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Tanganyika Traditional Polities

Note: This is a selection from the very large collection of traditional polities in Tanganyika. All these polities that survived to Tanganyika independence were abolished, or
at least derecognized, when Tanganyika became a republic on 9 Dec 1962. This end date is not repeated for each of the listed entries.

Buddu (also known as Kivumbiro)

c.1890                     Named Missenyi.

Rulers
.... - ....                Kakoko
.... - ....                Araki
.... - ....                Mtutura
.... - ....                Wonye
.... - ....                Rukika I
.... - ....                Kagoro
.... - ....                Nyamtura
.... - ....                Camkuma
.... - ....                Rukika II


Buhaya

(1) Bugabo

.... - 1860                Incorporated into Karagwe and then into Kyamutwara.
1942                       Reverts to Kyamutwara.

Rulers (title Omukama)
.... - ....                Bunyonya
.... - ....                Kiteite
                             [last before incorporation into Karagwe]
1860 - 1895                Kahiyoza (Kayoza)
1895 - 1899                Rutahigwa
1899 - 1910                Rwakyendera
1910 - 1927                Rugacwa
1927 - 1937                Gabriel Rutalemwa
1937 - 1942                Lweikiza


(2) Bugando

Rulers
.... - ....                Rweyasiza
.... - 1867                Bucenera
1867 - 1905                Ruhasuka
1905 - 19..                Mutambukwa


(3) Buhindi

Rulers
.... - ....                Kiru
.... - ....                Kazweiguru
.... - ....                Mumuga
.... - ....                Mutahabuza


(4) Bukome

1907                       Incorporated into East Ussuwi.

Rulers
.... - ....                Runyoma
.... - ....                Kyamazobya
.... - ....                Rwangaza
.... - 1907                Rwoga


(5) Buzinja

.... - ....                Incorporated into Karagwe during reign of Ruhinda I.
1901                       Split into Buzinja (Bukura) and Nyamutureza.

Rulers
.... - ....                Nshashamye
                             [last before incorporation into Karagwe]
.... - ....                Katovaha
.... - ....                Kabambo I
.... - ....                Kabura I
.... - ....                Nyamurahya
.... - ....                Kyendanzigo
.... - ....                Kinwa
.... - ....                Kabambo II
.... - ....                Kabura II Mugereza
.... - ....                Kakaraza
.... - ....                Kyamani Muhayabbi
.... - 1810                Waizigire Kyamuleka
1810 - 185.                Ruhinda II Muhangakyare
185. - 1864                Kiseiza Karigita
1864 - 1895                Rwoma
1895 - 1905                Rutakwa Rutasahurwa
1905 - 1908                Mutahembwa
1908 - 1916                Rugingiza + Baridi
1916 - 1921                Mlekwa
1921 - 1926                Geranja Kazindogo
1926 - 19..                Alexander Karumo
19.. - 19..                Rudomia Busambiro


(5-1) Nyamutureza

1901                       Split from Buzinja.

Rulers
1901 - 1907                Murekwa
1907 - 19..                Gagogo


(6) Butundwe

Rulers
.... -  ....               Kacumeye
.... -  ....               Ruhimbura
1896? - 1907?              Mwanangwa


(7) Ihangiro

.... - ....                Incorporated into Karagwe during reign of Ruhinda I and
                             then into Kyamutwara until reign of Kikuba.

Rulers (title Omugabe)
.... - ....                Nkombya
                             [last before incorporation into Karagwe]
.... - ....                Kayango
.... - ....                Ntare I
.... - ....                Muramira
.... - ....                Buto
.... - ....                Mugunda I
.... - ....                Nyarabamba I
.... - ....                Ruhinda III
.... - 1875                Ntare II
1875 - 1911                Rukanya III Nyarabamba
1911 - 1936                Ruhinda IV                            (d. 1936)
1936 - 1962                Petro Mugunda II


(8) Kimwani

1865                       Split into Kimwani and Bwina.

Rulers
.... - 1865                Kyandika
1865 - 1899                Kadzuma
1899 - ....                Rwabunyengo


(8-1) Bwina

1865                       Split from Kimwani.

Rulers
1865 - ....                Ruhimbura
1907?                      Magala


(9) Kiyanja

Rulers (title Omukama)
.... - ....                Matega Lulinga (first ruler) 
.... - ....                ....  
.... - ....                Kinyonyi
.... - 1890                Muganguze Rugamora III Ibare
1890 - 1916                Mpinzire Kahigi II
1916 - 1943                Alfred Kalemera III                  (b. 1882 - d. 1943)
1943 - 1962                Petro Nyarubamba II                  (d. af.1984)


(10) Kiziba

Rulers (title Omukama)
.... - ....                Bike
.... - ....                Kiziba Kizindo
.... - ....                Ntumwa
.... - ....                Kanyamaishwa
.... - ....                Kibi I Nyakiiru Kaganda
.... - ....                Ishamura-Njobe "elya Kiziba, elingome"
.... - ....                Ishamura-Nyakabinga "elya Bunyoro"
.... - ....                Wanumi
.... - ....                Bwanamba
.... - ....                Matwi
.... - ....                Magembe I (1st time)
.... - ....                Kashumba
.... - ....                Magembe I (2nd time)
.... - ....                Muzinga
.... - ....                Mwigara
.... - ....                Burungu I
.... - ....                Magembe II
.... - ....                Mboneko I
.... - ....                Nyarwangu
.... - ....                Mulimpuzi -Regent
.... - ....                Ruhangarazi I
.... - ....                Rutajwaha
.... - ....                Burungu II Kakinda
.... - ....                Kibi II Rutahirwa
.... - 1870                Ruhangarazi II
1870 - 1903                Mutatembwa
1898 - 1900                Rweshabura (in rebellion)
1903 - 1916                Mutahangarwa Karutasigwa
1916 - 1927                Edward George Mboneko II
1927 - 1937                William Mutakubwa
1937 -  9 Dec 1962         Nestor Lutinwa


(11) Kyamutwara (I) (also called Bukara)

.... - ....                Incorporated into Karagwe during reign of Ruhinda I.
1901 - 1916                Annexed by Kyamutwara (II).

Rulers (title Omukama)
.... - ....                Kashare Kanyango
.... - ....                Rusembo
                             [last before incorporation into Karagwe]
.... - ....                Bwogi I
.... - ....                Kikuba
.... - ....                Nyamigera
.... - ....                Kalemera I
.... - ....                Rukambyai Bwogi II
.... - ....                Mahe Rugamora I
.... - ....                Kasita Kahigi I
.... - ....                Nkwenge
.... - ....                Karumuna Rugamora II
.... - ....                Mpangukano Bwogi III
18.. - 1860?               Bwogi IV
1860? - 1894               Mwiru Kalemera II
1894 - 1901                Kishebuka
1901 - 1916                annexed by Kyamutwara (II)
1916 - 1962                David Rugamora III


(12) Kyamutwara (II)

Rulers (title Omukama)
c.1820 - c.1850            Kitekere
c.1850 - 1860              Regency
1860 - 1888                Kaitaba
1888 - 1895                Mukotani
1895 - 1901                Bwahama
1901 - 1916                Muntu
1916 - 1939                Edward Lwaijumba
1939 - 1962                Gabriel Rugabandana

(12-1) Kanyangereko (or Maraku)

c.1870                     Split from Kyamutwara.
c.1901                     Divided by the Germans between Kiyanja and Kyamutwara (II).
c.1916                     Restored by the British.

Rulers
c.1870 - 18..              Kajurunga
18.. - c.1900              Bwogi III
c.1916 - 1962              Daudi Rugomora III


(13) Kome

Rulers
1840 - 18..                Rurinda
18.. - 1886                Kigazu
1886 - 1902                Itegura
1902 - 19..                Murindimura


Bukerewe (Kerewe)

Rulers (title Omukama)
.... - ....                Kihira
.... - ....                Katobaha I
.... - ....                Kaseza
.... - ....                Katobaha II
c.1710                     Mihigo I
.... - ....                Kahana
.... - ....                Lutana Mumanya
.... - ....                Nago
.... - 1820                Mihigo II                            (d. 1820)
1820 - ....                Katobaha III
.... - ....                Golita
.... - ....                Ruhinda    
.... - c.1835              Ibanda Kaseza                        (d. c.1835)
c.1835 - c.1869            Machunda (Macunda)
c.1869 - 1895              Lukonye (Rukonge)
1895 - 1907                Kahana Mukaka
1907 - 1938                Gabriel Kaseza Ruhumbika             (d. 1938)
1938 - 1962                Michael Lukumbuzya                   (d. 1981)

Bungu  (also called Wungu/Wawungu)

Rulers (title Mwene)
c.1750 - 1770              Mwachiluwi
c.1770 - c.1820            Nyawili II
c.1820 - c.1830            Njalaliko
c.1830 - 1857              Ilonga I 
c.1857 - c.1873            Kilanga I bin Ilonga
c.1873 - c.1878            Zunda                              (d. 1879)
c.1878 - ....              Wangu III   
.... - ....                ....
.... - ....                Kilanga II
.... - c.1951              ....  
c.1951 - 1962              Karolo Ilonga II bin Sasawata


Heru

c.1750                     Heru kingdom founded.

Rulers (title Mwami)
c.1750 - ....              Ntale I  (Mtware I)
.... - ....                Ntare I
.... - ....                ....            
.... - ....                ....  
.... - 1855                Ntare II (or III)      
1855 - 1871                Mtware III
18.. - c.1910              Luasa Gwassa III                     (d. c.1910)
c.1910 - c.1920            Gihinira Mtware IV              
c.1920 - 1921              Luyagwa (usurper)
1921 - 1929                Kinyoni Makwaya  
1929 - 1936                Joseph Gwassa IV
1936 - 1939                Gwassa V (f)                         (d. c.1939?)
1939 - 1962                Teresa Ntare III (or IV)(f)

Bunganda

1931 - 1939                Bunganda split from Heru.

Ruler (title Mwami)
1931 - 1939                Mtwale Biessa                        (d. 1939)

Karagwe

c.1450                     Karagwe founded by Ruhinda I; former name (under Basita
                             dynasty): Bunyambo.

Rulers (title Umugabe)
1645 - 1675                Ntare IV
1675 - 1700                Ruhinda V
1700 - 1725                Rusatira
1725 - 1750                Mehinga
1750 - 1775                Kalemera I Ntagara Bwiragenda        (d. 1775)
1775 - 1795                Ntare V "Kiitabanyoro"  
1795 - 1820                Ruhinda VI Orushongo "Lwanyabugondo" (b. 1777 - d. 1820)
1820 - 1853                Ndagara I "Luzingamcucu lwa nkwanzi"
1853 - 1881                Rumanyika I Rugundu
1882 - 1886                Ndagara II Nyamkuba
1886 - 1893                Kalemera II Kanyenje
1886 - 1893                Kakoko -Regent
1893 - 1914                Ntare VI
1914 - 1916                Kahigi -Regent
1916 - 1939                Daudi Rumanyika II                   (b. 1907 - d. ....)
1939 -  9 Dec 1962         B. Itogo Ruhinda VII                 (b. 1912 - d. ....)


Shambalai (in Kiswahili: Usambara)

Rulers (title Simbamwene)
.... - ....                Mbegha
.... - ....                Bughe
.... - ....                Maua
.... - 1815                Kinyangi Muanga Ike
1815 - 1862                Kimweri I ya Nyumbai
1862 - 1869                Shekulwavu
1869 - 1870                Kinyashi
1870                       Kimweri II Maguvu
1870 - 1890                Mputa I (1st time)
1890                       Semboja
1890 - 1895                Mputa I (2nd time)
1895 - 1903                Kinyashi (1st time)
1903 - 1926                Vacant
1926 - 1929                Kinyashi (2nd time)
1929                       Billa Kimweri
1929 - 1947                Magogo
1947 - 2000                Mputa II                             (b. 19.. - d. 2000)
2000 -                     Daniel E. Magogo -Regent 


Ubena

Rulers (title Mwa Mtema)
.... - ....                Wakinimanga
.... - ....                Kibugura
.... - ....                Luatu
.... - ....                Mpingi
.... - ....                Nguano
.... - 1860                Ndaliwali
1860 - 1863                Mzawira
1863 - 1884                Mtengera I
1884 - 1905                Kiwanga I                           (b. 1869 - d. 1905)
1905 - 1917                Salimbingo                          (b. 1894 - d. 1917)
1905 - 1914                .... -Regent
1917                       Mnyaubena Kiwanga II (1st time)     (b. 1889 - d. 1928)
1917 - 1918                Vacant
1918 - 1919                Mtengera II                         (b. c.1890 - d. 19..)
1919 - 1928                Mnyaubena Kiwanga II (2nd time)     (s.a.)
1928 - 1962                Towegale Kiwanga III                (b. c.1891 - d. 19..)
                             (regent to 29 Sep 1932)


Ufipa

....                       Ufipa, also called Nkansi (original name Milansi),
                             founded by Twa dynasty.
c.1800                     Split into Nkansi (Ufipa) and Lyangalile.

Rulers (title Aeene)
.... - ....                Ntatakwa
.... - ....                Sulandasi
.... - ....                Ntaseka
                             [last ruler of Milansi]
Rulers (title Mweene)
.... - ....                Msili
.... - ....                Ndaasi
1780?                      Ntinda I Mkolokombe
.... - ....                Suumba I Mwaana Nsia
.... - ....                Nandi I wa Kukutango
.... - ....                Ntinda II Kwasiganwa
.... - ....                Ncinga Cileengwi
.... - ....                Suumba II Kalonga "inkosi"
.... - 1860                Sangu Capitimpuunda
1860 - 1891                Nandi II Kapuufi                   (d. 1891)
1891                       Suumba III
1891                       Ntinda III Kiteta (1st time)       (d. 1956)
1891 - 1916                Ntinda IV Kilatu                   (d. 1916)
1916 - 1931                Ngalu Cisicamfipa (f)
1931 - 1956                Ntinda III Kapere (2nd time)       (s.a.)
1956 - 1962                Joseph Kapuufi II


Lyangalile

c.1800                     Split from Ufipa.

Rulers (title Mweene)
1800?                      Sangu
1840?                      Nguwa Wapilinga (Mwaana Nyekenti)
18.. - 1879                Suumba Kasuumba (Pilula Fipa)
1879 - 1899                Yulamaasi
1899 - 1910                Saa (f)
1910 - 1962                Nti Kifata (f)


Uhehe

c.1898                     Several polities (the principal being Nguluhe)
                             merge into the newly founded sultanate of Uhehe.


Nguluhe

Rulers (title Mtema)
.... - ....                Muyinga I
.... - ....                Muyinga II
.... - ....                Kitowa
.... - ....                Mudegela                           (b. 1774 - d. 1848)
.... - ....                Kilonge                            (b. 1791 - d. 1859)
.... - 1860                Ngawonalupembe                     (b. 1812 - d. 1889)
1860 - 1879                Binini Munyingunda Muyinga         (b. 1815 - d. 1896)
1879 - 18..                Mhamile
18.. - 1883                Mukenga
1883 - 19 Jul 1898         Ntasatsi Mkavinyika (Mkwawa)       (b. 1855 - d. 1898)


Ilole

Rulers (title Mtema)
.... - ....                Kahwanagise
.... - ....                mwa Ngimba


Lungemba

Ruler (title Mtema)
.... - ....                Kindole


Udongwe

Rulers (title Mtema)
.... - ....                Mihwela
.... - ....                Myovela


Usangu (Sangu)

Rulers (title Mtemi)
1834 - 1860                Mwahavanga Merere I                (d. 1860)
1860 - 1893                Tovelamahamba Merere II            (d. 1893)
1893 - 1905                Mugandilwa Merere III              (d. 1905)
1905 - 1937                Mtenjela Merere IV                 (d. 1937)
1937 - 1950                Mkanuwoga Merere V                 (d. 1950)
1950 - 1953                Chief Myotishuma -Regent 
1953 - 1962                Alfeo Merere VI                    (b. c.1933 - d. af.1981)


Uhehe

Rulers (title Mtwa)
1860 - 1880                Munyigumba                         (d. 1880)
1880 - 1896                Mkwawa Mwamnyika                   (b. 1855 - d. 1896)
Ruler (title Sultani)
Dec 1896 - 21 Feb 1897     Mpangile                           (b. 1857 - d. ....)
21 Feb 1897 - 1927         Vacant
Rulers (title Mtwa)
1927 - 1940                Sapi bin Mkwawa                    (b. 1879 - d. 19..)
1940 -  9 Dec 1962         Adam Sapi Mkwawa                   (b. 1920 - d. 1999)


Unyamwezi

Note: In the Unyamwezi region, the principal polity was Unyanyembe; in 1871 a new polity (capital Tabora) was created, covering most of Unyamwezi, largely by traders.

Unyanyembe

Rulers (title Ntemi)
.... - ....                Mpepo?
.... - ....                Mputa?
.... - ....                Katwanga?
.... - ....                Kabundi
.... - ....                Nsonso Nsemamilundi
.... - ....                Mgalula
.... - ....                Manywa
.... - ....                Swetu I
c.1843 - 1859              Saidi Fundikira I
1859 - 1860                Manywa Msabila Kimagulu            (d. 1865)
1860 - 1876                Kiyungi Mkasiwa
1876 - 11 Jan 1893         Silanda Isike "Mwana Kiyungi"      (d. 1893)
1893 - 1899                Bibi Nyaso
1917 - 1929                Saidi Mgalula Fundikira II
19.. - 19..                Ipuli
1957 -  9 Dec 1962         Abdallahi Saidi Fundikira III

"Unyamwezi"

Rulers
1871 - Dec 1884            Mirambo-ya-Banhu
Dec 1884 - 1888            Panda Caro
1888 - 1898                Katumagoto
1898 - ....                Kaswika


Ussuwi

East Ussuwi

1906                       Named Rusubi.

Rulers (Omukama)
.... - ....                Ntare II Muhire
.... - ....                Rusimbya Rugaba
.... - ....                Isekanyere
1861?- 1873                Rweswarura Nyamuhanga
1873 - 1886                Mankorongo
1886 - 1928                Kasussura I
1928 - 1952                Ntare III
1952 - 1962                S.R. Kasussura II


West Ussuwi

Rulers
.... - ....                Magina I
.... - ....                Kinanaira I
.... - ....                Magina II
.... - ....                Kinanaira II
1850?                      Kibogora
.... - ....                Kafurebe Nsoro
.... - 1906                Kinanaira III

Buhimba

....                       Incorporated into East Ussuwi.

Rulers
.... - ....                Ruhagira
.... - ....                Rwakataki
                             [last before incorporation]

Chagga States


Paramount Chief (title Mangi Mkuu)
Jan 1952 - 1961            Thomas Lenana Marealle II   (b. 1915 - d. 2007)

Keni

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Ukoni
.... - 1800                Urio                        (d. 1800)
c.1800 - 1842              Orombo
c.1842 - 18..              Mahunga
18.. - 1895                Ndesserua                   (d. 1895)
1895 - 1945                Tengya
1949 - 1961                Wingia Ngach
Kibosho

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Yansanya
.... - ....                Orio
.... - ....                Kimboka
.... - ....                Irongo
.... - ....                Iweri
c.1800                     Kirenga
18.. - 18..                Kashenge
18.. - c.1863              Tatua
1863 - 18..                Ngaluma
1860's                     Lokila
18.. - 1870's              Mamka (f)
1870's - 1897              Sina  
1897 - 1900                Miolelia                  (d. 1900)
1900 - 1911                Sianga
1911 - 1917                Malamya
1917 - 1946                Ngulisho                  (d. 1962)
1946 - 1961                Alex


Kilema

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Mremi
.... - ....                Nyange
.... - ....                Kombo
c.1790                     Rongoma
.... - ....                Teuwo
c.1848                     Masaki
1861 - c.1880's            Maambo 
1880's - 1900              Fumba (1st time)
1900 - 1901                Mlanga
1901 - 1905                Fumba (2nd time)
c.1905 - 1925              Kirita
1925 - 1936                Joseph
1936 - 1946                Willibald
1946 - 1961                Aloisi


Kirua

Chiefs (title Mangi)
c.1760's                   Singila
.... - ....                Mosha
.... - ....                Kikare
.... - ....                Marenga
.... - 1880's              Kirumi
1880's - 1917              Kitingati
1917 - 1953                Mashingia
1953 - 1961                Balthasar
Machame

Chiefs (title Mangi)
16.. - c.1710              Ntemi
1710 - c.1740              Kombe I
1740 - c.1778              Kiwarya
1778 - c.1780              Interregnum
1780 - c.1800              Kombe II
1800 - c.1841              Rengua
1841                       Samanya
1842 - c.1843              Interregnum
1843 - c.1855              Mamkinga
1855 - c.1880              Ndesserua
1880 - c.1883              Interregnum
1883 - 1890                Ngamini
1890 - 1901                Shangali
1890 - 1895                Nassua -Regent
1901 - 1917                Ngulelo
1917 - 1918                Joseph Merinyo (interim)
1918 - 1923                Shangali
1923 - 1951                Abdiel
1951 - 1961                Gilead
Mamba

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Marawite
.... - ....                Mafaluke
.... - ....                Malamba
.... - ....                Mashina (f)
.... - ....                Mamba divided into several states
18.. - 1887                Mlawi                       (d. 1887)
1887 - 1891                Malamya                     (d. af.1959)
1891 - ....                Kuimbera 
.... - ....                Salengia
.... - ....                Ukeleki
1860 - 18..                Rindi (1st time)            (d. 1891)
1949 - 1961                Samuel Werya
Marangu

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Tema I
.... - ....                Wamba
.... - ....                Lyimo
.... - ....                Ngowi
.... - ....                Tema II
.... - ....                Ngarawiti
.... - ....                Masanjuo
.... - ....                Iwite
.... - ....                Kilewa
.... - ....                Interregnum
.... - ....                Ishosho
.... - ....                Interregnum
.... - ....                Itosi
c.1840                     Interregnum
18.. - 18..                Salega
1840's - 1860's            Ndalo
1860's                     Interregnum
18.. - 18..                Mwinjie (1st time)
18.. - 18..                Kinabo (1st time)
18.. - 18..                Mwinjie (2nd time)
18.. - 1880                Kinabo (2nd time)
1880 - 1912                Mareallie Ndegoruo
1912 - 1951                Mlanga
1951 - 1961                Augustine Marealle (f)
Mbokomu

Chiefs (title Mangi)
c.1830 - 1845              Masha
1845 - 18..                Lowiho
1845 - 18..                Kenja -Regent
18.. - 18..                Mrunge
18.. - 18..                Mdeo -Regent (2nd time)
18.. - 18..                Mlatie (1st time)
18.. - 18..                Mdeo -Regent (2nd time)
18.. - 18..                Vacant
18.. - 1900                Mlatie (2nd time)
1900 - 1917                Msami
1917 - 1936                Ngatunyi 
1936 - 1938                Vacant
1938 - 1945                Philippo                     (d. af.1960)
1945 - 1961                Regency?
Mkku

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Soya
.... - ....                Kiriri
.... - ....                Kimbarika
.... - ....                Mature
c.1887                     Kinabo
.... - ....                Salengya
.... - 1961                George Salengya
Moshi

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - 1830                Sunsa
1830 - 1845                Ndetia
1845 - 1850's              Salia
1860 - 18..                Rindi (1st time)            (d. 1891)
18.. - c.1870              Kitori                      (d. c.1870)
c.1870 - 1891              Rindi (2nd time)            (s.a.)
1891 - 1900                Meli                        (d. 1900)
1900 - 1917                Salema (1st time)
1917                       Mkinde
c.1917 - c.1920            Salema (2nd time)
c.1920 - 1922              Sudi 
1922 - 1946                Abraham
1946 - 1950                Petro -Regent
1946 - 1961                Thomas
Mwika

Chiefs (title Mangi)
.... - ....                Orio
.... - ....                Sunza I
.... - ....                Sunza II
.... - ....                Kyasimba
.... - ....                Mchau
18.. - c.1882              Tengio
c.1882 - 1902              Mbararia
1902 - 1904                Ndemasi Solomon (1st time)
1904 - 1909                Mdawa
1909 - 1933                Ndemasi Solomon (2nd time)
1933 - 1961                Abdiel Solomon
Siha

Chiefs (title Mangi)
1900 - 1905                Sinare
1905 - 1920                Jacobus
1920 - 1927                Malamya
1927 - 1945                ....
1945                       Gideon
1945 - 1961                John Gideon
Ussere

Chiefs (title Mangi)
c.1887                     Malamya 
18.. - 18..                Matolo
c.1899                     Kisuma
.... - ....                Salakana
.... - ....                Ndemasi
.... - 1961                Alfred Salakana


Msimbati

M'Simbati "Sultanate" (1959-1962) (Tanzania)

1959                       Self-proclaimed ('white') Sultanate of M'simbati.
1962                       Supressed by Tanganyikan government.

Sultan
1959 - 1962                Latham Leslie-Moore                (b. 1893 - d. 1982)

 



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Zanzibar Traditional Polities

Note: This record refers to the coastal and insular polities that were incorporated into the Sultanate of Zanzibar; the coastal territories were incorporated into the Tanganyika Protectorate upon its establishment. 

Kilwa Kisiwani

957                        Sultanate of Kilwa Kisiwani founded.
1505 - 1512                Occupied by Portuguese
1597                       Conquered by Portugal.
1680                       Independence recovered.
1776                       ash-Shirazi dynasty begins rule
1842                       Conquered by Zanzibar.

Governors
24 Jul 1505 - 1509         Pero Fereira Fogaça 
Mar 1505 - 1512            Francisco Pereira Pestana 
Sultans (also styled Maliki)
.... - ....                Yusuf
17.. - 17..                Ibrahim (III) ibn Yusuf
17.. - 1776                al-Hasan (VIII) ibn Ibrahim
1776                       Sulayman (IX)
1776 - 1777                al-Hasan (IX) ibn Sulayman
1777 - 1797                al-Hasan (X) ibn Ibrahim
1797 - 1813                Abu Bakr ibn al-Hasan
1813?                      Yusuf ibn al-Hasan
1819?                      Muhammad ibn al-Hasan
1819?                      Sulayman ibn al-Hasan
1822? - 1842               al-Hasan


Hadimu

c.1650                     Hadimu Island state established.
1771                       Conquered by Muscat and Oman, retaining its rulers under
                             Omani and later Zanzibari sovereignty.
1873                       Rulership extinct.

Rulers (title Mfalume, also styled Jumbe)
1771 - ....                Mwinyi Ahmad ibn Sultan al-`Alawi
.... - 1845                Mwinyi al-Hasan ibn Ahmad al-`Alawi
1845 - 1865                Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-`Alawi
                             (regent, styled Mwinyi Mkuu)
1865 - 1873                Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-`Alawi
                             (regent, styled Mwinyi Mkuu)


Tumbatu

18..                       Tumbatu Island state established.
1856                       Conquered by Zanzibar.

Rulers (title Sheha [i.e., Sheikh])
18..?                      Mwana wa Mwana (f)
18.. - 18..                `Ali ibn al-Hasan
18.. - 18..                Fatima bint `Ali (f)
18.. - 18..                ... ibn `Ali
18.. - 18..                Kombo ibn `Ali
18.. - 18..                Vuai ibn Mukaddam
18.. - 18..                Ngwale ibn Kombo
18.. - 18..                Mwana Khadija bint Ngwale (f)
18.. - 1856                `Ali ibn Ngwale


Pemba

bf.1550                    Pemba Island state established.
1506 - 1510                Conquered by Portugal.
1525 - 1606                Conquered by Portugal.
1606                       Conquered by Malindi.
16.. - Dec 1698            Conquered by Portugal.
Dec 1698                   Conquered by Muscat and Oman.
c.1750                     Rulers (diwani) established under Omani,
                             then from 1822 Zanzibari, sovereignty.
c.1865                     Rulership extinct. 

Rulers (title Diwani)
169. - Dec 1698            Fatuma (f)(1st time)
1711 - 17..                Fatuma (f)(2nd time)
17.. - ...                 Hassan
.... - ....                ....
.... - ....                Makame ibn Abi Bakr ibn Salim
.... - ....                Ngwacani
.... - ....                Athmani
.... - ....                Ibrahim
.... - 186.                Kihanuni





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