Division)
9 Feb 1919 - 18 Apr 1919 Lucjan
Żeligowski
(b. 1865 - d. 1947)
Mil
Chairman of the Moldavian
Provisional Revolutionary Committee
9 Nov 1924 - 23 Apr 1925 Grigoriy
Ivanovich Staryy (Borisov)(b. 1880
- d. 1937) KPU-B
(Grigore Borisov)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
23 Apr 1925 - 14 May 1926 Grigoriy
Ivanovich Staryy (Borisov)(s.a.)
KPU-B
14 May 1926 - May 1937
Yevstafiy Pavlovich Voronovich (b.
1890 - d. 1937) KPU-B
(Evstafii Voronovici)
May 1937 - 18 Jul 1938
Georgiy Yermolayevich Streshnyy
(b. 1900 - d. 1940) KPU-B
(Gheorghe
Streshni) (acting)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme
Soviet
18 Jul 1938 - 7 Jun 1940 Tikhon
Antonovich Konstantinov (b.
1898 - d. 1957) KPU-B
(Tihon Konstantinov)
7 Jun 1940 - 2 Aug
1940 Fyodor Grigoryevich
Brovko
(b. 1904 - d. 1960) KPU-B
(Fedor Brovko)
Chairman of the (to 29 Nov 1990,
Provisional) Supreme
Soviet
2 Sep 1990 - 3 Dec 1991
Igor' Nikolayevich Smirnov
(b.
1941)
OSTK
(Moldovan prisoner 29 Aug - 1 Oct
1991)
29 Aug 1991 - 1 Oct 1991
Andrey Panteleyevich Manoylov (b.
1945 - d. 1995) OSTK
(First deputy, acting for jailed Smirnov)
Presidents
3 Dec 1991 - 30 Dec 2011
Igor' Nikolayevich Smirnov
(s.a.)
Non-party
30 Dec 2011 - 16 Dec 2016 Yevgeniy
Vasilyevich Shevchuk (b.
1968)
Non-party
16 Dec 2016
-
Vadim Nikolayevich Krasnosel'skiy (b.
1970)
Non-party
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
23 Apr 1925 -
14 May 1926 Aleksandr Ivanovich Stroyev
(b. 1886 - d.
1937) KPU-B
(Aleksei Stroev)
14 May 1926 - 5 Jun
1928 Grigoriy Ivanovich Staryy (Borisov)(s.a.)
KPU-B
(1st time)
5 Jun 1928 -
7 Apr 1932 Sergey Vasilyevich Dimitriu
(b. 1892 - d. 1937)
KPU-B
(Serghei
Dimitriu)
7 Apr 1932 - 22 Jun
1937 Grigoriy Ivanovich Staryy (Borisov)(s.a.)
KPU-B
(2nd time)
22 Jun 1937 -
Feb 1938 ....
Feb 1938 - May 1940
Georgiy
Yermolayevich Streshnyy (s.a.)
KPU-B
May 1940 - 7 Jun 1940 Fyodor
Grigoryevich Brovko
(s.a.)
KPU-B
(Fedor Brovko)
7 Jun 1940 - 2 Aug
1940 Tikhon Antonovich Konstantinov
(s.a.)
KPU-B
Chairman of the Council of Ministers
3 Sep 1990 - 29 Nov 1990
Stanislav Ivanovich Moroz (acting) (b. 1938 - d.
2013) PCM
29 Nov 1990 - 18 Jan 2012 Post abolished
Prime ministers (chairmen
of the government)
18 Jan 2012 - 10 Jul 2013
Pyotr Petrovich Stepanov
(b. 1959)
Non-party
10 Jul 2013 - 2 Dec
2015 Tat'yana Mikhaylovna Turanskaya (f)(b.
1972)
Non-party
(Tetyana Mykhaylivna Turans'ka)
13 Oct 2015 - 30 Nov 2015 Mayya Ivanovna Parnas
(f) (b.
1974)
Non-party
(acting for Turanskaya)
2 Dec 2015 - 23 Dec 2015 Mayya Ivanovna
Parnas (f)(acting) (s.a.)
Non-party
23 Dec 2015 - 17 Dec 2016 Pavel Nikolayevich
Prokudin (b.
1966)
Non-party
17 Dec 2016
-
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Martynov (b. 1981)
Non-party
Party abbreviations: KPP = Kommunisticheskaya
Partiya Pridnestrovya/Partidul Komunist din
Pridnestrov'e (Communist Party
of Pridnestrovia,
marxist-leninist communist, est.1991);
OSTK = Obyedinyonnyy Sovet
Trudovyh Kollektivov/Colectivelor Unificate
de Muncă (Joint
Council of Labor Collectives,
pro-govt. trade union group,
est.11 Jul 1989); PKP
= Pridnestrovskaya Kommunisticheskaya
Partiya/Prydnistrovs'ka
Komunistychna Partiya/Partidul Komunist din
Transnistrya
(Pridnestrovian Communist Party, anti-Smirnov
communist, est.20 Apr 2003); PPP
= Patrioticheskaya
Partiya Pridnestrovya/Patriotichna
Partiya Pridnistrovya/Partidul
Patriotik din Nistreniya (Patriotic
Party of Pridnestrovie,
Transnistrian nationalist, est.4 Apr 2006); RP
= Respublika/Respublika/Republika (Republic,
Transnistrian nationalist, Igor Smirnov personalist,
est.1990); Mil =
Military;
- Former
Parties: KPU-B =
Komunistychna Partiya (Bil'shovykiv)
Ukraïny/Kommunisticheskaya
Partiya (Bol'shevikov)
Ukrainy/Partidul
Komunist al Ukrainej (Communist Party [Bolsheviks]
of Ukraine, communist, 1 Mar
1919 separated from Russian Communist
Party, Jul 1918-13 Oct 1952, renamed Komunistychna
Partiya Ukraïny [Communist Party of
Ukraine]);
PCM = Partidul
Comunist al Moldovei (Communist Party
of Moldovia, communist, former
PCM-B, from Jun 1990 Communist Party
of Moldova, 13
Oct 1952-23 Aug 1991, banned
1991-93, then PCRM);
RKP = Rossiyskaya
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(Russian
Communist Party [Bolsheviks], communist, 1918-1925,
renamed All-Union Communist Party)
Gagauzia (Gagauz-Yeri)
-
- 19 Aug 1990 -
c.1993 Unofficial
-
|
-
- c.1993 - 31 Oct 1995
|
-
- Adopted 31 Oct 1995
|
Map
of Gagauzia
|
Hear Local Anthem
"Gimn Gagauziya"/
"Gagauz Milli Marşı"
(Hymn of Gagauzia)(=Tarafım/My Motherland)
|
Text
of Anthem
Adopted 4 Dec 1995
|
Code of Gagauzia
(5 Jun 1998)
|
Capital: Komrat
(Comrat)
|
Currency:
Moldovan Leu
(MDL)
|
Local Holiday: 23
Dec (1994)
Day of Formation of
Gagauzia (Gagauz-Yeri)
|
Population:
155,600 (2018)
|
GDP: $0.7 billion
(2017)
|
Exports: $117
million (2019)
Imports: $95 million
(2019)
|
Ethnic groups:
Gagauz 82.14%, Bulgarian 5.15%,
Moldovan 4.85%, Russian
3.82%, Ukrainian 3.16%,
others 0.91% (2004)
|
Total Police Forces:
N/A
National Guard: 1 battalion (1992)
|
Religions:
Orthodox Christian 93%, Protestant 3%,
other 2.2%, no religion 1.6%, atheist 0.2%
(2004)
|
Note: Russian names with Gagauz in
parentheses - Gagauz and Moldovan/Romanian are also
official languages, but are not used administratively.
18-23/25 Jan 1906
Uprising launched in Komrat (Comrat)(as part of the
Russian 1905/07
Revolution), popularly referred to as the "Komrat
Republic"
("Komrat Respublikası/Republica
de la Comrat/Komratskaya
respublika") (Old Style dates 5 Jan - 10/12 Jan
1906).
12 Nov 1989
Gagauz Autonomous Soviet
Socialist Republic demanded within
Moldavian
S.S.R. (repeated again on 3 Dec 1989
and 22 Jul 1990);
the demand is repeatedly voided by the Moldavian
S.S.R.
19 Aug
1990
Gagauz nation declares independence
from Moldova S.S.R., within
Soviet
Union, as the Gagauz Republic (Gagauz
Respublikası/
Republica Găgăuză/Gagauzskaya Respublika);
this action is
not
recognized by Moldova or the
Soviet Union.
26
Oct 1990 - 6 Dec 1990 Moldova
declares a state of emergency over southern districts.
22 Dec
1990
Soviet Union government invalidates independence
declaration.
19 Jun
1995
Gagauz Yeri (Găgăuzia/Găgăuz
Yeri/Gagauziya [Gagauz Yeri]),
an
autonomous territorial unit within Moldova
(under Moldovan law
Lege Nr. 344-XIII,
LPM344/1994 of 23 Dec 1994).
2
Feb 2014
Referendum 98.4% of voters chose closer
relations with the
Commonwealth of Independent States
over the European Union; and
98.9% of
voters support Gagauzia's right to declare
independence
should
Moldova ends its independence.
Leader of the Committee (in rebellion)
18 Jan 1906 - 25 Jan 1906 Andrei
Galaţan
(b. 1875 - d. 1943) PSR
(Andrey Pavlovich Galatsan)
(arrested 21 Jan 1905)
Chairman of the Provisional Committee
19 Aug 1990 - 31 Oct 1990
Stepan Mikhaylovich Topal
(b. 1938 - d. 2018) GH
(Stepan Topal)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
31 Oct 1990 - 2? Dec 1991 Stepan
Mikhaylovich Topal
(s.a.)
GH
(Moldovan prisoner
23 Aug - 1 Oct 1991)
23 Aug 1991 - 1 Oct 1991 Ivan
Georgiyevich Burgudzhi (b.
1953)
GH
(İvan
Burgucu)
(First Deputy, acting for imprisoned Topal)
President
2? Dec 1991 - 19 Jun 1995 Stepan
Mikhaylovich
Topal
(s.a.)
PSM
Governors
19 Jun 1995 - 24 Sep 1999 Georgiy
Dmitriyevich Tabunshchik (b.
1939)
PCRM
(Georgiy Tabunşçik)
(1st time)
24 Sep 1999 - 10 Jul 2002 Dmitriy
Vasilyevich Kroytor
(b.
1959)
PDM
(Dmitriy Kroytor)
6 Jul 2002 - 1 Aug
2002 Valeriy Fyodorovich Yanioglo
(b. 1957)
PDM
(Valeri Yanioglo)
(acting [for Kroytor to 10 Jul
2002])
10 Jul 2002 - 1 Aug 2002 Ivan
Petrovich Kristioglo
(b. 1952) UM
(İvan Kristioglo)
(acting; in opposition)
1 Aug 2002 - 9 Nov
2002 Georgiy Ilyich Molla (interim)
(b. 1950)
Non-party
(Georgiy
Molla)
9 Nov 2002 - 29 Dec 2006
Georgiy Dmitriyevich Tabunshchik
(s.a.)
PCRM
(2nd time)
29 Dec 2006 - 15 Apr 2015 Mikhail
Makarovich Formuzal (b.
1959) PPR;2011 PRM
(Mihail Formuzal)
15 Apr 2015
-
Irina Fyodorovna Vlakh
(f)
(b. 1974)
Non-party
(İrina Vlah)
Party abbreviations: PM
= Partidul Muncii/Partiya Truda
(Labor Party, socialist, formerly
UM, est.18 Jun 2010); PCRM =
Partidul Comuniştilor din Republica Moldova/Partiya
Kommunistov Respubliki Moldova (Party of Communists of
the Republic of Moldova, communist,
Eurosceptic, est.22 Oct 1993); PDM
= Partidul Democrat din
Moldova/Demokraticheskaya Partiya Moldovy (Democratic
Party of Moldova, social-democratic, est.8
Feb 1997); PRM = Partidul
Regiunilor din Moldova/Partiya Regionov Moldovy (Party
of Regions Moldova, center-left, est.23 Sep 2011);
PPR = Partidul Popular
Republican/Narodnaya Respublikanskaya Partiya
(Republican Popular Party, to 2005 named
Peasants' Christian Democratic Party of Moldova,
conservative, est.1994); PSM
= Partidul Socialist din Moldova/Sotsialisticheskaya
Partiya Moldovy (Socialist Party of Moldova,
socialist, former communists [PCM], est.11 Aug 1992);
- Former Parties:
GH = Gagauz Halkı/Gagauz Khalky
(Gagauz People, Gagauz nationalist, 1989-1994);
UM = Uniunea
Muncii/Soyuz Truda (Labor Union,
socialist, from 19 Dec 2004 renamed Uniunea
Muncii "Patria-Rodina"/Soyuz Truda "Patria-Rodina"
[Labor Union "Motherland"], 12 Nov 1999-18 Jun 2010,
renamed PM)
© Ben Cahoon
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