Cambodia
Map
of Cambodia |
Hear National
Anthem
"Nokoreach"
(Royal Kingdom) |
Text of
National Anthem
20 Jul 1941 - 9
Oct 1970,
17 Apr 1975 - 5 Jan 1976,
Re-adopted 21 Sep 1993
|
Constitution
(24 Sep 1993)
|
Hear
Anthem 1970-1975 |
Former Anthem
1976-1979
"Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey"
(Glorious Seventeenth of
April)
(5 Jan 1976 - 7 Jan 1979)
|
Former Anthem
1979-1989
(7 Jan 1979-30 Apr 1989)
---------------------------------
Former Anthem
1970-1975
"Damnaeu ney
Satheareanaroat Khmae"
(March of the Khmer Republic)
(9 Oct 1970-17 Apr 1975)
|
Former
Constitutions
(6 May 1947,
30 Apr 1972-75,
27 Jun 1981, 5 May 1989)
|
Capital:
Phnom Penh
(Oudong
1634-1866;
Koh Khlok 1629-1634;
Lovek [Longvek] 1531-1628,
Amaraborey 1467-1474;
Chatomuk 1432-1467,1474-1531;
Basan 1426-1432;
Angkor 802-1426)
|
Currency:
Riel (KHR);
1863-1955
French Indochina
Piastre (ICFP); 1650-1860
Tical (KHT)
|
National
Holiday: 9 Nov (1953)
Bony Ekreachychate
(Independence Day)
|
Population:
16,449,519 (2018)
|
GDP: $64.21
billion (2017)
|
Exports:
$11.4 billion (2017)
Imports: $14.3
billion (2017)
|
Ethnic groups:
Khmer 97.6%, Cham 1.2%, Chinese 0.1%,
Vietnamese 0.1%, other 0.9%
(2013)
|
Total Active
Armed Forces: 124,300 (2010)
Merchant marine:
442 ships (2017)
|
Religions:
Buddhist (official) 84%, Muslim 1.8%,
Christian 2.9% (Protestant 2%,
Catholic 0.6%), ethnoreligionist
5.1%, Chinese folk religionist 2.5%,
not religious 2.5%,
Taoist 0.6%, Hindu 0.2%, Baha'i 0.1%,
other 0.3% (2015)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: ADB,
AIIB,
APA, APM, ARF, ASEAN, BTWC, CICA,
CTBT, CWC, EAS, ESCR, FAO, G-77, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO,
IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA (signatory), ISA (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, NPT,
OIF, OPCW, PCA, RCEP, SCO
(dialogue partner), UN, UNCLOS (signatory), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP,
UNFCC-PA,
UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
Cambodia
Index
|
Chronology
c.68 -
c.550
Nokor Phnom (Funan).
550 -
802
Chenla (Zhenla).
802
Khmer (Angkor) Empire
1177 -
1181
Occupied by Champa.
c.1340
Kingdom of Cambodia
1369 -
1375
Occupied by Siam.
13.. -
1389
Occupied by Siam.
1431
Angkor (Yasodharapura) abandoned.
1431 -
c.1620
Vassal of Siam.
1710 -
1720
Vassal of Vietnam.
1720 -
1834
Vassal of Siam.
Apr 1812
- 13 May 1813
Occupied by Siam.
1834 - 1845
Vassal of Vietnam.
Jun 1840
-
1844
Annexed to Vietnam.
1841 -
1844
Siam invades and occupies large parts
of Cambodia.
1846 - 11 Aug
1863
Under joint suzerainty of Siam and
Vietnam.
11 Aug
1863
French protectorate (Cambodge).
17 Oct
1887
Part of French Indochina (see Vietnam).
13 Feb
1904
Melouprey and Tonle-Depo ceded by Siam
to Cambodia.
23 Mar
1907
Battambang, Siem Reap, and Sisophon
ceded by
Siam to Cambodia.
16 Jun
1940 - 9 Mar 1945 French
administration loyal to Vichy France.
11 Mar
1941 - 17 Nov 1947 Battambang,
Siem Reap, and Sisophon re-annexed
by Thailand.
9
Mar 1945 - 8 Oct 1945
Occupied by Japan (de facto since 28
Jul 1941).
18 Mar
1945 - 16 Oct 1945 Independence
proclaimed (Kingdom of Kampuchea).
8
Oct 1945 - 26 Mar 1946 Allied
(British) occupation.
4 Jan 1946
Autonomy granted.
27 Oct 1946 - 25 Sep 1955 Member
of the French Union (Union
Française).
8 Nov
1949
French associated state
9
Nov
1953
Independence (Kingdom of Cambodia).
20 Dec
1954
Independence recognized by France.
9
Oct
1970
Khmer Republic
17 Apr
1975
Khmer Rouge
forces capture Phnom Penh.
5 Jan
1976
Democratic Kampuchea (retains UN
recognition
until 20 Nov 1991).
7
Jan
1979
People's Republic of Kampuchea.
7
Jan 1979 - 25 Sep 1989 Occupied
by Vietnam.
1
May
1989
State of Cambodia
15 Mar
1992 - 30 Jun 1993 Under United
Nations Transitional Authority in
Cambodia (UNTAC) administration.
24 Sep
1993
Kingdom of Cambodia (restored).
|
Governments
in Exile
(1979-1993,
1994-1998)
|
Cambodia
Historical
Maps
|
|
|
|
|
|
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General Secretary of the Central Committee
the Kampuchean Communist Party
11 Apr 1976 - 7 Jan 1979 Pol Pot
(Saloth
Sar)
(b. 1925 - d. 1998)
(elected
Feb 1963; continues in exile to 1981)
Secretaries-general of the
Central Committee the People's
Revolutionary
(Communist) Party of Kampuchea
29 May 1981 - 5 Dec 1981 Pen
Sovan
(b. 1936 - d. 2016)
5 Dec 1981 - 17 Oct 1991 Heng
Samrin
(b. 1934)
Kings
1640 - Jan
1642
Ang Non (Batom
Reachea)
(b. 1616 - d. 1642)
Jan 1642 -
1658
Ramathipadi I (Ponhea
Chan) (b. 1614
- d. 1659)
(from 1643, Sultan Ibrahim)
Oct 1658 - 6 Jan 1672 Ang So
(Barom Reachea V)
(b. 1628 - d. 1672)
12 Jan 1672 - 20 Jun 1672 Chey Chettha III (Padumaraja
II) (b. 1639 - d. 1674)
4 Jul 1672 - Nov/Dec 1675 Ang Chee (Keo Fa) (Preah
Keo II) (b. 1652 - d. 1677)
(in opposition to 1677)
1673 - 19 Apr 1674 Ang
Tan
14 Jul 1674 - Dec 1674 Ang Non I
(vice-king for Nguyens in the
Southeast 1674-1691)
28 Dec 1674 - 1695
Chettha IV (1st
time)
(b. c.1650 - d. 1725)
(Jayajettha III)
1695 - 1696
Outey I (Narairamadipati I)
(b. 1675 - d. 1696)
1696 - 1699
Chettha IV (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
1699 -
1701
Ang Em (1st
time)
(b. 1674 - d. 1731)
(Kaev Hua III, Barom Reameathiptei)
1701 -
1702
Chettha IV (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
1702 -
1703
Thommo Reachea II (1st
time) (b. 1689 - d.
1747)
(Dhammaraja IV)
1703 -
1706
Chettha IV (4th
time)
(s.a.)
1706 -
1710
Thommo Reachea II (2nd
time) (s.a.)
1710 -
1722
Ang Em (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
1722 -
1738
Satha II Ang Chey (Sattha II)
(d. 1749)
1738 -
1747
Thommo Reachea II (3rd
time) (s.a.)
1747
Thommo Reachea
III
(b. 1705 - d. 1747)
1747 -
1749
Ang Tong (1st time)(Ramadhipati II)(b. 1693 - d. 1757)
1749 -
1755
Chettha V (Jayajettha IV)
(b.
1709 - d. 1755)
1755 -
1758
Ang Tong (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
1758 -
1775
Outey II (Udairaja III)
(b. 1739 - d. 1777)
1775 - Aug
1779
Ang Non II (Ramadhipati III)
(b. 1739 - d. 1779)
1779 - 1783
Ang Eng (1st
time)
(b. 1773 - d. 1796)
1783 -
1787
Ten (in opposition, pro-Tay Son)
1783 -
1794
Ben (in opposition, pro-Siam)
28 May 1794 - 28 Nov 1796 Ang Eng (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
28 Nov 1796 - 13 Jul 1806 Pok -Regent
(b. c.1741 - d. 1806)
26 Jul 1806 - Jan 1811
Ang Chan II (1st time)(Udairaja IV)(b. 1791 - d. 1835)
1811 -
1812
Ang Em -Regent
(b. 1794 - d. 1844)
1812 - 13 May
1813 Ang
Snguon -Regent
(b. 1794 - d. 1822)
13 May 1813 - 7 Jan 1835 Ang Chan
II (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
4 Mar 1835 - Jun
1840 Ang Mey -Queen (1st
time)
(b. 1815 - d. 1875)
1841 -
1844
Ang Duong (1st
time)
(b. 1796 - d. 1860)
1844 -
1845
Ang Mey -Queen (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
14 Dec 1843 - 19 Oct 1860 Ang Duong (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
19 Oct 1860 - 24 Apr 1904 Norodom (Ang Vathey)
(b. 1834 - d. 1904)
25 Apr 1904 - 9 Aug 1927
Sisowath
(b. 1840 - d. 1927)
9 Aug 1927 - 24 Apr 1941 Sisowath
Monivong
(b. 1875 - d. 1941)
24 Apr 1941 - 3 Mar 1955 Norodom
Sihanouk (1st
time) (b. 1922
- d. 2012)
3 Mar 1955 - 3 Apr 1960
Norodom
Suramarit
(b. 1896 - d. 1960)
Heads of State
3 Apr 1960 - 6 Apr 1960 Chuop
Hell (1st time) (acting) (b.
1909 - d. 1976) SRN
6 Apr 1960 - 13 Jun 1960 Prince
Sisowath
Monireth
(b. 1909 - d. 1975) Non-party
(chairman Regency Council)
13 Jun 1960 - 20 Jun 1960 Chuop Hell (2nd
time) (acting) (s.a.)
SRN
20 Jun 1960 - 18 Mar 1970 Prince Norodom
Sihanouk (1st time) (s.a.)
SRN
(continues in Beijing, China exile)
10 Jul 1960 - 18 Mar 1970 Queen Sisowath
Monivong Kossamak (b. 1904 - d. 1975)
Non-party
Nearireath (f)
(Ceremonial Head of state)¹
18 Mar 1970 - 10 Mar 1972 Cheng
Heng
(b. 1910 - d. 1996) SRN
(acting to 9 Oct 1970)
10 Mar 1972 - 14 Mar 1972 Lon
Nol
(b. 1913 - d. 1985) Mil
Presidents
14 Mar 1972 - 12 Apr 1975 Lon
Nol
(s.a.)
Mil/SSR
1 Apr 1975 - 12 Apr 1975 Saukam
Khoy
(b. 1915 - d. 2008) Mil/SSR
(acting for Lon Nol)
12 Apr 1975 - 17 Apr 1975 Sak Sutsakhan
(b. 1928 - d. 1994) Mil
(chairman Supreme Committee)
Head of State
17 Apr 1975 - 11 Apr 1976 Prince Norodom
Sihanouk (2nd time)
(s.a.)
FUNK
Chairman of the State Presidium
11 Apr 1976 - 7 Jan 1979 Khieu
Samphan
(b.
1931)
KCP
President of the People's Revolutionary Council
7 Jan 1979 - 27 Jun 1981 Heng
Samrin
(s.a.)
FUNSK;1981 PRPK
Chairmen of the Council of State
27 Jun 1981 - 6 Apr 1992 Heng
Samrin
(s.a.)
KPRP
6 Apr 1992 - 14 Jun 1993 Chea
Sim
(b. 1932 - d. 2015) KPRP
Chairman of the Supreme National Council
20 Nov 1991 - 14 Jun 1993 Prince Norodom
Sihanouk
(s.a.)
FUNCINPEC
Head of state
14 Jun 1993 - 24 Sep 1993 Prince Norodom
Sihanouk (3rd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
Kings
24 Sep 1993 - 6 Oct 2004 Norodom
Sihanouk (2nd
time) (s.a.)
(in self-imposed exile from 10 Apr 2004)
6 Oct 1993 - 8 Apr 1994
Samdech Chea Sim (1st
time)
(s.a.)
KPK
(acting head of state)
18 May 1994 - 4 Jan 1995 Samdech
Chea Sim (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
KPK
(acting head of state)
10 Apr 2004 - 13 Jul 2004 Samdech Chea
Sim (3rd time)
(s.a.)
KPK
(acting head of state)
13 Jul 2004 - 22 Jul 2004 Nhek Bun
Chhay
(b.
1956)
FUNCINPEC
(acting head of state)
22 Jul 2004 - 20 Oct 2004 Samdech Chea
Sim (4th time)
(s.a.)
KPK
(acting head of state)
14 Oct 2004
-
Norodom
Sihamoni
(b. 1953)
Prime ministers
18 Mar 1945 - 13 Aug 1945 Norodom
Sihanouk (1st
time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
14 Aug 1945 - 15 Oct 1945 Son Ngoc Thanh
(1st
time)
(b. 1908 - d. 1977) Non-party
17 Oct 1945 - 15 Dec 1946 Prince Sisovath
Monireth
(s.a.)
Non-party
15 Dec 1946 - 17 Jul 1947 Prince Sisovath
Youtevong
(b. 1913 - d. 1947) KP
25 Jul 1947 - 20 Feb 1948 Prince Sisowath
Watchayavong (b.
1891 - d. 1972) KP
20 Feb 1948 - 14 Aug 1948 Chhean
Vam
(b. 1916 - d. 2000) KP
15 Aug 1948 - 21 Jan 1949 Samdech Penn
Nouth (1st time) (b. 1906
- d. 1985) KP
12 Feb 1949 - 20 Sep 1949 Yem Sambaur
(1st
time)
(b. 1913 - d. 1989) KP
20 Sep 1949 - 29 Sep 1949 Ieu
Koeus
(b. 1905 - d. 1950) KP
29 Sep 1949 - 28 Apr 1950 Yem Sambaur
(2nd
time)
(s.a.)
KP
28 Apr 1950 - 30 May 1950 Norodom
Sihanouk (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
30 May 1950 - 3 Mar 1951 Samdech
Krom Luong
Sisowath (b.
1912 - d. 1956) Non-party
Monipong
3 Mar 1951 - 12 Oct 1951 Oum
Chheang Sun (1st
time)
(b. 1900 - d. 1963?) KP
13 Oct 1951 - 16 Jun 1952 Huy
Kanthoul
(b. 1909 - d. 1991) KP
16 Jun 1952 - 24 Jan 1953 Norodom
Sihanouk (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
24 Jan 1953 - 22 Nov 1953 Samdech Penn
Nouth (2nd time)
(s.a.)
KP
23 Nov 1953 - 7 Apr 1954 Chan
Nak
(b. 1892 - d. 1954) Non-party
7 Apr 1954 - 18 Apr 1954 Norodom
Sihanouk (4th
time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
18 Apr 1954 - 25 Jan 1955 Samdech Penn
Nouth (3rd time)
(s.a.)
KP
25 Jan 1955 - 3 Oct 1955 Leng
Ngeth
(b. 1900 - d. c.1975)KP
3 Oct 1955 - 4 Jan 1956
Prince Norodom Sihanouk (5th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
4 Jan 1956 - 29 Feb 1956 Oum
Chheang Sun (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SRN
1 Mar 1956 - 3 Apr 1956
Prince Norodom Sihanouk (6th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
3 Apr 1956 - 15 Sep 1956
Khim
Tit
(b. 1896 - d. 1975) SRN
15 Sep 1956 - 15 Oct 1956 Prince Norodom
Sihanouk (7th
time)(s.a.)
SRN
25 Oct 1956 - 9 Apr 1957 Sam
Yun
(b. 1905 - d. 1974) SRN
9 Apr 1957 - 27 Jul 1957 Prince
Norodom Sihanouk (8th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
27 Jul 1957 - 11 Jan 1958 Sim Var (1st
time)
(b. 1906 - d. 1989) SRN
11 Jan 1958 - 17 Jan 1958 Ek Yi
Oun
(b. 1910 - d. 2013) SRN
17 Jan 1958 - 24 Apr 1958 Samdech Penn
Nouth (4th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
24 Apr 1958 - 10 Jul 1958 Sim Var (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SRN
10 Jul 1958 - 18 Apr 1960 Prince Norodom
Sihanouk (9th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
18 Apr 1960 - 28 Jan 1961 Pho
Proeung
(b. 1903 - d. c.1975)Non-party
28 Jan 1961 - 17 Nov 1961 Samdech Penn
Nouth (5th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
17 Nov 1961 - 6 Aug 1962
Prince Norodom Sihanouk (10th
time)(s.a.)
SRN
13 Feb 1962 - 6 Aug 1962 Nhiek
Tioulong
(b. 1908 - d. 1996) SRN
(acting for Sihanouk)
6 Aug 1962 - 6 Oct 1962 Chau
Sen Cocsal
Chhum
(b. 1905 - d. 2009) SRN
6 Oct 1962 - 22 Oct 1966 Prince
Norodom
Kantol
(b. 1920 - d. 1976) SRN
22 Oct 1966 - 2 May 1967 Lon Nol
(1st
time)
(s.a.)
SRN/Mil
2 May 1967 - 30 Jan 1968 Son
Sann
(b. 1911 - d. 2000) SRN
30 Jan 1968 - 14 Aug 1969 Samdech Penn
Nouth (6th time)
(s.a.)
SRN
14 Aug 1969 - 10 Mar 1972 Lon Nol (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
6 May 1971 - 12 Mar 1972
Prince Sisowath Sirik
Matak (b. 1914
- d. 1975) Non-party
("prime minister-delegate" acting for Lon
Nol to 10 Mar 1972)
18 Mar 1972 - 14 Oct 1972 Son Ngoc Thanh
(2nd
time)
(s.a.)
KS
14 Oct 1972 - 16 May 1973 Hang Thun
Hak
(b. 1926 - d. 1975) SSR
16 May 1973 - 26 Dec 1973 In
Tam
(b. 1922 - d. 2006) SSR
26 Dec 1973 - 17 Apr 1975 Long
Boret
(b. 1933 - d. 1975) SSR
17 Apr 1975 - 4 Apr 1976 Samdech
Penn Nouth (7th time)
(s.a.)
FUNK
(in China exile [Sihanoukist
government] from 5 May 1970)
4 Apr 1976 - 13 May 1976 Khieu
Samphan
(s.a.)
KCP
13 May 1976 - 27 Sep 1976
Pol Pot (1st time)
(s.a.)
KCP
27 Sep 1976 - 25 Oct 1976 Nuon Chea (acting)
(b. 1926 - d. 2019) KCP
25 Oct 1976 - 7 Jan 1979 Pol Pot (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
KCP
7 Jan 1979 - 27 Jun 1981 Vacant
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (prime ministers)
27 Jun 1981 - 5 Dec 1981 Pen
Sovan
(s.a.)
KPRP
5 Dec 1981 - 26 Dec 1984 Chan
Sy
(b. 1932 - d. 1984) KPRP
(acting to 9 Feb 1982)
31 Dec 1984 - 2 Jul 1993 Hun
Sen
(b.
1952)
KPRP;1991 KPK
(acting to 14 Jan 1985)
Coequal Prime ministers
2 Jul 1993 - 21 Sep 1993 Hun
Sen
(s.a.)
KPK
+ Prince Norodom
Ranariddh
(b. 1944 - d. 2021) FUNCINPEC
First Prime ministers
21 Sep 1993 - 6 Jul 1997 Prince
Norodom
Ranariddh
(s.a.)
FUNCINPEC
16 Jul 1997 - 30 Nov 1998 Ung
Huot
(b.
1945)
FUNCINPEC
Second Prime minister
21 Sep 1993 - 30 Nov 1998 Samdech Hun
Sen
(s.a.)
KPK
Prime Minister
30 Nov 1998
-
Samdech Hun
Sen
(s.a.)
KPK
Special Representative of the
Secretary-General and Chief of Mission
of the United Nations Transitional Authority in
Cambodia (UNTAC)
15 Mar 1992 - 26 Sep 1993 Yasushi Akashi
(Japan)
(b.
1931)
Non-party
French Representatives
11 Aug 1863 - Jul 1866
Ernest Marc Louis de
Gonzague (b. 1823 - d.
1868)
Doudart de Lagrée
Jul 1866 - 20 Feb 1868
Armand François Édouard Pottier
(b. 1833 - d. 1872)
(1st time)
20 Feb 1868 - 10 Mar 1870 Jean Moura (1st
time)
(b. 1827 - d. 1885)
10 Mar 1870 - 11 Nov 1870 Armand François
Édouard Pottier (s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
11 Nov 1870 - 1 Jan 1871 Jules Marcel
Brossard de Corbigny (b. 1841 - d. 1934)
(acting)
1 Jan 1871 - 1 May 1876 Jean
Moura (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
1 May 1876 - 9 Nov 1876 Paul
Louis Félix Philastre
(b. 1837 - d. 1907)
(acting)
9 Nov 1876 - 6 Jan 1879 Jean
Moura (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
6 Jan 1879 - 10 May 1881 Étienne
François Aymonier (acting) (b. 1844 - d. 1929)
10 May 1881 - 1 Nov 1884 Paul
Julien Auguste Fourès
(b. 1853 - d. 1915)
Residents-general
1 Nov 1884 - 12 Aug 1885 Paul
Julien Auguste Fourès (acting)(s.a.)
12 Aug 1885 - 16 Oct 1885 Jules Victor
Renauld (acting)
(b. 1843 - d. 1887)
16 Oct 1885 - 17 May 1886 Pierre de Badens
(provisional) (b. 1847 - d.
1897)
17 May 1886 - 28 Oct 1887 Jules Georges
Piquet
(b. 1839 - d. 1923)
4 Nov 1887 - 10 May 1889 Louis
Eugène Palasne de Champeaux (b. 1840 - d.
1889)
(acting)
10 May 1889 - 4 Jul 1889 Pascal
Orsini
(acting)
(b. 1868 - d. 19..)
Resident supérieurs
(subordinated to the Governors-general of
French Indochina)
4 Jul 1889 - 24 Jan 1894
Albert Louis Huyn de Vernéville
(b. 1845 - d. 1909)
(1st time)
24 Jan 1894 - 4 Aug 1894 Flore
Léonce Marquant (acting)
(b. 1845 - d. 1921)
4 Aug 1894 - 14 May 1897 Albert
Louis Huyn de Vernéville (s.a.)
(2nd time)
14 May 1897 - 16 Jan 1900 Antoine Étienne
Alexandre Ducos (b. 1851 - d.
1907)
16 Jan 1900 - 3 Jun 1901 Louis Paul
Luce (1st time) (b.
1856 - d. 1931)
(acting)
3 Jun 1901 - 17 Jul 1902 Léon Jules
Paul Boulloche
(b. 1859 - d. 1922)
17 Jul 1902 - 26 Oct 1902 Charles Pierre
Pallier (acting) (b. 1862 - d. 1929)
26 Oct 1902 - 25 Sep 1904 Henri Félix de
Lamothe
(b. 1843 - d. 1926)
25 Sep 1904 - 16 Oct 1905 Louis Jules
Morel
(b. 1853 - d. 1911)
16 Oct 1905 - 16 Dec 1905 Olivier Charles
Arthur de (b. 1853 -
d. 1910)
Lalande de Calan (acting)
29 Dec 1905 - 26 Jul 1911 Louis Paul Luce
(2nd time) (s.a.)
26 Jul 1911 - 26 Mar 1914
Ernest Amédée Antoine Georges
(b. 1863 - d. 1941)
Outrey (acting to 8 Oct 1911)
26 Mar 1914 - 25 Jul 1914 François
Xavier Tessarech (acting) (b. 1866 - d. 19..)
25 Jul 1914 - 22 Oct 1914 Joseph Maurice
Le Gallen (acting) (b. 1873 - d. 1956)
22 Oct 1914 - 20 Jan 1927 François Marius Baudoin
(b. 1867 - d.
1957)
15 Apr 1920 - 6 Dec 1920 Gaston René
Georges Maspéro
(b. 1872 - d. 1942)
(acting for Baudoin)
6 Dec 1920 - 21 Feb 1921 Hector
Clair Joseph Henri Létang (b. 1862 - d.
1948)
(acting for Baudoin)
10 Apr 1922 - 8 May 1924 Victor
Édouard Marie L'Helgoualc'h (b.
1870 - d. 1968)
(acting for Baudoin)
20 Jan 1927 - 1 Jan 1929 Aristide
Eugène Le Fol
(b. 1878 - d. 1967)
1 Jan 1929 - 12 Jan 1929 Achille
Louis Auguste Silvestre (b. 1879 -
d. 1937)
(1st time) (acting)
12 Jan 1929 - 4 Mar 1932 Fernand
Marie Joseph Antoine Lavit (b. 1872 - d. 1955)
4 Mar 1932 - 15 Jan 1935 Achille
Louis Auguste Silvestre (s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting to 7 Dec 1932)
15 Jan 1935 - 12 Dec 1936 Henri Louis
Marie Richomme (acting)(b. 1880 - d. 1945)
12 Dec 1936 - 29 Dec 1941 Léon Emmanuel
Thibaudeau
(b. 1883 - d. 1946)
(acting to 16 Jun 1937)
29 Dec 1941 - 2 Mar 1943 Jean
Delens (acting)
(b. 1891 - d. 1965)
2 Mar 1943 - Nov
1944 Georges Armand Léon Gautier
(b. 1901 - d. 1987)
Nov 1944 - 9 Mar
1945 André Joseph Berjoan (1st
time) (b. 1903 - d. 1990)
(acting)
(Japanese prisoner 9 Mar - Aug 1945)
Japanese commander
9 Mar 1945 - Aug 1945
Takanobu (Keishin)
Manaki
(b. 1894 - d. 1979)
(commander of the 2nd Division)
Japanese Supreme Adviser
9 Mar 1945 - 17 Aug 1945
Kan'ichirō Kubota
(b. 1902 - d. 1977)
Resident supérieur
Aug 1945 - 15 Oct 1945
André Joseph Berjoan (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting)
Commander, Allied Land Forces, Cambodia
8 Oct 1945 - 26 Mar 1946 Edward Dymoke
Murray (U.K.) (b. 1910 - d.
2002)
Commissioners of the
French Republic in
Cambodia
(subordinated to the High Commissioners of
France in Indochina)
15 Oct 1945 - 10 Apr 1946 Paul Huard
(b. 1903 - d. 1994)
10 Apr 1946 - 20 May 1947 Romain Victor
Joseph Pénavaire (b. 1904 - d. 1968)
(acting 25 Jul 1945)
20 May 1947 - 20 Oct 1948 Léon Marie Adolphe
Pascal Pignon (b. 1908 - d. 1976)
20 Oct 1948 - 26 Feb 1949 Lucien Vincent
Loubet (acting) (b. 1905 - d. 1985)
26 Feb 1949 - 29 Oct 1951 Jean Léon
François Marie de
(b. 1907 - d. 1951)
Raymond
29 Oct 1951 - 16 May 1952 Yves Jean
Digo
(b. 1897 - d. 1974)
16 May 1952 - 27 Apr 1953 Jean
Risterucci
(b. 1911 - d. 1982)
High Commissioners of
the French Republic in
Cambodia
27 Apr 1953 - 1954 Jean
Risterucci
(s.a.)
1954 -
1955
Pierre Marie Martial
Gorce
(b. 1917 - d. 2006)
Democratic Kampuchea in Exile
1979-1993 and the Provisional Government of
National Union and National Salvation of Cambodia
1994-1998
-
- 7 Jan 1979 - 2 Jul 1993
|
-
- 11 Jul 1994 - 22 Jun 1998
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7 Jan
1979
Vietnamese military forces occupy Phnom Penh.
22 Jun
1982
Democratic Kampuchea coalition government formed,
it
retains
UN recognition (after establishment of the
Vietnam-backed
People's Republic of Kampuchea) and operates in
exile
and in the far western provinces along border with
Thailand.
3 Feb
1990
Renamed the National Government of Cambodia.
2 Jul
1993
Dissolved.
11 Jul 1994 - 22 Jun 1998 Provisional
Government of National Union and National Salvation
of Cambodia (PGNUNSC) set up by Khmer
Rouge at Pailin after
failure
to reach settlement with the government.
Defections
and loss of territory to the government end in
its dissolution.
President of the State Presidium
7 Jan 1979 - 22 Jun
1982 Khieu
Samphan
(s.a.)
KCP;1981 PKP
Presidents of the Coalition
Government of Democratic Kampuchea
(from 3 Feb 1990, National Government of Cambodia)
22 Jun 1982 - 20 Nov 1991 Nordom Sihanouk (1st
time)
(s.a.)
FUNCINPEC;
(in Beijing, China exile to 23 Feb 1990)
Jul 1991: Ind
20 Nov 1991 - 2 Jul 1993 Khieu Samphan
(acting)
(s.a.)
PKP
Prime ministers
7 Jan 1979 - Dec
1979 Pol
Pot
(s.a.)
KCP
Dec 1979 - 22 Jun
1982 Khieu Samphan (1st
time)
(s.a.)
KCP;1981 PKP
22 Jun 1982 - 2 Jul
1993 Son
Sann
(s.a.)
PKP;1992 BPLD
11 Jul 1994 - 22 Jun
1998 Khieu Samphan (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
KSCK
¹Queen Sisovath Monivong Kossamak Nearireath
(f) (s.a.) ruled together with her husband King Norodom
Suramarit (s.a.) from 3 Mar 1955 to his death on 3 Apr
1960 as virtual co-head of State. When her son, Prince
Norodom Sihanouk (s.a.), ruled as chief of State (20 Jun
1960 - 18 Mar 1970), as the throne was declared vacant,
she served as "Ceremonial Head of State, Symbol,
Incarnation and Representative of the Crown."
Territorial Disputes:
Cambodia is concerned about Laos' extensive upstream
dam construction; Cambodia and Thailand dispute
sections of boundary; in 2011 Thailand and Cambodia
resorted to arms in the dispute over the location of
the boundary on the precipice surmounted by Preah
Vihear temple ruins, awarded to Cambodia by ICJ
decision in 1962 and part of a planned UN World
Heritage site; Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide
variety of illicit cross-border activities; progress
on a joint development area with Vietnam is hampered
by an unresolved dispute over sovereignty of offshore
islands.
Party abbreviations: KPK
= Kanakpak Pracheachon
Kâmpuchéa (Cambodian People's Party,
democratic-socialist, authoritarian, former
KPRP, est.17 Oct 1991);
FUNCINPEC = Front Uni National pour un
Cambodge Indépendant, Neutre, Pacifique, et Coopératif
(National United Front for an Independent, Neutral,
Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia, Sihanouk's
main political group, royalist, center-right,
est.1981); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: BPLD
= Buddhist Liberal Democratic Party (center-right,
Buddhist socialist, monarchist, 1992-1997); FUNK
= Front Uni National du Kampuchéa (National United Front
of Kampuchea, coalition of Sihanoukists and Khmer Rouge,
1970-1976); GRUNK =
Gouvernement Royal d'Union Nationale du Kampuchéa (Royal
Government of National Union of Kampuchea,
Government-in-exile formed by Sihanouk, May
1970-1975); FUNSK = Front
d'Union Nationale pour le Salut du Kampuchéa (Kampuchean
National United Front for National Salvation, anti-Khmer
Rouge, pro-Vietnam coalition of KPRP, 1978-1981);
FNLPK = Front National de Libération du
Peuple Khmer (Khmer People's National
Liberation Front (right-wing, pro-Western,
anti-Communist faction in opposition to Vietnamese
occupation, 1979-1992); KCP
= Parti Communiste du Kampuchéa (Communist
Party of Kampuchea (known publicly as Angkar
Loeu [High Organization] was actually Khmer Rouge, from
29 Sep 1977 officially announced to be Kampuchean
Communist Party, only legal party
1976-79, Maoist communist, 1966-1981);
KP = Krom Pracheathipodei
(Democratic Party, social-democratic, pro-independence,
1946-1957); KS = Khmer Serei
(Free Khmer, anti-communist, anti-monarchist,
1956-1979); KSCK = Kanakpak
Samakki Cheat Kampuchea (Cambodian National Unity Party,
est. by KRP, former PDK, 1992-1998); PKP
= Pheakki Kampuchea Pracheathippatatei
(Party of Democratic Kampuchea,
democratic-socialist, est. by KRP, 1981-1994);
KPRP = Parti Révolutionnaire du
Peuple Khmer (Khmer People's
Revolutionary Party (Marxist-Leninist
communist, anti-Khmer Rouge, pro-Vietnam, to 1981 named
Cambodian Communist, only legal party 1981-91, in 1991
renounces communism, 1979-1991, renamed KPK); SSR
= Sangkum Sathéaranak Râth (Social
Republican Party, nationalist, anti-communist,
Lon Nol personalist, 1972-1975); KRP
= Kanakpak Khemara Ponnakar (Khmer Renovation
Party, nationalist, right-wing, 1947-1955, merged into
SRN); SRN = Sangkum Reastr Niyum
(Popular Socialist Community, nationalist, Buddhist
socialism, anti-communist, 1955-1970)
© Ben Cahoon |