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Peru
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![[Spanish War Ensign
(1785-1931)]](es-1785.gif)
![[Flag
of Peru of 1820 (1)]](pe_1820a.gif)
![[Peru
- Oct 1820]](pe_1820e.gif)
![[Flag
of Peru of 1822]](pe_1822o.gif)
![[Flag
of Peru of 1823]](pe_1823.gif)
![[Flag of
the Peruvian-Bolivian
Confederation]](pbc.gif)
Governors
26 Jul 1533 - 26 Jun 1541 Francisco Pizarro
(b. c.1470 - d. 1541)
26 Jun 1541 - Sep 1542
Diego de Almagro II "El Mozo" (b.
1520 - d. 1542)
Viceroys
1542 -
1544
Cristóbal Vaca de Castro
(b. c.1492 - d. 1566)
15 May 1544 - 18 Jan 1546 Blasco Núñez Vela
(b. 1490 - d. 1546)
1544 -
1548
Gonzalo Pizarro
(b. 1506 - d. 1548)
(governor; in opposition to viceroy)
10 Apr 1547 - 27 Jan 1550 Pedro de la Gasca
(b. 1485 - d. 1567)
27 Jan 1550 - 23 Sep 1551 Audiencia
23 Sep 1551 - 21 Jul 1552 Antonio
de Mendoza
(b. 1495 - d. 1552)
Jul 1552 - 29 Jun 1556 Melchor
Bravo de Saravia Sotomayor (b. 1512 - d. 1577)
(interim)
29 Jun 1556 - 30 Mar 1561 Andrés Hurtado de
Mendoza, (b. c.1500 - d.
1561)
marqués de Cañete
17 Apr 1561 - 20 Feb 1564 Diego López de
Zúñiga y Velasco, (b. c.1510 - d. 1564)
conde de Nieva
20 Feb 1564 - 2 Sep 1564 Juan de
Saavedra (interim)
2 Sep 1564 - 26 Nov 1569 Lope García
de Castro (interim) (d. 1576)
26 Nov 1569 - 23 Sep 1581 Francisco de
Toledo
(b. 1515 - d. 1584)
23 Sep 1581 -
1583
Martín Enríquez de Almansa
(d. 1583)
1583 -
1584
Cristóbal Ramírez de Cartagena (d.
1594)
(President of the Audiencia)
1584 - 20 Nov
1589
Fernando Torres de Portugal y (d.
1592)
Mesía Venegas y Ponce de León,
conde de Villa Don Pardo
8 Jan 1590 - 24 Jul 1596 García
Hurtado de Mendoza y (b. 1535
- d. 1609)
Manrique, marqués de Cañete
24 Jul 1596 - 18 Jan 1604 Luis de Velasco,
marqués de (b. 1539 - d.
1617)
Salinas
18 Jan 1604 - 16 Mar 1606 Gaspar de Zúñiga
Acevedo y (b. 1560 - d.
1606)
Fonseca, conde de Monterrey
16 Mar 1606 - 21 Dec 1607 Diego de Núñez de
Avendaño (d. 1607)
(President of the Audiencia)
21 Dec 1607 - 18 Dec 1615 Juan Manuel de Mendoza y
(b. 1571 - d. 1628)
Manrique Hurtado y Padilla,
marqués de Montesclaros
18 Dec 1615 - 31 Dec 1621 Francisco de
Borja y Aragón, (b. 1581 - d.
1658)
príncipe de Esquilache
1 Jan 1622 - 25 Jul 1622 Juan Jiménez de
Montalvo (b. 1561 -
d. 1621)
(President of the Audiencia)
25 Jul 1622 - 14 Jan 1629 Diego Fernández de
Córdoba y (b. 1578 - d. 1630)
López de las Roelas Benavides y
Melgarejo, marqués de Guadalcázar
14 Jan 1629 - 18 Dec 1639 Luis Jerónimo
Fernández de Cabrera (b. 1589 - d. 1647)
Bobadilla Cerda y Mendoza,
conde de Chinchón
18 Dec 1639 - 20 Sep 1648 Pedro de Toledo y
Leyva, (b. c.1585 -
d. 1654)
marqués de Mancera
1648 -
1655
García Sarmiento de Sotomayor (b.
c.1595 - d. 1659)
Enríquez de Luna,
conde de Salvatierra
24 Feb 1655 - 31 Dec 1661 Luis Enríquez de
Guzmán y Coresma, (b. c.1610 - d. c.1680)
conde de Alba de Liste
31 Dec 1661 - 16 Mar 1666 Diego de
Benavides y de la Cueva, (b. 1607 - d. 1666)
conde de Santisteban
16 Mar 1666 - 21 Nov 1667 Bernardo de
Iturriaza (1st time) (b. 1608 - d. 1678)
(interim)
21 Nov 1667 - 6 Dec 1672 Pedro Fernández de
Castro Andrade (b. 1634 - d. 1672)
y Portugal, conde de Lemos
6 Dec 1672 - 15 Aug 1674
Bernardo de Iturriaza (2nd time) (s.a.)
(interim)
15 Aug 1674 - 7 Jul 1678 Baltasar de la
Cueva Enríquez, (b. 1626 - d. 1686)
conde de Castellar
7 Jul 1678 - 20 Nov 1681 Melchor de
Liñán y Cisneros, (b. 1629 - d.
1708)
arzobispo de Lima (interim)
20 Nov 1681 - 15 Aug 1689 Melchor de
Navarra y Rocaful, (b. 1626 - d.
1691)
duque de la Palata
Aug 1689 - Sep 1705
Melchor Porto-Carrero y Lasso de (b. 1636 -
d. 1705)
la Vega, conde de Monclova
15 Sep 1705 - 22 May 1707 Miguel Núñez de
Sanabria (1st time)(b. c.1645 - d. 1729)
(President of the Audiencia)
22 May 1707 - 22 Apr 1710 Manuel Oms de
Santa Pau Olim de (b. 1651 - d. 1710)
Sentamanat y Lanuza, marqués de
Castell dos Rios
22 Apr 1710 - 14 Sep 1710 Miguel Núñez
de Sanabria (2ns time)(s.a.)
(President of the Audiencia)
14 Sep 1710 - 2 Mar 1716 Diego Ladrón
de
Guevara,
(b. 1641 - d. 1718)
obispo de Quito
2 Mar 1716 - 15 Aug 1716 Mateo de la
Mata Ponce de León (d. 1720)
(President of the Audiencia)
15 Aug 1716 - 5 Oct 1716
Diego Morcillo Rubio de
Auñón (b. 1642 -
d. 1730)
(1st time) (interim)
5 Oct 1716 - 26 Jan 1720 Carmino
Nicolás
Caracciolo,
(b. 1671 - d. 1727)
príncipe de Santo Buono
26 Jan 1720 - 14 May 1724 Diego Morcillo
Rubio de Auñón (s.a.)
(2dd time)
14 May 1724 - 4 Jan 1736 José de
Armendáriz y Perurena (b.
1670 - d. 1740)
Garrués de Usechi y Urquijo,
marqués de Castelfuerte
4 Jan 1736 - 12 Jul 1745 José Antonio
de Mendoza Caamaño (b. 1667 - d. 1746)
y Sotomayor, marqués de
Villa-García, conde de Barrantes
12 Jul 1745 - 12 Oct 1761 José Antonio
Manso de Velasco (b. 1688
- d. 1767)
y Sanchez de Samaniego,
(from 1748) conde de Superunda
12 Oct 1761 - 17 Jul 1776 Manuel de Amat y
Junient Planella (b. 1704 - d. 1790)
Aimeric y Santa Pau
17 Jul 1776 - 21 Jul 1780 Manuel de Guirior
y Portal de (b. 1708 - d.
1788)
Huarte y Edozaín,
marqués de Guirior
21 Jul 1780 - 6 Apr 1784 Agustín de
Jáuregui y Aldecoa (b.
1708 - d. 1784)
4 Nov 1780 - 6 Apr 1781 Tupac
Amaru II (in rebellion)
(b. 1742 - d. 1781)
(José Gabriel Condorcanqui Túpac Amaru)
6 Apr 1784 - 25 Mar 1790 Teodoro Francisco
de Croix, (b.
1730 - d. 1791)
conde de Croix
25 Mar 1790 - 6 Jun 1796 Francisco
Gil de Taboada y Lemos (b. 1736 - d. 1809)
y Villa Marín
6 Jun 1796 - 19 Mar 1801 Ambrosio
O'Higgins,
(b. 1716 - d. 1801)
marqués de Osorno
19 Mar 1801 - 5 Nov 1801 Manuel
Antonio de Arredondo y (b.
1738 - d. 1822)
Pelegrín
(President of the Audiencia)
5 Nov 1801 - 20 Aug 1806 Gabriel de
Avilés y del Fierro, (b. 1730 - d.
1810)
marqués de Avilés
20 Aug 1806 - 7 Jul 1816 José
Fernando Abascal y Sousa, (b.
1743 - d. 1827)
marqués de la Concordia
7 Jul 1816 - 29 Jan 1821 Joaquín de
la Pezuela y Sánchez (b. 1761 - d.
1830)
Muñoz de Velasco, marqués de
Viluma
29 Jan 1821 - Dec 1824
José de la Serna e
Hinojosa (b.
1770 - d. 1832)
(acting)
Dec 1824 - 23 Jan 1826
Juan Pío de Tristán y
Moscoso (b. 1773 - d.
1860)
(acting)
Captain-general and General-in-Chief
8 Sep 1820 - 3 Aug 1821 José
Francisco de San
Martín (b. 1778 - d.
1850) Mil
y Matorras
Protector
3 Aug 1821 - 20 Sep 1822 José
Francisco de San
Martín
(s.a.)
Mil
y Matorras
Presidents of the Sovereign Constituent Congress
20 Sep 1822
Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza y
(b. 1750 - d. 1825)
Collantes (temporary)
20 Sep 1822 - 22 Sep 1822 Francisco Xavier de Luna
Pizarro (b. 1780 - d. 1855)
y Pacheco
President of the Supreme Governing Junta
22 Sep 1822 - 27 Feb 1823 José Domingo La
Mar y Cortázar (b. 1778 - d.
1830) Mil
Grand Marshal of the Armies of the Republic of Peru,
Acting Administrator
27 Feb 1823 - 28 Feb 1823 José
Bernardo de Tagle
y
(b. 1779 - d. 1825) Mil
Portocarrero, marqués de Trujillo
Presidents
28 Feb 1823 - 23 Jun 1823 José Mariano de
la Cruz de la Riva (b. 1783 - d. 1858) Mil
Agüero y Sánchez Boquete
(continues, in revolt, after deposition to 25 Nov
1823)
23 Jun 1823 - 17 Jul 1823 Antonio José
Francisco de Sucre (b. 1795 - d.
1830) Mil
y Alcalá
(Supreme Military Chief)
17 Jul 1823 - 18 Feb 1824 José Bernardo de
Tagle
y
(s.a.)
Mil
Portocarrero
(Supreme Chief
to 16 Aug 1823)
18 Feb 1824 - 28 Jan 1827 Simón José de la
Santísima
(b. 1783 - d. 1830) Mil
Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios
(acting Dictator to 10 Feb 1825,
Liberator to 9 Dec 1826, then President-for-Life)
30 Nov 1826 - 10 Jun 1827 José Andrés de
Santa Cruz y
(b. 1792 - d. 1865) Mil
Villavicencio y Calaumana
(president of council of government)
10 Jun 1827 - 22 Aug 1827 Manuel Salazar y
Baquíjano (acting)(b. 1777 - d. 1850)
22 Aug 1827 - 6 Jun 1829 José Domingo
La Mar y Cortázar
(s.a.)
Mil
6 Jun 1829 - 1 Sep 1829 Antonio
Gutiérrez de La Fuente (b. 1796
- d. 1878)
(Provisional Supreme Chief)
1 Sep 1829 - 20 Dec 1833 Agustín
Gamarra y Messia (1st time)(b. 1785 - d. 1841) Mil
(provisional to 22 Dec 1829)
20 Dec 1833 - 21 Dec 1833 Francisco Xavier de Luna
Pizarro y (s.a.)
Pacheco Araus
(President of National Convention)
21 Dec 1833 - 11 Aug 1836 Luis José de las
Mercedes de
(b. 1795 - d. 1847) Mil
Orbegoso Moncada (provisional)
4 Jan 1834 - 24 Apr 1834 Pedro Pablo
Bermúdez Ascarza (b.
1793 - d. 1852) Mil
(Provisional Supreme Chief, in rebellion)
25 Feb 1835 - 7 Feb 1836 Felipe
Santiago de Salaverry y (b. 1806
- d. 1836) Mil
del Solar
(Supreme Chief, in rebellion)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers (Prime
ministers)
24 Feb 1825 - 3 Apr 1825 José Domingo
de La Mar y Cortázar (s.a.)
Mil
(1st time)
3 Apr 1825 - 5 Jan 1826 José Hipólito
Unánue Pavón (acting)(b. 1755 - d. 1833)
(1st
time)
5 Jan 1826 - 25 Feb 1826 José Domingo de La
Mar y Cortázar (s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)
25 Feb 1826 - 29 Jun 1826 José Hipólito Unánue
Pavón (acting)(s.a.)
(2nd time)
29 Jun 1826 - 7 Jun 1829 José Andrés de
Santa Cruz y
(s.a.)
Mil
Villavicencio y Calaumana
12 Sep 1835 - 10 Oct 1835 Agustín Gamarra y
Messia
(s.a.)
Mil
10 Oct 1835 - 28 Dec 1835 Juan Bautista de Lavalle
Zugasti (b. 1779 - d. 1851)
1835 - 1836
Manuel Bartolomé Ferreyros y de
(b. 1793 - d. 1872)
la Mata
Divided Peru and the Peru-Bolivian Confederation
Note: In 1836 Andrés de Santa Cruz, president of Bolivia, launched a project to confederate Peru and Bolivia under his "Protectorship." In Peru he began by having an Assembly proclaim on 17 Mar 1836 the South-Peruvian State, following on 11 Aug 1836 by a similar proclamation of the North-Peruvian State; in each case he became the new state's "Supreme Protector" with full powers. The Peru-Bolivian Confederation was proclaimed 28 Oct 1836; Santa Cruz was its Supreme Protector, while remaining Supreme Protector of each of the Peruvian States as well as President of the Bolivian Republic. The Confederation lasted until 20 Feb 1839. In each of the Peruvian States there was from 1837, under the Supreme Protector, a Provisional President.
![[Flag of South Peru
(Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation)]](pbc-s.gif)
20 Mar 1836 - 20 Jan 1839
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17 Mar
1836
South-Peruvian State constituted as an independent state
by
departments of Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco and Puno (also
styled
Republic
of the South of Peru, or South-Peruvian
Republic).
28 Oct 1836
Part of the
Peru-Bolivia Confederation.
22 Feb
1839
State extinguished.
Supreme Protector
17 Mar 1836 - 20 Feb 1839 José Andrés de
Santa Cruz y
(s.a.)
Mil
Villavicencio y Calaumana
(acting for Santa Cruz)
Provisional Presidents
17 Sep 1837 - 12 Oct 1838 Ramón Herrera y de Paula Rodado (b. 1799 - d. 1882)
12 Oct 1838 - 22 Feb 1839 Juan Pío de Tristán y Moscoso (s.a.)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers (Prime
ministers)
1836 - 1837
Juan Pío de Tristán y
Moscoso (s.a.)
1837 - 1838
Joseph Joaquín Casimiro Olañeta
(b. 1796 - d. 1860)
North-Peruvian State
![[Flag of North Peru
(Peruvian-Bolivian Confederation)]](pe_1825.gif)
11 Aug 1836 - 20 Jan 1839
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11 Aug
1836
North-Peruvian State constituted as an
independent state by
departments of Amazonas, Junín, Libertad and Lima
(also styled Republic of the North of Peru, or
North-Peruvian Republic).
28 Oct 1836
Part of the
Peru-Bolivia Confederation.
17 Feb
1839
State extinguished.
Supreme Protector
11 Aug 1836 - 17 Feb 1839 José Andrés de
Santa Cruz y
(s.a.)
Mil
Villavicencio y Calaumana
Provisional Presidents
21 Aug 1837 - 30 Jul 1838 Luis José de las Mercedes (s.a.) Mil
Orbegoso Moncada
(declares secession of North-Peruvian
Republic from the Peru-Bolivian Confederation
30 Jul 1838 and continues in dissidence as
Provisional President to Nov 1838)
11 Aug 1838 - 17 Feb 1839 José de la Riva Agüero (s.a.)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers (Prime
ministers)
1836 - 1837
Mariano de Sierra
1837 - 21 Aug 1837 José
Maria Galdeano y Mendoza (b. 1780 - d.
1863)
Peru
23 Aug
1838
Peruvian Republic (also in sporadic official
use Republic of Peru).
28 Sep 1881 - 23 Oct 1883 Chilean
occupation.
28 Jul
1980
Republic of Peru
Presidents
24 Aug 1838 - 18 Nov 1841 Agustín Gamarra y
Messia (2nd
time)(s.a.)
Mil
(provisional to 11 Jul 1840)
4 Jan 1841 - 20? May 1841 Manuel Ignacio de
Vivanco e
(b. 1806 - d. 1873) Mil
Iturralde
(Supreme
Chief, in rebellion)
18 Nov 1841 - 16 Aug 1842 Manuel Menéndez y
Gorozabel (b.
1793 - d. 1847)
(1st time) (acting)
16 Aug 1842 - 19 Oct 1842 Juan Crisóstomo
Torrico González (b. 1808 - d. 1875)
Mil
(Supreme Chief)
19 Oct 1842 - 16 Mar 1843 Juan Francisco de
Vidal La Hoz (b. 1800 - d.
1869) Mil
(acting; in rebellion from 28 Jul 1842)
16 Mar 1843 - 20 Mar 1843 Justo Figuerola y
Estrada
(b. 1771 - d. 1854)
(1st time) (acting)
20 Mar 1843 - 17 Jun 1844 Manuel Ignacio de
Vivanco e
(s.a.)
Mil
Iturralde (Supreme Director, in rebellion from
20 Feb 1843 and continuing to 22 Jul 1844)
3 Sep 1843 - 17 Feb 1844 Domingo
Nieto
Márquez
(b. 1803 - d. 1844) Mil
(president of the Provisional Supreme Governing
Junta of "Free Departments", in rebellion)
21 Feb 1844 - 10 Dec 1844 Ramón Castilla y
Marquesado (b.
1797 - d. 1867)
(president of the Provisional Supreme Governing
Junta of "Free Departments", in rebellion to 31
Aug 1844)
17 Jun 1844 - 10 Aug 1844 Domingo Elías y
Carbajo (1st time) (b. 1805 - d. 1867)
(Political and Military Chief)
10 Aug 1844 - 11 Aug 1844 Manuel Menéndez y
Gorozabel
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
11 Aug 1844 - 7 Oct 1844 Justo
Figuerola y
Estrada
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
7 Oct 1844 - 20 Apr 1845 Manuel
Menéndez y
Gorozabel
(s.a.)
(3rd time) (acting)
20 Apr 1845 - 20 Apr 1851 Ramón Castilla y
Marquesado
(s.a.)
Mil
(1st time)
20 Apr 1851 - 5 Jan 1855 José Rufino
Echenique y Benavente (b. 1808 - d. 1887)
Mil
20 Dec 1853 - 7 Jan 1854
Domingo Elías y Carbajo (2nd time) (s.a.)
(Political Chief, in rebellion)
5 Jan 1855 - 24 Oct 1862 Ramón
Castilla y
Marquesado
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)(provisional [in rebellion from 1 May 1854]
to 24 Oct 1858)
24 Oct 1862 - 3 Apr 1863 Miguel de
San Román y
Meza (b.
1802 - d. 1863) Mil
3 Apr 1863 - 9 Apr 1863 Ramón
Castilla y
Marquesado
(s.a.)
Mil
(3rd time)(acting)
9 Apr 1863 - 5 Aug 1863 Pedro
Diez Canseco y Corbacho
(b. 1815 - d. 1893) Mil
(1st time)(acting)
5 Aug 1863 - 8 Nov 1865 Juan
Antonio Pezet y Rodríguez (b.
1809 - d. 1879) Mil
Piedra (acting)
1 Mar 1865 - 24 Jun 1865 Mariano
Ignacio Prado
Ochoa (b. 1826
- d. 1901) Mil
(Provisional Supreme Chief, in rebellion)
8 Nov 1865 - 28 Nov 1865 Pedro Diez Canseco
y Corbacho
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)(acting, in rebellion from 25 Jun 1865)
28 Nov 1865 - 7 Jan 1868 Mariano
Ignacio Prado Ochoa
(s.a.)
Mil
(1st time)(Provisional Supreme Chief
to 15 Feb 1867; provisional to 31 Aug
1867)
7 Jan 1868
Luis La Puerta y
Mendoza
(b. 1811 - d. 1896) Mil
(President of the Council of Ministers, declines
office)
7 Jan 1868 - 2 Aug 1868 Pedro
Diez Canseco y Corbacho
(s.a.)
Mil
(3rd time)(acting, in rebellion from 22 Sep 1867)
2 Aug 1868 - 22 Jul 1872 José Toribio
Balta
Montero
(b. 1814 - d. 1872) Mil
22 Jul 1872 - 26 Jul 1872 Tomás Gutiérrez
Rojas
(d.
1872)
Mil
(Supreme Chief; de facto to 23 Jul
1872)
26 Jul 1872 - 2 Aug 1872 Mariano
Herencia Zevallos (acting) (b. 1820 - d. 1873) Mil
2 Aug 1872 - 2 Aug 1876 Manuel
Pardo y
Lavalle
(b. 1834 - d. 1878) PC
2 Aug 1876 - 23 Dec 1879 Mariano
Ignacio Prado Ochoa
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)
23 Dec 1879 - 12 Mar 1881 José Nicolás Baltasar
Fernández (b. 1839 - d. 1913) PN
de Piérola y Villena (1st time)
(Supreme Chief, continuing in rebellion to 31 Jul 1881
and then as President to 28 Nov 1881)
12 Mar 1881 - 28 Sep 1881 Francisco García
Calderón y (b. 1834
- d. 1905)
Martínez Landa (provisional)
(nominally
continues until arrest & deportation 6 Nov 1881)
Chilean Governor
17 May 1881 - 23 Oct 1883 Patricio Lynch
Solo de Zaldívar (b. 1824 - d.
1886) Mil
Presidents
- In opposition to Chilean occupation, two
insurrectionary governments developed:
(1)
15 Nov 1881 - 28 Oct 1883 Lizardo Montero
Flores (acting) (b. 1832 - d.
1905) Mil
28 Oct 1883 - 3 Dec 1885 Andrés
Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray
(b. 1833 - d. 1923)
(acting to 16 Jul 1884)
(2)
31 Aug 1882 - 3 Dec 1885 Miguel
Iglesias Pino de
Arce (b. 1830 - d.
1909)
(Supreme Chief to 30 Dec 1882, "Regenerator President"
30 Dec 1882 - 2 Mar 1884, then provisional)
3 Dec 1885 - 3 Jun 1886 Antonio
Arenas
Merino
(b. 1808 - d. 1891)
(President of the Council of Ministers)
3 Jun 1886 - 10 Aug 1890 Andrés
Avelino Cáceres Dorregaray
(s.a.)
Mil
(1st time)
10 Aug 1890 - 1 Apr 1894 Remigio
Morales
Bermúdez
(b. 1836 - d. 1894) Mil
1 Apr 1894 - 10 Aug 1894 Justiniano
Borgoño Castañeda
(b. 1836 - d. 1921) Mil
(acting)
10 Aug 1894 - 20 Mar 1895 Andrés Avelino
Cáceres Dorregaray
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)
20 Mar 1895 - 8 Sep 1895 Manuel
González de Candamo Iriarte (b. 1841 - d. 1904)
Mil
(1st time)(President of Governing Junta)
8 Sep 1895 - 8 Sep 1899 José
Nicolás Baltasar Fernández de
(s.a.)
PD
Piérola y Villena (2nd time)
8 Sep 1899 - 8 Sep 1903 Eduardo
López de Romaña y Alvizuri (b. 1847 - d. 1912) PC
8 Sep 1903 - 7 May 1904 Manuel
González de Candamo Iriarte
(s.a.)
PC
(2nd time)
7 May 1904 - 24 Sep 1904 Serapio
Calderón Chirinos (acting) (b. 1843 - d. 1922)
24 Sep 1904 - 24 Sep 1908 José Simón Pardo
y
Barreda
(b. 1864 - d. 1947) PC
(1st time)
24 Sep 1908 - 24 Sep 1912 Augusto
Bernardino Leguía
y (b. 1863 -
d. 1932) PDR
Salcedo (1st time)
24 Sep 1912 - 4 Feb 1914 Guillermo E.
Billinghurst Angulo (b. 1851 - d.
1915) PD
4 Feb 1914 - 18 Aug 1915 Óscar
Raymundo Benavides Larrea (b. 1876 -
d. 1945) Mil
(1st time)(junta chairman to 15 May 1914)
18 Aug 1915 - 4 Jul 1919 José Simón
Pardo y
Barreda
(s.a.)
PC
(2nd time)
4 Jul 1919 - 25 Aug 1930 Augusto
Bernardino Leguía
y
(s.a.)
PDR
Salcedo (2nd time)
(provisional to 12 Oct 1919)
25 Aug 1930 - 27 Aug 1930 Manuel María
Ponce Brousset
(b. 1874 - d. 1966) Mil
(chairman military junta)
27 Aug 1930 - 1 Mar 1931 Luis Miguel
Sánchez
Cerro
(b. 1889 - d. 1933) Mil
(1st time)(in rebellion from 22 Aug 1930;
chairman [to 29 Aug 1930, military] junta)
1 Mar 1931
(hours) Mariano
Holguín
Maldonado
(b. 1860 - d. 1945) Non-party
(chairman of the assembly)
1 Mar 1931 - 5 Mar 1931 Ricardo
Leoncio Elías
Arias (b. 1874
- d. 1951) Non-party
(chairman provisional junta)
5 Mar 1931 - 11 Mar 1931 Gustavo A.
Jiménez
(b. 1886 - d. 1933) Mil
(chairman transitional junta)
11 Mar 1931 - 8 Dec 1931 David
Samanez Ocampo y Sobrino (b.
1886 - d. 1947)
(chairman National Junta)
8 Dec 1931 - 30 Apr 1933 Luis Miguel
Sánchez
Cerro
(s.a.)
UR
(2nd time)
30 Apr 1933
(hours) José Matías
Manzanilla Barrientos (b. 1867 - d. 1947)
(acting)
30 Apr 1933 - 8 Dec 1939 Óscar
Raymundo Benavides Larrea
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)
8 Dec 1939 - 28 Jul 1945 Manuel Prado
y Ugarteche (1st time)(b. 1889 - d. 1967) CC
28 Jul 1945 - 29 Oct 1948 José Luis
Bustamante y Rivero (b.
1894 - d. 1989) FDN
29 Oct 1948 - 1 Jun 1950 José Manuel
Arturo Odría Amoretti (b. 1897 - d.
1974) Mil
(1st time)(provisional to 31 Oct
1948, then chairman military junta)
1 Jun 1950 - 28 Jul 1950 Zenón
Noriega
Agüero
(b. 1900 - d. 1957) Mil
(chairman military junta)
28 Jul 1950 - 28 Jul 1956 José Manuel
Arturo Odría Amoretti (s.a.)
PRP
(2nd time)
28 Jul 1956 - 18 Jul 1962 Manuel Prado y
Ugarteche (2nd
time)(s.a.)
MDP
18 Jul 1962 - 20 Jul 1962 Ricardo Pío Pérez
Godoy
(b. 1905 - d. 1982) Mil
+ Nicolás Eduardo Lindley López (b.
1908 - d. 1995) Mil
+ Juan Francisco Torres
Matos (b. 1906 - d.
1995) Mil
+ Pedro Vargas Prada
Peirano (b. 1912 -
d. 1997) Mil
(commanders-in-chief)
20 Jul 1962 - 3 Mar 1963 Ricardo Pío
Pérez
Godoy
(s.a.)
Mil
(junta chairman)
3 Mar 1963 - 28 Jul 1963 Nicolás
Eduardo Lindley López
(s.a.)
Mil
(junta chairman)
28 Jul 1963 - 3 Oct 1968 Fernando
Belaúnde Terry (1st time) (b. 1912 - d. 2002) AP
3 Oct 1968
(hours) Revolutionary
Junta
- Juan Francisco Velasco Alvarado (b. 1910 - d.
1977) Mil
- Mario Castro de Mendoza
Mil
- Alberto López Causillas
Mil
3 Oct 1968
(hours) Revolutionary
Junta
- Ernesto Montagne
Sánchez
(b. 1916 - d. 1993) Mil
- Raúl Ríos Pardo de Zela
(d. 1974)
Mil
- Alberto López Causillas
Mil
3 Oct 1968 - 30 Aug 1975 Juan
Francisco Velasco Alvarado
(s.a.)
Mil
30 Aug 1975
(hours) Revolutionary
Junta
- Óscar Vargas
Prieto
(b. 1917 - d. 1989) Mil
- César Podestá Jiménez
(d. 1995)
Mil
- Jorge Parodi Galliani
Mil
30 Aug 1975 - 28 Jul 1980 Francisco Morales
Bermúdez Cerruti (b.
1921)
Mil
28 Jul 1980 - 28 Jul 1985 Fernando Belaúnde
Terry (2nd time)
(s.a.)
AP
28 Jul 1985 - 28 Jul 1990 Alan Gabriel
Ludwig García Pérez (b.
1949)
APRA
(1st time)
28 Jul 1990 - 22 Nov 2000 Alberto Keinya
Fujimori
(b.
1938)
NM-C'90
22 Nov 2000 - 28 Jul 2001 Valentín Demetrio
Paniagua Corazao (b. 1936 - d. 2006) AP
28 Jul 2001 - 28 Jul 2006 Alejandro
Celestino
Toledo
(b.
1946)
PP
Manrique
28 Jul 2006 - 28 Jul 2011 Alan Gabriel
Ludwig García Pérez
(s.a.)
APRA
(2nd time)
28 Jul 2011 -
Ollanta Moisés Humala Tasso
(b. 1962)
PNP
Prime ministers (presidents of the Council of
Ministers)
Dec 1856 –
1857
Juan Manuel del Mar
Bernedo (b.
1805 - d. 1862)
1857 – 15 Jul
1858
José Maria Raygada y
Gallo
(b. 1795 - d. 1859) Mil
(1st
time)
15 Jul 1858 - 24 Oct 1858 Miguel Pascual San Román
y Meza
(s.a.)
Mil
1858 - 15 Feb
1859
José Maria Raygada y
Gallo
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd
time)
1859 –
1861
Vacant?
1861 - 1862
Juan Antonio Pezet y
Rodríguez (s.a.)
Mil
Piedra
24 Oct 1862 - 3 Apr 1863 José Gregorio Paz
Soldán y Ureta (b. 1808 - d. 1875)
10 Apr 1863 - 11 Aug 1864 Juan Antonio
Ribeyro Estrada (b.
1810 - d. 1886)
11 Aug 1864 - 14 Oct 1864 José Manuel
Costas Arce (b.
1820 - d. 1883)
14 Oct 1864 - 3 Apr 1865
José Allende (1st time)
(b. 1793 - d. 1873) Mil
3 Apr 1865 - 12 Jul 1865 Manuel Ignacio
de Vivanco e
(s.a.)
Mil
Iturralde
12 Jul 1865 - 6 Nov 1865 Pedro José
Calderón
(b. 1832 - d. 1885)
26 Sep 1865 - 6 Nov 1865 Juan Antonio
Ugarteche
(b. 1804 - d. 1872) Mil
(appointed by Mariano Ignacio Prado
Ochoa;
in rebellion)
9 Nov 1865 - 26 Nov 1865 Francisco Javier
Mariátegui y
(b. 1793 - d. 1884)
Tellería
26 Nov 1865 - 15 Feb 1867 Mariano Ignacio Prado
Ochoa (s.a.)
Mil
2 Mar 1867 - 26 Apr 1867 Pedro
José Tordoya Montoya
(b. 1813 - d. 1883)
3 Jun 1867 - 1 Sep 1868 Pedro Paz
Soldán y Ureta (1st time)(b. 1809 - d. 1876)
Sep 1867 - 12 Oct 1867 Luis La
Puerta y Mendoza
(s.a.)
Mil
12 Oct 1867 - 8 Jan 1868
Pedro Paz Soldán y Ureta (2nd time)(s.a.)
22 Jan 1868 - 2 Aug 1868 Antonio Arenas
Merino (1st time) (s.a.)
1868 - 2 Aug
1871 José
Toribio Balta Montero
(s.a.)
Mil
2 Aug 1871 - 7 Dec 1871 José
Allende (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Mil
Dec 1871 - 25 Jul 1872 José Jorge Loayza
(1st time) (b. 1827
- d. 1904)
27 Jul 1872 - 3 Sep 1873 José Miguel
Medina Elera
(b. 1804 - d. 1884) Mil
1873 - 1874
José de la Riva-Agüero y
Looz (b. 1827 - d. 1881)
Corswaren
1874 - 1 Feb 1875
José Eusebio Sánchez
Pedraza (b. 1823 -
d. 1903)
1 Feb 1875 - 2 Aug 1876 Nicolás Freyre
Gonzalez
(b. 1808 - d. 1887) Mil
2 Aug 1876 - 26 Aug 1876 Antonio
Arenas Merino (2nd time) (s.a.)
26 Aug 1876 - 4 Jun 1877 Teodoro La
Rosa
(b. 1818 - d. 1882)
4 Jun 1877 - 18 Jun 1878 Juan Buendía
Noriega
(b. 1816 - d. 1895) Mil
18 Jun 1878 - 17 Dec 1878 José Jorge Loayza
(2nd time) (s.a.)
17 Dec 1878 - 19 May 1879 Manuel Irigoyen
Larrea (1st time) (b. 1830 - d. 1912)
19 May 1879 - 16 Oct 1879 Manuel de
Mendiburu
Bonet
(b. 1805 - d. 1885) Mil
16 Oct 1879 - 23 Dec 1879 Manuel Gonzáles
de la Cotera (d. 1884)
Mil
12 Mar 1881 - 18 Jul 1881 Aurélio Denegri
Valega (1st time) (b. 1840 - d. 1909)
18 Jul 1881 - 6 Nov 1881 Camilo
Nicanor Carrillo Martínez (b. 1830 - d.
1901) Mil
6 Nov 1881 - 3 Jan 1883 Vacant
3 Jan 1883 - 27 Aug 1883 Lorenzo Iglesias
Pino de Arce (b. 1844 - d. 1885)
27 Aug 1883 - 7 Apr 1884 Manuel
Antonio Barinaga (1st time) (d. 1897)
7 Apr 1884 - 14 May 1885 Mariano
Castro Zaldívar Iglesias (b. 1828 - d. 1906)
14 May 1885 - 2 Dec 1885 José
Joaquín Iglesias Pino de Arce (b. 1822 - d. 1888)
2 Dec 1885 - 3 Jun 1886 Antonio
Arenas Merino (3rd time) (s.a.)
3 Jun 1886 - 6 Oct 1886 Pedro
Alejandrino del Solar Gabans (b. 1829 - d. 1909)
(1st time)
6 Oct 1886 - 22 Nov 1886 José Nicolas
Araníbar y Llano (b. 1835 - d. 1903)
22 Nov 1886 - 22 Aug 1887 Pedro Alejandrino
del Solar Gabans (s.a.)
(2nd time)
22 Aug 1887 - 12 Sep 1887 Mariano Santos
Álvarez Villegas (b. 1823 - d. 1893)
12 Sep 1887 - 5 Oct 1887 Carlos Maria
Elías y de la (b. 1841 - d.
1907)
Quintana (1st time)
5 Oct 1887 - 8 Nov 1887
Raymundo Morales Arias (interim) (b. 1857 - d.
1920)
8 Nov 1887 - 8 Mar 1889 Aurélio
Denegri Valega (2nd time) (s.a.)
8 Mar 1889 - 4 Apr 1889 José
Mariano Jiménez
Wald
(b. 1843 - d. 1901)
(1st time)
4 Apr 1889 - 10 Feb 1890 Pedro
Alejandrino del Solar Gabans (s.a.)
(3rd time)
11 Feb 1890 - 10 Aug 1890 Manuel Irigoyen
Larrea (2nd time) (s.a.)
10 Aug 1890 - 24 Jul 1891 Mariano Nicolás
Valcárcel Salazar (b. 1850 - d. 1921)
24 Jul 1891 - 14 Aug 1891 Alberto Elmore
Fernández de
(b. 1844 - d. 1916)
Córdoba (1st time)(acting)
14 Aug 1891 - 24 Aug 1891 Federico Herrera
(1st time) (b.
1845 - d. ....)
24 Aug 1891 - 14 Oct 1891 Justiniano
Borgoño Castañeda
(s.a.)
Mil
14 Oct 1891 - 14 Apr 1892 Federico Herrera
(2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting to 27 Nov 1891)
14 Apr 1892 - 30 Jun 1892 Juan Ibarra
(acting to 2 May 1892)
30 Jun 1892 - 3 Mar 1893 Carlos Maria
Elías y de la (s.a.)
Quintana (2nd time)
3 Mar 1893 - 11 May 1893 Manuel
Velarde
Seoane
(b. 1833 - d. 1900) Mil
11 May 1893 - 1 Apr 1894 José Mariano
Jiménez
Wald
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
1 Apr 1894 - 10 Aug 1894 Baltasar
García Urrutia Muro (b. 1838 - d.
1890)
10 Aug 1894 - 16 Nov 1894 Cesáreo
Chacaltana
Reyes
(b. 1845 - d. 1906)
(1st time)
16 Nov 1894 - 21 Mar 1895 Manuel Irigoyen
Larrea (3nd time) (s.a.)
8 Sep 1895 - 30 Nov 1895 Antonio
Bentín y La Fuente (b. 1826
- d. 1897) PD
30 Nov 1895 - 8 Aug 1896 Manuel
Antonio Barinaga (2nd time) (s.a.)
8 Aug 1896 - 25 Nov 1897 Manuel Pablo
Olaechea Guerrero (b. 1843 - d.
1913) PD
25 Nov 1897 - 16 May 1898 Alejandro López
de Romaña Alvizuri (d. 1912)
16 May 1898 - 8 Sep 1899 José Jorge
Loayza (3rd time)
(s.a.)
8 Sep 1899 - 14 Dec 1899 Manuel María
Gálvez Egúsquiza (b. 1838
- d. 1917)
14 Dec 1899 - 30 Aug 1900 Enrique de la
Riva Agüero y Looz (b. 1857 - d. 1930)
PC
Corswaren (1st time)
30 Aug 1900 - 2 Oct 1900 Enrique
Coronel Zegarra y Cortés (b. 1851 - d.
1919) PD
2 Oct 1900 - 11 Sep 1901 Manuel
Domingo Melquiades de (b.
1848 - d. 1931)
Almenara Butler
11 Sep 1901 - 9 Aug 1902 Cesáreo
Chacaltana
Reyes
(s.a.)
PC
(2nd time)
9 Aug 1902 - 4 Nov 1902 Cesáreo
Octavio Deustua Escarza (b. 1849 - d.
1945)
4 Nov 1902 - 8 Sep 1903 Eugenio
Larrabure y
Unanue
(b. 1844 - d. 1916)
8 Sep 1903 - 14 May 1904 José Pardo y
Barreda
(s.a.)
PC
14 May 1904 - 24 Sep 1904 Alberto Elmore
Fernández de
(s.a.)
Córdoba (2nd time)
24 Sep 1904 - 1 Aug 1907 Augusto
Bernardino Leguía
y
(s.a.)
PC
Salcedo
1 Aug 1907 - 9 Oct 1907 Agustín
Tovar Aguilar
(b. 1869 - d. 19..)
9 Oct 1907 - 24 Sep 1908 Carlos
Alberto Washburn Salas (b.
1854 - d. 1925)
Fuenzalida
24 Sep 1908 - 8 Jun 1909 Eulogio I. Romero
Salcedo
(b. 1855 - d. 1931)
8 Jun 1909 - 14 Mar 1910 Rafael
Fernández de Villanueva (b. 1839
- d. 1931)
Cortez
14 Mar 1910 - 3 Aug 1910 Javier Prado
y
Ugarteche
(b. 1871 - d. 1921)
3 Aug 1910 - 3 Nov 1910 Germán
Schreiber
Waddington (b.
1862 - d. 1930)
(1st time)
3 Nov 1910 - 27 Dec 1910 José
Salvador Cavero Ovalle
(b. 1850 - d. 1940)
27 Dec 1910 - 31 Aug 1911 Enrique C.
Basadre Stevenson
(b. 1848 - d. 1925)
31 Aug 1911 - 24 Sep 1912 Agustín Guillermo
Ganoza Cavero (b. 1854 - d. 1926)
24 Sep 1912 - 23 Dec 1912 Elías Malpartida
Franco
(b. 1842 - d. 1924) PD
24 Dec 1912 - 24 Feb 1913 Enrique Varela
Vidaurre (1st time) (b. 18.. - d. 1914)
Mil
24 Feb 1913 - 17 Jun 1913 Federico Luna y
Peralta (b.
1853 - d. 1927)
17 Jun 1913 - 27 Jul 1913 Aurelio Sousa
Matute (1st time) (b. 1860 - d. 1925)
27 Jul 1913 - 4 Feb 1914 Enrique
Varela Vidaurre (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Mil
16 May 1914 - 1 Aug 1914 Pedro E.
Muñiz Sevilla
(b. 1862 - d. 1915) Mil
1 Aug 1914 - 22 Aug 1914 Manuel
Melitón
Carvajal
(b. 1847 - d. 1935)
22 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1914 Aurelio Sousa
Matute (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Nov 1914 - 19 Feb 1915 Germán Schreiber
Waddington
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
19 Feb 1915 - 24 Sep 1915 Carlos Isaac
Abril
Galindo
(b. 1863 - d. 1925)
24 Sep 1915 - 27 Jul 1917 Enrique de la
Riva Agüero y Looz (s.a.)
PC
Corswaren (2nd time)
27 Jul 1917 - 18 Dec 1918 Francisco Tudela
y
Varela
(b. 1876 - d. 1962) PC
18 Dec 1918 - 26 Apr 1919 Germán Arenas
Zuñiga (1st time) (b. 1871 - d.
1948) PC
26 Apr 1919 - 4 Jul 1919 Juan Manuel
Zuloaga
(b. 1862 - d. 1944) Mil
4 Jul 1919 - 7 Oct 1922 Germán
Leguía y Martínez Jakeway (b. 1861 - d.
1928) PDR
7 Oct 1922 - 12 Oct 1924 Julio
Enrique Ego-Aguirre Dongo (b.
1865 - d. 19..) PDR
12 Oct 1924 - 7 Dec 1926 Alejandrino
Maguiña
(b. 1864 - d. 1935)
7 Dec 1926 - 12 Oct 1929 Pedro José
Rada y
Gamio
(b. 1873 - d. 1938) PDR
12 Oct 1929 - 23 Aug 1930 Benjamín Huamán
de los Heros (b.
1878 - d. 1936) PDR
23 Aug 1930 - 25 Aug 1930 Fernando
Sarmiento Ramírez
(b. 1874 - d. 1939) Mil
25 Aug 1930 – 24 Nov 1930 Luis Miguel Sanchez del
Cerro
(s.a.)
Mil
24 Nov 1930 – 1 Mar 1931 Antonio Beingolea
Balarezo (b. 1881 - d.
1950) Mil
8 Dec 1931 - 28 Jan 1932 Germán
Arenas Zuñiga (2nd time) (s.a.)
29 Jan 1932 - 13 Apr 1932 Francisco R.
Lanatta Ramírez
(b. 1879 - d. 1945)
13 Apr 1932 - 20 May 1932 Luis Angel
Flores
(b. 1899 - d. 1969) UR
21 May 1932 - 24 Dec 1932 Ricardo
Rivadeneira Barnuevo
(b. 1872 - d. 1954) UR
24 Dec 1932 - 29 Jun 1933 José Matías
Manzanilla Barrientos
(s.a.)
Ind
29 Jun 1933 - 24 Nov 1933 Jorge Prado y
Ugarteche
(b. 1889 - d. 1967)
24 Nov 1933 - 18 May 1934 José de la
Riva-Agüero y Osma (b.
1885 - d. 1944)
24 Dec 1934 - May 1935
Carlos Arenas y
Loayza
(b. 1885 - d. 1955) Ind
May 1935 - 13 Apr 1936 Manuel
Esteban Rodríguez Davila (b. 1883 - d.
1952) Mil
8 Dec 1936 - 12 Apr 1939 Ernesto
Montagne
Markholz
(b. 1885 - d. 1954) Mil
12 Apr 1939 - 8 Dec 1939 Alberto Rey
de Castro y Romaña (b. 1869 - d.
1961)
8 Dec 1939 - 3 Dec 1944 Alfredo Solf y
Muro
(b. 1872 - d. 1969)
3 Dec 1944 - 28 Jul 1945 Manuel
Cisneros Sánchez (1st time) (b. 1904 - d. 1971)
28 Jul 1945 - 31 Jan 1946 Rafael Belaúnde
Diez Canseco (b.
1886 - d. 1970)
31 Jan 1946 - 12 Jan 1947 Julio Ernesto
Portugal Escobedo (b. 1894 - d. 1972)
12 Jan 1947 - 30 Oct 1947 José R. Alzamora
Freundt (b. 1891 - d.
1953) Mil
27 Feb 1948 - 17 Jun 1948 Roque Augusto
Saldías Maninat (b. 1892 -
d. 1974) Mil
(1st time)
17 Jun 1948 - 27 Oct 1948 Armando Revoredo
Iglesias
(b. 1896 - d. 1978) Mil
28 Jul 1950 - 9 Aug 1954 Zenón
Noriega
Agüero
(s.a.)
Mil
9 Aug 1954 - 28 Jul 1956 Roque
Augusto Saldías Maninat
(s.a.)
Mil
(2nd time)
28 Jul 1956 - 9 Jun 1958 Manuel
Cisneros Sánchez (2nd time)
(s.a.)
MDP
9 Jun 1958 - 17 Jul 1959 Luis Gallo
Porras
(b. 1893 - d. 1972) MDP
17 Jul 1959 - 24 Nov 1961 Pedro Gerardo
Beltrán Espantoso (b. 1897 - d.
1979) MDP
24 Nov 1961 - 18 Jul 1962 Carlos Moreyra y
Paz Soldán (b.
1898 - d. 1981) MDP
18 Jul 1962 - 28 Jul 1963 Nicolás Eduardo
Lindley López
(s.a.)
Mil
28 Jul 1963 - 31 Dec 1963 Julio Óscar
Trelles
Montes
(b. 1904 - d. 1990) AP
31 Dec 1963 - 15 Sep 1965 Fernando Schwalb
López-Aldana (b. 1916 - d.
2002) AP
(1st time)
15 Sep 1965 - 6 Sep 1967 Daniel
Becerra de la
Flor
(b. 1906 - d. 1987) AP
6 Sep 1967 - 17 Nov 1967 Edgardo
Seoane
Corrales
(b. 1903 - d. 1978) AP
17 Nov 1967 - 30 May 1968 Raúl Ferrero
Rebagliati
(b. 1911 - d. 1977) DC
30 May 1968 - 2 Oct 1968 Oswaldo
Hercelles
García
(b. 1908 - d. 1969) Ind
2 Oct 1968 - 3 Oct 1968 Miguel
Mujica
Gallo
(b. 1910 - d. 2001) Ind
3 Oct 1968 - 31 Jan 1973 Ernesto
Montagne
Sánchez
(s.a.)
Mil
31 Jan 1973 - 1 Feb 1975 Luis Edgardo
Mercado Jarrín
(b. 1919 - d. 2012) Mil
1 Feb 1975 - 30 Aug 1975 Francisco
Morales
Bermúdez
(s.a.)
Mil
30 Aug 1975 - 31 Jan 1976 Óscar Vargas
Prieto
(s.a.)
Mil
31 Jan 1976 - 16 Jul 1976 Jorge Fernández
Maldonado Solari (b. 1922 - d. 2000)
Mil
17 Jul 1976 - 30 Jan 1978 Guillermo Arbulú
Galliani
(b. 1922 - d. 1998) Mil
30 Jan 1978 - 31 Jan 1979 Óscar Molina
Pallochia
(b. 1921 - d. 1990) Mil
31 Jan 1979 - 28 Jul 1980 Pedro Richter
Prada
(b.
1921)
Mil
28 Jul 1980 - 3 Jan 1983 Manuel Ulloa
Elías
(b. 1922 - d. 1992) AP
3 Jan 1983 - 10 Apr 1984 Fernando
Schwalb López-Aldana
(s.a.)
AP
(2nd time)
10 Apr 1984 - 12 Oct 1984 Sandro Mariátegui
Chiappe
(b.
1922)
AP
12 Oct 1984 - 28 Jul 1985 Luis Ciro
Pércovich
Roca
(b.
1931)
AP
28 Jul 1985 - 26 Jun 1987 Luis Juan Alva
Castro
(b.
1942)
APRA
26 Jun 1987 - 17 May 1988 Guillermo Larco
Cox (1st time) (b. 1932 - d.
2002) APRA
17 May 1988 - 15 May 1989 Armando
Villanueva del Campo
(b. 1915 - d. 2013) APRA
15 May 1989 - 30 Sep 1989 Luis Alberto
Felix
Sánchez
(b. 1900 - d. 1994) APRA
30 Sep 1989 - 28 Jul 1990 Guillermo Larco
Cox (2nd time)
(s.a.)
APRA
28 Jul 1990 - 15 Feb 1991 Juan Carlos
Hurtado
Miller
(b.
1940)
C'90
15 Feb 1991 - 6 Nov 1991 Carlos
Torres y Torres
Lara (b. 1942
- d. 2000) C'90
6 Nov 1991 - 6 Apr 1992 Alfonso
de los Heros Perez Alba (b.
1940)
C'90
6 Apr 1992 - 28 Aug 1993 Óscar de la
Puente
Raygada
(b.
1938)
C'90
28 Aug 1993 - 17 Feb 1994 Alfonso
Bustamante y Bustamante (b.
1941)
C'90
17 Feb 1994 - 28 Jul 1995 Efraín Goldenberg
Schreiber (b.
1929)
C'90
28 Jul 1995 - 3 Apr 1996 Dante
Córdova
Blanco
(b.
1943)
NM-C'90
3 Apr 1996 - 4 Jun 1998 Alberto
Pandolfi Arbulú (1st time) (b.
1940)
NM-C'90
4 Jun 1998 - 21 Aug 1998 Javier Valle
Riestra González (b.
1932)
Ind
Olachea
21 Aug 1998 - 3 Jan 1999 Alberto
Pandolfi Arbulú (2nd time)
(s.a.)
NM-C'90
3 Jan 1999 - 10 Oct 1999 Víctor
Dionicio Joy Way Rojas (b.
1947)
C'90
10 Oct 1999 - 29 Jul 2000 José
Alberto Bustamante Belaúnde (b. 1950 - d.
2008) Ind
29 Jul 2000 - 25 Nov 2000 Federico Salas
Guevara Schultz (b.
1950)
Ind
25 Nov 2000 - 28 Jul 2001 Javier Pérez de
Cuélla de la (b.
1920)
Ind
Guerra
28 Jul 2001 - 12 Jul 2002 Roberto Enrique
Dañino Zapata (b.
1951)
Ind
12 Jul 2002 - 28 Jun 2003 Luis Solari de la
Puente
(b.
1948)
PP
28 Jun 2003 - 15 Dec 2003 Martha Beatriz
Merino Lucero (f) (b.
1947)
Ind
15 Dec 2003 - 16 Aug 2005 Carlos Ferrero
Costa
(b.
1941)
PP
16 Aug 2005 - 28 Jul 2006 Pedro Pablo
Kuczynski Goddard (b.
1938)
Ind
28 Jul 2006 - 14 Oct 2008 Jorge del
Castillo Gálvez
(b.
1950)
APRA
14 Oct 2008 - 11 Jul 2009 Yehude Simon
Munaro
(b. 1947)
PHP
11 Jul 2009 - 14 Sep 2010 Angel Javier Velásquez
Quesquén (b. 1960)
APRA
14 Sep 2010 - 19 Mar 2011
José Antonio Chang Escobedo
(b. 1958)
APRA
19 Mar 2011 - 28 Jul 2011 Rosario del Pilar
Fernández (b. 1955)
Ind
Figueroa (f)
28 Jul 2011 - 11 Dec 2011
Salomón Lerner Ghitis
(b. 1946)
Ind
11 Dec 2011 - 23 Jul 2012
Óscar Eduardo Valdés Dancuart
(b. 1949)
Ind
23 Jul 2012
-
Juan Federico Jiménez Mayor
(b. 1964)
Ind
![[ Flag of modern Inca people ]](inca.gif)
Flag of modern Inca
people
Territorial Disputes: Chile and Ecuador rejected Peru's Nov 2005 unilateral legislation to shift the axis of their joint treaty-defined maritime boundaries along the parallels of latitude to an equidistance lines which favor Peru; In Jan 2008 Peru filed suit against Chile at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over the disputed maritime boundary; organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia have penetrated Peru's shared border; Peru rejects Bolivia's claim to restore maritime access through a sovereign corridor through Chile along the Peruvian border.
Party abbreviations: AP = Acción
Popular (People's Action, conservative liberal,
est.1956); APRA = Alianza Popular Revolucionaria
Americana "Aprista" (American Revolutionary People's
Alliance, left-wing populist, est.1924); DC =
Partido Democrata Cristiano (Christian Democratic
Party); Ind = Independiente (Independent);
PHP = Partido Movimiento Humanista
Peruano (Peruvian Humanist Movement Party,
regional, socialist); PL
= Partido Liberal (Liberal Party); PNP = Partido
Nacionalista Peruano (Peruvian
Nationalist Party, socialist, nationalist, est.2005);
PP = Perú Posible (Possible Peru, A. Toldedo
personalist, centerist, est.1994); Mil =
Military;
- Former parties: A
= Avante (Forwards); AP-DC = Acción
Popular-Partido Democrata Cristiano (Acción Popular and
Christian Democratic Party coalition, est.1956); CC
= Coalición Conservadora (Conservative
Coalition); C'90 =
Cambio '90 (Change 1990, center-right, Fujimori
personalist, 1990-2010, in coalition with NM
1995-2000); FD = Frente
Democrático "FREDEMO" (Democratic Front, conservative
coalition 1989-90); FDN = Frente Democrático
Nacional (National Dmocration Front, APRA-based
coalition, 1944-1948); MDP = Movimiento
Democrático de Pradista (Pradista [later Peruvian]
Democratic Movement, 1956-c.1980); PC = Partido
Civil (Civil Party, moderate, anti-militarist,
1871-1920); NM = Nueva Mayoriá (New Majority,
conservative, Fujimori personalist, 1992-2011, in
coalition with C'90 1995-2000); PD = Partido
Democráta (Democratic Party, 1884-c.1913); PDR
= Partido Democratico Reformista (Democratic Reformist
Party); PN = Partido Nacional (National
Party); PRP = Partido Restaurador del Perú
(Peruvian Restoration Party); UR = Unión
Revolucionaria (Revolutionary Union, anti-liberal,
anti-communist, 1931-c.1980)
©2000 Ben Cahoon