United States Government

Contents: Vice Presidents - State Department - Department of Defense (DOD) - Department of the Army - National Guard Bureau - Department of the Navy - Department of the Air Force - Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff - Chiefs of the Army Staff - Corps of Engineers (ACE) - Women's Army Corps (WAC) - Chiefs of Naval Operations - Women Accepted Emergency Service (WAVES) - Commandants of the Marine Corps - Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR) - Chiefs of the Air Force Staff - Women in the Air Force (WAF) - Post Office Department - Department  of the Treasury - Internal Revenue Service (IRS) -  U.S. Mint - Department of Justice (DOJ)  - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Solicitors General  - Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives (ATF) - Federal Bureau of Prisons - U.S. Marshals Service - Department  of the Interior (DOI) - Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) - Bureau of Land Management (BLM) - Bureau of Reclamation - Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) - U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) - National Park Service (NPS) - War Relocation Authority (WRA) - Department of Agriculture - Forest Service - Department of Commerce (DOC) - Commerce and Labor - Census Bureau - Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin. (NOAA) - NOAA Commissioned Officers Corps - National Weather Service - Department of Labor (DOL) - Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUDD) - Department  of Transportation (DOT)  - Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)  - Merchant Marine - Department  of Energy (DOE) - Atomic Energy  Commission (AEC) - Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) - Surgeon General/Public Health Service (PHS) - Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) - Department of Education - Department of Veterans Affairs - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Coast Guard - Semper Paratus Always Prepared (SPARs) - Customs - Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) - Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) - Secret Service (USSS) -Transportation Security Administration (TSA)  -

U.S. Government Part 2: UN Representative - White House Chief  of  Staff - Director of National Intelligence (DNI) - National Security Advisor - Trade Representative (USTR) - American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) - Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Federal Reserve System - Federal Communications Commission (FCC) - Federal Trade Commission (FTC) - National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) - National Archives (NARA) - National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) - Peace Corps - Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) - Social Security Administration (SSA) - Smithsonian Institution - Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) - U.S. Supreme Court - U.S. Senate - House of Representatives - Library of Congress (LOC) - Government Accountability Office (GAO)- Democratic National Committee (DNC) - Republican National Committee (RNC) -

Other Governments: Confederate States of America (1861-1865) - Republic of Texas (1836-1846) - Hawaii (1795-1900)

Vice Presidents

7 Feb 1936 - 10 Nov 1948

10 Nov 1948 - 7 Oct 1975

Adopted 7 Oct 1975

Vice Presidents¹
21 Apr 1789 -  4 Mar 1797  John Adams                        (b. 1735 - d. 1826)  Fed
 4 Mar 1797 -  4 Mar 1801  Thomas Jefferson                  (b. 1743 - d. 1826)  D-R
 4 Mar 1801 -  4 Mar 1805  Aaron Burr                        (b. 1756 - d. 1836)  D-R
 4 Mar 1805 - 20 Apr 1812  George Clinton                    (b. 1739 - d. 1812)  D-R
20 Apr 1812 -  4 Mar 1813  Vacant
 4 Mar 1813 - 23 Nov 1814  Elbridge Gerry                    (b. 1744 - d. 1814)  D-R
 4 Mar 1817 -  4 Mar 1825  Daniel D. Tompkins                (b. 1744 - d. 1825)  D-R
 4 Mar 1825 - 28 Dec 1832  John Caldwell Calhoun             (b. 1782 - d. 1850)  Dem
28 Dec 1832 -  4 Mar 1833  Vacant
 4 Mar 1833 -  4 Mar 1837  Martin van Buren                  (b. 1782 - d. 1862)  Dem
 4 Mar 1837 -  4 Mar 1841  Richard Mentor Johnson            (b. 1780 - d. 1850)  Dem
 4 Mar 1841 -  4 Apr 1841  John Tyler                        (b. 1790 - d. 1862)  Whg
 4 Apr 1841 -  4 Mar 1845  Vacant
 4 Mar 1845 -  4 Mar 1849  George Mifflin Dallas             (b. 1792 - d. 1864)  Dem
 4 Mar 1849 -  9 Jul 1850  Millard Fillmore                  (b. 1800 - d. 1874)  Whg
 9 Jul 1850 -  4 Mar 1853  Vacant
 4 Mar 1853 - 18 Apr 1853  William Rufus de Vane King        (b. 1786 - d. 1853)  Dem
18 Apr 1853 -  4 Mar 1857  Vacant
 4 Mar 1857 -  4 Mar 1861  John Cabell Breckinridge          (b. 1821 - d. 1875)  Dem
 4 Mar 1861 -  4 Mar 1865  Hannibal Hamlin                   (b. 1809 - d. 1891)  Rep
 4 Mar 1865 - 15 Apr 1865  Andrew Johnson                    (b. 1808 - d. 1875)  Dem
15 Apr 1865 -  4 Mar 1869  Vacant
 4 Mar 1869 -  4 Mar 1873  Schuyler Colfax                   (b. 1823 - d. 1885)  Rep
 4 Mar 1873 - 22 Nov 1875  Henry Wilson                      (b. 1812 - d. 1875)  Rep
22 Nov 1875 -  4 Mar 1877  Vacant
 4 Mar 1877 -  4 Mar 1881  William Almon Wheeler             (b. 1819 - d. 1887)  Rep
 4 Mar 1881 - 19 Sep 1881  Chester Allen Arthur              (b. 1830 - d. 1886)  Rep
19 Sep 1881 -  4 Mar 1885  Vacant
 4 Mar 1885 -  4 Mar 1889  Thomas Andews Hendricks           (b. 1819 - d. 1885)  Dem
 4 Mar 1889 -  4 Mar 1893  Levi Parsons Morton               (b. 1824 - d. 1920)  Rep
 4 Mar 1893 -  4 Mar 1897  Adlai Ewing Stevenson             (b. 1835 - d. 1914)  Dem
 4 Mar 1897 - 21 Nov 1899  Garret Augustus Hobart            (b. 1844 - d. 1899)  Rep
21 Nov 1899 -  4 Mar 1901  Vacant
 4 Mar 1901 - 14 Sep 1901  Theodore Roosevelt                (b. 1858 - d. 1919)  Rep
14 Sep 1901 -  4 Mar 1905  Vacant
 4 Mar 1905 -  4 Mar 1909  Charles Warren Fairbanks          (b. 1852 - d. 1918)  Rep
 4 Mar 1909 - 30 Oct 1912  James Schoolcraft Sherman         (b. 1855 - d. 1912)  Rep
30 Oct 1912 -  4 Mar 1913  Vacant
 4 Mar 1913 -  4 Mar 1921  Thomas Riley Marshall             (b. 1854 - d. 1925)  Dem
 4 Mar 1921 -  2 Aug 1923  Calvin Coolidge                   (b. 1872 - d. 1933)  Rep
 2 Aug 1923 -  4 Mar 1925  Vacant
 4 Mar 1925 -  4 Mar 1929  Charles Gates Dawes               (b. 1865 - d. 1951)  Rep
 4 Mar 1929 -  4 Mar 1933  Charles Curtis                    (b. 1860 - d. 1936)  Rep
 4 Mar 1933 - 20 Jan 1941  John Nance Garner                 (b. 1868 - d. 1967)  Dem
20 Jan 1941 - 20 Jan 1945  Henry Agard Wallace               (b. 1888 - d. 1965)  Dem
20 Jan 1945 - 12 Apr 1945  Harry S. Truman                   (b. 1884 - d. 1972)  Dem
12 Apr 1945 - 20 Jan 1949  Vacant
20 Jan 1949 - 20 Jan 1953  Alban William Barkley             (b. 1877 - d. 1956)  Dem
21 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961  Richard Milhous Nixon             (b. 1913 - d. 1994)  Rep
20 Jan 1961 - 22 Nov 1963  Lyndon Baines Johnson             (b. 1908 - d. 1973)  Dem
22 Nov 1963 - 20 Jan 1965  Vacant
20 Jan 1965 - 20 Jan 1969  Hubert Horatio Humphrey           (b. 1911 - d. 1978)  Dem
20 Jan 1969 - 10 Oct 1973  Spiro Theodore Agnew              (b. 1918 - d. 1996)  Rep
10 Oct 1973 -  6 Dec 1973  Vacant
 6 Dec 1973 -  9 Aug 1974  Gerald Rudolph Ford               (b. 1913 - d. 2006)  Rep
 9 Aug 1974 - 19 Dec 1974  Vacant
19 Dec 1974 - 20 Jan 1977  Nelson Aldrich Rockerfeller       (b. 1908 - d. 1979)  Rep
20 Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981  Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale  (b. 1928)            Dem
20 Jan 1981 - 20 Jan 1989  George Herbert Walker Bush        (b. 1924)            Rep
20 Jan 1989 - 20 Jan 1993  Danforth "Dan" James Quayle       (b. 1947)            Rep
20 Jan 1993 - 20 Jan 2001  Albert "Al" Gore, Jr.             (b. 1948)            Dem
20 Jan 2001 -              Richard "Dick" Bruce Cheney       (b. 1941)            Rep

 ¹The Vice Presidents formally serve as presidents of the Senate, but rarely
presides over routine day-to-day debate. Until 1890, the Senate elected a President
Pro Tempore whenever the Vice President was not in attendance. When the Vice President returned, the President "Pro Tem" lost his place, and when the Vice President was 
again absent, the Senate again elected a President Pro Tempore. By the standing order
agreed to on 12 Mar 1890, the Senate declared that the President Pro Tempore shall hold
office during "the pleasure of the Senate and until another is elected, and shall execute
the duties thereof during all future absences of the Vice President until the Senate
does otherwise order."

Party abbreviations: Dem = Democratic Party (liberal, formerly D-R); Rep = Republican Party (conservative [est.1854 as anti-slavery]);
- Former parties: D-R = Democratic-Republican Party (pro-states rights, anti-Federalist, 1794-1829, renamed Dem); Fed = Federalist Party (conservative, pro-Federal power, 1780's-1815); Whg = Whig Party (pro-federal govt., anti-Jacksonian, 1834-1854/60)

                       Adotped 21 Jan 1933

Department of State

10 Jul 1781                Department of Foreign Affairs
15 Sep 1789                Department of State

Secretaries
20 Oct 1781 - Jun 1783     Robert B. Livingston        (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
 7 May 1784 - 22 Mar 1790  John Jay                    (b. 1745 - d. 1829)
                             (acting from 4 Mar 1789)
22 Mar 1790 - 31 Dec 1793  Thomas Jefferson            (b. 1743 - d. 1826)
 2 Jan 1794 - 20 Aug 1795  Edmund Randolph             (b. 1753 - d. 1813)
20 Aug 1795 - 12 May 1800  Timothy Pickering           (b. 1745 - d. 1829)
                             (acting to 9 Dec 1795)
13 May 1800 -  5 Jun 1800  Charles Lee (acting)        (b. 1785 - d. 1815)
 6 Jun 1800 -  4 Mar 1801  John Marshall               (b. 1755 - d. 1835)
                             (acting from 4 Feb 1801)
 5 Mar 1801 -  1 May 1801  Levi Lincoln (acting)       (b. 1749 - d. 1820)
 2 May 1801 -  3 Mar 1809  James Madison               (b. 1751 - d. 1836)
 6 Mar 1809 -  1 Apr 1811  Robert Smith                (b. 1757 - d. 1842)
 2 Apr 1811 -  3 Mar 1817  James Monroe                (b. 1758 - d. 1831)
                             (acting 1 Oct 1814 - 28 Feb 1815)
 4 Mar 1817 -  9 Mar 1817  John Graham (acting)
10 Mar 1817 - 22 Sep 1817  Richard Rush (acting)       (b. 1780 - d. 1859)
22 Sep 1817 -  3 Mar 1825  John Quincy Adams           (b. 1767 - d. 1848)
 4 Mar 1825 -  7 Mar 1825  Daniel Brent (acting)
 7 Mar 1825 -  3 Mar 1829  Henry Clay                  (b. 1777 - d. 1852)
 4 Mar 1829 - 27 Mar 1829  James A. Hamilton (acting)
28 Mar 1829 - 23 May 1831  Martin Van Buren            (b. 1782 - d. 1862)
24 May 1831 - 28 May 1833  Edward Livingstone          (b. 1764 - d. 1836)
29 May 1833 - 30 Jun 1834  Louis McLane                (b. 1786 - d. 1857)
 1 Jul 1834 -  3 Mar 1841  John Forsyth                (b. 1780 - d. 1841)
 4 Mar 1841 -  5 Mar 1841  Jacob L. Martin (acting)    (d. 1848)
 6 Mar 1841 -  8 May 1843  Daniel Webster (1st time)   (b. 1782 - d. 1852)
 9 May 1843 - 20 Jun 1843  Hugh Swinton Legaré         (b. 1797 - d. 1843)
21 Jun 1843 - 23 Jun 1843  William S. Derrick (acting) (b. 1802 - d. 1852)
24 Jun 1843 - 28 Feb 1844  Abel Parker Upshur          (b. 1790 - d. 1844)
                             (acting to 23 Jul 1843)
29 Feb 1844 - 31 Mar 1844  John Nelson (acting)        (b. 1794 - d. 1860)
 1 Apr 1844 - 10 Mar 1845  John Caldwell Calhoun       (b. 1782 - d. 1850)
10 Mar 1845 -  7 Mar 1849  James Buchanan              (b. 1791 - d. 1868)
 8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850  John Middleton Clayton      (b. 1796 - d. 1856)
23 Jul 1850 - 24 Oct 1852  Daniel Webster (2nd time)   (s.a.)
25 Oct 1852 -  5 Nov 1852  Charles M. Conrad (acting)  (b. 1804 - d. 1878)
 6 Nov 1852 -  3 Mar 1853  Edward Everett              (b. 1795 - d. 1865)
 4 Mar 1853 -  7 Mar 1853  William Hunter (acting)     (b. 1805 - d. 1886)
                             (1st time)
 8 Mar 1853 -  3 Mar 1857  William Learned Marcy       (b. 1786 - d. 1857)
 6 Mar 1857 - 14 Dec 1860  Lewis Cass                  (b. 1782 - d. 1866)
15 Dec 1860 - 16 Dec 1860  William Hunter (acting)     (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
17 Dec 1860 -  5 Mar 1861  Jeremiah Sullivan Black     (b. 1810 - d. 1883)
 6 Mar 1861 -  4 Mar 1869  William Henry Seward        (b. 1801 - d. 1872)
 5 Mar 1869 - 16 Mar 1869  Elihu Benjamin Washburne    (b. 1816 - d. 1887)
17 Mar 1869 - 12 Mar 1877  Hamilton Fish               (b. 1808 - d. 1893)
12 Mar 1877 -  7 Mar 1881  William Maxwell Evarts      (b. 1818 - d. 1901)
 7 Mar 1881 - 19 Dec 1881  James Gillespie Blaine      (b. 1830 - d. 1893)
                             (1st time)
19 Dec 1881 -  6 Mar 1885  Frederick Theodore          (b. 1817 - d. 1885)
                             Frelinghuysen
 7 Mar 1885 -  6 Mar 1889  Thomas Francis Bayard       (b. 1828 - d. 1898)
 7 Mar 1889 -  4 Jun 1892  James Gillespie Blaine      (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 4 Jun 1892 - 29 Jun 1892  William F. Wharton          (b. 1847 - d. 1919)
                             (1st time) (acting)
29 Jun 1892 - 23 Feb 1893  John Watson Foster          (b. 1836 - d. 1917)
24 Feb 1893 -  6 Mar 1893  William F. Warton           (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (acting)
 7 Mar 1893 - 28 May 1895  Walter Quintin Gresham      (b. 1832 - d. 1895)
28 May 1895 -  9 Jun 1895  Edwin F. Uhl (acting)       (b. 1841 - d. 1901)
10 Jun 1895 -  5 Mar 1897  Richard Olney               (b. 1835 - d. 1917)
 6 Mar 1897 - 27 Apr 1898  John Sherman                (b. 1823 - d. 1900)
28 Apr 1898 - 16 Sep 1898  William Rufus Day           (b. 1849 - d. 1923)
17 Sep 1898 - 29 Sep 1898  Alvey A. Adee (acting)      (b. 1842 - d. 1924)
30 Sep 1898 -  1 Jul 1905  John Milton Hay             (b. 1849 - d. 1923)
 1 Jul 1905 - 18 Jul 1905  Francis B. Loomis (acting)  (b. 1861 - d. 1948)
18 Jul 1905 - 27 Jan 1909  Elihu Root                  (b. 1845 - d. 1937)
27 Jan 1909 -  5 Mar 1909  Robert Bacon                (b. 1860 - d. 1919)
 6 Mar 1909 -  5 Mar 1913  Philander Chase Knox        (b. 1853 - d. 1921)
 5 Mar 1913 -  9 Jun 1915  William Jennings Bryan      (b. 1860 - d. 1925)
 9 Jun 1915 - 13 Feb 1920  Robert Lansing              (b. 1864 - d. 1928)
                             (acting to 23 Jun 1915)
14 Feb 1920 - 14 Mar 1920  Frank Lyon Polk (acting)    (b. 1871 - d. 1943)
22 Mar 1920 -  4 Mar 1921  Bainbridge Colby            (b. 1869 - d. 1950)
 5 Mar 1921 -  4 Jan 1925  Charles Evans Huges         (b. 1862 - d. 1948)
 5 Mar 1925 - 28 Mar 1929  Frank Billings Kellogg      (b. 1856 - d. 1937)
28 Mar 1929 -  4 Mar 1933  Henry Lewis Stimson         (b. 1867 - d. 1950)
 4 Mar 1933 - 30 Nov 1944  Cordell Hull                (b. 1871 - d. 1955)
 1 Dec 1944 - 27 Jun 1945  Edward Reilly Stettinius    (b. 1900 - d. 1949)
28 Jun 1945 -  3 Jul 1945  Joseph C. Grew (acting)     (b. 1880 - d. 1965)
 3 Jul 1945 - 21 Jan 1947  James Francis Byrnes        (b. 1879 - d. 1972)
21 Jan 1947 - 20 Jan 1949  George Catlett Marshall     (b. 1880 - d. 1959)
21 Jan 1949 - 20 Jan 1953  Dean Gooderham Acheson      (b. 1893 - d. 1971)
20 Jan 1953 - 21 Jan 1953  H. Freeman Matthews (acting)(b. 1899 - d. 1986)
21 Jan 1953 - 22 Apr 1959  John Foster Dulles          (b. 1888 - d. 1959)
22 Apr 1959 - 20 Jan 1961  Christian Archibald Herter  (b. 1895 - d. 1966)
20 Jan 1961 - 21 Jan 1961  Livingston T. Merchant      (b. 1903 - d. 1976)
                             (acting)
21 Jan 1961 - 20 Jan 1969  Dean Rusk                   (b. 1909 - d. 1994)
20 Jan 1969 - 22 Jan 1969  Charles E. Bohlen (acting)  (b. 1904 - d. 1974)
22 Jan 1969 -  3 Sep 1973  William Pierce Rogers       (b. 1913 - d. 2001)
 3 Sep 1973 - 22 Sep 1973  Kenneth Rush (acting)       (b. 1910 - d. 1994)
22 Sep 1973 - 20 Jan 1977  Henry Alfred Kissinger      (b. 1923)
20 Jan 1977 - 23 Jan 1977  Philip C. Habib (acting)    (b. 1920 - d. 1992)
23 Jan 1977 - 28 Apr 1980  Cyrus Roberts Vance         (b. 1917 - d. 2002)
28 Apr 1980 -  2 May 1980  Warren M. Christopher       (b. 1925)
                             (1st time) (acting)
 2 May 1980 -  3 May 1980  David D. Newsom (acting)    (b. 1918 - d. 2008)
                             (1st time)
 3 May 1980                Richard N. Cooper (acting)  (b. 1934)
 3 May 1980 -  4 May 1980  David D. Newsom (acting)    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 4 May 1980 -  8 May 1980  Warren M. Christopher       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (acting)
 8 May 1980 - 18 Jan 1981  Edmund Sixtus Muskie        (b. 1914 - d. 1996)
18 Jan 1981 - 22 Jan 1981  David D. Newsom (acting)    (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
22 Jan 1981 -  5 Jul 1982  Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr.   (b. 1924)
 5 Jul 1982 - 16 Jul 1982  Walter J. Stoessel, Jr.     (b. 1920 - d. 1986)
                             (acting)
16 Jul 1982 - 20 Jan 1989  George P. Shultz            (b. 1920)
20 Jan 1989 - 25 Jan 1989  Michael Hayden Armacost     (b. 1937)
                             (acting)
25 Jan 1989 - 23 Aug 1992  James Addison Baker III     (b. 1930)
23 Aug 1992 - 19 Jan 1993  Lawrence S. Eagleburger     (b. 1930)
                             (acting to 8 Dec 1992)
20 Jan 1993                Arnold Lee Kantor (acting)  (b. 1945)
20 Jan 1993                Frank G. Wisner (acting)    (b. 1938)
20 Jan 1993 -  7 Jan 1997  Warren M. Christopher       (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
 7 Jan 1997 - 23 Jan 1997  Strobe Talbott (acting)     (b. 1946)
23 Jan 1997 - 20 Jan 2001  Madeleine Korbel Albright(f)(b. 1937)
20 Jan 2001 - 26 Jan 2005  Colin Luther Powell         (b. 1937)
26 Jan 2005 -              Condoleezza "Condi" Rice (f)(b. 1954)

              Adopted 7 Oct 1947

Department of Defense

 
18 Sep 1947                Department of Defense (originally designated National Military
                             Establishment), including the Departments of the Army, Navy,
                             and Air Force.
 

Secretaries of Defense
18 Sep 1947 - 28 Mar 1949  James V. Forrestal                 (b. 1892 - d. 1949)
28 Mar 1949 - 19 Sep 1950  Louis Arthur Johnson               (b. 1891 - d. 1956)
21 Sep 1950 - 12 Sep 1951  George Catlett Marshall            (b. 1880 - d. 1959)
17 Sep 1951 - 20 Jan 1953  Robert Abercrombie Lovett          (b. 1895 - d. 1986)
26 Jan 1953 -  8 Oct 1957  Charles Erwin Wilson               (b. 1890 - d. 1961)
 9 Oct 1957 -  1 Dec 1959  Neil H. McElroy                    (b. 1904 - d. 1972)
 2 Dec 1959 - 20 Jan 1961  Thomas Sovereign Gates             (b. 1906 - d. 1983)
21 Jan 1961 - 29 Feb 1968  Robert Strange McNamara            (b. 1916)
 1 Mar 1968 - 20 Jan 1969  Clark McAdams Clifford             (b. 1906 - d. 1998)
22 Jan 1969 - 29 Jan 1973  Melvin Robert Laird                (b. 1922)
30 Jan 1973 - 24 May 1973  Elliot Lee Richardson              (b. 1920 - d. 1999)
 2 Jul 1973 - 19 Nov 1975  James Rodney Schlesinger           (b. 1929)
20 Nov 1975 - 20 Jan 1977  Donald H. Rumsfeld  (1st time)     (b. 1932)
21 Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981  Harold Brown                       (b. 1927)
21 Jan 1981 - 23 Nov 1987  Caspar W. Weinberger               (b. 1917 - d. 2006)
23 Nov 1987 - 20 Jan 1989  Frank C. Carlucci                  (b. 1930)
20 Jan 1989 - 21 Mar 1989  William Howard Taft IV (acting)    (b. 1945)
21 Mar 1989 - 20 Jan 1993  Richard B. Cheney                  (b. 1941)
21 Jan 1993 -  3 Feb 1994  Leslie "Les" Aspin                 (b. 1938 - d. 1995)
 3 Feb 1994 - 23 Jan 1997  William J. Perry                   (b. 1927)
24 Jan 1997 - 20 Jan 2001  William S. Cohen                   (b. 1940)
20 Jan 2001 - 18 Dec 2006  Donald H. Rumsfeld (2nd time)      (s.a.)
18 Dec 2006 -              Robert M. Gates                    (b. 1943)
 
 

    Flag of Chairman Adopted 1949

Joint Chiefs of Staff

16 Aug 1949                Office of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff created.

Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief
20 Jul 1942 - 21 Mar 1949  William Daniel Leahy (Navy)        (b. 1875 - d. 1955)
Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
16 Aug 1949 - 16 Aug 1953  Omar Nelson Bradley (Army)         (b. 1893 - d. 1981)
15 Aug 1953 - 15 Aug 1957  Arthur William Radford (Navy)      (b. 1896 - d. 1973)
15 Aug 1957 - 30 Sep 1960  Nathan Farragut Twining (Air Force)(b. 1897 - d. 1982)
 1 Oct 1960 - 30 Sep 1962  Lyman Louis Lemnitzer (Army)       (b. 1899 - d. 1988)
 1 Oct 1962 -  1 Jul 1964  Maxwell Davenport Taylor (Army)    (b. 1901 - d. 1987)
 3 Jul 1964 -  2 Jul 1970  Earle Gilmore Wheeler (Army)       (d. 1908 - d. 1975)
 2 Jul 1970 -  1 Jul 1974  Thomas Hinman Moorer (Navy)        (b. 1912 - d. 2004)
 1 Jul 1974 - 20 Jun 1978  George Schratchley Brown           (b. 1918 - d. 1978)
                             (Air Force)
21 Jun 1978 - 18 Jun 1982  David Charles Jones (Air Force)    (b. 1921)
18 Jun 1983 - 30 Sep 1985  John William Vessey, Jr. (Army)    (b. 1922)
 1 Oct 1985 - 30 Sep 1989  William James Crowe, Jr. (Navy)    (b. 1925 - d. 2007)
 1 Oct 1989 - 30 Sep 1993  Colin Luther Powell (Army)         (b. 1937)
 1 Oct 1993 - 24 Oct 1993  David Elmer Jeremiah (acting)(Navy)(b. 1934)
25 Oct 1993 - 30 Sep 1997  John Malcahsse David Shalikasvilli (b. 1936)
                             (Army)
 1 Oct 1997 - 30 Sep 2001  Henry H. Shelton (Army)            (b. 1942)
 1 Oct 2001 - 30 Sep 2005  Richard B. Myers (Air Force)       (b. 1942)
30 Sep 2005 -  1 Oct 2007  Peter Pace (Marine Corps)          (b. 1945)
 1 Oct 2007 -              Michael Mullen (Navy)              (b. 1946)

National Guard Bureau

National Guard Bureau

21 Jan 1903                Section of Militia Affairs within the Adjutant
                             General's office.
12 Feb 1908                Division of Militia Affairs with the War Department.
 3 Jun 1916                Renamed Militia Bureau.
15 Jun 1933                National Guard Bureau
 1 Oct 1948                Made a Bureau of the Depart. of the Army 
                             and an Agency of the Dept. of the Air Force.
10 Jul 1959                Becomes a joint Bureau of the Departments of
                             the Army and Air Force.

1903 -  12 Jun 1956

Adopted 12 Jun 1956

U.S.  Army

 
12 Jun 1776                Board of War and Ordinance of the Continental Congress.
17 Oct 1777                Board of War
 7 Feb 1781                War Office
17 Aug 1789                War Department created.
18 Sep 1947                War Department becomes the Department of the Army, a
                             branch of the new Department of Defense.
 

Presidents
13 Jun 1776 - Nov 1777     John Adams                         (b. 1735 - d. 1826)
27 Nov 1777 - 30 Oct 1781  Horatio Gates                      (b. 1727 - d. 1806)
Secretaries at War
30 Oct 1781 - 29 Oc 1783   Benjamin Lincoln                   (b. 1733 - d. 1810)
 4 Nov 1783 -  8 Mar 1785  Joseph Carleton (acting)           (b. 1754 - d. 1812)
 8 Mar 1785 - 12 Sep 1789  Henry Knox                         (b. 1750 - d. 1806)
Secretaries of War
12 Sep 1789 - 31 Dec 1794  Henry Knox                         (s.a.)
 2 Jan 1795 - 10 Dec 1795  Timothy Pickering                  (b. 1745 - d. 1829)
27 Jan 1796 - 13 May 1800  James McHenry                      (b. 1753 - d. 1816)
13 May 1800 - 31 Jan 1801  Samuel Dexter                      (b. 1761 - d. 1816)
 3 Feb 1801 -  4 Mar 1801  Roger Griswold (acting)            (b. 1762 - d. 1812)
 5 Mar 1801 -  4 Mar 1809  Henry Dearborn                     (b. 1751 - d. 1829)
 7 Mar 1809 - 13 Jan 1813  William Eustis                     (b. 1753 - d. 1825)
13 Jan 1813 - 27 Sep 1814  John Armstrong, Jr.                (b. 1758 - d. 1843)
27 Sep 1814 -  2 Mar 1815  James Monroe                       (b. 1758 - d. 1831)
 1 Aug 1815 - 22 Oct 1816  William Harris Crawford            (b. 1772 - d. 1834)
 7 Apr 1817 -  4 Oct 1817  George Graham (acting)
 8 Oct 1817 -  4 Mar 1825  John Caldwell Calhoun              (b. 1782 - d. 1850)
 7 Mar 1825 - 23 May 1828  James Barbour                      (b. 1755 - d. 1842)
26 Mar 1828 -  4 Mar 1829  Peter Buell Porter                 (b. 1773 - d. 1844)
 9 Mar 1829 - 18 Jun 1831  John Henry Eaton                   (b. 1790 - d. 1856)
 1 Aug 1831 -  5 Oct 1836  Lewis Cass                         (b. 1782 - d. 1866)
 5 Oct 1836 -  4 Mar 1837  Benjamin Franklin Butler (acting)  (b. 1795 - d. 1858)
 7 Mar 1837 -  4 Mar 1841  Joel Roberts Poinsett              (b. 1779 - d. 1851)
 5 Mar 1841 - 13 Sep 1841  John Bell                          (b. 1797 - d. 1869)
13 Sep 1841 - 11 Oct 1841  John McLean (acting)
12 Oct 1841 -  4 Mar 1843  John Cranfield Spencer             (b. 1788 - d. 1858)
 8 Mar 1843 - 14 Feb 1844  James Madison Porter               (b. 1793 - d. 1862)
15 Feb 1844 -  4 Mar 1845  William Wilkins                    (b. 1779 - d. 1865)
 6 Mar 1845 -  4 Mar 1849  William Learned Marcy              (b. 1786 - d. 1857)
 8 Mar 1849 - 23 Jul 1850  George Walker Crawford             (b. 1798 - d. 1872)
23 Jul 1850 - 14 Aug 1850  Winfield Scott (acting)            (b. 1786 - d. 1866)
15 Aug 1850 -  4 Mar 1853  Charles Magill Conrad              (b. 1804 - d. 1878)
 7 Mar 1853 -  4 Mar 1857  Jefferson Davis                    (b. 1808 - d. 1889)
 6 Mar 1857 - 29 Dec 1860  John Buchanan Floyd                (b. 1806 - d. 1863)
18 Jan 1861 -  4 Mar 1861  Joseph Holt                        (b. 1807 - d. 1849)
 5 Mar 1861 - 14 Jan 1862  Simon Cameron                      (b. 1799 - d. 1889)
20 Jan 1862 - 28 May 1868  Edwin McMasters Stanton            (b. 1814 - d. 1869)
12 Aug 1867 - 14 Jan 1868  Ulysses S. Grant (acting)          (b. 1822 - d. 1885)
 1 Jun 1868 - 13 Mar 1869  John McAllister Schofield          (b. 1831 - d. 1906)
13 Mar 1869 -  6 Sep 1869  John A. Rawlins                    (b. 1831 - d. 1869)
 9 Sep 1869 - 24 Oct 1869  William Tecumseh Sherman           (b. 1820 - d. 1891)
25 Oct 1869 -  2 Mar 1876  William Worth Belknap              (b. 1829 - d. 1890)
 8 Mar 1876 - 22 May 1876  Alphonso Taft                      (b. 1810 - d. 1891)
22 May 1876 -  4 Mar 1877  James Donald Cameron               (b. 1833 - d. 1918)
12 Mar 1877 - 10 Dec 1879  George Washington McCarary         (b. 1835 - d. 1890)
10 Dec 1879 -  4 Mar 1881  Alexander Ramsey                   (b. 1815 - d. 1903)
 5 Mar 1881 -  4 Mar 1885  Robert Todd Lincoln                (b. 1843 - d. 1926)
 5 Mar 1885 -  4 Mar 1889  William C. Endicott                (b. 1826 - d. 1900)
 5 Mar 1889 -  5 Nov 1891  Redfield Proctor                   (b. 1831 - d. 1908)
17 Dec 1891 -  4 Mar 1893  Stephen B. Elkins                  (b. 1841 - d. 1911)
 5 Mar 1893 -  4 Mar 1897  Daniel Scott Lamont                (b. 1851 - d. 1905)
 5 Mar 1897 -  1 Aug 1899  Russel Alexander Alger             (b. 1836 - d. 1907)
 1 Aug 1899 - 31 Jan 1904  Elihu Root                         (b. 1854 - d. 1937)
 1 Feb 1904 - 30 Jun 1908  William Howard Taft                (b. 1857 - d. 1930)
 1 Jul 1908 -  4 Mar 1909  Luke Edward Wright                 (b. 1846 - d. 1922)
12 Mar 1909 - 21 May 1911  Jacob McGavock Dickinson           (b. 1851 - d. 1928)
22 May 1911 -  4 Mar 1913  Henry Lewis Stimson (1st time)     (b. 1867 - d. 1950)
 5 Mar 1913 - 10 Feb 1916  Lindley Miller Garrison            (b. 1864 - d. 1932)
 9 Mar 1916 -  4 Mar 1921  Newton Diehl Baker                 (b. 1871 - d. 1937)
 5 Mar 1921 - 13 Oct 1925  John Wingate Weeks                 (b. 1860 - d. 1926)
14 Oct 1925 -  4 Mar 1929  Dwight Filley Davis                (b. 1879 - d. 1945)
 6 Mar 1929 - 18 Nov 1929  James William Good                 (b. 1866 - d. 1929)
 9 Dec 1929 -  4 Mar 1933  Patrick Jay Hurley                 (b. 1883 - d. 1963)
 4 Mar 1933 - 27 Aug 1936  George Henry Dern                  (b. 1862 - d. 1936)
25 Sep 1936 - 20 Jun 1940  Harry H. Woodring                  (b. 1890 - d. 1967)
10 Jul 1940 - 21 Sep 1945  Henry Lewis Stimson (2nd time)     (s.a.)
27 Sep 1945 - 18 Jul 1947  Robert Porter Patterson            (b. 1891 - d. 1952)
19 Jul 1947 - 18 Sep 1947  Kenneth Claiborne Royall           (b. 1894 - d. 1971)
Secretaries of the Army
18 Sep 1947 - 20 Jun 1949  Kenneth Claiborne Royall           (s.a.)
20 Jun 1949 - 12 Apr 1950  Gordon Gray                        (b. 1909 - d. 1982)
12 Apr 1950 - 20 Jan 1953  Frank Pace, Jr.                    (b. 1912 - d. 1988)
 4 Feb 1953 - 21 Jul 1955  Robert TenBroek Stevens            (b. 1899 - d. 1983)
21 Jul 1955 - 19 Jan 1961  Wilber Marion Brucker              (b. 1894 - d. 1968)
24 Jan 1961 - 30 Jun 1962  Elvis Jacob Stahr, Jr.             (b. 1916 - d. 1998)
 5 Jul 1962 - 21 Jan 1964  Cyrus Roberts Vance                (b. 1917 - d. 2002)
28 Jan 1964 -  1 Jul 1965  Stephen Ailes                      (b. 1912 - d. 2001)
 2 Jul 1965 - 30 Jun 1971  Stanley R. Resor                   (b. 1917)
 1 Jul 1971 - 14 May 1973  Robert F. Froehlke                 (b. 1922)
15 May 1973 -  3 Jul 1975  Howard H. Callaway                 (b. 1927)
 5 Aug 1975 - 20 Jan 1977  Martin R. Hoffmann                 (b. 1932)
14 Feb 1977 - 20 Jan 1981  Clifford L. Alexander, Jr.         (b. 1933)
21 Jan 1981 - 13 Aug 1989  John O. Marsh, Jr.                 (b. 1926)
14 Aug 1989 - 20 Jan 1993  Michael P.W. Stone                 (b. 1925 - d. 1995)
22 Nov 1993 -  2 Dec 1997  Togo D. West, Jr.                  (b. 1942)
 2 Dec 1997 -  2 Jul 1998  Robert M. Walker (acting)          (b. 1949)
 2 Jul 1998 - 20 Jan 2001  Louis Caldera                      (b. 1956)
20 Jan 2001 -  5 Mar 2001  Gregory R. Dahlberg (acting)
 5 Mar 2001 - 31 May 2001  Joseph W. Westphal (acting)
31 May 2001 -  9 May 2003  Thomas E. White                    (b. 1943)
 9 May 2003 - 19 Nov 2004  Les Brownlee (acting)              (b. 1939?)
19 Nov 2004 -  9 Mar 2007  Francis J. Harvey                  (b. 1944)
 9 Mar 2007 -              Preston "Pete" M. Geren            (b. 1952)
                             (acting to 16 Jul 2007)

        Army Chief of Staff Flag

19 Jun 1775                Post of Commanding General was created by the 
                             Continental Congress.
 9 Aug 1903                Post replaced by that of Chief of Staff of the Army.

Continental Army General and Commander in Chief
15 Jun 1775 - 23 Dec 1783  George Washington                  (b. 1732 - d. 1799)
Senior Officers
23 Dec 1783 - 20 Jun 1784  Henry Knox                         (b. 1750 - d. 1806)
20 Jun 1784 - 12 Aug 1784  John Doughty                       (b. 1754 - d. 1826) 
12 Aug 1784 -  4 Mar 1791  Josiah Harmar                      (b. 1753 - d. 1813)
 4 Mar 1791 -  5 Mar 1792  Arthur St. Clair                   (b. 1763 - d. 1818)
 5 Mar 1792 - 13 Apr 1792  .... (acting)
13 Apr 1792 - 15 Dec 1796  Anthony Wayne                      (b. 1745 - d. 1786)
15 Dec 1796 - 13 Jul 1798  James Wilkinson (1st time)         (b. 1757 - d. 1825)
13 Jul 1798 - 14 Dec 1799  George Washington                  (s.a.)
14 Dec 1799 - 15 Jun 1800  Alexander Hamilton                 (b. 1757 - d. 1804)
15 Jun 1800 - 27 Jan 1812  James Wilkinson (2nd time)         (s.a.)
27 Jan 1812 - 15 Jun 1815  Henry Dearborn                     (b. 1751 - d. 1829)
15 Jun 1815 -  1 Jun 1821  Jacob Jennings Brown               (b. 1775 - d. 1828)
Commanding Generals of the Army
 1 Jun 1821 - 24 Feb 1828  Jacob Jennings Brown               (s.a.) 
24 Feb 1828 - 29 May 1828  .... (acting)
29 May 1828 - 25 Jun 1841  Alexander Macomb                   (b. 1782 - d. 1841)
25 Jun 1841 -  5 Jul 1841  .... (acting)
 5 Jul 1841 -  1 Nov 1861  Winfield Scott                     (b. 1786 - d. 1866)
 1 Nov 1861 - 11 Mar 1862  George Brinton McClellan           (b. 1826 - d. 1885)
23 Jul 1862 -  9 Mar 1864  Henry Wagner Halleck               (b. 1815 - d. 1872)
 9 Mar 1864 -  4 Mar 1869  Ulysses S. Grant                   (b. 1822 - d. 1885)
 8 Mar 1869 -  1 Nov 1883  William Tecumseh Sherman           (b. 1820 - d. 1891)
 1 Nov 1883 -  5 Aug 1888  Philip Henry Sheridan              (b. 1831 - d. 1888)
 5 Aug 1888 - 14 Aug 1888  .... (acting)
14 Aug 1888 - 29 Sep 1895  John McAllister Schofield          (b. 1831 - d. 1906)
29 Sep 1895 -  5 Oct 1895  .... (acting)
 5 Oct 1895 -  8 Aug 1903  Nelson Appleton Miles              (b. 1839 - d. 1925)
 8 Aug 1903 - 15 Aug 1903  .... (acting)
Army Chiefs of Staff
15 Aug 1903 -  8 Jan 1904  Samuel Baldwin Marks Young         (b. 1840 - d. 1924)
 9 Jan 1904 - 14 Jan 1906  Adna Romanza Chaffee               (b. 1842 - d. 1914)
15 Jan 1906 - 13 Apr 1906  John Coalter Bates                 (b. 1842 - d. 1919)
14 Apr 1906 - 21 Apr 1910  James Franklin Bell                (b. 1856 - d. 1919)
22 Apr 1910 - 20 Apr 1914  Leonard Wood                       (b. 1860 - d. 1927)
21 Apr 1914 - 15 Nov 1914  William Wallace Wotherspoon        (b. 1850 - d. 1921)
16 Nov 1914 - 21 Sep 1917  Hugh Lenox Scott                   (b. 1853 - d. 1934)
22 Sep 1917 - 18 May 1918  Tasker Howard Bliss                (b. 1853 - d. 1930)
19 May 1918 - 30 Jun 1921  Peyton Conway March                (b. 1864 - d. 1955)
 1 Jul 1921 - 13 Sep 1924  John Joseph Pershing               (b. 1860 - d. 1948)
14 Sep 1924 - 20 Nov 1926  John Leonard Hines                 (b. 1868 - d. 1968)
21 Nov 1926 - 20 Nov 1930  Charles Pelot Summerall            (b. 1867 - d. 1955)
21 Nov 1930 -  1 Oct 1935  Douglas MacArthur                  (b. 1880 - d. 1964)
 2 Oct 1935 - 31 Aug 1939  Malin Craig                        (b. 1875 - d. 1945)
 1 Sep 1939 - 18 Nov 1945  George Catlett Marshall            (b. 1880 - d. 1959)
19 Nov 1945 -  7 Feb 1948  Dwight David Eisenhower            (b. 1890 - d. 1969)
 7 Feb 1948 - 16 Aug 1949  Omar Nelson Bradley                (b. 1893 - d. 1981)
16 Aug 1949 - 15 Aug 1953  Joseph Lawton Collins              (b. 1896 - d. 1987)
16 Aug 1953 - 30 Jun 1955  Matthew Bunker Ridgway             (b. 1895 - d. 1993)
30 Jun 1955 - 30 Jun 1959  Maxwell Davenport Taylor           (b. 1901 - d. 1987)
 1 Jul 1959 - 30 Sep 1960  Lyman Louis Lemnitzer              (b. 1899 - d. 1988)
 1 Oct 1960 - 30 Sep 1962  George Henry Decker                (b. 1902 - d. 1980)
 1 Oct 1962 -  2 Jul 1964  Earle Gilmore Wheeler              (b. 1908 - d. 1975)
 3 Jul 1964 -  2 Jul 1968  Harold Keith Johnson               (b. 1912 - d. 1983)
 3 Jul 1968 - 30 Jun 1972  William Childs Westmoreland        (b. 1914 - d. 2005)
 1 Jul 1972 - 11 Oct 1972  Bruce Palmer, Jr. (acting)         (b. 1913 - d. 2000)
12 Oct 1972 -  4 Sep 1974  Creighton William Abrams, Jr.      (b. 1914 - d. 1974)
 4 Sep 1974 -  3 Oct 1974  .... (acting)
 3 Oct 1974 - 30 Sep 1976  Frederick Carlton Weyand           (b. 1916)
 1 Oct 1976 - 21 Jun 1979  Bernard William Rogers             (b. 1921)
22 Jun 1979 - 21 Jun 1983  Edward Charles Meyer               (b. 1928)
23 Jun 1983 - 23 Jun 1987  John Adams Wickham, Jr.            (b. 1928)
23 Jun 1987 - 21 Jun 1991  Carl Edward Vuono                  (b. 1934)
21 Jun 1991 - 20 Jun 1995  Gordon Russel Sullivan             (b. 1937)
20 Jun 1995 - 22 Jun 1999  Dennis Joe Reimer                  (b. 1939)
22 Jun 1999 - 11 Jun 2003  Eric Ken Shinseki                  (b. 1942)
11 Jun 2003 -  1 Aug 2003  John M. Keane (acting)             (b. 1943)
 1 Aug 2003 - 10 Apr 2007  Peter J. Schoomaker                (b. 1946)
10 Apr 2007 -              George William Casey, Jr.          (b. 1948)

Army Corps of Engineers

            Adopted 6 Apr 1897

U.S.  Army Corps of Engineers

16 Jun 1775                Post of Chief Engineer of the Continental Army
                             created.
11 Mar 1779                Continental Army Corps of Engineers formed.
26 Feb 1783                Disbanded.
 9 May 1794                Corps of Artillerists and Engineers
16 Mar 1802                Army Corps of Engineers re-established.
 1 Aug 1818                Separate Topographical Bureau of the War Department.
 7 Jul 1838                Separate Corps of Topographical Engineers.
 3 Mar 1863                Both fully integrated into the Corps of Engineers.

Chief Engineers of the Continental Army
17 Jun 1775 -  5 Aug 1776  Richard Gridley                    (b. 1710 - d. 1796)
 5 Aug 1776 -  1 Dec 1776  Rufus Putnam                       (b. 1738 - d. 1824)
22 Jul 1777 - 10 Oct 1783  Louis Lebègue Duportail            (b. 1743 - d. 1802)
10 Oct 1783 - 26 Feb 1795  Post Abolished
Commandants of the Corps of Artillerists and Engineers
26 Feb 1795 -  7 May 1798  Stephen Rochefontaine              (b. 1755 - d. 1814) 
 7 May 1798 -  1 Apr 1802  Henry Burbeck                      (b. 1754 - d. 1848)
Chief Engineers
 1 Apr 1802 - 31 Jul 1812  Jonathan Williams                  (b. 1750 - d. 1815)
31 Jul 1812 - 12 Nov 1818  Joseph Gardner Swift               (b. 1783 - d. 1865)
12 Nov 1818 -  1 Jun 1821  Walker Keith Armistead             (b. 1785 - d. 1845)
 1 Jun 1821 - 24 May 1828  Alexander Macomb                   (b. 1782 - d. 1841)
24 May 1828 -  6 Dec 1838  Charles Gratiot                    (b. 1786 - d. 1855)
 7 Dec 1838 - 22 Apr 1864  Joseph Gilbert Totten              (b. 1788 - d. 1864)
Chiefs of the Topographical Bureau
 1 Aug 1818 - 15 Jan 1829  Issac Roberdeau                    (b. 1763 - d. 1829)
31 Jan 1829 - 11 Apr 1861  John James Abert                   (b. 1788 - d. 1863)
11 Apr 1861 -  9 Sep 1861  Hartman Bache 
 9 Sep 1861 -  5 Dec 1862  Stephen H. Long                    (b. 1784 - d. 1864)
 5 Dec 1862 -  3 Mar 1863  I.C. Woodruff
Chiefs of the Corps of Topographical Engineers
 7 Jul 1838 -  9 Sep 1861  John James Abert                   (s.a.)
11 Apr 1861 - 11 Dec 1861  Hartman Bache 
12 Dec 1861 -  3 Mar 1863  Stephen H. Long                    (s.a.)
Chief Engineers
22 Apr 1864 -  8 Aug 1866  Richard Delafield                  (b. 1798 - d. 1873)
 8 Aug 1866 - 30 Jun 1879  Andrew Atkinson Humphreys          (b. 1810 - d. 1883)
30 Jun 1879 -  6 Mar 1884  Horation Gouverneur Wright         (b. 1820 - d. 1899)
 6 Mar 1884 - 27 Aug 1886  John Newton                        (b. 1823 - d. 1899)
11 Oct 1886 - 30 Jun 1888  James Catham Duane                 (b. 1824 - d. 1897)
 6 Jul 1888 - 10 May 1895  Thomas Lincoln Casey               (b. 1831 - d. 1896)
10 May 1895 -  1 Feb 1897  William Price Craighill            (b. 1833 - d. 1906)
 1 Feb 1897 - 30 Apr 1901  John Moulder Wilson                (b. 1837 - d. 1919)
30 Apr 1901 -  2 May 1901  Henry Martyn Robert                (b. 1837 - d. 1923)
 2 May 1901 -  3 May 1901  John Whitney Barlow                (b. 1838 - d. 1914)
 3 May 1901 - 22 Jan 1904  George Lewis Gillespie, Jr.        (b. 1841 - d. 1913)
23 Jan 1904 - 25 May 1908  Alexander Mackenzie                (b. 1844 - d. 1921)
 2 Jul 1908 - 11 Jun 1910  William Louis Marshall             (b. 1846 - d. 1920)
12 Jun 1910 - 11 Aug 1913  William Herbert Bixby              (b. 1849 - d. 1928)
12 Aug 1913 - 11 Oct 1913  William Trent Rossell              (b. 1849 - d. 1919)
12 Oct 1913 -  6 Mar 1916  Dan Christie Kingman               (b. 1852 - d. 1916)
 7 Mar 1916 - 31 Oct 1919  William Murray Black               (b. 1855 - d. 1933)
10 Feb 1920 - 18 Jun 1924  Lansing Hoskins Beach              (b. 1860 - d. 1945)
19 Jun 1924 - 26 Jun 1926  Harry Taylor                       (b. 1862 - d. 1930)
27 Jun 1926 -  6 Aug 1929  Edgar Jadwin                       (b. 1865 - d. 1931)
 1 Oct 1929 -  1 Oct 1933  Lytle Brown                        (b. 1872 - d. 1951)
 1 Oct 1933 - 18 Oct 1937  Edward Murphy Markham              (b. 1877 - d. 1950)
18 Oct 1937 -  1 Oct 1941  Julian Larcombe Schley             (b. 1880 - d. 1965)
 1 Oct 1941 - 30 Sep 1945  Eugene Reybold                     (b. 1884 - d. 1961)
 4 Oct 1945 - 28 Feb 1949  Raymond A. Wheeler                 (b. 1885 - d. 1974)
 1 Mar 1949 - 26 Jan 1953  Lewis A. Pick                      (b. 1880 - d. 1956)
17 Mar 1953 - 30 Sep 1956  Samuel D. Sturgis, Jr.             (b. 1897 - d. 1964)
 1 Oct 1956 - 27 Mar 1961  Emerson C. Itschner                (b. 1903 - d. 1995)
19 May 1961 -  1 Jul 1965  Walter K. Wilson, Jr.              (b. 1906 - d. 1985)
 1 Jul 1965 - 31 Jul 1969  William F. Cassidy                 (b. 1908 - d. 2002)
 1 Aug 1969 - 31 Jul 1973  Frederick J. Clarke                (b. 1915 - d. 2002)
 1 Aug 1973 - 30 Jun 1976  William C. Gribble, Jr.            (b. 1917 - d. 1979)
 1 Jul 1976 - 30 Sep 1980  John W. Morris                     (b. 1921)
 1 Oct 1980 - 14 Sep 1984  Joseph K. Bratton                  (b. 1926)
14 Sep 1984 - 31 May 1988  Elvin R. Heiberg III               (b. 1932)
17 Jun 1988 -  4 Jun 1992  Henry J. Hatch                     (b. 1935)
24 Aug 1992 - 30 Jun 1996  Arthur E. Williams                 (b. 1938)
 1 Oct 1996 -  2 Aug 2000  Joe N. Ballard                     (b. 1942)
23 Oct 2000 -  1 Jul 2004  Robert B. Flowers
 1 Jul 2004 - 17 May 2007  Carl A. Strock
17 May 2007 -              Robert L. Van Antwerp, Jr.

Women's Army Corps (WAC)

15 May 1942                Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC).
 1 Jul 1943                Women's Army Corps (WAC).
28 Apr 1978                Abolished; women integrated into regular Army.

Directors
16 May 1942 - 11 Jul 1945  Oveta Culp Hobby (f)               (b. 1905 - d. 1995)
12 Jul 1945 -  4 Mar 1947  Westray Battle Boyce (f)           (b. 1901 - d. 1972)
 5 Mar 1947 -  2 Jan 1953  Mary A. Hallaren (f)               (b. 1907 - d. 2005)
                             (acting to 6 May 1947)
 3 Jan 1953 -  2 Jan 1957  Irene Otillia Galloway (f)         (b. 1908 - d. 1963)
 3 Jan 1957 - 31 Jul 1962  Mary Louise Milligan Rasmuson (f)  (b. 1911?) 
 1 Aug 1962 - 31 Jul 1966  Emily C. Gorman (f)
 1 Aug 1966 - 31 Jul 1971  Elizabeth P. Hoisington (f)        (b. 1918 - d. 2007)
 1 Aug 1971 - 31 Jul 1975  Mildred Inez Caroon Bailey (f)
 1 Aug 1975 - 28 Apr 1978  Mary Elizabeth Clarke (f)          (b. 1924)

1867 - 24 Apr 1959

Adopted 24 Apr 1959

U.S. Navy

13 Oct 1775                Continental Navy founded (subordinated to Continental Army).
 3 Jun 1785                Disbanded.
 1 Aug 1785                Last Continental Naval vessel (frigate Alliance) sold.
30 Apr 1798                Navy Department established.
18 Sep 1947                Made a branch of the Department of Defense.

Chairman of the Marine Committee
13 Oct 1775 - 1779         John Adams                         (b. 1735 - d. 1826)
Chairman of the Continental Board of Admiralty
Dec 1779 - 1780            Francis Lewis                      (b. 1713 - d. 1802)
Agent of Marine (Superintendent of Finance)
(post of Secretary of Marine created 7 Feb 1781 but remained vacant)
29 Aug 1781 - 1784         Robert Morris                      (b. 1734 - d. 1806)
 3 Jun 1785 -  3 May 1798  Post abolished
Secretaries
 3 May 1798 - 18 Jun 1798  George Cabot                       (b. 1752 - d. 1823)
18 Jun 1798 - 31 Mar 1801  Benjamin Stoddert                  (b. 1751 - d. 1813)
27 Jul 1801 -  4 Mar 1809  Robert Smith                       (b. 1757 - d. 1842)
15 May 1809 - 31 Dec 1812  Paul Hamilton                      (b. 1762 - d. 1816)
12 Jan 1813 -  1 Dec 1814  William Jones                      (b. 1760 - d. 1831)
16 Jan 1815 - 30 Sep 1818  Benjamin William Crowninshield     (b. 1772 - d. 1851)
 1 Jan 1819 - 31 Aug 1823  Smith Thompson                     (b. 1768 - d. 1843)
16 Sep 1823 -  4 Mar 1829  Samuel L. Southard                 (b. 1787 - d. 1842)
 9 Mar 1829 - 12 May 1831  John Branch                        (b. 1782 - d. 1863)
23 May 1823 - 30 Jun 1834  Levi Woodbury                      (b. 1789 - d. 1851)
 1 Jul 1834 - 24 Jun 1838  Mahlon Dickerson                   (b. 1770 - d. 1853)
 1 Jul 1838 -  4 Mar 1841  James Kirke Paulding               (b. 1778 - d. 1860)
 6 Mar 1841 - 11 Sep 1841  George Edmund Badger               (b. 1795 - d. 1866)
11 Oct 1841 - 23 Jul 1843  Abel Parker Upshur                 (b. 1790 - d. 1844)
24 Jul 1843 - 18 Feb 1844  David Henshaw                      (b. 1791 - d. 1852)
19 Feb 1844 - 28 Feb 1844  Thomas Walker Gilmer               (b. 1802 - d. 1844)
26 Mar 1844 -  4 Mar 1845  John Young Mason (1st time)        (b. 1799 - d. 1859)
11 Mar 1845 -  9 Sep 1846  George Bancroft                    (b. 1800 - d. 1891)
10 Sep 1846 -  4 Mar 1849  John Young Mason (2nd time)        (s.a.)
 8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850  William Ballard Preston            (b. 1805 - d. 1862)
 2 Aug 1850 - 25 Jul 1852  William Alexandr Graham            (b. 1804 - d. 1875)
26 Jul 1852 -  4 Mar 1853  John Pendelton Kennedy             (b. 1795 - d. 1870)
 8 Mar 1853 -  4 Mar 1857  James Cochrane Dobbin              (b. 1804 - d. 1857)
 1 Jun 1853 - 15 Jun 1853  Jefferson Davis (acting for Dobbin)(b. 1808 - d. 1889)
 7 Mar 1857 -  4 Mar 1861  Isaac Toucey                       (b. 1796 - d. 1869)
 7 Mar 1861 -  4 Mar 1869  Gideon Welles                      (b. 1802 - d. 1878)
 9 Mar 1869 - 25 Jun 1869  Adolph Edward Borie                (b. 1809 - d. 1880)
26 Jun 1869 -  4 Mar 1877  George Maxwell Robeson             (b. 1829 - d. 1897)
13 Mar 1877 - 20 Dec 1880  Richard Wigginton Thompson         (b. 1823 - d. 1900)
 7 Jan 1881 -  4 Mar 1881  Nathan Goff, Jr.                   (b. 1843 - d. 1920)
 7 Mar 1881 - 16 Apr 1882  William Henry Hunt                 (b. 1823 - d. 1884)
12 Apr 1882 -  4 Mar 1885  William Eaton Chandler             (b. 1835 - d. 1917)
 7 Mar 1885 -  4 Mar 1889  William Colins Whitney             (b. 1841 - d. 1904)
 6 M