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![[1st flag of the Vice President 1936-48]](us-vp1.gif)
7 Feb 1936 - 10 Nov 1948
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![[2nd flag of the Vice President 1948-75]](us-vp2.gif)
10 Nov 1948 - 7 Oct 1975
|
![[flag of the Vice President of the United States]](us-vp3.gif)
Adopted 7 Oct 1975 |
White House website
Vice Presidents¹
21
Apr 1789 - 4 Mar
1797 John Adams
(b. 1735 - d. 1826)
Fed
4
Mar 1797 - 4 Mar 1801 Thomas
Jefferson
(b. 1743 - d. 1826) D-R
4
Mar 1801 - 4 Mar 1805
Aaron Burr
(b. 1756 - d. 1836)
D-R
4
Mar 1805 - 20 Apr 1812 George
Clinton
(b. 1739 - d. 1812) D-R
20 Apr 1812 - 4 Mar 1813 Vacant
4
Mar 1813 - 23 Nov 1814 Elbridge
Gerry
(b. 1744 - d. 1814) D-R
4 Mar 1817 -
4 Mar 1825 Daniel D. Tompkins
(b. 1744 - d. 1825) D-R
4 Mar 1825 -
28 Dec 1832 John Caldwell Calhoun
(b. 1782 - d. 1850) Dem
28 Dec 1832 - 4 Mar 1833 Vacant
4
Mar 1833 - 4 Mar 1837 Martin van
Buren
(b. 1782 - d. 1862) Dem
4 Mar 1837 -
4 Mar 1841 Richard Mentor Johnson
(b. 1780 - d. 1850) Dem
4
Mar 1841 - 4 Apr
1841 John Tyler
(b. 1790 - d. 1862)
Whg
4 Apr 1841 - 4 Mar 1845 Vacant
4
Mar 1845 - 4 Mar 1849 George Mifflin Dallas
(b. 1792 - d. 1864) Dem
4
Mar 1849 - 9 Jul 1850 Millard
Fillmore
(b. 1800 - d. 1874) Whg
9 Jul 1850 - 4 Mar 1853 Vacant
4 Mar 1853 - 18 Apr 1853 William Rufus de Vane King
(b. 1786 - d. 1853) Dem
18 Apr 1853 - 4 Mar 1857 Vacant
4 Mar 1857 - 4 Mar 1861 John Cabell Breckinridge
(b. 1821 - d. 1875) Dem
4
Mar 1861 - 4 Mar 1865 Hannibal
Hamlin
(b. 1809 - d. 1891) Rep
4
Mar 1865 - 15 Apr 1865 Andrew
Johnson
(b. 1808 - d. 1875) Dem
15 Apr 1865 - 4 Mar 1869 Vacant
4
Mar 1869 - 4 Mar 1873 Schuyler
Colfax
(b. 1823 - d. 1885) Rep
4
Mar 1873 - 22 Nov 1875
Henry Wilson
(b. 1812 - d. 1875)
Rep
22 Nov 1875 - 4 Mar 1877 Vacant
4
Mar 1877 - 4 Mar 1881 William Almon Wheeler
(b. 1819 - d. 1887) Rep
4 Mar 1881 -
19 Sep 1881 Chester Allen Arthur
(b. 1830 - d. 1886) Rep
19 Sep 1881 - 4 Mar 1885 Vacant
4 Mar 1885 - 4 Mar 1889 Thomas Andews Hendricks
(b. 1819 - d. 1885) Dem
4
Mar 1889 - 4 Mar 1893 Levi Parsons
Morton
(b. 1824 - d. 1920) Rep
4 Mar 1893 -
4 Mar 1897 Adlai Ewing Stevenson
(b. 1835 - d. 1914) Dem
4 Mar 1897 - 21 Nov 1899 Garret Augustus Hobart
(b. 1844 - d. 1899) Rep
21 Nov 1899 - 4 Mar 1901 Vacant
4
Mar 1901 - 14 Sep 1901 Theodore
Roosevelt
(b. 1858 - d. 1919) Rep
14 Sep 1901 - 4 Mar 1905 Vacant
4 Mar 1905 - 4 Mar 1909 Charles Warren Fairbanks
(b. 1852 - d. 1918) Rep
4 Mar 1909 - 30 Oct 1912 James Schoolcraft Sherman
(b. 1855 - d. 1912) Rep
30 Oct 1912 - 4 Mar 1913 Vacant
4
Mar 1913 - 4 Mar 1921 Thomas Riley Marshall
(b. 1854 - d. 1925) Dem
4
Mar 1921 - 2 Aug 1923 Calvin
Coolidge
(b. 1872 - d. 1933) Rep
2 Aug 1923 - 4 Mar 1925 Vacant
4
Mar 1925 - 4 Mar 1929 Charles Gates
Dawes
(b. 1865 - d. 1951) Rep
4
Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Charles
Curtis
(b. 1860 - d. 1936) Rep
4 Mar 1933 - 20
Jan 1941 John Nance Garner
(b. 1868 - d. 1967) Dem
20 Jan 1941 - 20 Jan
1945 Henry Agard Wallace
(b. 1888 - d. 1965) Dem
20
Jan 1945 - 12 Apr 1945 Harry S.
Truman
(b. 1884 - d. 1972) Dem
12 Apr 1945 - 20 Jan 1949 Vacant
20 Jan 1949 - 20 Jan 1953 Alban William Barkley
(b. 1877 - d. 1956) Dem
21 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961 Richard Milhous Nixon
(b. 1913 - d. 1994) Rep
20 Jan 1961 - 22 Nov 1963 Lyndon Baines Johnson
(b. 1908 - d. 1973) Dem
22 Nov 1963 - 20 Jan 1965 Vacant
20 Jan 1965 - 20 Jan 1969 Hubert Horatio Humphrey
(b. 1911 - d. 1978) Dem
20
Jan 1969 - 10 Oct 1973 Spiro Theodore Agnew
(b. 1918 - d. 1996) Rep
10 Oct 1973 - 6 Dec 1973 Vacant
6
Dec 1973 - 9 Aug 1974 Gerald Rudolph
Ford
(b. 1913 - d. 2006) Rep
9 Aug 1974 - 19 Dec 1974 Vacant
19 Dec 1974 - 20 Jan 1977 Nelson Aldrich Rockerfeller
(b. 1908 - d. 1979) Rep
20 Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale
(b. 1928)
Dem
20 Jan 1981 - 20 Jan 1989 George Herbert Walker Bush
(b. 1924)
Rep
20 Jan 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Danforth "Dan" James Quayle
(b. 1947)
Rep
20 Jan 1993 - 20 Jan 2001 Albert "Al" Gore, Jr.
(b. 1948)
Dem
20
Jan 2001 - 20 Jan 2009 Richard "Dick" Bruce Cheney (b.
1941)
Rep
20 Jan 2009 - Joseph "Joe"
R. Biden, Jr. (b. 1942)
Dem
¹The Vice Presidents formally serve as presidents
of the Senate, but rarely
presides over routine day-to-day debate. Until 1890, the Senate
elected a President
Pro Tempore whenever the Vice President was not in attendance.
When the Vice President returned, the President "Pro Tem" lost his place,
and when the Vice President was
again absent, the Senate again elected a President Pro Tempore. By the standing
order
agreed to on 12 Mar 1890, the Senate declared that the President
Pro Tempore shall hold
office during "the pleasure of the Senate and until another is
elected, and shall execute
the duties thereof during all future absences of the Vice President
until the Senate
does otherwise order."
Party abbreviations: Dem = Democratic Party (liberal,
formerly D-R); Rep = Republican Party (conservative [est.1854 as
anti-slavery]);
- Former parties: D-R = Democratic-Republican
Party (pro-states rights, anti-Federalist, 1794-1829, renamed Dem); Fed
= Federalist Party (conservative, pro-Federal power, 1780's-1815); Whg
= Whig Party (pro-federal govt., anti-Jacksonian, 1834-1854/60)
Department of State
![[Department of State flag]](us_state.GIF)
Adotped 21 Jan 1933
10 Jul 1781
Department of Foreign Affairs
15 Sep 1789
Department of State
Secretaries
20 Oct 1781 - Jun 1783 Robert B. Livingston
(b. 1746 - d. 1813)
7
May 1784 - 22 Mar 1790 John
Jay
(b. 1745 - d. 1829)
(acting from 4 Mar 1789)
22 Mar 1790 - 31 Dec 1793 Thomas Jefferson
(b. 1743 - d. 1826)
2 Jan 1794 - 20 Aug 1795 Edmund Randolph
(b. 1753 - d. 1813)
20 Aug 1795 - 12 May 1800 Timothy Pickering
(b. 1745 - d. 1829)
(acting to 9 Dec 1795)
13 May 1800 - 5 Jun 1800 Charles Lee (acting)
(b. 1785 - d. 1815)
6
Jun 1800 - 4 Mar 1801 John
Marshall
(b. 1755 - d. 1835)
(acting from 4 Feb 1801)
5 Mar 1801 - 1 May 1801 Levi Lincoln (acting)
(b. 1749 - d. 1820)
2
May 1801 - 3 Mar 1809 James
Madison
(b. 1751 - d. 1836)
6 Mar 1809 - 1 Apr
1811 Robert Smith
(b. 1757 - d. 1842)
2 Apr 1811 - 3 Mar
1817 James Monroe
(b. 1758 - d. 1831)
(acting 1 Oct 1814 - 28
Feb 1815)
4 Mar 1817 - 9 Mar 1817 John Graham (acting)
10 Mar 1817 - 22 Sep 1817 Richard Rush (acting)
(b. 1780 - d. 1859)
22 Sep 1817 - 3 Mar 1825 John Quincy Adams
(b. 1767 - d. 1848)
4 Mar 1825 - 7 Mar 1825 Daniel Brent (acting)
7
Mar 1825 - 3 Mar 1829 Henry
Clay
(b. 1777 - d. 1852)
4 Mar 1829 - 27 Mar 1829 James A. Hamilton (acting)
28 Mar 1829 - 23 May 1831 Martin Van Buren
(b. 1782 - d. 1862)
24 May 1831 - 28 May 1833 Edward Livingstone
(b. 1764 - d. 1836)
29
May 1833 - 30 Jun 1834 Louis
McLane
(b. 1786 - d. 1857)
1 Jul 1834 - 3 Mar
1841 John Forsyth
(b. 1780 - d. 1841)
4 Mar 1841 - 5 Mar 1841 Jacob L. Martin (acting)
(d. 1848)
6 Mar 1841 - 8 May 1843 Daniel Webster (1st
time) (b. 1782 - d. 1852)
9 May 1843 - 20 Jun 1843 Hugh Swinton Legaré
(b. 1797 - d. 1843)
21 Jun 1843 - 23 Jun 1843 William S. Derrick (acting) (b.
1802 - d. 1852)
24 Jun 1843 - 28 Feb 1844 Abel Parker Upshur
(b. 1790 - d. 1844)
(acting to 23 Jul 1843)
29 Feb 1844 - 31 Mar 1844 John Nelson (acting)
(b. 1794 - d. 1860)
1 Apr 1844 - 10 Mar 1845 John Caldwell Calhoun
(b. 1782 - d. 1850)
10
Mar 1845 - 7 Mar 1849 James Buchanan
(b. 1791 - d. 1868)
8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850 John Middleton Clayton
(b. 1796 - d. 1856)
23 Jul 1850 - 24 Oct 1852 Daniel Webster (2nd time)
(s.a.)
25 Oct 1852 - 5 Nov 1852 Charles M. Conrad (acting)
(b. 1804 - d. 1878)
6
Nov 1852 - 3 Mar 1853 Edward Everett
(b. 1795 - d. 1865)
4 Mar 1853 - 7 Mar 1853 William Hunter (acting)
(b. 1805 - d. 1886)
(1st time)
8 Mar 1853 - 3 Mar 1857 William Learned Marcy
(b. 1786 - d. 1857)
6
Mar 1857 - 14 Dec 1860 Lewis
Cass
(b. 1782 - d. 1866)
15 Dec 1860 - 16 Dec 1860 William Hunter (acting)
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
17 Dec 1860 - 5 Mar 1861 Jeremiah Sullivan Black
(b. 1810 - d. 1883)
6 Mar 1861 - 4 Mar 1869 William Henry Seward
(b. 1801 - d. 1872)
5 Mar 1869 - 16 Mar 1869 Elihu Benjamin Washburne
(b. 1816 - d. 1887)
17
Mar 1869 - 12 Mar 1877 Hamilton Fish
(b. 1808 - d. 1893)
12 Mar 1877 - 7 Mar 1881 William Maxwell Evarts
(b. 1818 - d. 1901)
7 Mar 1881 - 19 Dec 1881 James Gillespie Blaine
(b. 1830 - d. 1893)
(1st time)
19 Dec 1881 - 6 Mar 1885 Frederick Theodore
(b. 1817 - d. 1885)
Frelinghuysen
7 Mar 1885 - 6 Mar 1889 Thomas Francis Bayard
(b. 1828 - d. 1898)
7 Mar 1889 - 4 Jun 1892 James Gillespie Blaine
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
4 Jun 1892 - 29 Jun 1892 William F. Wharton
(b. 1847 - d. 1919)
(1st time) (acting)
29 Jun 1892 - 23 Feb 1893 John Watson Foster
(b. 1836 - d. 1917)
24 Feb 1893 - 6 Mar 1893 William F. Warton
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
7 Mar 1893 - 28 May 1895 Walter Quintin Gresham
(b. 1832 - d. 1895)
28 May 1895 - 9 Jun 1895 Edwin F. Uhl (acting)
(b. 1841 - d. 1901)
10
Jun 1895 - 5 Mar 1897 Richard
Olney
(b. 1835 - d. 1917)
6 Mar 1897 - 27 Apr 1898
John Sherman
(b. 1823 - d. 1900)
28 Apr 1898 - 16 Sep 1898 William Rufus Day
(b. 1849 - d. 1923)
17 Sep 1898 - 29 Sep 1898 Alvey A. Adee (acting)
(b. 1842 - d. 1924)
30 Sep 1898 - 1 Jul 1905 John Milton Hay
(b. 1849 - d. 1923)
1 Jul 1905 - 18 Jul 1905 Francis B. Loomis (acting)
(b. 1861 - d. 1948)
18
Jul 1905 - 27 Jan 1909 Elihu
Root
(b. 1845 - d. 1937)
27 Jan 1909 - 5 Mar 1909
Robert Bacon
(b. 1860 - d. 1919)
6 Mar 1909 - 5 Mar 1913 Philander Chase Knox
(b. 1853 - d. 1921)
5 Mar 1913 - 9 Jun 1915 William Jennings Bryan
(b. 1860 - d. 1925)
9
Jun 1915 - 13 Feb 1920 Robert Lansing
(b. 1864 - d. 1928)
(acting to 23 Jun 1915)
14 Feb 1920 - 14 Mar 1920 Frank Lyon Polk (acting)
(b. 1871 - d. 1943)
22 Mar 1920 - 4 Mar 1921 Bainbridge Colby
(b. 1869 - d. 1950)
5 Mar 1921 - 4 Jan 1925 Charles Evans Huges
(b. 1862 - d. 1948)
5 Mar 1925 - 28 Mar 1929 Frank Billings Kellogg
(b. 1856 - d. 1937)
28 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Henry Lewis Stimson
(b. 1867 - d. 1950)
4
Mar 1933 - 30 Nov 1944 Cordell
Hull
(b. 1871 - d. 1955)
1 Dec 1944 - 27 Jun 1945 Edward Reilly Stettinius
(b. 1900 - d. 1949)
28 Jun 1945 - 3 Jul 1945 Joseph C. Grew (acting)
(b. 1880 - d. 1965)
3 Jul 1945 - 21 Jan 1947 James Francis Byrnes
(b. 1879 - d. 1972)
21 Jan 1947 - 20 Jan 1949 George Catlett Marshall
(b. 1880 - d. 1959)
21 Jan 1949 - 20 Jan 1953 Dean Gooderham Acheson
(b. 1893 - d. 1971)
20 Jan 1953 - 21 Jan 1953 H. Freeman Matthews (acting)(b.
1899 - d. 1986)
21 Jan 1953 - 22 Apr 1959 John Foster Dulles
(b. 1888 - d. 1959)
22 Apr 1959 - 20 Jan 1961 Christian Archibald Herter
(b. 1895 - d. 1966)
20 Jan 1961 - 21 Jan 1961 Livingston T. Merchant
(b. 1903 - d. 1976)
(acting)
21 Jan 1961 - 20 Jan 1969 Dean
Rusk
(b. 1909 - d. 1994)
20 Jan 1969 - 22 Jan 1969 Charles E. Bohlen (acting)
(b. 1904 - d. 1974)
22 Jan 1969 - 3 Sep 1973 William Pierce Rogers
(b. 1913 - d. 2001)
3 Sep 1973 - 22 Sep 1973 Kenneth Rush (acting)
(b. 1910 - d. 1994)
22 Sep 1973 - 20 Jan 1977 Henry Alfred Kissinger
(b. 1923)
20 Jan 1977 - 23 Jan 1977 Philip C. Habib (acting)
(b. 1920 - d. 1992)
23 Jan 1977 - 28 Apr 1980 Cyrus Roberts Vance
(b. 1917 - d. 2002)
28 Apr 1980 - 2 May 1980 Warren M. Christopher
(b. 1925)
(1st time) (acting)
2 May 1980 - 3 May 1980 David D. Newsom (acting)
(b. 1918 - d. 2008)
(1st time)
3 May 1980
Richard N. Cooper (acting) (b. 1934)
3 May 1980 - 4 May 1980 David D. Newsom (acting)
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
4 May 1980 - 8 May 1980 Warren M. Christopher
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
8 May 1980 - 18 Jan 1981 Edmund Sixtus Muskie
(b. 1914 - d. 1996)
18 Jan 1981 - 22 Jan 1981 David D. Newsom (acting)
(s.a.)
(3rd time)
22 Jan 1981 - 5 Jul 1982 Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr.
(b. 1924)
5 Jul 1982 - 16 Jul 1982 Walter J. Stoessel, Jr.
(b. 1920 - d. 1986)
(acting)
16 Jul 1982 - 20 Jan 1989 George P. Shultz
(b. 1920)
20 Jan 1989 - 25 Jan 1989 Michael Hayden Armacost
(b. 1937)
(acting)
25 Jan 1989 - 23 Aug 1992 James Addison Baker III
(b. 1930)
23 Aug 1992 - 19 Jan 1993 Lawrence S. Eagleburger
(b. 1930)
(acting to 8 Dec 1992)
20 Jan 1993
Arnold Lee Kantor (acting) (b. 1945)
20 Jan 1993
Frank G. Wisner (acting) (b. 1938)
20 Jan 1993 - 7 Jan 1997 Warren M. Christopher
(s.a.)
(3rd time)
7 Jan 1997 - 23 Jan 1997 Strobe Talbott (acting)
(b. 1946)
23 Jan 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 Madeleine Korbel Albright(f)(b.
1937)
20 Jan 2001 - 26 Jan 2005 Colin Luther Powell
(b. 1937)
26 Jan 2005 - 20 Jan 2009 Condoleezza "Condi" Rice (f)(b. 1954)
20 Jan 2009 - 21 Jan 2009 William J. Burns (acting) (b. 1956)
21 Jan 2009 - Hillary Rodham Clinton (f) (b. 1947)
Defense Department
![[Flag of the Secretary of Defense]](us_ddsc.gif)
Adopted 7 Oct 1947
18 Sep 1947
Department of Defense (originally designated National Military
Establishment), including
the Departments of the Army,
Navy,
and Air Force.
Secretaries of Defense
18
Sep 1947 - 28 Mar 1949 James V.
Forrestal
(b. 1892 - d. 1949)
28 Mar 1949 - 19 Sep 1950
Louis Arthur Johnson
(b. 1891 - d. 1956)
21 Sep 1950 - 12 Sep 1951 George Catlett Marshall
(b. 1880 - d. 1959)
17 Sep 1951 - 20 Jan 1953 Robert Abercrombie Lovett
(b. 1895 - d. 1986)
26
Jan 1953 - 8 Oct 1957 Charles Erwin
Wilson
(b. 1890 - d. 1961)
9
Oct 1957 - 1 Dec 1959 Neil H.
McElroy
(b. 1904 - d. 1972)
2 Dec 1959 - 20 Jan 1961
Thomas Sovereign Gates
(b. 1906 - d. 1983)
21 Jan 1961 - 29 Feb 1968 Robert Strange McNamara
(b. 1916 - d. 2009)
1
Mar 1968 - 20 Jan 1969 Clark McAdams Clifford
(b. 1906 - d. 1998)
22 Jan 1969 - 29 Jan 1973
Melvin Robert Laird
(b. 1922)
30 Jan 1973 - 24 May 1973 Elliot
Lee Richardson
(b. 1920 - d. 1999)
24 May 1973 - 2 Jul 1973 William P. Clements (acting) (b. 1917)
2 Jul 1973 - 19 Nov 1975 James Rodney Schlesinger
(b. 1929)
20 Nov 1975 - 20 Jan 1977 Donald H. Rumsfeld (1st
time) (b. 1932)
21
Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981
Harold Brown
(b. 1927)
21 Jan 1981 - 23 Nov 1987 Caspar
W. Weinberger
(b. 1917 - d. 2006)
23 Nov 1987 - 20 Jan 1989
Frank C. Carlucci
(b. 1930)
20 Jan 1989 - 21 Mar 1989 William Howard Taft IV (acting)
(b. 1945)
21
Mar 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Richard B.
Cheney
(b. 1941)
21 Jan 1993 - 3 Feb 1994 Leslie
"Les" Aspin
(b. 1938 - d. 1995)
3 Feb 1994 - 23 Jan 1997
William J. Perry
(b. 1927)
24 Jan 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 William
S. Cohen
(b. 1940)
20 Jan 2001 - 18 Dec 2006 Donald H. Rumsfeld (2nd time)
(s.a.)
18
Dec 2006
-
Robert M.
Gates
(b. 1943)
![[flag of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff]](cjcs.gif)
16 Aug 1949 Office of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff created.
Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief
20 Jul 1942 - 21 Mar 1949 William Daniel Leahy (Navy)
(b. 1875 - d. 1955)
Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
16 Aug 1949 - 16 Aug 1953 Omar Nelson Bradley (Army)
(b. 1893 - d. 1981)
15 Aug 1953 - 15 Aug 1957 Arthur William Radford (Navy)
(b. 1896 - d. 1973)
15 Aug 1957 - 30 Sep 1960 Nathan Farragut Twining (Air Force)(b.
1897 - d. 1982)
1 Oct 1960 - 30 Sep 1962 Lyman Louis Lemnitzer (Army)
(b. 1899 - d. 1988)
1 Oct 1962 - 1 Jul 1964 Maxwell Davenport Taylor
(Army) (b. 1901 - d. 1987)
3 Jul 1964 - 2 Jul 1970 Earle Gilmore Wheeler
(Army) (d. 1908 - d. 1975)
2 Jul 1970 - 1 Jul 1974 Thomas Hinman Moorer
(Navy) (b. 1912 - d. 2004)
1 Jul 1974 - 20 Jun 1978 George Schratchley Brown
(b. 1918 - d. 1978)
(Air Force)
21 Jun 1978 - 18 Jun 1982 David Charles Jones (Air Force)
(b. 1921)
18 Jun 1983 - 30 Sep 1985 John William Vessey, Jr. (Army)
(b. 1922)
1 Oct 1985 - 30 Sep 1989 William James Crowe, Jr.
(Navy) (b. 1925 - d. 2007)
1 Oct 1989 - 30 Sep 1993 Colin Luther Powell (Army)
(b. 1937)
1 Oct 1993 - 24 Oct 1993 David Elmer Jeremiah (acting)(Navy)(b.
1934)
25 Oct 1993 - 30 Sep 1997 John Malcahsse David Shalikasvilli
(b. 1936)
(Army)
1 Oct 1997 - 30 Sep 2001 Henry H. Shelton (Army)
(b. 1942)
1 Oct 2001 - 30 Sep 2005 Richard B. Myers (Air Force)
(b. 1942)
30 Sep 2005 - 1 Oct 2007 Peter Pace (Marine Corps)
(b. 1945)
1 Oct 2007 - Michael
Mullen (Navy) (b. 1946)
![[National Guard Bureau flag]](us-NatGdBureau.gif)
21
Jan 1903
Section of Militia Affairs within the Adjutant
General's office.
12 Feb 1908
Division of Militia Affairs with the War Department.
3 Jun 1916
Renamed Militia Bureau.
15 Jun 1933
National Guard Bureau
1 Oct 1948
Made a Bureau of the Depart. of the Army
and an Agency of the Dept.
of the Air Force.
10 Jul 1959
Becomes a joint Bureau of the Departments of
the Army and Air Force.
1903 - 13 Feb 1908 James Parker (b. 1854 - d. 1934)
Chiefs of the Division of Militia Affairs
14 Feb 1908 - 14 Mar 1911 Erasmus Morgan Weaver, Jr. (b. 1854 - d. 1920)
15 Mar 1911 - 31 Aug 1912 Robert Kennon Evans (b. 1852 - d. 1926)
1 Sep 1912 - 18 Sep 1916 Albert Leopold Mills (b. 1854 - d. 1916)
Chiefs of the Militia Bureau
26 Oct 1916 - 26 Nov 1917 William Abram Mann (b. 1854 - d. 1934)
26 Nov 1917 - 15 Aug 1918 Jessie McIlvaine Carter
29 Jun 1921 - 28 Jun 1925 George C. Rickards
29 Jun 1925 - 28 Jun 1929 Creed Cheshire Hammond (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
29 Jun 1929 - 30 Sep 1929 Ernest R. Redmond (acting)
1 Oct 1929 - 30 Nov 1931 William G. Everson
1 Dec 1931 - 15 Jun 1933 George E. Leach (b. 1876 - d. 1955)
Chiefs of the National Guard Bureau
15 Jun 1933 - 30 Nov 1935 George E. Leach (s.a.)
1 Dec 1935 - 16 Jan 1936 Harold J. Weiler (acting)
17 Jan 1936 - 30 Jan 1936 John F. Williams (1st time)(acting)
31 Jan 1936 - 30 Jan 1940 Albert Hazen Blanding (b. 1876 - d. 1970)
31 Jan 1940 - 31 Jan 1946 John F. Williams (2nd time)
(acting from 31 Jan 1944)
1 Feb 1946 - 29 Sep 1947 Butler B. Miltonberger (acting) (b. 1896 - d. 1977)
30 Sep 1947 - 4 Sep 1950 Kenneth F. Cramer (b. 1894 - d. 1954)
5 Sep 1950 - 15 Feb 1953 Raymond H. Fleming
(acting to 13 Aug 1951)
16 Feb 1953 - 21 Jun 1953 Earl T. Ricks (acting)
22 Jun 1953 - 31 May 1959 Edgar C. Erickson (b. c.1896 - d. 19..)
1 Jun 1959 - 19 Jul 1959 Winston P. Wilson (1st time) (b. 1911 - d. 1996)
(acting)
20 Jul 1959 - 30 Aug 1963 Donald Wilson McGowan (b. 1898 - d. 1967)
31 Aug 1963 - 31 Aug 1971 Winston P. Wilson (2nd time) (s.a.)
1 Sep 1971 - 23 Jun 1974 Francis S. Greenlief (b. 1921 - d. 1999)
1 Jul 1974 - 15 Aug 1982 LaVern E. Weber (b. 1923 - d. 1999)
(acting to 16 Aug 1974)
16 Aug 1982 - 15 Aug 1986 Emmett H. Walker, Jr. (b. 1924 - d. 2007)
16 Aug 1986 - 31 Jan 1990 Herbert R. Temple, Jr.
1 Feb 1990 - 1 Dec 1993 John B. Conaway (b. 1934)
1 Jan 1994 - 31 Jul 1994 Raymond F. Rees (1st time) (b. 1944)
(acting)
1 Oct 1994 - 31 Jul 1998 Edward D. Baca (b. 1938)
31 Jul 1998 - 3 Aug 2002 Russell C. Davis (b. 1938)
(acting to 4 Aug 1998)
4 Aug 2002 - 10 Apr 2003 Raymond F. Rees (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
11 Apr 2003 - 17 Nov 2008 H. Steven Blum (b. 1946)
17 Nov 2008 - Craig R. McKinley (b. 1952)
Department of the Army
![[War Department 1903-1947, Army flag 1947-56]](secarmy.gif)
1903 - 12 Jun 1956
|
![[US Army outdoor flag]](us-army2.gif)
Adopted 12 Jun 1956
|
12 Jun 1776
Board of War and Ordinance of the Continental Congress.
17 Oct 1777 Board of War
7 Feb 1781
War Office
17 Aug 1789
War Department created.
18 Sep 1947
War Department becomes the Department of the Army, a
branch of the new Department
of Defense.
Presidents
13
Jun 1776 - 27 Nov 1777 John
Adams
(b. 1735
- d. 1826)
27
Nov 1777 - 30 Oct 1781 Horatio Gates
(b. 1727 - d. 1806)
Secretaries at War
30
Oct 1781 - 29 Oct 1783 Benjamin Lincoln
(b. 1733 - d. 1810)
4 Nov 1783 - 8 Mar 1785 Joseph Carleton (acting) (b. 1754 - d. 1812)
8
Mar 1785 - 12 Sep 1789 Henry
Knox
(b. 1750
- d. 1806)
Secretaries of War
12
Sep 1789 - 31 Dec 1794 Henry
Knox
(s.a.)
2 Jan 1795 - 27 Jan 1796 Timothy
Pickering
(b. 1745 - d. 1829)
27 Jan 1796 - 13 May 1800
James McHenry
(b. 1753 - d. 1816)
13 May 1800 - 4 Mar 1801
Samuel Dexter
(b. 1761 - d. 1816)
5
Mar 1801 - 4 Mar 1809 Henry Dearborn
(b. 1751 - d. 1829)
7 Mar 1809 - 13 Jan 1813
William Eustis
(b. 1753 - d. 1825)
13 Jan 1813 - 27 Sep 1814
John Armstrong, Jr.
(b. 1758 - d. 1843)
27 Sep 1814 -
2 Mar 1815 James Monroe
(b. 1758 - d. 1831)
2 Mar 1815 - 1 Aug 1815 Alexander J. Dallas (acting) (b. 1759 - d. 1817)
1 Aug 1815 - 22 Oct 1816 William Harris Crawford
(b. 1772 - d. 1834)
22 Oct 1816 - 8 Oct 1817 George Graham (acting) (b. 1772 - d. 1830)
8 Oct 1817 - 4 Mar 1825 John Caldwell Calhoun
(b. 1782 - d. 1850)
7
Mar 1825 - 23 May 1828 James Barbour
(b. 1755 - d. 1842)
26 Mar 1828 - 4 Mar 1829
Peter Buell Porter
(b. 1773 - d. 1844)
9 Mar 1829 - 18 Jun 1831
John Henry Eaton
(b. 1790 - d. 1856)
18 Jun 1831 - 1 Aug 1831 Levi Woodbury (acting) (b. 1798 - d. 1851)
1 Aug 1831 - 5
Oct 1836 Lewis Cass
(b. 1782 - d. 1866)
5 Oct 1836 - 7 Mar 1837 Benjamin F.
Butler (acting) (b. 1795 - d. 1858)
7 Mar 1837 - 4 Mar 1841 Joel Roberts Poinsett
(b. 1779 - d. 1851)
5
Mar 1841 - 13 Sep 1841 John
Bell
(b. 1797 - d. 1869)
13 Sep 1841 - 12 Oct 1841 Albert Miller Lea (acting) (b. 1809 - d. 1891)
12 Oct 1841 - 4 Mar 1843 John Cranfield Spencer
(b. 1788 - d. 1858)
8 Mar 1843 - 14 Feb 1844 James Madison Porter
(b. 1793 - d. 1862)
15
Feb 1844 - 4 Mar 1845 William Wilkins
(b. 1779 - d. 1865)
6 Mar 1845 - 4 Mar 1849 William Learned Marcy
(b. 1786 - d. 1857)
8 Mar 1849 - 23 Jul 1850 George Walker Crawford
(b. 1798 - d. 1872)
23 Jul 1850 - 14 Aug 1850 Winfield Scott (acting)
(b. 1786 - d. 1866)
15 Aug 1850 - 4 Mar 1853 Charles Magill Conrad
(b. 1804 - d. 1878)
7
Mar 1853 - 4 Mar 1857 Jefferson Davis
(b. 1808 - d. 1889)
6 Mar 1857 - 29 Dec 1860 John Buchanan Floyd
(b. 1806 - d. 1863)
29 Dec 1860 - 4 Mar 1861 Joseph Holt
(b. 1807 - d. 1849)
(acting to 18 Jan 1861)
5 Mar 1861 - 14 Jan 1862
Simon Cameron
(b. 1799 - d. 1889)
20 Jan 1862 - 28 May 1868 Edwin McMasters Stanton
(b. 1814 - d. 1869)
(suspended 12 Aug 1867 - 13 Jan 1868)
12 Aug 1867 - 13 Jan 1868 Ulysses S. Grant (acting)
(b. 1822 - d. 1885)
1 Jun 1868 - 13 Mar 1869 John McAllister Schofield
(b. 1831 - d. 1906)
13
Mar 1869 - 6 Sep 1869 John A. Rawlins
(b. 1831 - d. 1869)
6 Sep 1869 - 25 Oct 1869 William Tecumseh Sherman (acting)
(b. 1820 - d. 1891)
25 Oct 1869 - 2 Mar 1876 William Worth Belknap
(b. 1829 - d. 1890)
8
Mar 1876 - 22 May 1876 Alphonso Taft
(b. 1810 - d. 1891)
22 May 1876 - 4 Mar 1877 James Donald Cameron
(b. 1833 - d. 1918)
12 Mar 1877 - 10 Dec 1879 George Washington McCarary (b.
1835 - d. 1890)
10
Dec 1879 - 4 Mar 1881 Alexander Ramsey
(b. 1815 - d. 1903)
5 Mar 1881 - 4 Mar 1885 Robert Todd Lincoln
(b. 1843 - d. 1926)
5
Mar 1885 - 4 Mar 1889 William C. Endicott
(b. 1826 - d. 1900)
5 Mar 1889 - 5 Nov
1891 Redfield Proctor
(b. 1831 - d. 1908)
5 Nov 1891 - 17 Dec 1891 Lewis A. Grant (acting) (b. 1828 - d. 1918)
17 Dec 1891 - 4 Mar 1893
Stephen B. Elkins
(b. 1841 - d. 1911)
5 Mar 1893 - 4 Mar
1897 Daniel Scott Lamont
(b. 1851 - d. 1905)
5 Mar 1897 - 1 Aug 1899 Russel Alexander Alger
(b. 1836 - d. 1907)
1
Aug 1899 - 31 Jan 1904 Elihu Root
(b. 1854 - d. 1937)
1 Feb 1904 - 30 Jun 1908 William Howard Taft
(b. 1857 - d. 1930)
1
Jul 1908 - 4 Mar 1909 Luke Edward Wright
(b. 1846 - d. 1922)
12 Mar 1909 - 21 May 1911 Jacob McGavock Dickinson
(b. 1851 - d. 1928)
22 May 1911 - 4 Mar 1913 Henry Lewis Stimson (1st time) (b. 1867 - d. 1950)
5 Mar 1913 - 10 Feb 1916 Lindley Miller Garrison
(b. 1864 - d. 1932)
10 Feb 1916 - 9 Mar 1916 Hugh L. Scott (acting) (b. 1853 - d. 1934)
9 Mar 1916 - 4 Mar 1921 Newton Diehl Baker
(b. 1871 - d. 1937)
5
Mar 1921 - 13 Oct 1925 John Wingate Weeks
(b. 1860 - d. 1926)
14 Oct 1925 - 4 Mar 1929 Dwight Filley Davis
(b. 1879 - d. 1945)
6
Mar 1929 - 18 Nov 1929 James William Good
(b. 1866 - d. 1929)
18 Nov 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Patrick Jay Hurley
(b. 1883 - d. 1963)
(acting to 9 Dec 1929)
4 Mar 1933 - 27 Aug 1936
George Henry Dern
(b. 1862 - d. 1936)
27 Aug 1936 - 20 Jun 1940
Harry H. Woodring
(b. 1890 - d. 1967)
(acting to 25 Sep 1936)
20 Jun 1940 - 21 Sep 1945 Henry Lewis Stimson (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting to 10 Jul 1940)
27 Sep 1945 - 18 Jul 1947 Robert Porter Patterson
(b. 1891 - d. 1952)
19 Jul 1947 - 18 Sep 1947 Kenneth Claiborne Royall
(b. 1894 - d. 1971)
Secretaries of the Army
18 Sep 1947 - 28 Apr 1949 Kenneth Claiborne Royall
(s.a.)
28 Apr 1949 - 12
Apr 1950 Gordon Gray
(b. 1909 - d. 1982)
(acting to 20 Jun 1949)
12
Apr 1950 - 20 Jan 1953 Frank Pace,
Jr.
(b. 1912 - d. 1988)
20 Jan 1953 - 4 Feb 1953 Earl D. Johnson (acting) (b. 1905 - d. 1990)
4 Feb 1953 - 21 Jul 1955 Robert TenBroek Stevens
(b. 1899 - d. 1983)
21
Jul 1955 - 19 Jan 1961 Wilber Marion Brucker
(b. 1894 - d. 1968)
24 Jan 1961 - 30 Jun 1962 Elvis Jacob Stahr, Jr.
(b. 1916 - d. 1998)
5
Jul 1962 - 21 Jan 1964 Cyrus Roberts
Vance
(b. 1917 - d. 2002)
28
Jan 1964 - 1 Jul 1965
Stephen Ailes
(b. 1912 - d. 2001)
2 Jul 1965 - 30 Jun 1971
Stanley R. Resor
(b. 1917)
1 Jul 1971 - 14 May 1973 Robert
F. Froehlke
(b. 1922)
15 May 1973 - 3 Jul 1975 Howard
H. Callaway
(b. 1927)
3 Jul 1975 - 5 Aug 1975 Norman R. Augustine (acting) (b. 1935)
5 Aug 1975 - 13 Feb 1977 Martin
R. Hoffmann
(b. 1932)
14 Feb 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Clifford L. Alexander, Jr.
(b. 1933)
20 Jan 1981 - 29 Jan 1981 Percy A. Pierre (acting) (b. 1939)
30 Jan 1981 - 13 Aug 1989 John O. Marsh,
Jr.
(b. 1926)
14 Aug 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Michael
P.W. Stone
(b. 1925 - d. 1995)
20 Jan 1993 - 26 Aug 1993 John W. Shannon (acting)
27 Aug 1993 - 21 Nov 1993 Gordon R. Sullivan (acting) (b. 1937)
22 Nov 1993 - 2 Jan 1998
Togo D. West, Jr.
(b. 1942)
2 Jan 1998 - 1 Jul 1998 Robert M. Walker (acting)
(b. 1949)
2
Jul 1998 - 20 Jan 2001
Louis Caldera
(b. 1956)
20 Jan 2001 - 4 Mar 2001 Gregory R. Dahlberg (acting) (b. 1951?)
5 Mar 2001 - 31 May 2001 Joseph W. Westphal (acting)
31
May 2001 - 9 May 2003 Thomas E.
White
(b. 1943)
9 May 2003 - 19 Nov 2004 Les
Brownlee (acting)
(b. 1939?)
19
Nov 2004 - 9 Mar 2007 Francis J.
Harvey
(b. 1944)
9 Mar 2007 - 21 Sep 2009 Preston "Pete" M. Geren
(b. 1952)
(acting to 13 Jul 2007)
21 Sep 2009 - John M.
McHugh
(b. 1948)
Army
![[flag of Chief of Staff of the Army]](acsa.gif)
Army Chief of Staff Flag
19 Jun 1775
Post of Commanding General was created by the
Continental Congress.
9 Aug 1903
Post replaced by that of Chief of Staff of the Army.
Continental Army General and Commander
in Chief
15
Jun 1775 - 23 Dec 1783 George
Washington
(b. 1732 - d. 1799)
Senior Officers
23
Dec 1783 - 20 Jun 1784
Henry Knox
(b. 1750 - d. 1806)
20
Jun 1784 - 12
Aug 1784 John Doughty
(b. 1754 - d. 1826)
12
Aug 1784
- 4 Mar 1791 Josiah
Harmar
(b. 1753 - d. 1813)
4
Mar 1791 - 5 Mar 1792 Arthur St.
Clair
(b. 1763 - d. 1818)
13
Apr 1792 - 15 Dec 1796
Anthony Wayne
(b. 1745 - d. 1786)
15 Dec 1796 - 13 Jul 1798 James Wilkinson (1st time)
(b. 1757 - d. 1825)
13
Jul 1798 - 14 Dec 1799 George
Washington
(s.a.)
14 Dec 1799 - 15 Jun 1800 Alexander
Hamilton
(b. 1757 - d. 1804)
15 Jun 1800 - 27 Jan 1812 James Wilkinson (2nd time)
(s.a.)
27
Jan 1812 - 15 Jun 1815 Henry
Dearborn
(b. 1751 - d. 1829)
15 Jun 1815 - 1 Jun 1821
Jacob Jennings Brown
(b. 1775 - d. 1828)
Commanding Generals of the Army
1
Jun 1821 - 24 Feb 1828 Jacob Jennings
Brown
(s.a.)
24 Feb 1828 - 29 May 1828 .... (acting)
29
May 1828 - 25 Jun 1841 Alexander
Macomb
(b. 1782 - d. 1841)
5
Jul 1841 - 1 Nov 1861 Winfield
Scott
(b. 1786 - d. 1866)
1 Nov 1861 - 11 Mar 1862 George Brinton McClellan
(b. 1826 - d. 1885)
23
Jul 1862 - 9 Mar 1864 Henry Wagner
Halleck
(b. 1815 - d. 1872)
9
Mar 1864 - 4 Mar 1869 Ulysses S.
Grant
(b. 1822 - d. 1885)
8 Mar 1869 - 1 Nov 1883 William Tecumseh Sherman
(b. 1820 - d. 1891)
1
Nov 1883 - 5 Aug 1888 Philip Henry
Sheridan
(b. 1831 - d. 1888)
14 Aug 1888 - 29 Sep 1895 John McAllister Schofield
(b. 1831 - d. 1906)
5
Oct 1895 - 8 Aug 1903 Nelson Appleton
Miles
(b. 1839 - d. 1925)
Army Chiefs of Staff
15 Aug 1903 - 8 Jan 1904 Samuel Baldwin Marks Young
(b. 1840 - d. 1924)
9
Jan 1904 - 14 Jan 1906 Adna Romanza
Chaffee
(b. 1842 - d. 1914)
15 Jan 1906 - 13 Apr 1906
John Coalter Bates
(b. 1842 - d. 1919)
14 Apr 1906 - 21 Apr 1910
James Franklin Bell
(b. 1856 - d. 1919)
22
Apr 1910 - 20 Apr 1914
Leonard Wood
(b. 1860 - d. 1927)
21 Apr 1914 - 15 Nov 1914 William Wallace Wotherspoon
(b. 1850 - d. 1921)
16
Nov 1914 - 21 Sep 1917 Hugh Lenox
Scott
(b. 1853 - d. 1934)
22 Sep 1917 - 18 May 1918
Tasker Howard Bliss
(b. 1853 - d. 1930)
19 May 1918 - 30 Jun 1921
Peyton Conway March
(b. 1864 - d. 1955)
1 Jul 1921 - 13 Sep 1924
John Joseph Pershing
(b. 1860 - d. 1948)
14 Sep 1924 - 20 Nov 1926
John Leonard Hines
(b. 1868 - d. 1968)
21 Nov 1926 - 20 Nov 1930 Charles Pelot Summerall
(b. 1867 - d. 1955)
21
Nov 1930 - 1 Oct 1935 Douglas
MacArthur
(b. 1880 - d. 1964)
2
Oct 1935 - 31 Aug 1939
Malin Craig
(b. 1875 - d. 1945)
1 Sep 1939 - 18 Nov 1945 George Catlett Marshall
(b. 1880 - d. 1959)
19 Nov 1945 - 7 Feb 1948 Dwight David Eisenhower
(b. 1890 - d. 1969)
7
Feb 1948 - 16 Aug 1949 Omar Nelson
Bradley
(b. 1893 - d. 1981)
16 Aug 1949 - 15 Aug 1953
Joseph Lawton Collins
(b. 1896 - d. 1987)
16 Aug 1953 - 30 Jun 1955 Matthew Bunker Ridgway
(b. 1895 - d. 1993)
30 Jun 1955 - 30 Jun 1959 Maxwell Davenport Taylor
(b. 1901 - d. 1987)
1
Jul 1959 - 30 Sep 1960 Lyman Louis Lemnitzer
(b. 1899 - d. 1988)
1 Oct 1960 - 30 Sep 1962
George Henry Decker
(b. 1902 - d. 1980)
1 Oct 1962 - 2 Jul
1964 Earle Gilmore Wheeler
(b. 1908 - d. 1975)
3 Jul 1964 - 2 Jul
1968 Harold Keith Johnson
(b. 1912 - d. 1983)
3 Jul 1968 - 30 Jun 1972 William Childs Westmoreland
(b. 1914 - d. 2005)
1 Jul 1972 - 11 Oct 1972 Bruce Palmer, Jr. (acting)
(b. 1913 - d. 2000)
12 Oct 1972 - 4 Sep 1974 Creighton William Abrams,
Jr. (b. 1914 - d. 1974)
3 Oct 1974 - 30 Sep 1976 Frederick Carlton Weyand
(b. 1916)
1
Oct 1976 - 21 Jun 1979 Bernard William Rogers
(b. 1921 - d. 2008)
22 Jun 1979 - 21 Jun 1983 Edward
Charles Meyer
(b. 1928)
23 Jun 1983 - 23 Jun 1987 John Adams Wickham, Jr.
(b. 1928)
23
Jun 1987 - 21 Jun 1991 Carl Edward
Vuono
(b. 1934)
21 Jun 1991 - 20 Jun 1995 Gordon Russel Sullivan
(b. 1937)
20
Jun 1995 - 22 Jun 1999 Dennis Joe
Reimer
(b. 1939)
22 Jun 1999 - 11 Jun 2003 Eric Ken
Shinseki
(b. 1942)
11 Jun 2003 - 1 Aug 2003 John
M. Keane (acting)
(b. 1943)
1
Aug 2003 - 10 Apr 2007 Peter J.
Schoomaker
(b. 1946)
10 Apr 2007 - George William
Casey, Jr. (b. 1948)
![[Vessel Flag - Army Corps of Engineers]](us_vfce.gif)
Adopted 6 Apr 1897
16 Jun 1775
Post of Chief Engineer of the Continental Army
created.
11 Mar 1779
Continental Army Corps of Engineers formed.
26 Feb 1783
Disbanded.
9
May 1794
Corps of Artillerists and Engineers
16 Mar 1802
Army Corps of Engineers re-established.
1 Aug 1818
Separate Topographical Bureau of the War Department.
7 Jul 1838
Separate Corps of Topographical Engineers.
3 Mar 1863
Both fully integrated into the Corps of Engineers.
Chief Engineers of the Continental Army
17
Jun 1775 - 5 Aug 1776 Richard
Gridley
(b. 1710 - d. 1796)
5
Aug 1776 - 1 Dec 1776
Rufus Putnam
(b. 1738 - d. 1824)
22 Jul 1777 - 10 Oct 1783 Louis Lebègue Duportail
(b. 1743 - d. 1802)
10 Oct 1783 - 26 Feb 1795 Post Abolished
Commandants of the Corps of Artillerists and Engineers
26
Feb 1795 - 7 May 1798 Stephen
Rochefontaine
(b. 1755 - d. 1814)
7
May 1798 - 1 Apr 1802
Henry Burbeck
(b. 1754 - d. 1848)
Chief Engineers
1
Apr 1802 - 31 Jul 1812 Jonathan
Williams
(b. 1750 - d. 1815)
31 Jul 1812 - 12 Nov 1818
Joseph Gardner Swift
(b. 1783 - d. 1865)
12 Nov 1818 - 1 Jun 1821
Walker Keith Armistead
(b. 1785 - d. 1845)
1 Jun 1821 - 24 May 1828
Alexander Macomb
(b. 1782 - d. 1841)
24
May 1828 - 6 Dec 1838 Charles
Gratiot
(b. 1786 - d. 1855)
7 Dec 1838 - 22 Apr 1864
Joseph Gilbert Totten
(b. 1788 - d. 1864)
Chiefs of the Topographical Bureau
1
Aug 1818 - 15 Jan 1829 Issac
Roberdeau
(b. 1763 - d. 1829)
31 Jan 1829 - 11 Apr 1861
John James Abert
(b. 1788 - d. 1863)
11
Apr 1861 - 9 Sep 1861 Hartman Bache
(b. 1798 - d. 1872)
9
Sep 1861 - 5 Dec 1862 Stephen H.
Long
(b. 1784 - d. 1864)
5 Dec 1862 - 3 Mar 1863 I.C. Woodruff
Chiefs of the Corps of Topographical Engineers
7
Jul 1838 - 9 Sep 1861 John James
Abert
(s.a.)
11
Apr 1861 - 11 Dec 1861 Hartman Bache
(s.a.)
12
Dec 1861 - 3 Mar 1863 Stephen H.
Long
(s.a.)
Chief Engineers
22
Apr 1864 - 8 Aug 1866 Richard
Delafield
(b. 1798 - d. 1873)
8 Aug 1866 - 30 Jun 1879 Andrew Atkinson Humphreys
(b. 1810 - d. 1883)
30 Jun 1879 - 6 Mar 1884 Horation Gouverneur Wright
(b. 1820 - d. 1899)
6
Mar 1884 - 27 Aug 1886
John Newton
(b. 1823 - d. 1899)
11 Oct 1886 - 30 Jun 1888
James Catham Duane
(b. 1824 - d. 1897)
6 Jul 1888 - 10 May 1895
Thomas Lincoln Casey
(b. 1831 - d. 1896)
10 May 1895 - 1 Feb 1897 William Price Craighill
(b. 1833 - d. 1906)
1
Feb 1897 - 30 Apr 1901 John Moulder
Wilson
(b. 1837 - d. 1919)
30 Apr 1901 - 2 May 1901
Henry Martyn Robert
(b. 1837 - d. 1923)
2 May 1901 - 3 May
1901 John Whitney Barlow
(b. 1838 - d. 1914)
3 May 1901 - 22 Jan 1904 George Lewis Gillespie, Jr.
(b. 1841 - d. 1913)
23
Jan 1904 - 25 May 1908 Alexander
Mackenzie
(b. 1844 - d. 1921)
2 Jul 1908 - 11 Jun 1910
William Louis Marshall
(b. 1846 - d. 1920)
12 Jun 1910 - 11 Aug 1913
William Herbert Bixby
(b. 1849 - d. 1928)
12 Aug 1913 - 11 Oct 1913
William Trent Rossell
(b. 1849 - d. 1919)
12 Oct 1913 - 6 Mar 1916
Dan Christie Kingman
(b. 1852 - d. 1916)
7 Mar 1916 - 31 Oct 1919
William Murray Black
(b. 1855 - d. 1933)
10 Feb 1920 - 18 Jun 1924
Lansing Hoskins Beach
(b. 1860 - d. 1945)
19
Jun 1924 - 26 Jun 1926
Harry Taylor
(b. 1862 - d. 1930)
27
Jun 1926 -
6 Aug 1929 Edgar Jadwin
(b. 1865 - d. 1931)
1
Oct 1929
- 1 Oct 1933 Lytle
Brown
(b. 1872 - d. 1951)
1 Oct 1933 - 18 Oct 1937
Edward Murphy Markham
(b. 1877 - d. 1950)
18 Oct 1937 - 1 Oct 1941
Julian Larcombe Schley
(b. 1880 - d. 1965)
1
Oct 1941 - 30 Sep 1945 Eugene
Reybold
(b. 1884 - d. 1961)
4 Oct 1945 - 28 Feb 1949
Raymond A. Wheeler
(b. 1885 - d. 1974)
1
Mar 1949 - 26 Jan 1953
Lewis A. Pick
(b. 1880 - d. 1956)
17 Mar 1953 - 30 Sep 1956 Samuel D. Sturgis, Jr.
(b. 1897 - d. 1964)
1
Oct 1956 - 27 Mar 1961 Emerson C.
Itschner
(b. 1903 - d. 1995)
19 May 1961 - 1 Jul 1965 Walter
K. Wilson, Jr.
(b. 1906 - d. 1985)
1 Jul 1965 - 31 Jul 1969
William F. Cassidy
(b. 1908 - d. 2002)
1 Aug 1969 - 31 Jul 1973 Frederick
J. Clarke
(b. 1915 - d. 2002)
1 Aug 1973 - 30 Jun 1976 William C. Gribble, Jr.
(b. 1917 - d. 1979)
1
Jul 1976 - 30 Sep 1980 John W.
Morris
(b. 1921)
1 Oct 1980 - 14 Sep 1984 Joseph
K. Bratton
(b. 1926)
14 Sep 1984 - 31 May 1988 Elvin R.
Heiberg III
(b. 1932)
17
Jun 1988 - 4 Jun 1992 Henry J.
Hatch
(b. 1935)
24 Aug 1992 - 30 Jun 1996 Arthur
E. Williams
(b. 1938)
1
Oct 1996 - 2 Aug 2000 Joe N.
Ballard
(b. 1942)
23 Oct 2000 - 1 Jul 2004 Robert B. Flowers
1 Jul 2004 - 18 May 2007 Carl A. Strock
18 May 2007 - Robert L. Van Antwerp, Jr.
15 May 1942
Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC).
1 Jul 1943
Women's Army Corps (WAC).
28 Apr 1978
Abolished; women integrated into regular Army.
Directors
16
May 1942 - 11 Jul 1945 Oveta Culp Hobby
(f)
(b. 1905 - d. 1995)
12 Jul 1945 - 4 Mar 1947 Westray Battle Boyce (f)
(b. 1901 - d. 1972)
5
Mar 1947 - 2 Jan 1953 Mary A. Hallaren
(f)
(b. 1907 - d. 2005)
(acting to 6 May 1947)
3 Jan 1953 - 2 Jan 1957 Irene Otillia Galloway
(f) (b. 1908 - d. 1963)
3 Jan 1957 - 31 Jul 1962 Mary Louise Milligan Rasmuson
(f) (b. 1911)
1
Aug 1962 - 31 Jul 1966 Emily C. Gorman (f)
(b. 1909 - d. 2005)
1 Aug 1966 - 31 Jul 1971 Elizabeth P. Hoisington (f)
(b. 1918 - d. 2007)
1 Aug 1971 - 31 Jul 1975 Mildred Inez Caroon Bailey
(f) (b. 1919)
1 Aug 1975 - 28 Apr 1978 Mary Elizabeth Clarke (f)
(b. 1924)
Department of the Navy
![[Navy Department to 1959]](us-nvsc.gif)
1867 - 24 Apr 1959
|
![[U.S. Navy Outdoor flag]](us-nav2.gif)
Adopted 24 Apr 1959
|
13 Oct 1775
Continental Navy founded (subordinated to Continental Army).
3 Jun 1785 Disbanded.
1 Aug 1785 Last Continental Naval vessel (frigate Alliance) sold.
30 Apr 1798
Navy Department established.
18 Sep 1947
Made a branch of the Department of Defense.
Chairman of the Marine Committee
13
Oct 1775 - 1779
John Adams
(b. 1735 - d. 1826)
Chairman of the Continental Board of Admiralty
Dec
1779
- 1780
Francis Lewis
(b. 1713 - d. 1802)
Agent of Marine (Superintendent of Finance)
(post of Secretary of Marine created 7 Feb 1781 but remained vacant)
29 Aug 1781 - 1784 Robert Morris
(b. 1734 - d. 1806)
3 Jun 1785 - 3 May 1798 Post abolished
Secretaries
3
May 1798 - 18 Jun 1798
George Cabot
(b. 1752 - d. 1823)
18 Jun 1798 - 31 Mar 1801
Benjamin Stoddert
(b. 1751 - d. 1813)
27
Jul 1801 - 4 Mar
1809 Robert Smith
(b. 1757 - d. 1842)
15
May 1809 - 31
Dec 1812 Paul Hamilton
(b. 1762 - d. 1816)
12
Jan 1813 -
1 Dec 1814 William Jones
(b. 1760 - d. 1831)
16 Jan 1815 - 30 Sep 1818 Benjamin William Crowninshield
(b. 1772 - d. 1851)
1
Jan 1819 - 31 Aug 1823 Smith
Thompson
(b. 1768 - d. 1843)
16 Sep 1823 - 4 Mar 1829
Samuel L. Southard
(b. 1787 - d. 1842)
9
Mar 1829 - 12 May 1831
John Branch
(b. 1782 - d. 1863)
23
May 1823 - 30
Jun 1834 Levi Woodbury
(b. 1789 - d. 1851)
1 Jul 1834 - 24 Jun 1838
Mahlon Dickerson
(b. 1770 - d. 1853)
1 Jul 1838 - 4 Mar
1841 James Kirke Paulding
(b. 1778 - d. 1860)
6 Mar 1841 - 11 Sep 1841
George Edmund Badger
(b. 1795 - d. 1866)
11 Oct 1841 - 23 Jul 1843
Abel Parker Upshur
(b. 1790 - d. 1844)
24
Jul 1843 - 18 Feb 1844
David Henshaw
(b. 1791 - d. 1852)
19 Feb 1844 - 28 Feb 1844
Thomas Walker Gilmer
(b. 1802 - d. 1844)
26 Mar 1844 - 4 Mar 1845 John Young Mason (1st time)
(b. 1799 - d. 1859)
11
Mar 1845 - 9 Sep 1846 George
Bancroft
(b. 1800 - d. 1891)
10 Sep 1846 - 4 Mar 1849 John Young Mason (2nd time)
(s.a.)
8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850 William Ballard Preston
(b. 1805 - d. 1862)
2 Aug 1850 - 25 Jul 1852 William Alexandr Graham
(b. 1804 - d. 1875)
26
Jul 1852 - 4 Mar 1853 John Pendelton Kennedy
(b. 1795 - d. 1870)
8 Mar 1853 - 4 Mar
1857 James Cochrane Dobbin
(b. 1804 - d. 1857)
1 Jun 1853 - 15 Jun 1853 Jefferson Davis (acting for Dobbin)(b. 1808 - d. 1889)
7 Mar 1857 -
4 Mar 1861 Isaac Toucey
(b. 1796 - d. 1869)
7
Mar 1861
- 4 Mar 1869 Gideon
Welles
(b. 1802 - d. 1878)
9 Mar 1869 - 25 Jun 1869
Adolph Edward Borie
(b. 1809 - d. 1880)
26 Jun 1869 - 4 Mar 1877
George Maxwell Robeson
(b. 1829 - d. 1897)
4 Mar 1877 - 13 Mar 1877 William Faxon (acting)
13 Mar 1877 - 20 Dec 1880 Richard Wigginton Thompson
(b. 1823 - d. 1900)
7
Jan 1881 - 4 Mar 1881 Nathan Goff,
Jr.
(b. 1843 - d. 1920)
7 Mar 1881 - 16 Apr 1882
William Henry Hunt
(b. 1823 - d. 1884)
12 Apr 1882 - 4 Mar 1885
William Eaton Chandler
(b. 1835 - d. 1917)
7 Mar 1885 - 4 Mar
1889 William Colins Whitney
(b. 1841 - d. 1904)
6 Mar 1889 - 4 Mar
1893 Benjamin Franklin Tracy
(b. 1830 - d. 1915)
7 Mar 1893 - 4 Mar
1897 Hilary Abner Herbert
(b. 1834 - d. 1919)
6
Mar 1897 - 30 Apr 1902 John Davis
Long
(b. 1838 - d. 1915)
1 May 1902 - 30 Jun 1904
William Henry Moody
(b. 1853 - d. 1917)
1
Jul 1904 - 30 Jun 1905
Paul Morton
(b. 1857 - d. 1911)
1 Jul 1905 - 16 Dec 1906 Charles Joseph Boneparte
(b. 1851 - d. 1921)
17
Dec 1906 - 30 Nov 1908 Victor Howard Metcalf
(b. 1853 - d. 1936)
1 Dec 1908 - 4 Mar
1909 Truman Handy Newberry
(b. 1864 - d. 1945)
6 Mar 1909 - 4 Mar 1913 George von Lengerke
Meyer (b. 1858 - d.
1918)
5
Mar 1913 - 4 Mar 1921 Josephus
Daniels
(b. 1861 - d. 1948)
6
Mar 1921 - 10 Mar 1924 Edwin C.
Denby
(b. 1870 - d. 1929)
10 Mar 1924 - 19 Mar 1924 Theodore D. Roosevelt, Jr. (acting)(b. 1887 - d. 1944)
19 Mar 1924 - 4 Mar 1929
Curtis Dwight Wibur
(b. 1867 - d. 1954)
5 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar
1933 Charles Francis Adams
(b. 1866 - d. 1954)
4 Mar 1933 - 7 Jul
1939 Claud Augustus Swanson
(b. 1862 - d. 1939)
7 Jul 1939 - 24 Jun 1940 Charles
Edison
(b. 1890 - d. 1969)
(acting to 2 Jan 1940)
24 Jun 1940 - 11 Jul 1940 Lewis Compton (acting) (b. 1892 - d. 1942)
11
Jul 1940 - 28 Apr 1944
Frank Knox
(b. 1874 - d. 1944)
28 Apr 1944 - 19 May 1944 Ralph A. Bard (acting) (b. 1884 - d. 1975)
19 May 1944 - 17 Sep 1947
James V. Forrestal
(b. 1892 - d. 1949)
18 Sep 1947 - 24 May 1949 John Lawrence Sullivan
(b. 1899 - d. 1983)
25 May 1949 - 31 Jul 1951 Francis Patrick Matthews
(b. 1887 - d. 1952)
31
Jul 1951 - 20 Jan 1953 Dan A.
Kimball
(b. 1896 - d. 1970)
4 Feb 1953 - 3 May
1954 Robert Bernard Anderson
(b. 1910 - d. 1989)
3 May 1954 - 1 Apr
1957 Charles Sparks Thomas
(b. 1897 - d. 1983)
1 Apr 1957 - 8 Jun
1959 Thomas Sovereign Gates, Jr.
(b. 1906 - d. 1983)
8
Jun 1959 - 19 Jan 1961 William
Franke
(b. 1894 - d. 1979)
25 Jan 1961 - 20 Dec 1961
John Bowden Connally
(b. 1917 - d. 1993)
4
Jan 1962 - 1 Nov
1963 Fred Korth
(b. 1909 - d. 1998)
2 Nov 1963 - 28 Nov 1963
Paul B. Fay, Jr. (acting)
(b. 1918 - d. 2009)
29
Nov 1963 - 30 Jun 1967
Paul H. Nitze
(b. 1907 - d. 2004)
1 Jul 1967 - 31 Aug 1967 Charles F. Baird (acting)
(b. 1922)
1
Sep 1967 - 20 Jan 1969 Paul Roland
Ignatisu
(b. 1920)
31
Jan 1969 - 4 May 1972 John H.
Chafee
(b. 1922 - d. 1999)
4
May 1972 - 8 Apr 1974 John W.
Warner
(b. 1927)
8 Apr 1974 - 20 Jan 1977 J.
William Middendorf II
(b. 1924)
20 Jan 1977 - 14 Feb 1977 .... (acting)
14 Feb 1977 - 24 Aug 1979 W. Graham Clayton, Jr.
(b. 1912)
24 Aug 1979 - 24 Oct 1979 .... (acting)
24
Oct 1979 - 20 Jan 1981 Edward
Hidalgo
(b. 1912 - d. 1995)
5
Feb 1981
- 10 Apr 1987 John F. Lehman, Jr.
(b. 1942)
1
May 1987 - 23 Feb 1988 James
H. Webb, Jr.
(b. 1946)
28 Mar 1988 - 15 May 1989 William
L. Ball
(b. 1948)
15 May 1989 - 26 Jun 1992 Henry Lawrence
Garrett III
(b. 1939)
26 Jun 1992 - 7 Jul 1992 J. Daniel
Howard (acting)
(b. 1943)
7
Jul 1992 - 20 Jan 1993
Sean O'Keefe
(b. 1956)
(acting to 2 Oct 1992)
20 Jan 1993 - 21 Jul 1993 Frank B. Kelso II (acting)
(b. 1933)
22
Jul 1993 - 16 Nov 1998 John H.
Dalton
(b. 1941)
16 Nov 1998 - 20 Jan 2001 Richard
Danzig
(b. 1944)
20 Jan 2001 - 24 May 2001 Robert B. Pirie, Jr. (acting)
(b. 1933)
24 May 2001 - 24 Jan 2003 Gordon R. England (1st time)
(b. 1937)
24 Jan 2003 - 7 Feb 2003 Susan Morrisey Livingstone
(f) (b. 1946)
(acting)
7 Feb 2003 - 1 Oct 2003 Hansford T. Johnson
(acting) (b. 1936)
1 Oct 2003 - 29 Dec 2005 Gordon R. England (2nd time)
(s.a.)
29 Dec 2005 - 3 Jan 2006 Dionel M. Aviles (acting)
(b. 1961?)
3 Jan 2006 - 13 Mar 2009 Donald C. Winter (b. c.1947)
13 Mar 2009 - 19 May 2009 B.J. Penn (acting)
19 May 2009 - Raymond "Ray" E. Mabus, Jr.
(b. 1948)
![[flag of Chief of Naval Operations]](uscno.gif)
Chief of Naval Operations Flag
Adopted Oct 1956
Presidents of the Board of Naval
Commissioners
May
1776 - May 1780 Thomas
Whiting
(b. 1712 - d. 1781)
May 1780 - 7 Feb 1815 Post abolished
7 Feb 1815 - 1824
John Rodgers (1st time)
(b. 1773 - d. 1838)
1824 - 1827
William Bainbridge
(b. 1774 - d. 1833)
1827 - 1837
John Rodgers (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1827
- Jan
1840
Isaac
Chauncey
(b. 1772 - d. 1840)
1841 - 31 Aug 1842
Lewis Warrington
(b. 1782 - d. 1851)
31 Aug 1842 - 11 May 1915 Board of Naval Commissioners
Chiefs of Naval Operations
11 May 1915 - 25 Sep 1919 William Shepherd Benson
(b. 1855 - d. 1932)
1
Nov 1919 - 21 Jul 1923 Robert Edward
Coontz
(b. 1864 - d. 1935)
21 Jul 1923 - 14 Nov 1927
Edward Walter Eberle
(b. 1864 - d. 1929)
14 Nov 1927 - 17 Sep 1930 Charles Frederick Hughes
(b. 1866 - d. 1934)
17
Sep 1930 - 30 Jun 1933 William Veazie
Pratt
(b. 1869 - d. 1957)
1 Jul 1933 - 1 Jan 1937 William Harrison Standley
(b. 1872 - d. 1963)
2
Jan 1937 - 1 Aug 1939 William Daniel
Leahy
(b. 1875 - d. 1959)
1 Aug 1939 - 26 Mar 1942
Harold Raynsford Stark
(b. 1880 - d. 1972)
26 Mar 1942 - 15 Dec 1945
Ernest Joseph King
(b. 1878 - d. 1956)
15 Dec 1945 - 15 Dec 1947 Chester William Nimitz
(b. 1885 - d. 1966)
15
Dec 1947 - 1 Nov 1949 Louis Emil
Denfeld
(b. 1891 - d. 1972)
2 Nov 1949 - 22 Jul 1951 Forrest Percival Sherman
(b. 1896 - d. 1951)
22 Jul 1951 - 16 Aug 1951 Lynde D. McCormick (acting) (b. 1895 - d. 1956)
16 Aug 1951 - 17 Aug 1953 William Morrow Fechteler
(b. 1896 - d. 1967)
17 Aug 1953 - 17 Aug 1955 Robert Bostwick Carney
(b. 1895 - d. 1990)
17
Aug 1955 - 1 Aug 1961 Arleigh Albert
Burke
(b. 1901 - d. 1996)
1 Aug 1961 - 1 Aug 1963 George Whelan Anderson,
Jr. (b. 1906 - d. 1992)
1
Aug 1963 - 1 Aug 1967 David Lamar
McDonald
(b. 1906 - d. 1997)
1 Aug 1967 - 30 Jun 1970
Thomas Hinman Moorer
(b. 1912 - d. 2004)
1 Jul 1970 - 30 Jun 1974 Elmo Russell Zumwalt, Jr.
(b. 1920 - d. 2000)
1 Jul 1974 - 30 Jun 1978 James Lemuel Holloway III
(b. 1922)
1
Jul 1978 - 30 Jun 1982 Thomas B.
Hayward
(b. 1924)
1 Jul 1982 - 30 Jun 1986 James
D. Watkins
(b. 1927)
1 Jul 1986 - 30 Jun 1990 Carlisle
A.H. Trost
(b. 1930)
1 Jul 1990 - 23 Apr 1994 Frank
B. Kelso II
(b. 1933)
23 Apr 1994 - 16 May 1996 Jeremy
M. "Mike" Boorda
(b. 1939 - d. 1996)
16 May 1996 - 21 Jul 2000 Jay L.
Johnson
(b. 1946)
(acting to 2 Aug 1996)
21 Jul 2000 - 22 Jul 2005 Vern Clark
(b. 1944)
22 Jul 2005 - 29 Sep 2007 Michael
Mullen
(b. 1946)
29 Sep 2007 - Gary G. Roughhead
(b. 1951)
Women Accepted Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES)
30 Jul 1942
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES).
1977
Disbanded; women integrated
into regular Navy.
Directors (Assistants to the Chief of Navy Personnel for
Women)
3 Aug 1942 - Feb 1946 Mildred McAfee Horton (f) (b.
1900 - d. 1994)
(from Aug 1945, Mildred
Helen McAfee Horton)
Feb 1946 - Jul 1946 Jean Tilford Palmer (f) (b. 1903 - d. 1992)
Jul 1946 - 30 Jun 1953
Joy Bright Hancock (f) (b. 1898 - d. 1986)
30 Jun 1953 - Aug 1957 Louise K. Wilde (f)
Aug 1957 - Apr 1962 Winifred Redden
Quick Collins (f) (b. 1911 - d. 1999)
Apr 1962 - Apr 1966
Viola B. Sanders (f) (b. 1921)
Apr 1966 - Jan 1971
Rita Lenihan (f) (b. 1914? - d. 1989)
Jan 1971 - Mar 1973
Robin Lindsay Catherine Quigley (f)(b. 1929)
Mar 1973 - 1977
Post abolished
Marine Corps
![[Marine Corps flag before 1830-1850]](us-mc30.jpg)
1830 - 1850 |
![[Marine Corps flag before 1850-1939]](us-mc2.jpg) 1850 - 18 Jan 1939 |
![[Marine Corps Outdoor flag]](us-mc.gif) Adopted 18 Jan 1939 |
![[flag of Commandant of the Marine Corps]](uscmcc.gif) Flag of the Commandant |
10 Nov 1775 Continental Marine Corps established.
30 Nov 1783 Disbanded
11 Jul 1798 United States Marine Corps.
Commandants of the Marine Corps (subordinate to Secretary
of the Navy)
28
Nov 1775 - Aug 1781 Samuel
Nicholas¹
(b. 1744 - d. 1790)
Aug 1781 - 11 Jul 1798 Post abolished
12
Jul 1798 - 6 Mar 1804 William Ward
Burrows
(b. 1758 - d. 1804)
7
Mar 1804 - 1 Sep 1818 Franklin
Wharton
(b. 1767 - d. 1818)
2 Sep 1818 - 15 Sep 1818 Samuel Miller (acting) (b. 17.. - d. 1855)
16 Sep 1818 - 2 Mar 1819 Archibald Henderson (1st
time) (b. 1783 - d. 1859)
(acting)
3
Mar 1819 - 16 Oct 1820
Anthony Gale
(b. 1782 - d. 1843)
17 Oct 1820 - 6 Jan 1859 Archibald Henderson (2nd
time) (s.a.)
7
Jan 1859 - 12 May 1864
John Harris
(b. 1790 - d. 1864)
13 May 1864 - 9 Jun 1864 Augustus S. Nicholson (acting)
10
Jun 1864 - 31 Oct 1876
Jacob Zeilin
(b. 1806 - d. 1880)
1 Nov 1876 - 29 Jan 1891
Charles McCawley
(b. 1827 - d. 1891)
30
Jan 1891 - 2 Oct 1903 Charles
Heywood
(b. 1839 - d. 1915)
3
Oct 1903 - 30 Nov 1910 George
Elliott
(b. 1846 - d. 1931)
1 Dec 1910 - 24 Feb 1914 William Phillips Biddle
(b. 1853 - d. 1923)
(acting to 3 Feb 1911)
25 Feb 1914 - 30 Jun 1920
George M.G. Barnett
(b. 1859 - d. 1930)
1 Jul 1920 - 4 Mar
1929 John Arhcer Lejeune
(b. 1867 - d. 1942)
5 Mar 1929 - 8 Jul
1930 Wendell Cushing Neville
(b. 1870 - d. 1930)
9 Jul 1930 - 28 Feb 1934
Ben Hebard Fuller
(b. 1870 - d. 1937)
1 Mar 1934 - 30 Nov 1936
John Herny Russell
(b. 1872 - d. 1947)
1
Dec 1936 - 31 Dec 1943 Thomas
Holcomb
(b. 1879 - d. 1965)
1 Jan 1944 - 31 Dec 1947 Alexander Archer Vandegrift
(b. 1887 - d. 1973)
1
Jan 1948 - 31 Dec 1951 Clifton B.
Cates
(b. 1893 - d. 1970)
1 Jan 1952 - 31 Dec 1955 Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr.
(b. 1896 - d. 1990)
1
Jan 1956 - 31 Dec 1959 Randolph McCall
Pate
(b. 1898 - d. 1961)
1
Jan 1960 - 31 Dec 1963 David M.
Shoup
(b. 1904 - d. 1983)
1 Jan 1964 - 31 Dec 1967
Wallace M. Greene, Jr.
(b. 1907 - d. 2003)
1 Jan 1968 - 31 Dec 1971 Leonard F. Chapman, Jr.
(b. 1913 - d. 2000)
1
Jan 1972 - 30 Jun 1975 Ronert E. Cushman, Jr.
(b. 1914 - d. 1985)
1 Jul 1975 - 30 Jun 1979
Louis H. Wilson, Jr.
(b. 1920 - d. 2005)
1 Jul 1979 - 30 Jun 1983
Robert H. Barrow
(b. 1922 - d. 2008)
1
Jul 1983 - 30 Jun 1987 Paul X.
Kelley
(b. 1928)
1 Jul 1987 - 30 Jun 1991 Alfred
M. Gray, Jr.
(b. 1928)
1 Jul 1991 - 30 Jun 1995 Carl
E. Mundy, Jr.
(b. 1935)
1 Jul 1995 - 30 Jun 1999 Charles
C. Krulak
(b. 1942)
1
Jul 1999 - 13 Jan 2003 James L.
Jones
(b. 1943)
13 Jan 2003 - 13 Nov 2006 Michael W.
Hagee
(b. 1944)
13 Nov 2006 -
James T. Conway
(b. 1947)
Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR)
29 Jan 1943
Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR) created.
12 Jun 1948
Reanmed Women Marines.
30 Jun 1977
Disbanded; women integrated into regular Marine Corps.
Directors
29 Jan 1943 - 7 Dec 1945 Ruth Cheney Streeter (f)
(b. 1895 - d. 1990)
7 Dec 1945 - 12 Jun 1946 Katherine Amelia Towle (f)
(b. 1898 - d. 1986)
(1st time)
12 Jun 1946 - 3 Sep 1948 Julia E. Hamblet (f) (1st time) (b. 1916)
4 Sep 1948 - 30 Apr 1953 Katherine Amelia Towle (f)
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
1 May 1953 - 2 Mar 1959
Julia E. Hamblet (f) (2nd time) (s.a.)
2 Mar 1959 - 2 Jan 1964 Margaret Monroe Henderson
(f) (b. 1911)
3 Jan 1964 - 1 Feb 1969 Barbara Janet
Bishop (f) (b.
1920)
1
Feb 1969 - 31 Jan 1973 Jeanette I.
Sustad
(b. 1922
- d. 1978)
1 Feb 1973 - 30 Jun 1977
Margaret A. Brewer (f)
(b. 1930)
¹The resolution of Congress on 10 Nov 1775 provided
for a colonel to command two
battalions of Marines authorized, but the highest rank received
by any Marine during
the revolution was major. Samuel Nicholas was appointed "Captain
of Marines" on 28
Nov 1775, and promoted to major on 25 Jun 1776. Because of his
senior status among
other Marine officers of the Revolution, he is numbered as the
first Commandant.
The year 1781 saw Major Nicholas' return to private life. By the
summer of 1781 there
were only three Marine captains and three lieutenants on active
duty, and the overall organization had ceased to exist.
Department of the Air Force
![[US Air Force flag]](us-af.gif)
Adopted 26 Mar 1951
18 Sep 1947
Department of the Air Force created and made
a branch of the Department
of Defense.
Secretaries
18 Sep 1947 - 24 Apr 1950 William Stuart Symington
(b. 1901 - d. 1988)
24 Apr 1950 - 20 Jan 1953 Thomas
K. Finletter
(b. 1893 - d. 1980)
4 Feb 1953 - 13 Aug 1955
Harold Elstner Talbott
(b. 1888 - d. 1957)
15 Aug 1955 - 30 Apr 1957
Donald Aubrey Quarles
(b. 1894 - d. 1959)
1 May 1957 - 11 Dec 1959 James Henderson Douglas, Jr.
(b. 1899 - d. 1988)
11 Dec 1959 - 20 Jan 1961 Dudley Crawford Sharpe
(b. 1905 - d. 1987)
24
Jan 1961 - 30 Sep 1965 Eugene
M. Zuckert
(b. 1911 - d. 2000)
1
Oct 1965 - 15 Feb 1969
Harold Brown
(b. 1927)
15 Feb 1969 - 14 May 1973 Robert C. Seamans, Jr.
(b. 1918 - d. 2008)
15
May 1973 - 23 Nov 1975 John L.
McLucas
(b. 1920 - d. 2002)
(acting to 19 Jul 1973)
24 Nov 1975 - 1 Jan 1976 James W. Plummer (acting)
(b. 1920)
2
Jan 1976 - 6 Apr 1977 Thomas C.
Reed
(b. 1934)
6 Apr 1977 - 18 May 1979 John
C. Stetson
(b. 1920 - d. 2007)
18
May 1979 - 9 Feb
1981 Hans M. Mark
(b. 1929)
(acting to 26 Jul 1979)
9
Feb 1981
- 30 Nov 1985 Verne Orr
(b. 1916 - d. 2008)
8 Dec 1985 - 7 Apr 1986
Russell A. Rourke
(b. 1931 - d. 2003)
8 Apr 1986 - 15 Dec 1988 Edward C. Aldridge, Jr.
(b. 1938)
(acting to 9 Jun 1986)
16 Dec 1988 - 29 Apr 1989 James F. McGovern (acting)
(b. 1946)
29
Apr 1989 - 21 May 1989 John J. Welch,
Jr.
(b. 1930)
22 May 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Donald
B. Rice
(b. 1939)
20 Jan 1993 - 13 Jul 1993 Michael B. Donley (1st time)
(b. 1952)
(acting)
14 Jul 1993 - 5 Aug 1993 Merrill A. McPeak (acting)
(b. 1936)
6
Aug 1993 - 31 Oct 1997 Sheila E. Widnall (f)
(b. 1938)
1 Nov 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 F.
Whitten Peters
(b. 1946)
(acting to 1 Aug 1999)
20 Jan 2001 - 31 May 2001 Lawrence J. Delaney (acting)
1
Jun 2001 - 20 Jan 2005 James G.
Roche
(b. 1939)
20 Jan 2005 - 25 Mar 2005 Peter B. Teets (acting)
(b. 1942?)
25 Mar 2005 - 28 Mar 2005 Michael Montelongo (acting) (b. 1956?)
28 Mar 2005 - 29 Jul 2005 Michael L. Dominguez (acting)
29 Jul 2005 - 3 Nov 2005 Preston "Pete" M. Geren (acting)
(b. 1952)
3
Nov 2005 - 21 Jun 2008 Michael W. Wynne
(b. 1944)
21 Jun 2008 - Michael
B. Donley (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting to 17 Oct 2008)
Air Force
![[US Army Air Corps Headquaters flag]](us-araf.gif)
Army Air Corps 1941 - 1947 |
![[Chief of Staff of the Air Force flag]](us-afcs.gif)
Air Force Chief of Staff Flag |
1 Aug 1907
Aeronautical Division established within the
U.S. Army Signal Corps.
18 Jul 1914
Renamed Army Aviation Section.
21 May 1918
Separated from Signal Corps and divided into the
Division of Military
Aeronautics and the Bureau of
Aircraft Production.
27 Aug 1918
Reunified as the Army Air Service.
2 Jul 1926
Renamed Army Air Corps.
20 Jul 1941
Army Air Forces.
9 Feb 1942
Post of Chief of the Air Force Staff created.
26 Sep 1947
U.S. Air Force made a separate branch of the military.
Chief Signal Officers in charge
of the Army Air Units
1
Aug 1907 - 13 Feb 1913
James Allen
(b. 1849 - d. 1933)
(Chief Signal Officer
from 1906)
5 Mar 1913 - 13 Feb 1917 George Percival Scriven
(b. 1854 - d. 1940)
14
Feb 1917 - 20 May 1918 George Owen
Squier
(b. 1865 - d. 1934)
(continued as Chief Signal
Officer to 1923)
Chief of the Division of Military Aeronautics
21
May 1918 - 27 Aug 1918 William Lacy
Kenley
(b. 1864 - d. 1928)
Chief of the Bureau of Aircraft Production
21
May 1918 - 27 Aug 1918 John Dennis
Ryan
(b. 1864 - d. 1933)
Directors of the Air Service
27
Aug 1918 - 23 Dec 1918 John Dennis
Ryan
(s.a.)
23 Dec 1918 - 4 Jun 1920 Charles
Thomas Menoher
(b. 1862 - d. 1930)
Chiefs of the Air Service
4
Jun 1920 - 5 Oct 1921 Charles Thomas Menoher
(s.a.)
5 Oct 1921 - 2 Jul 1926
Mason Matthews Patrick
(b. 1863 - d. 1942)
Chiefs of the Air Corps
2
Jul 1926 - 13 Dec 1927 Mason Matthews Patrick
(b. 1863 - d. 1942)
14 Dec 1927 - 18 Mar 1931
James Edmond Fechet
(b. 1877 - d. 1948)
19 Mar 1931 - 21 Dec 1935 Benjamin Delahauf Foulois
(b. 1879 - d. 1967)
22
Dec 1935 - 21 Sep 1938 Oscar M.
Westover
(b. 1883 - d. 1938)
22 Sep 1938 - 29 May 1941 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold
(b. 1886 - d. 1950)
30
May 1941 - 19 Jun 1941 George Howard
Brett
(b. 1886 - d. 1963)
Chief of the Army Air Forces
20 Jun 1941 - 9 Mar 1942 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold
(s.a.)
Commanding Generals of the Army Air Forces
9 Mar 1942 - 14 Feb 1946 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold
(s.a.)
15
Feb 1946 - 25 Sep 1947 Carl Andrew
Spaatz
(b. 1891 - d. 1974)
Chiefs of the Air Force Staff
26
Sep 1947 - 30 Apr 1948 Carl Andrew
Spaatz
(s.a.)
30 Apr 1948 - 30 Jun 1953 Hoyt Sanford Vandenberg
(b. 1899 - d. 1954)
30 Jul 1953 - 30 Jun 1957 Nathan Farragut Twining
(b. 1897 - d. 1982)
1
Jul 1957 - 30 Jun 1961 Thomas Desser
White
(b. 1901 - d. 1965)
30 Jun 1961 - 31 Jan 1965
Curtis Emerson LeMay
(b. 1906 - d. 1990)
1 Feb 1965 - 1 Aug
1969 John Paul McConnell
(b. 1908 - d. 1986)
1
Aug 1969 - 31 Jul 1973 John Dale
Ryan
(b. 1915 - d. 1983)
1 Aug 1973 - 30 Jun 1974 George Scratchley Brown
(b. 1918 - d. 1978)
1
Jul 1974 - 20 Jun 1978 David C.
Jones
(b. 1921)
1
Jul 1978 - 30 Jun 1982 Lew Allen,
Jr.
(b. 1925)
1 Jul 1982 - 30 Jun 1986 Charles
A. Gabriel
(b. 1928)
1
Jul 1986 - 30 Jun 1990 Larry D.
Welch
(b. 1934)
1 Jul 1990 - 17 Sep 1990 Michael
J. Dugan
(b. 1937)
17 Sep 1990 - 27 Oct 1990 John M.
Loh (acting)
(b. 1938)
27 Oct 1990 - 25 Oct 1994 Merrill
A. McPeak
(b. 1936)
26 Oct 1994 - 1 Sep 1997 Ronald
R. Fogleman
(b. 1942)
2 Sep 1997 - 5 Oct 1997 Ralph E. Eberhart (acting)
(b. 1946)
6 Oct 1997 - 6 Sep 2001 Michael E.
Ryan
(b. 1941)
6 Sep 2001 - 2 Sep 2005 John P.
Jumper
(b. 1945)
2 Sep 2005 - 1 Aug 2008 T.
Michael "Buzz" Moseley
(b. 1949)
1 Aug 2008 - 12 Aug 2008 Duncan McNabb (acting)
12 Aug 2008 - Norton A. Schwartz
(b. 1951)
10 Sep 1942
Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS).
15 Sep 1942
Women's Flying Training Detachment (WFTD).
5 Aug 1943
Women's Air Force Service Pilots (WASP) formed
consolidating the WAFS
and WFTD.
20 Dec 1944
WASPs are disbanded.
12 Jun 1948
Women in the Air Force (WAF) created.
1
Jul 1976
WAF disbanded; women integrated into regular Air Force.
Commander of the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron
11 Sep 1942 - 4 Aug 1943 Nancy Harkness Love (f)
(b. 1914 - d. 1976)
Commander of the Women's Flying Training Detachment
15
Sep 1942 - 5 Aug 1943 Jacqueline Cochran (f)
(b. 1906 - d. 1980)
Commander of the Women's Air Force Service Pilots
5
Aug 1943 - 20 Dec 1944 Jacqueline Cochran (f)
(s.a.)
Directors of Women in the Air Force
16 Jun 1948 - 29 May 1951 Geraldine Pratt May (f)
(b. 1895 - d. 1997)
29 May 1951 - 1 Jan 1954 Mary Josephine
Shelly (f) (b. 1907
- d. 1979)
1 Jan 1954 - 1957
Phyllis D.S. Gray (f)
1957 - 1961
Emma J. Riley (f)
1961 - 1965
Elizabeth Ray (f)
1 Nov 1965 - Mar 1973
Jeanne M. Holm (f)
(b. 1921)
May 1973 - Apr 1975
Billie M. Bobbitt (f)
Apr 1975 - Jun 1976
Bianca D. Trimeloni (f)
(b. 1927 - d. 1989)
Regional Commands
African Command (AFRICOM)
Commanders
26 Feb 2007 - 30 Sep 2007 Robert T. Moeller (acting) (b. 1953?)
1 Oct 2007 -
William "Kip" E. Ward (b.
1949?)
European Command (EUCOM)
Commanders-in-chief
1
Aug 1952 - 11 Jul 1953 Matthew B.
Ridgway
(b. 1895 - d. 1993)
11 Jul 1953 - 20 Nov 1956
Alfred M. Gruenther
(b. 1899 - d. 1983)
20
Nov 1956 - 1 Nov 1962 Lauris
Norstad
(b. 1907 - d. 1988)
1 Nov 1962 - 5 May
1969 Lyman L. Lemnitzer
(b. 1899 - d. 1988)
5 May 1969 - 1 Nov
1974 Andrew J. Goodpaster
(b. 1915 - d. 2005)
1
Nov 1974 - 27 Jun 1979 Alexander
Haig
(b. 1924)
27 Jun 1979 - 25 Jun 1987 Bernard
Rogers
(b. 1921 - d. 2008)
25
Jun 1987 - 23 Jun 1992
John Galvin
(b. 1929)
23 Jun 1992 - 21 Oct 1993 John
Shalikashvili
(b. 1936)
21 Oct 1993 - 10 Jul 1997 George
A. Joulwan
(b. 1939)
10
Jul 1997 - 2 May 2000 Wesley K.
Clark
(b. 1944)
2 May 2000 - 16 Jan 2003
Joseph W. Ralston
(b. 1943)
16 Jan 2003 - 4 Dec 2006 James L.
Jones
(b. 1943)
4 Dec 2006 - 30 Jun 2009 Bantz J. Craddock
(b. 1949)
30 Jun 2009 - James G. Stavridis
(b. 1955)
Commanders-in-chief
1
Jan 1983 - 27 Nov 1985 Robert C.
Kingston
(b. 1929)
27 Nov 1985 - 23 Nov 1988 George
B. Crist
(b. 1931)
23 Nov 1988 - 9 Aug 1991 H.
Norman Schwarzkopf
(b. 1934)
9
Aug 1991 - 5 Aug 1994 Joseph P.
Hoar
(b. 1934)
5 Aug 1994 - 13 Aug 1997 J.H.
Binford Peay III
(b. 1940)
13
Aug 1997 - 6 Jul
2000 Anthony Zinni
(b. 1947)
6 Jul 2000 - 7 Jul 2003
Tommy Ray Franks
(b. 1945)
7
Jul 2003 - 16 Mar 2007 John P.
Abizaid
(b. 1951)
16 Mar 2007 - 28 Mar 2008 William J. Fallon
(b. 1944)
28 Mar 2008 - 31 Oct 2008 Martin E. Dempsey (acting) (b. 1952)
31 Oct 2008 - David H. Petraeus
(b. 1952)
Pacific Command (PACOM)
Commanders-in-chief
1
Jan 1947 - 28 Feb 1947 John H.
Towers
(b. 1885 - d. 1955)
28 Feb 1947 - 3 Dec 1947
Louis E. Denfeld
(b. 1891 - d. 1972)
12 Jan 1948 - 30 Apr 1949
DeWitt C. Ramsey
(b. 1888 - d. 1961)
30 Apr 1949 - 10 Jul 1953
Arthur W. Radford
(b. 1896 - d. 1973)
10
Jul 1953 - 31 Jul 1958 Felix B.
Stump
(b. 1894 - d. 1972)
31
Jul 1958 - 30 Jun 1964
Harry D. Felt
(b. 1902 - d. 1992)
30 Jun 1964 - 31 Jul 1968 Ulysses S. Grant Sharp
(b. 1906 - d. 2001)
31
Jul 1968 - 1 Sep 1972 John S. McCain,
Jr.
(b. 1911 - d. 1981)
1 Sep 1972 - 30 Aug 1976
Noel A.M. Gayler
(b. 1913)
30 Aug 1976 - 31 Oct 1979 Maurice
F. Weisner
(b. 1917 - d. 2006)
31 Oct 1979 - 1 Jul 1983 Robert
L.J. Long
(b. 1920 - d. 2002)
1 Jul 1983 - 18 Sep 1985
William J. Crowe, Jr.
(b. 1925 - d. 2007)
18 Sep 1985 - 30 Sep 1988 Ronald
J. Hays
(b. 1928)
30 Sep 1988 - 1 Mar 1991 Huntington
Hardisty
(b. 1929 - d. 2003)
1 Mar 1991 - 11 Jul 1994
Charles R. Larson
(b. 1936)
11 Jul 1994 - 19 Jul 1994 Harold
T. Fields
(b. 1938)
19 Jul 1994 - 31 Jan 1996 Richard
C. Macke
(b. 1938)
31 Jan 1996 - 20 Feb 1999 Joseph
W. Prueher
(b. 1942)
20 Feb 1999 - 2 May 2002 Dennis
C. Blair
(b. 1947)
2 May 2002 - 26 Feb 2005 Thomas
B. Fargo
(b. 1948)
26
Feb 2005 - 12 Mar 2007 William J.
Fallon
(b. 1944)
12 Mar 2007 - 23 Mar 2007 Daniel P. Leaf (acting) (b. 1952?)
23 Mar 2007 - Timothy J.
Keating (b. 1948)
Commanders-in-chief
1
Oct 2002 - 5 Nov 2004 Ralph E.
Eberhart
(b. 1946)
5 Nov 2004 - 23 Mar 2007 Timothy J. Keating (b. 1948)
23 Mar 2007 - Victor E. "Gene" Renuart,
Jr. (b. 1949)
Jul 1917
Panama Canal Department.
10 Feb 1941
Caribbean Defense Command.
1 Nov 1947
U.S. Caribbean Command.
6 Jun 1963
U.S. Southern Command.
Commanders-in-chief
Jul 1917 - Aug 1917
Edward H. Plummer
(b. 1855 - d. 1927)
Aug 1917
Adelbert Cronkhite
(b. 1861 - d. 1937)
Aug 1917 - Oct 1917
C.E. Lander
Oct 1917 - Feb 1918
W.W. Graves
Feb 1918 - Apr 1919
Richard M. Blatchford
(b. 1859 - d. 1934)
Apr 1919 - May 1921
Charles W. Kennedy
May 1921 - Oct 1921
B.B. Babbitt
Oct 1921 - Sep 1924
Samuel D. Sturgis
(b. 1861 - d. 1933)
Sep 1924 - Jan 1926
William Lassiter
(b. 1867 - d. 1959)
Jan 1926 - Apr 1928
Charles H. Martin
(b. 1863 - d. 1946)
Apr
1928 - Aug 1930
Malin
Craig
(b. 1875 - d. 1945)
Aug 1930 - Nov 1930
L.R. Erwin
Nov
1930 - Sep 1933
Preston
Brown
(b. 1872 - d. 1948)
Sep 1933 - Nov
1935 Harold B.
Fiske
(b. 1871 - d. 1960)
Nov
1935 - Jul 1936
Lytle
Brown
(b. 1872 - d. 1951)
Jul 1936 - Feb
1937 Henry W.
Butner
(b. 1875 - d. 1937)
Feb 1937 - Apr 1937
Frank W. Rowell
Apr 1937 - Jan 1940
David L. Stone
Jan 1940 - Sep 1941
Daniel Van Voorhis
(b. 1878 - d. 1956)
9
Sep 1941 - 8 Nov 1942 Frank M.
Andrews
(b. 1884 - d. 1943)
Nov 1942 - Oct 1945
George Howard Brett
(b. 1886 - d. 1963)
Oct
1945 - 28 Jun 1948 Willis D.
Crittenberger
(b. 1890 - d. 1980)
28 Jun 1948 - 1 Oct 1949
Matthew B. Ridgway
(b. 1895 - d. 1993)
1 Oct 1949 - 1 Apr 1952 William Morris, Jr.
1
Apr 1952 - 15 Jun 1954 Horace L. McBride
(b. 1894 - d. 1962)
15
Jun 1954 - 5 Jan 1957 William K.
Harrison
(b. 1895 - d. 1987)
5 Jan 1957 - 20 Feb 1958
Robert M. Montague
(b. 1899 - d. 1958)
20 Feb 1958 - 1 Apr 1958
Truman H. Landon
(b. 1905 - d. 1986)
1
Apr 1958 - 15 Jul 1960 Ridgely
Gaither
(b. 1903 - d. 1992)
15
Jul 1960 - 1 Feb 1961 Robert F.
Sink
(b. 1905 - d. 1965)
1 Feb 1961 - 22 Feb 1965
Andrew P. O'Meara
(b. 1907 - d. 2005)
22 Feb 1965 - 18 Feb 1969 Robert
W. Porter, Jr.
(b. 1908 - d. 2000)
18
Feb 1969 - 20 Sep 1971 George R. Mather
(b. 1911 - d. 1993)
20 Sep 1971 - 17 Jan 1973 George V. Underwood, Jr. (b. 1913 - d. 1984)
17
Jan 1973 - 1 Aug 1975 William B.
Rosson
(b. 1918 - d. 2004)
1 Aug 1975 - 1 Oct
1979 Dennis P. McAuliffe
(b. 1922)
1 Oct 1979 - 24 May 1983 Wallace H. Nutting (b. 1928)
24
May 1983 - 1 Mar 1985 Paul F. Gorman
(b. 1927)
1
Mar 1985 - 6 Jun
1987 John Galvin
(b. 1929)
6
Jun 1987 - 1 Oct 1989 Fred F.
Woerner
(b. 1933)
1 Oct 1989 - 21 Nov 1990 Maxwell
R. Thurman
(b. 1931 - d. 1995)
21 Nov 1990 - 17 Feb 1994
George A. Joulwan
(b. 1939)
17
Feb 1994 - Mar 1996 Barry
McCaffrey
(b. 1942)
Mar 1996 - 26 Jun 1996 James B. Perkins
III (acting) (b. 1942)
26
Jun 1996 - Jul 1997 Wesley K.
Clark
(b. 1944)
Jul 1997 - Sep 1997
Walter F. Doran (acting)
(b. 1945)
Sep 1997 - 8 Sep 2000 Charles E.
Wilhelm
(b. 1941)
8
Sep 2000 - 1 Oct
2001 Peter Pace
(b. 1945)
1 Oct 2001 - 18 Aug 2002 Gary
D. Speer (acting)
(b. 1950)
18
Aug 2002 - 9 Nov
2004 James T. Hill
(b. 1946)
9 Nov 2004 - 19 Oct 2006 Bantz J.
Craddock
(b. 1949)
19 Oct 2006 - 25 Jun 2009 James G. Stavridis
(b. 1955)
25 Jun 2009 - Douglas M.
Fraser (b.
1953)
Post Office Department
|
|
![[Postmaster General's former flag]](eu_post.gif)
![[U.S. Postal Service flag]](usps.gif)
United States Postal Service (USPS)
26 Jul 1775
Office of Postmaster General created by Congress.
9 Mar 1829
Postmaster General becomes a cabinet member.
8 Jun 1872
Post Office Department formally established as an
executive department.
1 Jul 1971
U.S. Postal Service (USPS), no longer a cabinet post.
Postmaster Generals
26
Jul 1775 - 7 Nov 1776 Benjamin
Franklin
(b. 1706 - d. 1790)
7
Nov 1776 - 28 Jan 1782
Richard Bache
(b. 1737 - d. 1811)
28
Jan 1782 - 26 Sep 1789 Ebenezer
Hazard
(b. 1744 - d. 1817)
26
Sep 1789 - 12 Aug 1791
Samuel Osgood
(b. 1747 - d. 1813)
12 Aug 1791 - 25 Feb 1795
Timothy Pickering
(b. 1745 - d. 1829)
25 Feb 1795 - 28 Nov 1801
Joseph Habersham
(b. 1751 - d. 1815)
28
Nov 1801 - 16 Mar 1814 Gideon
Granger
(b. 1767 - d. 1822)
17 Mar 1814 - 26 Jun 1823 Return Jonathan Meigs, Jr.
(b. 1764 - d. 1824)
26
Jun 1823 - 3 Mar
1829 John McLean
(b. 1785 - d. 1861)
9 Mar 1829 - 1 May
1835 William Taylor Barry
(b. 1785 - d. 1835)
1
May 1835 - 19 May 1840
Amos Kendall
(b. 1789 - d. 1869)
19 May 1840 - 3 Mar 1841
John Milton Niles
(b. 1787 - d. 1856)
6
Mar 1841 - 13 Sep 1841 Francis
Granger
(b. 1792 - d. 1868)
13 Sep 1841 - 3 Mar 1845 Charles Anderson Wickliffe
(b. 1788 - d. 1869)
6
Mar 1845 - 3 Mar
1849 Cave Johnson
(b. 1793 - d. 1866)
8
Mar 1849 - 23 Jul 1850 Jacob
Collamer
(b. 1791 - d. 1865)
23 Jul 1850 - 31 Aug 1852
Nathan Kelsey Hall
(b. 1810 - d. 1874)
31 Aug 1852 - 3 Mar 1853 Samuel Dickinson Hubbard
(b. 1799 - d. 1855)
7
Mar 1853 - 3 Mar 1857 James
Campbell
(b. 1812 - d. 1893)
6 Mar 1857 - 14 Mar 1859
Aaron Venable Brown
(b. 1795 - d. 1859)
14
Mar 1859 - 12 Feb 1861
Joseph Holt
(b. 1807 - d. 1894)
12
Feb 1861 -
3 Mar 1861 Horatio King
(b. 1811 - d. 1897)
5 Mar 1861 - 24 Sep 1864
Montgomery Blair
(b. 1813 - d. 1883)
24 Sep 1864 - 25 Jul 1866
William Dennison, Jr.
(b. 1815 - d. 1882)
25 Jul 1866 - 3 Mar 1869 Alexander Williams Randall
(b. 1819 - d. 1872)
5 Mar 1869 - 3 Jul 1874 John Angel James Creswell
(b. 1828 - d. 1891)
3
Jul 1874 - 24 Aug 1874 James W.
Marshall
(b. 1822 - d. 1910)
24
Aug 1874 - 12 Jul 1876 Marshall
Jewell
(b. 1825 - d. 1883)
12 Jul 1876 - 3 Mar 1877
James Noble Tyner
(b. 1826 - d. 1904)
12 Mar 1877 - 2 Jun 1880
David McKendree Key
(b. 1814 - d. 1882)
2
Jun 1880 - 3 Mar 1881 Horace
Maynard
(b. 1814 - d. 1882)
5 Mar 1881 - 20 Dec 1881
Thomas Lemuel James
(b. 1831 - d. 1916)
20 Dec 1881 - 3 Apr 1883
Timothy Otis Howe
(b. 1816 - d. 1883)
3 Apr 1883 - 14 Oct 1884
Walter Quintin Gresham
(b. 1832 - d. 1895)
14
Oct 1884 - 3 Mar
1885 Frank Hatton
(b. 1846 - d. 1894)
6 Mar 1885 - 6 Jan
1888 William Freeman Vilas
(b. 1840 - d. 1908)
6 Jan 1888 - 3 Mar 1889 Donald McDonald Dickinson
(b. 1846 - d. 1916)
5
Mar 1889 - 3 Mar
1893 John Wanamaker
(b. 1838 - d. 1922)
6 Mar 1893 - 1 Mar
1895 Wilson Shannon Bissell
(b. 1847 - d. 1903)
1 Mar 1895 - 3 Mar
1897 William Lyne Wilson
(b. 1843 - d. 1900)
5 Mar 1897 - 21 Apr 1898
James Albert Gary
(b. 1833 - d. 1920)
21 Apr 1898 - 9 Jan 1902
Charles Emory Smith
(b. 1842 - d. 1902)
9 Jan 1902 - 10 Oct 1904
Henry Clay Payne
(b. 1843 - d. 1904)
10 Oct 1904 - 3 Mar 1905
Robert John Wynne
(b. 1851 - d. 1905)
6 Mar 1905 - 15 Jan 1907
George Bruce Cortelyou
(b. 1862 - d. 1940)
15 Jan 1907 - 3 Mar 1909 George von Lengerke Meyer
(b. 1858 - d. 1918)
5
Mar 1909 - 3 Mar 1913 Frank Harris Hitchcock
(b. 1868 - d. 1935)
5 Mar 1913 - 3 Mar
1921 Albert Sidney Burleson
(b. 1863 - d. 1937)
5 Mar 1921 - 4 Mar
1922 Will Harrison Hays
(b. 1879 - d. 1954)
4
Mar 1922 - 27 Feb 1923
Hubert Work
(b. 1860 - d. 1942)
27
Feb 1923 -
3 Mar 1929 Harry S. New
(b. 1858 - d. 1937)
5
Mar 1929 - 3 Mar 1933 Walter F.
Brown
(b. 1869 - d. 1961)
4 Mar 1933 - 10 Sep 1940
James Aloysius Farley
(b. 1888 - d. 1976)
10 Sep 1940 - 8 May 1945
Frank Comerford Walker
(b. 1886 - d. 1959)
8 May 1945 - 16 Dec 1947
Robert Emmet Hennegan
(b. 1903 - d. 1949)
16 Dec 1947 - 20 Jan 1953 Jesse Monroe Donaldson
(b. 1885 - d. 1970)
21 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961 Arthur Ellsworth Summerfield
(b. 1899 - d. 1972)
21
Jan 1961 - 30 Sep 1963
J. Edward Day
(b. 1914 - d. 1996)
30 Sep 1963 - 3 Nov 1965
John Austin Gronouski
(b. 1919 - d. 1996)
3 Nov 1965 - 26 Apr 1968 Lawrence Francis O'Brien
(b. 1917 - d. 1990)
26 Apr 1968 - 20 Jan 1969 W. Marvin Watson
(b. 1924)
22
Jan 1969 - 1 Jan 1972 Winton M.
Blount
(b. 1921 - d. 2002)
1
Jan 1972 - 16 Feb 1975
E.T. Klassen
(b. 1908 - d. 1990)
16 Feb 1975 - 15 Mar 1978
Benjamin F. Bailar
(b. 1934)
15 Mar 1978 - 1 Jan 1985 William
F. Bolger
(b. 1923 - d. 1989)
1
Jan 1985 - 7 Jan 1986 Paul N.
Carlin
(b. 1931)
7 Jan 1986 - 16 Aug 1986 Albert
V. Casey
(b. 1920 - d. 2004)
16 Aug 1986 - 1 Mar 1988
Preston Robert Tisch
(b. 1926 - d. 2005)
1
Mar 1988 - 6 Jul 1992 Anthony M.
Frank
(b. 1931)
6 Jul 1992 - 16 May 1998 Marvin
T. Runyon
(b. 1924 - d. 2004)
16 May 1998 - 1 Jun 2001
William J. Henderson
(b. 1947)
1
Jun 2001
-
John E.
Potter
(b. 1956)
Department of the Treasury
![[Flag of the Department of the Treasury, 1887-1915]](us-trs1887.gif)
1887 - 1915
|
![[Flag of the Department of the Treasury, 1915-1963]](us_sctrs.gif)
1915 - 11 Jan 1963
|
![[Flag of the Department of the Treasury]](us_tres.gif)
Adopted 11 Jan 1963
|
2 Sep 1789 Department of the Treasury
Secretaries
11
Sep 1789 - 31 Jan 1795 Alexander
Hamilton
(b. 1757 - d. 1804)
3 Feb 1797 - 31 Dec 1800
Oliver Wolcott, Jr.
(b. 1760 - d. 1833)
1
Jan 1801 - 13 May 1801
Samuel Dexter
(b. 1761 - d. 1816)
14
May 1801 - 8 Feb 1814 Albert
Gallatin
(b. 1761 - d. 1849)
9 Feb 1814 - 5 Oct
1814 George W. Campbell
(b. 1769 - d. 1848)
6 Oct 1814 - 21 Oct 1816
Alexander J. Dallas
(b. 1759 - d. 1817)
22 Oct 1816 - 4 Mar 1825
William H. Crawford
(b. 1772 - d. 1834)
7
Mar 1825 - 4 Mar
1829 Richard Rush
(b. 1780 - d. 1859)
6 Mar 1829 - 20 Jun 1831
Samuel D. Ingham
(b. 1779 - d. 1860)
8
Aug 1831 - 28 May 1833
Louis McLane
(b. 1786 - d. 1857)
29 May 1833 - 22 Sep 1833
William J. Duane
(b. 1780 - d. 1865)
23
Sep 1833 - 25 Jun 1834 Roger B.
Taney
(b. 1777 - d. 1864)
1
Jul 1834 - 4 Mar 1841
Levi Woodbury
(b. 1789 - d. 1851)
4
Mar 1841
- 11 Sep 1841 Thomas Ewing
(b. 1789 - d. 1871)
13
Sep 1841 - 1 Mar 1843 Walter
Forward
(b. 1786 - d. 1852)
8
Mar 1843 - 2 May 1844 John C.
Spencer
(b. 1788 - d. 1855)
4
Jul 1844 - 4 Mar 1845 George M.
Bibb
(b. 1776 - d. 1859)
8
Mar 1845 - 4 Mar 1849 Robert J.
Walker
(b. 1801 - d. 1869)
8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850
William M. Meredith
(b. 1799 - d. 1873)
23
Jul 1850 - 4 Mar
1853 Thomas Corwin
(b. 1794 - d. 1865)
7
Mar 1853
- 4 Mar 1857 James
Guthrie
(b. 1792 - d. 1869)
7
Mar 1857
- 8 Dec 1860 Howell
Cobb
(b. 1815 - d. 1868)
12 Dec 1860 - 14 Jan 1861
Philipp F. Thomas
(b. 1810 - d. 1890)
15
Jan 1861 - 4 Mar
1861 John A. Dix
(b. 1789 - d. 1879)
7
Mar 1861 - 30 Jun 1864 Salmon P.
Chase
(b. 1808 - d. 1873)
5 Jul 1864 - 4 Mar
1865 William P. Fessenden
(b. 1806 - d. 1869)
9 Mar 1865 - 4 Mar 1869 Hugh McCulloch (1st
time) (b. 1808 - d.
1895)
12
Mar 1869 - 16 Mar 1873 George S.
Boutwell
(b. 1818 - d. 1905)
17 Mar 1873 - 3 Jun 1874
William A. Richardson
(b. 1821 - d. 1896)
4 Jun 1874 - 20 Jun 1876
Benjamin H. Bristow
(b. 1832 - d. 1890)
7
Jul 1876 - 4 Mar 1877 Lot M.
Morrill
(b. 1813 - d. 1883)
10
Mar 1877 - 4 Mar 1881
John Sherman
(b. 1823 - d. 1900)
8 Mar 1881 - 13 Nov 1881 William H. Windom (1st time)
(b. 1827 - d. 1891)
14
Nov 1881 - 4 Sep 1884 Charles J.
Folger
(b. 1818 - d. 1884)
5 Sep 1884 - 30 Oct 1884
Walter Q. Gresham
(b. 1832 - d. 1895)
31 Oct 1884 - 7 Mar 1885 Hugh McCulloch (2nd time)
(s.a.)
8
Mar 1885 - 31 Mar 1887 Daniel
Manning
(b. 1831 - d. 1887)
1 Apr 1887 - 3 Mar
1889 Charles S. Fairchild
(b. 1842 - d. 1924)
7 Mar 1889 - 29 Jan 1891 William H. Windom (2nd time)
(s.a.)
25
Feb 1891 - 6 Mar 1893 Charles
Foster
(b. 1828 - d. 1904)
7
Mar 1893 - 5 Mar 1897 John G.
Carlisle
(b. 1835 - d. 1910)
6
Mar 1897 - 31 Jan 1902
Lyman J. Gage
(b. 1836 - d. 1927)
1
Feb 1902 - 4 Mar 1907 Leslie M.
Shaw
(b. 1848 - d. 1932)
4 Mar 1907 - 4 Mar
1909 George B. Cortelyou
(b. 1862 - d. 1940)
8
Mar 1909 - 4 Mar 1913 Franklin
MacVeagh
(b. 1837 - d. 1934)
6 Mar 1913 - 15 Dec 1918
William G. McAdoo
(b. 1863 - d. 1941)
16
Dec 1918 - 1 Feb
1920 Carter Glass
(b. 1858 - d. 1946)
2
Feb 1920 - 4 Mar 1921 David F.
Houston
(b. 1866 - d. 1940)
4 Mar 1921 - 12 Feb 1932
Andrew W. Mellon
(b. 1855 - d. 1937)
13
Feb 1932 - 4 Mar 1933 Ogden L.
Mills
(b. 1884 - d. 1937)
5 Mar 1933 - 17 Nov 1933
William H. Woodin
(b. 1868 - d. 1934)
17 Nov 1933 - 22 Jul 1945
Henry Morgenthau, Jr.
(b. 1891 - d. 1967)
(acting to 1 Jan
1934)
23
Jul 1945 - 23 Jun 1946 Fred M.
Vinson
(b. 1890 - d. 1953)
25
Jun 1946 - 20 Jan 1953 John W.
Snyder
(b. 1895 - d. 1985)
21 Jan 1953 - 29 Jul 1957
George M. Humphrey
(b. 1890 - d. 1970)
29 Jul 1957 - 20 Jan 1961
Robert B. Anderson
(b. 1910 - d. 1989)
21 Jan 1961 - 1 Apr 1965
C. Douglas Dillon
(b. 1909 - d. 2003)
1
Apr 1965 - 20 Dec 1968 Henry H.
Fowler
(b. 1908 - d. 2000)
21
Dec 1968 - 20 Jan 1969 Joseph W.
Barr
(b. 1918 - d. 1996)
22 Jan 1969 - 10 Feb 1971
David M. Kennedy
(b. 1905 - d. 1996)
11 Feb 1971 - 12 Jun 1972
John B. Connally
(b. 1917 - d. 1993)
12 Jun 1972 - 8 May 1974
George P. Shultz
(b. 1920)
8 May 1974 - 20 Jan 1977 William
E. Simon
(b. 1927 - d. 2000)
23 Jan 1977 - 4 Aug 1979
Michael Blumenthal
(b. 1926)
7 Aug 1979 - 20 Jan 1981 G.
William Miller
(b. 1925 - d. 2006)
22 Jan 1981 - 1 Feb 1985
Donald Thomas Regan
(b. 1918 - d. 2003)
4 Feb 1985 - 17 Aug 1988 James Addison Baker III
(b. 1930)
15
Sep 1988 - 17 Jan 1993 Nicholas F.
Brady
(b. 1930)
20 Jan 1993 - 22 Dec 1994 Lloyd M.
Bentsen
(b. 1921 - d. 2006)
22 Dec 1994 - 11 Jan 1995 Frank N. Newman (acting) (b. 1942)
11
Jan 1995 - 2 Jul 1999 Robert E.
Rubin
(b. 1938)
2 Jul 1999 - 20 Jan 2001 Lawrence
H. Summers
(b. 1954)
20
Jan 2001 - 31 Dec 2002
Paul O'Neill
(b. 1935)
1 Jan 2003 - 3 Feb 2003
Kenneth W. Dam (acting)
(b. 1932)
3
Feb 2003 - 29 Jun 2006
John Snow
(b. 1939)
29 Jun 2006 - 10 Jul 2006 Robert M. Kimmitt (acting)
(b. 1947)
10 Jul 2006 - 20 Jan 2009
Henry "Hank" Merritt Paulson, Jr. (b. 1946)
20 Jan 2009 - 26 Jan 2009 Stuart A. Levey (acting)
26 Jan 2009 - Timothy "Tim"
F. Geithner (b. 1961)
Treasurers of the United States
29
Jul 1775 - 11 Sep 1789 Michael
Hillegas
(b. 1729 - d. 1804)
+ George Clymer (to 6 Aug 1776) (b. 1739 - d. 1813)
11
Sep 1789 - 31 Oct 1801 Samuel
Meredith
(b. 1741 - d. 1817)
1 Dec 1801 - 2 May 1828 Thomas T. Tucker
(b. 1745 - d. 1828)
4 Jun 1828 - 26 May 1829 William Clark
(b. 1774 - d. 1851)
26 May 1829 - 20 Jul 1839 John Campbell
22
Jul 1839 - 23 Nov 1850 William Selden
(b. 1791 - d. 1874)
27
Nov 1850 - 1 Apr 1853 John Sloane
(b. 1779 - d. 1856)
4 Apr 1853 - 22 Dec 1859 Samuel Casey
28 Feb 1860 - 16 Mar 1861 William C. Price
16 Mar
1861 - 30 Jun 1875 Francis E.
Spinner
(b. 1802 - d. 1890)
30 Jun 1875 - 1 Jul 1876 John C. New
1 Jul 1876 - 30 Jun 1877 Albert U. Wyman (1st time) (b. 1833 - d. 1915)
1
Jul 1877 - 31 Mar 1883 James Gilfillan
(b. 1836 - d. 1929)
1 Apr 1883 - 30 Apr 1885 Albert U. Wyman (2nd time) (s.a.)
1 May 1885 - 23 May 1887 Conrad N. Jordan
24 May 1887 - 3 Mar 1889 James W. Hyatt
11 May 1889 - 13 Apr 1891 J.N. Huston
25
Apr 1891 - 31 May 1893 Enos H. Nebecker
(b. 18.. - d. 1913)
1 Jun 1893 - 30 Jun 1897 Daniel N. Morgan
1
Jul 1897 - 30 Jun 1905 Ellis H. Roberts
(b. 1827 - d. 1918)
1
Jul 1905 - 30 Oct 1909 Charles H. Treat
(b. 1842 - d. 1910)
1
Nov 1909 - 21 Nov 1912 Lee McClung
(b. 1870 - d. 1914)
22
Nov 1912 - 31 Mar 1913 Carmi A. Thompson
(b. 1870 - d. 1942)
1
Apr 1913 - 5 Jan
1921 John Burke
(b. 1859 - d. 1937)
2 May 1921 - 1 May 1928 Frank White
(b. 1856 - d. 1940)
31 May 1928 - 17 Jan 1929 Harold Theodore Tate
18 Jan 1929 - 31 May 1933 Walter O. Woods
1
Jun 1933 - 29 May 1949 William A.
Julian
(b. 1860 - d. 1949)
21 Jun 1949 - 27 Jan 1953 Georgia Neese Clark (f)
(b. 1900 - d. 1995)
28
Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961 Ivy Baker Priest
(f)
(b. 1905 - d. 1975)
31 Jan 1961 - 13 Apr 1962 Elizabeth Rudel Smith (f)
(b. 1911 - d. 1997)
9 Jan 1963 - 20 Nov 1966 Kathryn O'Hay Granahan (f)
(b. 1894 - d. 1979)
8 May 1969 - 3 Jul 1971 Dorothy Andrews Elston
(f) (b. 1917 - d. 1971)
(from 17 Sep 1970,
Dorothy Andrews Elston Kabis)
17 Dec 1971 - 14 Feb 1974 Romana Acosta Banuelos
(f) (b. 1925)
21
Jun 1974 - 19 Jan 1977 Francine Irving Neff
(f)
(b. 1925)
12 Sep 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Azie Taylor Morton (f)
(b. 1936 - d. 2003)
20
Mar 1981 - 5 Jul 1983 Angela M. Buchanan (f)
(b. 1948)
26 Sep 1983 - 1 Jul 1989 Katherine Davalos Ortega
(f) (b. 1934)
11 Dec 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Catalina Vasquez Villalpando (f)
(b. 1940)
1
Mar 1994 - 20 Jan 2001 Mary Ellen Withrow (f)
(b. 1930)
16 Aug 2001 - 30 Jun 2003 Rosario
Marin (f)
(b. 1958)
19 Jan 2005 - 20 Jan 2009
Anna Escobedo Cabral (f)
(b. 1959)
20 Aug 2009 - Rosa "Rosie" Gumataotao Rios (f) (b. 1966)
Comptrollers of the Currency
9 May 1863 - 8 Mar 1865 Hugh McCulloch (b. 1808 - d.
1895)
21 Mar 1865 - 24 Jul 1866 Freeman Clarke
(b. 1809 - d. 1887)
1 Feb 1867 - 3 Apr 1872 Hiland R. Hulburd
25 Apr 1872 - 30 Apr 1884 John Jay Knox
(b. 1828 - d. 1892)
12 May 1884 - 1 Mar 1886 Henry W. Cannon
20 Apr 1886 - 30 Apr 1889 William L. Trenholm (b. 1836 - d. 1901)
1 May 1889 - 30 Jun 1892 Edward S. Lacey
(b. 1835 - d. 1916)
2 Aug 1892 - 25 Apr 1893 A. Barton Hepburn
(b. 1846 - d. 1922)
26 Apr 1893 - 31 Dec 1897 James H. Eckels
(b. 1858 - d. 1907)
1 Jan 1898 - 30 Sep 1901 Charles G. Dawes
(b. 1865 - d. 1951)
1 Oct 1901 - 28 Mar 1908 William Barret Ridgely (b. 1858 - d. 1920)
27 Apr 1908 - 27 Apr 1913 Lawrence O. Murray (b. 1864 - d. 1926)
2 Feb 1914 - 2 Mar 1921 John Skelton Williams
(b. 1865 - d. 1926)
17 Mar 1921 - 30 Mar 1923 Daniel Richard Crissinger
(b. 1860 - d. 1942)
1 May 1923 - 17 Dec 1924 Henry M. Dawes
20 Dec 1924 - 20 Nov 1928 Joseph W. McIntosh
21 Nov 1928 - 20 Sep 1932 John W. Pole
11 May 1933 - 16 Apr 1938 James Francis Thaddeus O'Connor (b. 1884 - d. 1949)
24 Oct 1938 - 15 Feb 1953 Preston Delano
16 Apr 1953 - 15 Nov 1961 Ray M. Gidney
(b. 1887 - d. 19..)
16 Nov 1961 - 15 Nov 1966 James J. Saxon
16 Nov 1966 - 23 Mar 1973 William B. Camp
5 Jul 1973 - 31 Jul 1976 James E. Smith
21 Jul 1977 - 15 May 1981 John G. Heimann (b. 1929?)
16 Dec 1981 - 4 May 1985 C. Todd Conover
2 Dec 1985 - 29 Feb 1992 Robert L. Clarke
5 Apr 1993 - 4 Apr 1998 Eugene A. Ludwig
4 Apr 1998 - 8 Dec 1998 Julie L. Williams (f) (1st time)
(acting)
8 Dec 1998 - 14 Oct 2004 John D. Hawke, Jr. (b. 1933)
14 Oct 2004 - 4 Aug 2005 Julie L. Williams (f) (2nd time)
(acting)
4 Aug 2005 - John C.
Dugan
(b. 1955)
Internal Revenue Service
![[Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Logo]](us_irs.gif)
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
8 May 1792
Revenue Commission established.
6 Apr 1802
Disbanded.
24 Jul 1813
Revenue Commission restored.
31 Dec 1817
Disbanded.
1 Jul 1862
Internal Revenue Service created.
Commissioners
30
Jun 1792 - Dec 1797
Tench Coxe
(b. 1755 - d. 1825)
Dec 1797 - Jan 1798 Vacant
Jan 1798 - 6 Apr 1802 William Miller
6 Apr 1802 - 24 Jul 1813 Post abolished
29 Jul 1813 - 1817?
Samuel Harrison Smith
(b. 1771 - d. 1845)
31 Dec 1817 - 17 Jul 1862 Post abolished
17
Jul 1862 - 4 Mar 1863 George Sewall Boutwell
(b. 1818 - d. 1905)
5 Mar 1863 - 30 Jun 1865 Joseph J. Lewis
(acting to 17 Mar 1863)
1
Jul 1865 - 31 Oct 1865
William Orton
(b. 1826 - d. 1878)
1 Nov 1865 - 10 Mar 1869
Edward Aashton Rollins
(b. 1828 - d. 1885)
11
Mar 1869 - 31 Oct 1870 Columbus
Delano
(b. 1809 - d. 1896)
1 Nov 1870 - 2 Jan 1871 John Watkinson Douglass
(1st time) (b. 1827 - d. 1909)
(acting)
3 Jan 1871 - 8 Aug 1871
Alfred Pleasonton
(b. 1824 - d. 1897)
9 Aug 1871 - 14 May 1875 John Watinkson Douglass (2nd
time) (s.a.)
15
May 1875 - 1 Aug 1876 Daniel Darwin
Pratt
(b. 1813 - d. 1877)
2 Aug 1876 - 30 Apr 1883
Green Berry Raum
(b. 1829 - d. 1909)
1 May 1883 - 10 May 1883 Henry C. Rogers (1st time)(acting)
11 May 1883 - 20 May 1883 John J. Knox (acting)
21
May 1883 - 19 Mar 1885
Walter Evans
(b. 1842 - d. 1923)
20 Mar 1885 - 20 Mar 1889 Joseph S. Miller (1st time)
21 Mar 1889 - 18 Apr 1893 John W. Mason
19 Apr 1893 - 26 Nov 1896 Joseph S. Miller (2nd time)
27 Nov 1896 - 31 Dec 1897 Willaim St. John Forman
(b. 1847 - d. 1908)
1
Jan 1898 - 28 Feb 1899 Nathan Bay
Scott
(b. 1842 - d. 1924)
1 Mar 1899 - 27 Nov 1900
George West Wilson
(b. 1859 - d. 1908)
28 Nov 1900 - 19 Dec 1900 Robert Williams, Jr. (acting)
20
Dec 1900 - 30 Apr 1907 John Watson
Yerkes
(b. 1854 - d. 1922)
1 May 1907 - 4 Jun 1907 Henry C. Rogers (2nd
time)(acting)
5
Jun 1907 - 31 Aug 1909 John Gendron
Capers
(b. 1866 - d. 19..)
1
Sep 1909 - 27 Apr 1913 Royal E.
Cabell
(b. 1878 - d. 19..)
28 Apr 1913 - 25 Sep 1917
William H. Osborn
(b. 1856 - d. 1921)
26 Sep 1917 - 31 Mar 1920
Daniel Calhoun Roper
(b. 1867 - d. 1943)
1 Apr 1920 - 11 Apr 1921 William M. Williams
12 Apr 1921 - 26 May 1921 Millard F. West (acting)
27 May 1921 - 31 May 1929 David H. Blair
1
Jun 1929 - 15 Aug 1930 Robert Hendry
Lucas
(b. 1888 - d. 1947)
16 Aug 1930 - 19 Aug 1930 H.F. Mires (acting)
20 Aug 1930 - 15 May 1933 David Burnet
16 May 1933 - 5 Jun 1933 Pressly Reid Baldridge (acting)
(b. 1897 - d. 1956)
6
Jun 1933 - 8 Oct 1943 Guy Tresilian Helvering
(b. 1878 - d. 1946)
9 Oct 1943 - 22 Jan 1944
Robert Emmet Hannegan
(b. 1903 - d. 1949)
23 Jan 1944 - 29 Feb 1944 Harold N. Graves (acting)
1
Mar 1944 - 30 Jun 1947 Joseph Daly Nunan, Jr.
(b. 1897 - d. 1968)
1 Jul 1947 - 31 Jul 1951 George J. Schoeneman
1 Aug 1951 - 18 Nov 1952 John B. Dunlap
19 Nov 1952 - 19 Jan 1953 John S. Graham (acting)
20 Jan 1953 - 3 Feb 1953 Justin F. Winkle (acting)
4
Feb 1953 - 31 Oct 1955 T. Coleman
Andrews
(b. 1899 - d. 1983)
1 Nov 1955 - 4 Dec 1955 O. Gordon Delk (1st
time) (acting)
5 Dec 1955 - 30 Sep 1958 Russell C. Harrington
1 Oct 1958 - 4 Nov 1958 O. Gordon Delk (2nd
time) (acting)
5 Nov 1958 - 20 Jan 1961 Dana Latham
21 Jan 1961 - 6 Feb 1961 Charles I. Fox (acting)
7 Feb 1961 - 10 Jul 1964 Mortimer M. Caplin (b. c.1915)
11 Jul 1964 - 24 Jan 1965 Bertrand M. Harding (acting)
25 Jan 1965 - 20 Jan 1969 Sheldon S. Cohen
21 Jan 1969 - 31 Mar 1969 William H. Smith (acting)
1
Apr 1969 - 22 Jun 1971 Randolph W.
Thrower
(b. 1913)
23 Jun 1971 - 5 Aug 1971 Harold T. Swartz (acting)
6 Aug 1971 - 30 Apr 1973 Johnnie M. Walters
1 May 1973 - 25 May 1973 Raymond F. Harless (acting)
25
May 1973 - 26 Feb 1977 Donald C.
Alexander
(b. 1921)
27 Feb 1977 - 4 May 1977 William E. Williams (1st
time)
(acting)
5
May 1977 - 31 Oct 1980
Jerome Kurtz
(b. 1931)
1 Nov 1980 - 13 Mar 1981 William E. Williams (2nd
time)
(acting)
14 Mar 1981 - 30 Apr 1986 Roscoe L.
Egger, Jr.
(b. 1920 - d. 1999)
1 May 1986 - 3 Aug 1986 James I. Owens (acting)
4
Aug 1986 - 4 Mar 1989 Lawrence B.
Gibbs
(b. 1938)
5 Mar 1989 - 4 Jul 1989 Michael J. Murphy (acting)
5
Jul 1989 - 2 Feb 1992 Fred Goldberg,
Jr.
(b. 1947)
3 Feb 1992 - 20 Jan 1993 Shirley D. Peterson (f)
(b. 1941)
21 Jan 1993 - 26 May 1993 Michael P. Dolan (1st time)
(acting)
27 May 1993 - 31 May 1997 Margaret Milner Richardson (f)
(b. 1943)
1 Jun 1997 - 12 Nov 1997 Michael P. Dolan (2nd time)
(acting)
13 Nov 1997 - 6 Nov 2002 Charles
O. Rossotti
(b. 1941)
6 Nov 2002 - 1 May 2003 Robert E. Wenzel (acting)
1
May 2003 - 4 May 2007 Mark W.
Everson
(b. 1954)
4 May 2007 - 10 Sep 2007 Kevin M. Brown (acting)
10 Sep 2007 - 24 Mar 2008 Linda E. Stiff (f) (acting)
24 Mar 2008 - Douglas H.
Shulman (b. 1967?)
U.S. Mint
2 Apr 1792
Mint of the United States established.
3
Mar 1835
Under the Department of the Treasury
supervision.
12 Feb 1873
Part of the Department of the Treasury (Bureau of the Mint).
9 Jan 1984 Renamed U.S. Mint.
Directors
Apr 1792 - Jun 1795
David Rittenhouse
(b. 1732 - d. 1796)
Jul 1795 - Oct 1795
Henry William de Saussure
(b. 1763 - d. 1839)
Oct
1795 - Jul 1805 Elias
Boudinot
(b. 1740 - d. 1821)
Jan 1806 - Jul 1824
Robert Patterson
(b. 1743 - d. 1824)
Jul
1824 - Jul 1835
Samuel
Moore
(b. 1774 - d. 1861)
Jul 1835 - Jul 1851
Robert Maskell Patterson
(b. 1787 - d. 1854)
Jul 1851 - Apr 1853
George Nicholas Eckert
(b. 1802 - d. 1865)
Apr
1853 - 30 May 1853 Thomas McKean
Pettit
(b. 1797 - d. 1853)
Jun 1853 - Apr 1861
James Ross Snowden
(b. 1809 - d. 1878)
May 1861 - Sep 1866
James Pollock (1st time)
(b. 1811 - d. 1890)
Oct 1866 - Apr 1867
William Millward
(b. 1822 - d. 1871)
Apr 1867 - Apr 1869
Henry Richard Linderman (1st time) (b. 1825 - d. 1879)
May 1869 - Mar 1873
James Pollock (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Apr 1873 - Dec 1878
Henry Richard Linderman (2nd time) (s.a.)
Feb 1879 - Jun 1885
Horatio Chapin Burchard
(b. 1825 - d. 1908)
Jul 1885 - Oct 1889
James P. Kimball
Oct 1889 - May 1893
Edward Owen Leech
(b. 1850 - d. 19..)
Nov 1893 - Feb 1898
Robert Edward Preston
(b. 1860 - d. 19..)
Feb 1898 - Jul 1907
George E. Roberts (1st time) (b. 1857? - d. 19..)
Sep 1907 - Nov 1909
Frank Aleomon Leach
(b. 1846 - d. 19..)
Nov
1909 - Jun 1910 A. Piatt
Andrew
(b. 1873 - d. 1936)
Jul 1910 - Nov 1914
George E. Roberts (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar 1915 - Jul 1916
Robert W. Wooley
Sep 1916 - Feb 1917
Friedrich Johannes Hugo von
Engelken
Mar 1917 - Mar 1922
Raymond T. Baker
(b. 1877 - d. 1935)
Mar 1922 - Sep 1923
Frand Edeard Scobey
(b. 1866 - d. 1931)
Nov
1923 - May 1933 Robert J.
Grant
(b. 1862 - d. 1949)
May 1933 - Apr 1953
Nellie Davis Tayloe Ross (f) (b. 1876
- d. 1977)
Jul 1954 - Jan 1961
William Howard Brett
(b. 1893 - d. 1989)
Oct
1961 - Aug 1969
Eva
Adams (f)
(b. 1908 - d. 1991)
Sep 1969 - Feb 1977
Mary Elizabeth Brooks (f)
(b. 1907 - d. 2002)
Nov 1977 - Apr 1981
Stella Hackel Sims (f)
(b. 1926)
Jul
1981 - Aug 1991 Donna Pope
(f)
(b. 1931)
Sep 1992 - Nov 1993
David J. Ryder (b. 1955)
Jun 1994 - Mar 2000
Philip N. Diehl
Mar
2000 - Aug 2001 Jay W.
Johnson
(b. 1943 - d. 2009)
7 Aug 2001 - Aug 2005 Henrietta
Holsman Fore (f) (b. 1948)
Aug 2005 - 5 Sep 2006 David A. Lebryk
(acting)
5
Sep 2006
-
Edmund C.
Moy
(b. 1957)
Department of Justice
![[Flag of Department of Justice]](us_just.gif)
24 Sep 1789
Office of Attorney General
1 Mar 1792
Attorney General becomes a cabinet member.
22 Jun 1870
Department of Justice created.
Attorneys General
26
Sep 1789 - 26 Jan 1794 Edmund
Randolph
(b. 1753 - d. 1813)
27 Jan 1794 - 9 Dec 1795
William Bradford
(b. 1755 - d. 1795)
10
Dec 1795 - 19 Feb 1801
Charles Lee
(b. 1758 - d. 1815)
5
Mar 1801
- 2 Mar 1805 Levi
Lincoln
(b. 1749 - d. 1820)
3
Mar 1805
- 6 Aug 1805 Robert
Smith
(b. 1757 - d. 1842)
7 Aug 1805 - 14 Dec 1806
John Breckinridge
(b. 1760 - d. 1806)
20 Jan 1807 - 10 Dec 1811
Caesar A. Rodney
(b. 1772 - d. 1824)
11
Dec 1811 - 9 Feb 1814 William
Pinkney
(b. 1764 - d. 1822)
10
Feb 1814 - 12 Nov 1817
Richard Rush
(b. 1780 - d. 1859)
13
Nov 1817 -
4 Mar 1829 William Wirt
(b. 1772 - d. 1834)
9
Mar 1829 - 19 Jul 1831 John M.
Berrien
(b. 1781 - d. 1856)
20
Jul 1831 - 14 Nov 1833 Roger B.
Taney
(b. 1777 - d. 1864)
15 Nov 1833 - 4 Jul 1838
Benjamin F. Butler
(b. 1795 - d. 1858)
5
Jul 1838 - 10 Jan 1840
Felix Grundy
(b. 1777 - d. 1840)
11
Jan 1840 - 4 Mar 1841 Henry D.
Gilpin
(b. 1801 - d. 1860)
5 Mar 1841 - 12 Sep 1841 John J. Crittenden (1st time)
(b. 1786 - d. 1863)
13
Sep 1841 - 30 Jun 1843
Hugh S. Legaré
(b. 1797 - d. 1843)
1
Jul 1843
- 4 Mar 1845 John
Nelson
(b. 1794 - d. 1860)
5
Mar 1845
- 16 Oct 1846 John Y. Mason
(b. 1799 - d. 1859)
17
Oct 1846 - 17 Mar 1848 Nathan
Clifford
(b. 1803 - d. 1881)
21
Jun 1848 - 3 Mar 1849
Isaac Toucey
(b. 1792 - d. 1869)
8
Mar 1849 - 21 Jul 1850 Reverdy
Johnson
(b. 1796 - d. 1876)
22 Jul 1850 - 4 Mar 1853 John J. Crittenden (2nd time)
(s.a.)
7
Mar 1853 - 4 Mar
1857 Caleb Cushing
(b. 1800 - d. 1879)
6 Mar 1857 - 17 Dec 1860 Jeremiah Sullivan Black
(b. 1810 - d. 1883)
20 Dec 1860 - 4 Mar 1861 Edwin McMasters Stanton
(b. 1814 - d. 1869)
5
Mar 1861 - 21 Jan 1863
Edward Bates
(b. 1793 - d. 1869)
22 Jan 1863 - 1 Dec 1864
Titian James Coffey
(b. 1824 - d. 1867)
2
Dec 1864 - 22 Jul 1866
James Speed
(b. 1812 - d. 1887)
23
Jul 1866 - 16 Jul 1868 Henry
Stanberry
(b. 1803 - d. 1881)
17 Jul 1868 - 4 Mar 1869
William M. Evarts
(b. 1818 - d. 1901)
5 Mar 1869 - 22 Nov 1870
Ebenezer R. Hoar
(b. 1816 - d. 1895)
23
Nov 1870 - 13 Dec 1871 Amos T.
Akerman
(b. 1821 - d. 1880)
14 Dec 1871 - 25 Apr 1875
George H. Williams
(b. 1823 - d. 1910)
26 Apr 1875 - 21 May 1876
Edwards Pierrepont
(b. 1817 - d. 1892)
22
May 1876 - 4 Mar
1877 Alphonso Taft
(b. 1810 - d. 1891)
12
Mar 1877 - 4 Mar 1881 Charles
Devens
(b. 1820 - d. 1891)
5
Mar 1881 - 15 Dec 1881 Wayne
MacVeagh
(b. 1833 - d. 1917)
16 Dec 1882 - 4 Mar 1885
Benjamin H. Brewster
(b. 1816 - d. 1888)
6 Mar 1885 - 4 Mar
1889 Augustus H. Garland
(b. 1832 - d. 1899)
7 Mar 1889 - 4 Mar
1893 William H.H. Miller
(b. 1840 - d. 1917)
6
Mar 1893 - 7 Apr
1895 Richard Olney
(b. 1835 - d. 1917)
8
Apr 1895
- 4 Mar 1897 Judson
Harmon
(b. 1846 - d. 1927)
5
Mar 1897 - 25 Jan 1898 Joseph
McKenna
(b. 1843 - d. 1926)
25
Jan 1898 - 29 Mar 1901 John W.
Griggs
(b. 1849 - d. 1927)
9 Apr 1901 - 9 Jun
1904 Philander Chase Knox
(b. 1853 - d. 1921)
1 Jul 1904 - 17 Dec 1906
William H. Moody
(b. 1853 - d. 1917)
17 Dec 1906 - 4 Mar 1909
Charles J. Bonaparte
(b. 1851 - d. 1921)
4 Mar 1909 - 4 Mar
1913 George W. Wickersham
(b. 1858 - d. 1936)
5 Mar 1913 - 29 Aug 1914
James C. McReynolds
(b. 1862 - d. 1946)
29 Aug 1914 - 4 Mar 1919
Thomas W. Gregory
(b. 1861 - d. 1933)
5 Mar 1919 - 4 Mar
1921 A. Mitchell Palmer
(b. 1872 - d. 1936)
4 Mar 1921 - 6 Apr
1924 Harry M. Daugherty
(b. 1860 - d. 1941)
7 Apr 1924 - 1 Mar
1925 Harlan Fiske Stone
(b. 1872 - d. 1946)
7
Mar 1925 - 4 Mar 1929 John G.
Sargent
(b. 1860 - d. 1939)
4 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar
1933 William D. Mitchell
(b. 1874 - d. 1955)
4
Mar 1933 - 1 Jan 1939 Homer S.
Cummings
(b. 1870 - d. 1956)
2
Jan 1939 - 18 Jan 1940 Francis W.
Murphy
(b. 1890 - d. 1949)
18 Jan 1940 - 25 Aug 1941
Robert H. Jackson
(b. 1892 - d. 1954)
26
Aug 1941 - 26 Jun 1945 Francis
Biddle
(b. 1886 - d. 1968)
27
Jun 1945 - 26 Jul 1949 Thomas C.
Clark
(b. 1899 - d. 1977)
27 Jul 1949 - 3 Apr 1952
James Howard McGrath
(b. 1903 - d. 1966)
4 Apr 1952 - 20 Jan 1953
James P. McGranery
(b. 1895 - d. 1962)
21 Jan 1953 - 23 Oct 1957
Herbert Brownell, Jr.
(b. 1904 - d. 1996)
23 Oct 1957 - 20 Jan 1961
William P. Rogers
(b. 1913 - d. 2001)
20 Jan 1961 - 3 Sep 1964
Robert F. Kennedy
(b. 1925 - d. 1968)
4 Sep 1964 - 30 Sep 1966 Nicholas de Belleville Katzenbach
(b. 1922)
(acting to 28 Jan 1965)
28
Nov 1966
- 20 Jan 1969 Ramsey Clark
(b. 1927)
(acting to 10 Mar 1967)
20 Jan 1969 - 15 Feb 1972
John N. Mitchell
(b. 1913 - d. 1988)
15 Feb 1972 - 25 May 1973 Richard G. Kleindienst
(b. 1923 - d. 2000)
25
May 1973 - 20 Oct 1973 Elliot
Richardson
(b. 1920 - d. 1999)
20 Oct 1973 - 17 Dec 1973 Robert H. Bork (acting)
(b. 1927)
17
Dec 1973 - 14 Jan 1975 William B.
Saxbe
(b. 1916)
14 Jan 1975 - 20 Jan 1977 Edward
H. Levi
(b. 1911 - d. 2000)
26
Jan 1977 - 16 Aug 1979 Griffin B.
Bell
(b. 1918 - d. 2009)
16 Aug 1979 - 20 Jan 1981 Benjamin
R. Civiletti
(b. 1935)
23 Jan 1981 - 25 Feb 1985 William
F. Smith
(b. 1917 - d. 1990)
25
Feb 1985 - 12 Aug 1988 Edwin Meese
III
(b. 1931)
12 Aug 1988 - 15 Aug 1991 Richard
Thornburgh
(b. 1932)
16 Aug 1991 - 20 Jan 1993 William
P. Barr
(b. 1950)
(acting to 26 Nov 1991)
20 Jan 1993 - 12 Mar 1993 Stuart M. Gerson (acting)
(b. 1944)
12
Mar 1993 - 20 Jan 2001 Janet Reno
(f)
(b. 1938)
20 Jan 2001 - 2 Feb 2001 Eric H. Holder, Jr. (1st time)
(b. 1951)
(acting)
2
Feb 2001 - 3 Feb 2005 John David
Ashcroft
(b. 1942)
3
Feb 2005 - 17 Sep 2007 Alberto
Gonzales
(b. 1955)
17 Sep 2007 - 18 Sep 2007 Paul D. Clement (acting)
(b. 1966)
18 Sep 2007 - 9 Nov 2007 Peter D. Keisler (acting)
(b. 1960)
9 Nov 2007 - 20 Jan 2009 Michael
B. Mukasey (b. 1941)
20 Jan 2009 - 3 Feb 2009 Mark Filip
(acting) (b. 1966)
3 Feb 2009 - Eric H. Holder, Jr. (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
![[Flag of Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)]](us-fbi.gif)
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
26 Jul 1908
Special Agent Force of the Department of Justice
16 Mar 1909
Bureau of Investigation
1 Jul 1932
U.S. Bureau of Investigation
10 Aug 1933
Division of Investigation
1 Jul 1935
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Chiefs
26 Jul 1908 - 30 Apr 1912 Stanley Wellington Finch
(b. 1872 - d. 1951)
(Chief Examiner to
16 Mar 1909)
30 Apr 1912 - 10 Feb 1919 Alexander Bruce Bielaski
(b. 1883 - d. 1964)
10 Feb 1919 - 1 Jul 1919 William Edwin Allen (acting)
(b. 1861 - d. 19..)
Directors
1
Jul 1919 - 22 Aug 1921 William James
Flynn
(b. 1867 - d. 1928)
22 Aug 1921 - 10 May 1924
William John Burns
(b. 1861 - d. 1932)
10 May 1924 - 2 May 1972
John Edgar Hoover
(b. 1895 - d. 1972)
(acting to 10 Dec 1924)
3 May 1972 - 27 Apr 1973 L. Patrick Gray (acting)
(b. 1916 - d. 2005)
27 Apr 1973 - 9 Jul 1973 William Doyle Ruckelshaus
(acting) (b. 1932)
9
Jul 1973 - 23 Feb 1978 Clarence M.
Kelley
(b. 1911 - d. 1997)
23 Feb 1978 - 26 May 1987
William H. Webster
(b. 1924)
26 May 1987 - 2 Nov 1987 John
E. Otto (acting)
(b. 1938)
2 Nov 1987 - 19 Jul 1993 William
S. Sessions
(b. 1930)
19 Jul 1993 - 1 Sep 1993 Floyd I. Clarke (acting)
1
Sep 1993 - 25 Jun 2001
Louis Freeh
(b. 1950)
25 Jun 2001 - 4 Sep 2001 Thomas J. Pickard (acting)
(b. 1950)
4
Sep 2001
-
Robert
Mueller
(b. 1944)
Solicitors General
![[flag of the Solicitor General]](us_solgn.gif)
Office of the Solicitor General
22
Jun 1870
Office of the Solicitor General set up to supervise
and conduct government
litigation in the United States
Supreme Court.
Solicitors General
Oct 1870 - Nov 1872
Benjamin Helm Bristow
(b. 1832 - d. 1896)
Nov 1872 - May 1885
Samuel Field Phillips
(b. 1824 - d. 1903)
May 1885 - Aug 1886
John Goode (acting)
(b. 1829 - d. 1909)
Aug 1886 - May 1889
George Augustus Jenks
(b. 1836 - d. 1908)
May 1889 - Jan 1890
Orlow W. Chapman
(b. 1832 - d. 1890)
Feb 1890 - Mar 1892
William Howard Taft
(b. 1857 - d. 1930)
Mar 1892 - May 1893
Charles Henry Aldrich
(b. 1850 - d. 1929)
May 1893 - Jan 1895
Lawrence Maxwell, Jr.
(b. 1853 - d. 1927)
Feb
1895 - Jul 1897
Holmes
Conrad
(b. 1840 - d. 1916)
Jul 1897 - Mar 1903
John Kelvey Richards
(b. 1856 - d. 1909)
Mar 1903 - Mar 1909
Henry Martyn Hoyt
(b. 1856 - d. 1910)
Apr 1909 - 9 Sep 1910 Lloyd Wheaton
Bowers
(b. 1859 - d. 1910)
Dec 1910 - Jul 1912
Frederick Wheaton Lehmann
(b. 1853 - d. 1931)
Jul 1912 - Mar 1913
William Marshall Bullitt
(b. 1873 - d. 1957)
Aug 1913 - Nov 1918
John William Davis
(b. 1873 - d. 1955)
Nov 1918 - May 1920
Alexander Campbell King
(b. 1856 - d. 1926)
Jun 1920 - Jun 1921
William Little Frierson
(b. 1869 - d. 1953)
Jun 1921 - Jun 1925
James Montgomery Beck
(b. 1861 - d. 1936)
Jun 1925 - Mar 1929
William De Witt Mitchell
(b. 1874 - d. 1955)
May 1929 - Apr 1930
Charles Evans Hughes, Jr.
(b. 1889 - d. 1950)
Apr 1930 - May 1933
Thomas Day Thacher
(b. 1881 - d. 1950)
May 1933 - Mar 1935
James Crawford Biggs
(b. 1872 - d. 1960)
Mar 1935 - Jan 1938
Stanley Forman Reed
(b. 1884 - d. 1980)
Mar 1938 - Jan 1940
Robert Houghwout Jackson
(b. 1892 - d. 1954)
Jan 1940 - Sep 1941
Francis Beverley Biddle
(b. 1886 - d. 1968)
Nov
1941 - Sep 1945
Charles
Fahy
(b. 1892 - d. 1979)
Oct 1945 - Oct 1946
James Howard McGrath
(b. 1903 - d. 1966)
Jul 1947 - Aug 1952
Philip Benjamin Perlman
(b. 1890 - d. 1960)
Dec 1952 - Mar 1953
Walter Joseph Cummings, Jr. (b.
1916 - d. 1999)
Feb 1954 - Jul 1956
Simon Ernest Sobeloff
(b. 1894 - d. 1973)
Aug 1956 - Jan 1961
James Lee Rankin
(b. 1907 - d. 1996)
Jan
1961 - Jul 1965
Archibald
Cox
(b. 1912 - d. 2004)
Aug 1965 - Aug 1967
Thurgood Marshall
(b. 1908 - d. 1993)
Oct 1967 - Jun 1973
Erwin Nathaniel Griswold
(b. 1904 - d. 1994)
Jun 1973 - Jan 1977
Robert Heron Bork
(b. 1927)
Jan 1977 - Mar 1977
Dan Friedman (acting)
(b. 1916)
Mar 1977 - Aug 1981
Wade Hampton McCree, Jr.
(b. 1920 - d. 1987)
Aug
1981 - Jun 1985
Rex
Lee
(b. 1935 - d. 1996)
Oct
1985 - Jan 1989
Charles Fried
(b. 1935)
May 1989 - Jan 1993
Kenneth W. "Ken" Starr
(b. 1946)
May 1993 - Jul 1996
Drew S. Days III
(b. 1941)
Aug 1996 - Aug 1997
Walter E. Dellinger III (acting) (b. 1941)
13
Nov 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 Seth P.
Waxman
(b. 1951)
20 Jan 2001 - 11 Jun 2001 Barbara D. Underwood (f) (acting)
(b. 1944)
11 Jun 2001 - 12 Jul 2004 Theodore "Ted" B. Olson
(b. 1940)
12
Jul 2004 - 2 Jun 2008 Paul D.
Clement
(b. 1966)
(acting to 13 Jun 2005
2 Jun 2008 - 20 Jan 2009 Gregory G. Garre
(b. 1964)
(acting to 6 Oct 2008)
20 Jan 2009 - 20 Mar 2009 Edwin S. Kneedler (acting) (b. 1946)
20 Mar 2009 - Elena Kagan
(f) (b.
1960)
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
![[Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) flag]](us_dea.gif)
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
1
Apr 1927
Bureau of Prohibition (under Department of the Treasury).
14 Jun 1930
Bureau of Narcotics (under Department of the Treasury).
8 Apr 1968
Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (under Department
of Justice)(BNDD).
28 Jan 1972
Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement (ODALE).
1 Jul 1973
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
Commissioners
1930 - 1962
Harry Jacob Anslinger
(b. 1892 - d. 1975)
1962 - 1968
Henry Giordano
1968 - 1973
John E. Ingersoll
Director (of ODALE)
28 Jan 1972 - 1973
Myles J. Ambrose
(b. 1926)
Administrators
Oct 1973 - 30 May 1975 John Reis Bartels,
Jr.
30 May 1975 - 23 Jan 1976 Henry S. Dogin (acting)
23
Jan 1976 - 10 Jul 1981 Peter B.
Bensinger
(b. 1936)
(acting to 23 Feb 1976)
10 Jul 1981 - 1 Mar 1985 Francis M. Mullen, Jr.
(acting to 10 Nov
1983)
1
Mar 1985 - 23 Mar 1990
John C. Lawn
(b. 1935)
(acting to 26 Jul
1985)
23 Mar 1990 - 13 Aug 1990 Terrance M. Burke (acting)
13
Aug 1990 - 31 Oct 1993 Robert C.
Bonner
(b. 1942)
15 Apr 1994 - 2 Jul 1999 Thomas
A. Constantine
(b. 1938)
2 Jul 1999 - Jun 2001 Donnie R.
Marshall
(acting to 2 Jun
2000)
8
Aug 2001 - 29 Jan 2003
Asa Hutchinson
(b. 1950)
29 Jan 2003 - 17 Sep 2003 John B. Brown III (acting)
17
Sep 2003 - Nov 2007 Karen P. Tandy
(f)
(b. 1953)
Nov 2007 - Michelle M. Leonhart (f) (acting) (b. c.1957)
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF)
to 2003 |
![[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) Flag]](us_atf.gif)
Adopted 2003 |
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives (ATF)
1 Jul 1972
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF)
separated from IRS, within
the Treasury Department.
24 Jan 2003
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
(ATF); within the
Department of Justice.
Directors
1970
- 1979
Rex
D. Davis
(b. 1924 - d. 2008)
1979 - 1982
G.R. Dickerson
1982 - 1993
Stephen
Higgins
(b. 1938)
Oct 1993 - 20 Dec 1999 John
W. Magaw
(b. 1935)
20 Dec 1999 - 3 Jan 2004 Bradley A. Buckles (b. 1949?)
Jan 2004 - Apr 2004 Edgar A. Domenech (1st time)
(acting)
18 Apr 2004 - 4 Aug 2006 Carl Joseph Truscott
(b. 1957)
(acting to 17 May 2004)
Aug 2006 - Sep 2006 Edgar A. Domenech (2nd time)
(acting)
Sep 2006 - 20 Jan 2009 Michael J. Sullivan (acting)
20 Jan 2009 - 12 Apr 2009 Ronnie A. Carter (acting)
12 Apr 2009 - Kenneth E. Melson (acting)
Federal Bureau of Prisons
![[Federal Bureau of Prisons flag]](us_jus_fbp.JPG)
Federal Bureau
of Prisons
1 Oct 1907 Office of the Superintendent of Prisons and Prisoners
established within Department of Justice.
25 Jun 1910 Office of the Superintendent of Prisons
14 May 1930 Federal
Bureau of Prisons
Superintendent of Prisons
and Prisoners
1907
- 1910 Robert
V. LaDow
(b. c.1858 - d. 19..)
Superintendents of
Prisons
1910
- 1915 Robert
V. LaDow
(s.a.)
1915 - 1920
Francis Harvey Duehay
(b. 1861 - d. 19..)
1920 - 1921
Denver Sylvester Dickerson
(b. 1872 - d. 1925)
1921
- 1925
Heber
H. Votaw
(b. 1881
- d. 1962)
1925 - 1926 Luther C. White
1927 - 1929 Albert H. Conner
1929
- 1930
Sanford
Bates
(b. 1884
- d. 1972)
Directors of the Federal
Bureau of Prisons
1930
- 1937
Sanford
Bates
(s.a.)
1937 - 1964
James Van Bentschoten Bennett (b. 1894 - d.
1978)
1964
- 1970 Myrl E. Alexander
(b. 1909 - d. 1993)
1970 - 1987 Norman A. Carlson
1987 - 1992 J. Michael Quinlan
1992 - 2003 Kathleen
Hawk Sawyer (f) (b. c.1950)
4 Apr 2003 - Harley
G. Lappin (b.
c.1956)
![[U.S. Marshals Service flag]](us_jus_ms.JPG)
24 Sep 1789 U.S. Marshals first appointed.
17 Dec 1957 Executive Office of U.S. Marshals formed.
12 May 1969 U.S. Marshals Service (USMS)
Chiefs
20 Dec 1957 - 1962 Clive W. Palmer
21 Jun 1962 - 24 Dec 1968 James J.P. McShane (b. 1909 - d. 1968)
5 Mar 1969 - 1970 Carl Turner
Directors
16 Jan 1970 - May 1976 Wayne B. Colburn (b. 1919 - d. 1983)
23 May 1976 - 23 Oct 1983 William E. Hall (b. 1932?)
23 Oct 1983 - 1989 Stanley E. Morris (b. 1942?)
6 Nov 1989 - 1992 Kevin Michael Moore
24 Feb 1992 - Oct 1993 Henry E. Hudson
(b. 1947)
(acting to 12 Aug 1992)
17 Oct 1993 - 18 Nov 1993 John J. Twomey (acting)
18 Nov 1993 - 19 Jun 1999 Eduardo Gonzalez
22 Jun 1999 - 17 Nov 1999 George R. "Ray" Havens (acting) (b. 1943?)
17 Nov 1999 - Jan 2001 John W. Marshall (b. 1958)
16 Feb 2001 - 29 Oct 2001 Louie T. McKinney (acting)
29 Oct 2001 - 31 Jul 2005 Benigno "Ben" G. Reyna
1 Aug 2005 - John F. Clark
(acting to 17 Mar 2006)
Department of the Interior
![[Department of the Interior flag to 1917]](us-doi1.jpg)
to 1917 |
![[Department of the Interior flag 1917-1934]](us_si17.gif)
1917 - 1934 |
![[Department of the Interior flag 1934-c.1949]](us_scint.gif)
1934 - c.1949 |
![[Department of the Interior flag]](us_depinterior.gif)
Adopted c.1949 |
Department of the Interior (DOI)
3 Mar 1849 Department of the Interior
Secretaries
8
Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850
Thomas Ewing
(b. 1789 - d. 1871)
15 Aug 1850 - 12 Sep 1850
Thomas M.T. McKennan
(b. 1794 - d. 1852)
16 Sep 1850 - 4 Mar 1853
Alexander H.H. Stuart
(b. 1807 - d. 1891)
7
Mar 1853 - 4 Mar 1857 Robert
McClelland
(b. 1807 - d. 1880)
6
Mar 1857 - 4 Mar 1861 Jacob
Thompson
(b. 1810 - d. 1885)
6
Mar 1861 - 7 Jan 1863 Caleb B.
Smith
(b. 1808 - d. 1864)
8
Jan 1863 - 14 May 1865
John P. Usher
(b. 1816 - d. 1889)
15
May 1865 - 26
Jul 1866 James Harlan
(b. 1820 - d. 1899)
27 Jul 1866 - 4 Mar 1869
Orville H. Browning
(b. 1806 - d. 1881)
5
Mar 1869 - 31 Oct 1870
Jacob D. Cox
(b. 1828 - d. 1900)
1
Nov 1870 - 18 Oct 1875 Columbus
Delano
(b. 1809 - d. 1896)
19 Oct 1875 - 4 Mar 1877
Zachariah Chandler
(b. 1813 - d. 1879)
12
Mar 1877 - 4 Mar
1881 Carl Schurz
(b. 1829 - d. 1906)
5 Mar 1881 - 5 Jun
1882 Samuel J. Kirkwood
(b. 1813 - d. 1894)
6
Jun 1882 - 4 Mar 1887 Henry M.
Teller
(b. 1830 - d. 1914)
6 Mar 1885 - 15 Jan 1888
Lucius Q.C. Lamar
(b. 1825 - d. 1893)
16 Jan 1888 - 4 Mar 1889
William F. Vilas
(b. 1840 - d. 1908)
7
Mar 1889 - 4 Mar
1893 John W. Noble
(b. 1831 - d. 1912)
6
Mar 1893
- 24 Aug 1896 Hoke Smith
(b. 1855 - d. 1931)
24 Aug 1896 - 4 Mar 1897
David R. Francis
(b. 1850 - d. 1927)
6 Mar 1897 - 19 Feb 1899
Cornelius N. Bliss
(b. 1833 - d. 1911)
20 Feb 1899 - 4 Mar 1907
Ethan A. Hitchcock
(b. 1835 - d. 1909)
4
Mar 1907 - 4 Mar 1909 James R.
Garfield
(b. 1865 - d. 1950)
5 Mar 1909 - 12 Mar 1911
Richard A. Ballinger
(b. 1858 - d. 1922)
13 Mar 1911 - 4 Mar 1913
Walter L. Fisher
(b. 1862 - d. 1935)
6 Mar 1913 - 29 Feb 1920
Franklin Knight Lane
(b. 1864 - d. 1921)
29 Feb 1920 - 13 Mar 1920 .... (acting)
13 Mar 1920 - 4 Mar 1921
John Barton Payne
(b. 1855 - d. 1935)
5
Mar 1921 - 4 Mar 1923 Albert B.
Fall
(b. 1861 - d. 1944)
5
Mar 1923 - 24 Jul 1928
Hubert Work
(b. 1860 - d. 1942)
25
Jul 1928 -
4 Mar 1929 Roy O. West
(b. 1868 - d. 1958)
5
Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Ray Lyman
Wilbur
(b. 1875 - d. 1949)
4
Mar 1933 - 15 Feb 1946 Harold L.
Ickes
(b. 1874 - d. 1952)
15 Feb 1946 - 18 Mar 1946 Oscar L. Chapman (1st time)(acting)(b. 1896 - d. 1978)
18
Mar 1946 - 30 Nov 1949 Julius A.
Krug
(b. 1907 - d. 1970)
1 Dec 1949 - 20 Jan 1953
Oscar L. Chapman (2nd time)
(s.a.)
21
Jan 1953 - 15 Apr 1956
Douglas McKay
(b. 1893 - d. 1959)
15 Apr 1956 - 8 Jun 1956 Clarence A. Davis (acting)
8
Jun 1956 - 20 Jan 1961 Fred A.
Seaton
(b. 1909 - d. 1974)
21 Jan 1961 - 20 Jan 1969
Stewart L. Udall
(b. 1920)
21 Jan 1969 - 25 Nov 1970 Walter
J. Hickel
(b. 1919)
25 Nov 1970 - 30 Jan 1971 Fred J. Russell (acting)
30 Jan 1971 - 30 Apr 1975 Rogers
C.B. Morton
(b. 1914 - d. 1979)
30 Apr 1975 - 13 Jun 1975 D. Kent Frizzell (1st time)(acting)(b. 1929)
13 Jun 1975 - 9 Oct 1975
Stanley K. Hathaway
(b. 1924 - d. 2005)
9 Oct 1975 - 17 Oct 1975 D. Kent Frizzell (2nd time)(acting)(s.a.)
17
Oct 1975 - 20 Jan 1977 Thomas S.
Kleppe
(b. 1919 - d. 2007)
23 Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Cecil D.
Andrus
(b. 1931)
21
Jan 1981 - 8 Nov
1983 James G. Watt
(b. 1938)
8 Nov 1983 - 21 Nov 1983 J.J. Simmons III (acting)
21 Nov 1983 - 6 Feb 1985 William
P. Clark
(b. 1931)
7 Feb 1985 - 20 Jan 1989 Donald
P. Hodel
(b. 1935)
8 Feb 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Manuel
Lujan, Jr.
(b. 1928)
22
Jan 1993 - 2 Jan 2001
Bruce Babbitt
(b. 1938)
2 Jan 2001 - 31 Jan 2001 Thomas N. Slonaker (acting)
31 Jan 2001 - 31 Mar 2006 Gale Norton
(f)
(b. 1954)
1 Apr 2006 - 26 May 2006 P. Lynn Scarlett (f) (1st time)
(b. 1949)
(acting)
26 May 2006 - 19 Jan 2009
Dirk Arthur Kempthorne
(b. 1951)
19 Jan 2009 - 21 Jan 2009 P. Lynn Scarlett (f) (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting)
21 Jan 2009 - Kenneth "Ken"
Lee Salazar (b. 1955)
Bureau of Indian Affairs
![[Bureau of Indian Affairs]](us-doi-bia.GIF)
Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)
20 Aug 1789
Secretaries of War responsible for American
Indian Affairs.
21 Apr 1806 - 6 May 1822 Office of Indian Trade post within War Department.
11 Mar 1824
Bureau of Indian Affairs post within War Department.
9 Jul 1832
Commissioner of Indian Affairs post created
within the War Department.
29 Jul 1834
Office of Indian Affairs organized.
3 Mar 1849
Transferred to Department of the Interior.
17 Sep 1947 Renamed Bureau of Indian Affairs.
Administrators of Indian Affairs
20 Aug 1789 - 9 Jul 1832 the Secretaries of War
Superintendents of Indian Trade
8 Jul 1806 - 1807 John Shee
1807 - 1816 John Mason
2 Apr 1816 - 6 May 1822 Thomas L. McKenny (b. 1785 - d. 1859)
Superintendens of the Indian Affairs Office
11 Mar 1824 - 1830
Thomas L. McKenny
(s.a.)
30 Sep 1830 - 1831
Samuel S. Hamilton
Aug 1831 - 9 Jul 1832 Elbert
Herring
(b. 1777 - d. 1876)
Commissioners of Indian Affairs
10 Jul 1832 - 1836
Elbert Herring (s.a.)
4 Jul 1836 - 1838
Carey A. Harris
22
Oct 1838 - 28 Oct 1845 T. Hartley
Crawford
(b. 1786 - d. 1863)
28 Oct 1845 - 1849
William Medill (b. 1802 - d. 1865)
30 Jun 1849 - 1850
Orlando Brown (b. 1801 - d. 1867)
1 Jul 1850 - 1853
Luke Lea
24 Mar 1853 - Jun 1857
George W. Manypenny (b. 1808 - d. 1892)
17 Apr 1857 - 1858
James William Denver (1st time) (b. 1817 - d. 1892)
14 Jun 1858 - 1858
Charles E. Mix (acting)
8 Nov 1858 - 31 Mar 1859 James William Denver (2nd time) (s.a.)
4 May 1859 - 13 Mar 1861 Alfred Burton Greenwood (b. 1811 - d. 1889)
13 Mar 1861 - 1865
William P. Dole
10 Jul 1865 - Sep 1866
Dennis Nelson Cooley (b. 1825 - d. 1892)
1
Nov 1866 - 1867
Lewis V. Bogy
(b. 1813 - d. 1877)
29 Mar 1867 - 21 Apr 1869 Nathaniel Green Taylor (b. 1819 - d. 1887)
21
Apr 1869 - 1871
Ely S. Parker
(b. 1828 - d. 1895)
1871
H.R. Clum (1st time) (acting)
21 Nov 1871 - 1872
Francis A. Walker
(b. 1840 - d. 1897)
1872 - 1873
H.R. Clum (2nd time) (acting)
20
Mar 1873 - 1875 Edward P.
Smith
(b. 1827 - d. 1876)
11
Dec 1875 - 1877
John Q. Smith
(b. 1824 - d. 1901)
20
Sep 1877
- 1880
Ezra
A. Hayt
(b. 1823 - d. 1902)
1880
E.M. Marble (acting)
15 Mar 1880 - 20 Apr 1881
Rowland E. Trowbridge (b. 1821 - d. 1881)
6 May 1881 - 1884
Hiram Price (b. 1814 - d. 1901)
21 Mar 1885 - 1887
John D.C. Atkins
(b. 1825 - d. 1908)
10 Oct 1887 - 1889
John H. Oberly
30 Jun 1889 - 1893
Thomas J. Morgan
18 Apr 1893 - 1897
Daniel M. Browning
3 May 1897 - 1905
William A. Jones
1 Jan 1905 - 1909
Francis E. Leupp
(b. 1849 - d. 1918)
19 Jun 1909 - 1913
Robert G. Valentine
(b. 1872 - d. 1916)
2
Jun 1913 - 1921
Cato Sells
(b. 1859 - d. 1948)
7 May 1921 - 1929
Charles H. Burke
(b. 1861 - d. 1944)
18 Apr 1929 - 1933
Charles J. Rhoads
(b. 1872 - d. 1956)
21
Apr 1933 - 1945
John Collier
(b. 1884 - d. 1968)
6 Mar 1945 - 1948
William A. Brophy
(b. 1903 - d. 1962)
1948 - 1949
William R. Zimmerman (acting)
13 Apr 1949 - 1950 John R. Nichols
5
May 1950 - 20 Mar 1953 Dillon S. Myer
(b. 1891 - d. 1982)
10 Aug 1953 - 1961
Glenn L. Emmons (b. 1895 - d. 1980)
26
Sep 1961
- 1966
Philleo Nash
(b. 1909 - d. 1987)
27 Apr 1966 - 1969
Robert LaFollette Bennett (b. 1912)
8 Aug 1969
-
1972 Louis R. Bruce, Jr.
(b. 1905 - d. 1989)
3
Dec 1973 -
1976
Morris
Thompson
(b. 1938? - d. 2000)
7 Dec 1976 - 1977
Benjamin Reifel (b. 1906 - d. 1990)
1977 - 1978
Raymond Butler (acting)
1978 - 1979
Martin E. Seneca, Jr. (acting)
1979 - 1981
William E. Hallett
Assistant Secretaries of the Interior for Indian Affairs
1977 - 1981
Forrest J. Gerard (b. 1925)
1981
Tom Fredericks (acting)
1981 - 1984
Kenneth L. Smith
(b. 1935)
1985
- Jan 1989
Ross Swimmer
(b. 1943)
1989
W. Pat Ragsdale (acting)
1989 - 1993
Eddie Frank Brown (b. 1945?)
Jul
1993 - 12 Nov 1997 Ada E. Deer
(f)
(b. 1935)
12
Nov 1997 - 20 Jan 2001
Kevin Gover
(b. 1955)
20 Jan 2001 - 4 Jul 2001 James H. McDivitt (acting)
4
Jul 2001 - 6 Jan 2003 Neal A.
McCaleb
(b. 1935)
6 Jan 2003 - 2 Feb 2004 Aurene Michele Martin
(f)(acting) (b. 1965?)
2
Feb 2004 - 12 Feb 2005 David Wayne
Anderson
(b. 1953?)
12 Feb 2005 - 8 Mar 2007 James "Jim" E. Cason (acting)
8 Mar 2007 - 23 May 2008 Carl J.
Artman
(b. 1965?)
23 May 2008 - 22 May 2009 George T. Skibine (acting) (b. 1952)
22 May 2009 - Larry EchoHawk
(b.
1948)
Bureau of Reclamation
![[Flag of Bureau of Reclamation (USBR)]](us-doi-br.jpg)
8
Jul 1902
Service of Reclamation within U.S. Geological Survey.
9
Mar 1907
Reclamation Service within the Department of the Interior.
30 Jun 1923
Renamed Bureau of Reclamation.
Chief Engineer in Charge of the Service of Reclamation
1902 - 8 Mar 1907
Frederick Haynes Newell
(b. 1862 - d. 1932)
Directors of the Service of Reclamation
9 Mar 1907 - Dec 1914 Frederick
Haynes Newell
(s.a.)
Dec
1914 - 19 Jun 1923 Arthur Powel
Davis
(b. 1861 - d. 1933)
19 Jun 1923 - 30 Jun 1923
David Willaim Davis
(b. 1873 - d. 1959)
Commissioners of Reclamation
30
Jun 1923 - 2 Jun 1924 David Willaim
Davis
(s.a.)
1924
- 26 Jan 1936
Elwood Mead
(b. 1858 - d. 1936)
2 Feb 1936 - 1936
Mae A. Schnurr (f) (acting) (b.
1896 - d. 1996)
1936 - 1943
John Catfield Page
(b. 1887 - d. 1955)
Aug 1943 - 1945
Harry W. Bashore
(b. 1880 - d. 1973)
1945 - 1953
Michael W. Straus
(b. 1897 - d. 1970)
1953
Goodrich W. Lineweaver
(acting)
1953 - 1959
Wilbur A. Dexheimer
(b. 1901 - d. 1974)
1
May 1959 - 1969 Floyd E.
Dominy
(b. 1909)
1969 - 1973
Ellis Leroy Armstrong
(b. 1914 - d. 2001)
1973 - 1977
Gilbert G. Stamm
(b. 1911 - d. 1989)
1977
Donald D. Anderson (acting)
1977 - 1981
R. Keith Higginson (b. 1920 - d. 2007)
1981
Clifford I. Barrett (1st
time)
(acting)
1981 - 1984
Robert N. Broadbent
(b. 1926 - d. 2003)
Dec 1984 - Aug 1985 Robert A. Olsen
(acting)
1985
Clifford I. Barrett (2nd
time)
(acting)
1986
- 6 Jul 1989
C. Dale
Duvall
(b. 1933)
7 Jul 1989 - 13 Nov 1989 Joe D. Hall (acting)
14 Nov 1989 - 1993
Dennis B. Underwood
(b. 1944 - d. 2005)
1993
- 1995
Daniel Beard
(b. 1943)
1995
Stephen P. Magnussen
(acting)
1995 - 2001
Eluid L. Martinez
(b. 1944)
2001 - 17 Jul 2001
J. William "Bill" McDonald
(1st time)(acting)
17
Jul 2001 - 14 Apr 2006 John W. Keys III
(b. 1942 - d. 2008)
14 Apr 2006 - 17 Oct 2006 William E. Rinne (acting)
17 Oct 2006 - 2 Jan 2009 Robert "Bob" W. Johnson
2 Jan 2009 - 1 Jun 2009 J. William "Bill" McDonald
(2nd time)(acting)
1 Jun 2009 - Michael L.
Connor (b.
1963?)
![[Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Flag]](us-doi-blm.jpg)
Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
18 May 1796 - 1825 Post of Surveyor General of Northwest Territories created.
25 Apr 1812 General
Land Office (GLO) created within Department of Treasury.
3 Mar 1849 GLO transferred to the Department of Interior.
28 Jun 1934 Division of Grazing created within the Department of the Interior.
26 Aug 1939 Renamed U.S. Grazing Service.
16 Jul 1946 Bureau of Land Management (BLM) within Department of the Interior
(formed by merger of Grazing Service and General Land Office).
Surveyors General of the Northwest Territories
1 Oct 1796
– 1803 Rufus Putnam
(b. 1738 - d. 1824)
3 Nov 1803 – 1813 Jared Mansfield
1813 – 11 Oct 1811 Josiah Meigs
(b. 1757 -
d. 1822)
11 Oct 1814 – 1825 Edward Tiffin
(b. 1766 -
d. 1829)
Commissioners of the General Land Office
7 May 1812 – 1814
Edward Tiffin
(s.a.)
11 Oct 1814 – 1822 Josiah Meigs
(s.a.)
11 Sep 1822 – 1823 John McLean
(b.
1785 – d. 1861)
26 Jun 1823 – 1830 George Graham
(b. 1772 -
d. 1830)
30 Sep 1830 – 1835 Elijah Hayward
24 Jul 1835 – 1836 Ethan A. Brown
21 Oct 1836 – 1841 James Whitcomb
3 Jul 1841 – 1842 Elisha M. Huntingdon
19 May 1842 – 1845 Thomas H. Blake
16 Apr 1845 - 1847 James Shields
6 Jan 1847 – 1849 Richard M. Young
1 Jul 1849 - 1852 Justin Butterfield
(b. 1790 - d. 1855)
16 Sep 1852 – 1855 John Wilson
6 Aug 1855 – 1859 Thomas A. Hendricks
13 Oct 1859 - 1860 Samuel A. Smith
23 Feb 1860 – 1861 Joseph S. Wilson (1st time)
16 Mar 1861 – 1866 James N. Edmunds
1866 – 1871 Joseph S. Wilson (2nd time)
1871 – 1874 Willis Drummond
1874 – 1876 Samuel
S. Burdett
(b. 1836 - d. 1914)
1876 – 1881 James A. Williamson
17 Jun 1881 – 1885 Noah C. McFarland
(b. 1822 - d. 1897)
1885 - 1887 William A.J. Sparks
1888
- 1889 Strother M.
Stockslager (b. 1842 - d. 1903)
1889 - 1891 Lewis A. Groff
1891 - 1892 Thomas Carter
1892 - 1893 William Stone
1893
- 1897 Silas W. Lamoreaux
(b. 1843 - d.
....)
1897 - 1903 Binger
Hermann
(b. 1843 - d. 1926)
1903 - 1907 William A. Richard
1907 - 1908 Richard
A. Ballinger (b. 1858
- d. 1922)
1908 - 1913 Fred Dennett
1913 - 1921 Clay Tallman
1921
- 21 Apr 1929 William Spry
(b. 1864 -
d. 1929)
1929 - 1933 Charles Moore
1933 - 16 Jul 1946 Fred W. Johnson
Directors of the Grazing Service
1934 – 1938
Farrington "Ferry" R. Carpenter (b. 1886
- d. 1980)
1938 – 1944 Richard Rutledge
1944 – 16 Jul 1946 Clarence Luther Forsling (b. 1893 – d. 1981)
Directors of the Bureau of Land Management
16 Jul 1946 - 1948 Fred W. Johnson
1948 - 1953 Marion
Clawson
(b. 1905 - d. 1998)
1953
- 1961 Edward Woozley
(b.
1902 - d. 1995)
1961 - 1963
Karl S. Landstrom
(b. 1909)
1963 - 1966 Charles Stoddard
1966 - 1971 Boyd Rasmussen
1971 - 1973 Burton "Burt" W. Silcock (b. 1923? - d. 2008)
1973 - 1977 Curt Berklund
1977 - 1981 Frank Gregg
1981
- 1989 Robert F. Burford
(b. 1923 -
d. 1993)
1989 – 1992 Delos Cy Jamison
(b. 1949)
1993 - 1994 Jim Baca
(b. 1945)
Feb 1994 - 1997 Michael P. Dombeck (acting)
(b. 1948)
1997
- 1998 Patrick "Pat"
A. Shea (b. 1948?)
(acting to 23 Jul 1997)
Nov 1998 - Nov 2001 Thomas "Tom" A. Frye III (b. 1945?)
(acting to 24 May 2000)
Nov 2001 - Feb 2007 Kathleen Burton Clarke (f)
7 Feb 2007 - 3 Aug 2007 James "Jim" M. Hughes (acting)
3 Aug 2007 - 20 Jan 2009 James "Jim" L. Caswell
20 Jan 2009 - 1 Mar 2009 Ron Wenker (acting)
1 Mar 2009 - Aug 2009 Mike Pool
(acting) (b. 1954?)
Aug 2009 - Robert
V. Abbey (b.
1951?)
Fish and Wildlife Service
|
|
|
![[Fish Commission flag c.1917-1940]](us_bfsh.gif)
![[Fish and Wildlife Service [old] flag]](us_fws.gif)
![[U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service flag]](us-fws.gif)
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS)
9
Feb 1871
U.S. Commission on Fish and Fisheries
1 Jul 1903
U.S. Bureau of Fisheries within Department of Commerce & Labor.
4 Mar 1913
Transferred to Department of Commerce.
30 Jun 1940
Fish and Wildlife Service, within the Department of the Interior.
Commissioners of Fish and Fisheries
1871 - 1887
Spencer Fullerton Baird
(b. 1823 - d. 1887)
1887 - 1888
George Brown Goode (acting) (b.
1851 - d. 1896)
1888 - 1895
Marshall McDonald
(b. 1835 - d. 1895)
1895 - 1896
Herbert A. Gill (acting)
1896 - 1898
John J. Brice
1898 - 1903
George Meade Bowers
(b. 1863 - d. 1925)
Chiefs of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries
1903 - 1913
George Meade Bowers
(s.a.)
1913 - 1922
Hugh M. Smith
1922 - 1933
Henry O'Malley
1933 - 1939
Frank T. Bell
1939 - 1940
Charles Jackson (acting)
Chiefs of the Bureau of Biological Survey (1885-86 Office
of Economic Ornithology and
Mammalogy; 1886-96 Division of Economic Ornithology and Mammalogy;
1896-1905 Division
of Biological Survey)
1885 - 1910
Clinton Hart Merriam
(b. 1855 - d. 1942)
1910 - 1916
Henry Wetherbee Henshaw (b. 1850 - d. 1930)
1916 - 1927
Edward William Nelson
(b. 1855 - d. 1934)
1927 - 1934
Paul Goodwin Redington (b. 1878 - d. 1942)
1934 - 1935
Jay Norwood Darling
(b. 1876 - d. 1962)
1935 - 1940
Ira Noel Gabrielson
(b. 1889 - d. 1977)
Directors of the Fish and Wildlife Service
1940 - 1946
Ira Noel Gabrielson
(s.a.)
1946
- 1953
Albert M. Day
(b. 1897 - d. 19..)
1953 - 1957
John L. Farley
Commissioners of the Fish and Wildlife Service
1957 - 1961
Arnie J. Suomela
(b. 1902 - d. 1992)
1961
- 1969
Clarence F. Pautzke
(b. 1907)
Chiefs of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
1957 - 1967
Donald L. McKernan
1967 - 1970
Harold E. Crowther
Chiefs of the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife
1957 - 1964
Daniel H. Jantzen
1 Dec 1964 - 1970
John S. Gottschalk (b. 1912 - d. 1999)
1970 - 1973
Spencer H. Smith
Oct 1973 - 1974
Lynn A. Greenwalt (b. 1931)
Directors of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
1974 - 1981
Lynn A. Greenwalt (s.a.)
1981 - 1985
Robert A. Jantzen (b. 1928)
1986 - 15 Mar 1989
Frank H. Dunkle (b. 1924? - d. 1993)
1989 - 1993
John F. Turner
10
Sep 1993 - 5 Jun 1996 Mollie H. Beattie
(f)
(b. 1947 - d. 1996)
31 Jul 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 Jamie Rappaport Clark (f)
20 Jan 2001 - 21 Feb 2002 Marshall Jones (acting)
21
Feb 2002 - 16 Mar 2005 Steven A.
Williams
(b. 1957?)
16 Mar 2005 - 12 Oct 2005 Matthew "Matt" J. Hogan (acting)
(b. 1967?)
12 Oct 2005 - 3 Jan 2009 H. Dale Hall
3 Jan 2009 - Aug 2009 Rowan W. Gould (acting)
Aug 2009 - Samuel D. Hamilton
U.S. Geological Survey
![[U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) flag]](us_gs.gif)
Adopted 1906
3 Mar 1879
U.S. Geological Survey
1 Jul 1879
Earlier surveys discontinued.
Director of the Geographical Surveys West of the 100th Meridian¹
1872 - 30 Jun 1879
George Montague Wheeler
(b. 1842 - d. 1902)
Director of the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel¹
1867 - 1879
Clarence Rivers King
(b. 1842 - d. 1901)
Director of the U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey of
the Rocky Mountain Region
1869 - 30 Jun 1879
John Wesley Powell
(b. 1834 - d. 1902)
Director of the U.S. Geological and Geographical Survey of
the Territories
1867 - 30 Jun 1879
Ferdinand Vandiveer Hayden
(b. 1829 - d. 1887)
Directors of the U.S. Geological Survey
24 May 1879 - Mar 1881 Clarence Rivers
King
(s.a.)
Mar
1881 - 30 Jun 1894 John Wesley
Powell
(s.a.)
30 Jun 1894 - Apr 1907 Charles Doolittle
Walcott (b. 1850 -
d. 1927)
(acting to 1 Jul 1894)
May 1907 - Dec 1930
George Otis Smith
(b. 1871 - d. 1944)
Dec 1930 - 1943
Walter Curran Mendenhall
(b. 1871 - d. 1957)
1943 - Jan 1956
William Embry Wrather
(b. 1883 - d. 1963)
Jan 1956 - Sep 1965
Thomas Brennan Nolan
(b. 1901 - d. 1992)
Sep 1965 - Apr 1971
William Thomas Pecora
(b. 1913 - d. 1972)
1971 - Apr 1978
Vincent Ellis McKelvey
(b. 1916 - d. 1987)
Apr 1978 - Jan 1981
Henry William Menard
(b. 1920 - d. 1986)
30 Sep 1981 - 1993
Dallas Lynn Peck
(b. 1929)
24
Mar 1994 - 1997 Gordon P.
Eaton
(b. 1929)
13 Nov 1998 - 20 Jun 2005 Charles
"Chip" G. Groat
(b. 1940)
20 Jun 2005 - 26 Sep 2006 P. Patrick Leahy (acting)
(b. 1947)
26 Sep 2006 - 20 Jan 2009 Mark D. Myers
20 Jan 2009 - 22 Oct 2009 Suzette M. Kimball (f)(acting)
22 Oct 2009 - Marcia Kemper McNutt (f) (b. 1952)
¹Survey dependent on the Department of War/Office of the Chief Engineer.
National Park Service
![[National Park Service]](us_gov_nps.jpg)
25 Aug 1916 National Park Service (NPS)
General Superintendent and Landscape Engineer for the National
Parks
10
Jul 1914 - 9 Dec 1915 Mark Daniels
(b. 1881 - d. 1952)
General Superintendent of National Parks
10
Dec 1915 - 31 Dec 1916 Robert
B. Marshall
(b. 1867 - d. 1949)
Directors of the National Park Serivce
16
May 1917 - 8 Jan 1929 Stephen Tying
Mather
(b. 1867 - d. 1930)
12 Jan 1929 - 9 Aug 1933
Horace Marden Albright
(b. 1890 - d. 1987)
10 Aug 1933 - 9 Aug 1940
Arno Berthold Cammerer
(b. 1860 - d. 1940)
20 Aug 1940 - 31 Mar 1951
Newton Bishop Drury
(b. 1889 - d. 1978)
1
Apr 1951 - 8 Dec 1951 Arthur E.
Demaray
(b. 1887 - d. 1958)
9
Dec 1951 - 7 Jan 1964 Conrad L.
Wirth
(b. 1899 - d. 1933)
8 Jan 1964 - 31 Dec 1972
George B. Hartzog, Jr.
(b. 1920 - d. 2008)
1
Jan 1973 - 3 Jan 1975 Ronald H. Walker
(b. 1937)
4 Jan 1975 - 12 Jan 1975 Russell E. Dickenson (1st
time) (b. 1923 - d. 2008)
(acting)
13 Jan 1975 - 27 May 1977 Gary E. Everhardt (b. 1936)
28 May 1977 - 4 Jul 1977 William J. Briggle (acting) (b. 1925)
5
Jul 1977 - 13 May 1980 William J. Whalen III
(b. 1940 - d. 2006)
15 May 1980 - 3 Mar 1985 Russell E. Dickenson (2nd
time) (s.a.)
4 Mar 1985 - 30 Apr 1985 Mary Lou Grier (f)(acting)
1
May 1985 - 15 Apr 1989 William Penn
Mott, Jr.
(b. 1910 - d. 1992)
16 Apr 1985
Denis P. Galvin (1st time)(acting) (b. 1938)
17 Apr 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 James M. Ridenour (b. 1942)
20 Jan 1993 - 1 Jun 1993 Herbert S. Cables, Jr. (acting)
1 Jun 1993 - 29 Mar 1997 Roger G. Kennedy (b. 1926)
30 Mar 1997 - 3 Aug 1997 Denis P. Galvin (2nd time) (s.a.)
+ Jacqueline Lowery (f)
(acting)
4 Aug 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 Robert
Stanton
(b. 1940)
17 Jul 2001 - 16 Oct 2006 Fran P.
Mainella (f)
(b. 1947)
17 Oct 2006 - 20 Jan 2009 Mary Amelia Bomar (f)
20 Jan 2009 - 2 Oct 2009 Daniel N. Wenk
(acting) (b. 1953?)
2 Oct 2009 - Jonathan B. Jarvis (b. 1953?)
War Relocation Authority (WRA)
18 Mar 1942 War Relocation Authority (WRA)
17 Feb 1944 Transferred to the Department of the Interior.
30 Jun 1946 Abolished.
Directors
18 Mar 1942 – 17 Jun 1942 Milton S. Eisenhower (b. 1899 – d. 1985)
17 Jun 1942 – 30 Jun 1946 Dillon S. Myer (b. 1891 - d. 1982)
Department of Agriculture
![[Department of Agriculture flag]](us_ag.gif)
Department of Agriculture (USDA)
15 May 1862
Department of Agriculture created.
9 Feb 1889
Commissioner becomes a cabinet secretary.
Commissioners
1
Jul 1862
- 19 Jun 1867 Isaac
Newton
(b. 1800 - d. 1867)
20 Jun 1867 - 29 Nov 1867
John W. Stokes (acting)
29
Nov 1867
- 1 Aug 1871 Horace Capron
(b. 1804 - d. 1885)
1 Aug 1871 -
1877 Frederick
Watts
(b. 1801 - d. 1889)
1
Jul 1877 - 30 Jun 1881 William Gates Le
Duc
(b. 1823 - d. 1917)
1881 - 1885
George Bailey Loring
(b. 1817 - d. 1891)
3 Apr 1885 - 15 Feb 1889
Norman Jay Coleman
(b. 1827 - d. 1911)
Secretaries
15 Feb 1889 - 4 Mar 1889 Norman Jay
Coleman
(s.a.)
6 Mar 1889 - 4 Mar 1893
Jeremiah McLain Rusk
(b. 1830 - d. 1893)
7 Mar 1893 - 4 Mar
1897 J. Sterling Morton
(b. 1832 - d. 1902)
6
Mar 1897 - 4 Mar
1913 James Wilson
(b. 1835 - d. 1920)
6
Mar 1913 - 2 Feb 1920 David F.
Houston
(b. 1866 - d. 1940)
2
Feb 1920 - 4 Mar 1921 Edwin T.
Meredith
(b. 1876 - d. 1928)
5 Mar 1921 - 25 Oct 1924
Henry C. Wallace
(b. 1866 - d. 1924)
25 Oct 1924 - 4 Mar 1925 Howard M.
Gore
(b. 1877 - d. 1947)
(acting to 22 Nov 1924)
5 Mar 1925 - 4 Mar
1929 William M. Jardine
(b. 1879 - d. 1955)
6
Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Arthur M.
Hyde
(b. 1877 - d. 1947)
4
Mar 1933 - 4 Sep 1940 Henry A.
Wallace
(b. 1888 - d. 1965)
5 Sep 1940 - 29 Jun 1945
Claude R. Wickard
(b. 1893 - d. 1953)
30 Jun 1945 - 10 May 1948
Clinton P. Anderson
(b. 1895 - d. 1975)
10 May 1948 - 20 Jan 1953
Charles F. Brannan
(b. 1903 - d. 1992)
(acting to 2 Jun 1948)
21 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961
Ezra Taft Benson
(b. 1899 - d. 1994)
21 Jan 1961 - 20 Jan 1969
Orville L. Freeman
(b. 1918 - d. 2003)
21 Jan 1969 - 17 Nov 1971
Clifford M. Hardin
(b. 1915)
17 Nov 1971 - 22 Dec 1971 .... (acting)
22 Dec 1971 - 4 Oct 1976
Earl L. Butz
(b. 1909 - d. 2008)
4 Oct 1976 - 20 Jan 1977 John A. Knebel
(b. 1936)
(acting to 4 Nov 1976)
23
Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Robert S.
Bergland
(b. 1938)
23
Jan
1981 - 14 Feb 1986 John
R. Block
(b. 1935)
14 Feb 1986 - 7 Mar 1986 .... (acting)
7 Mar
1986 - 20 Jan 1989 Richard
Lyng
(b. 1918 - d. 2003)
16 Feb 1989 - 1 Mar 1991
Clayton K. Yeutter
(b. 1930)
12 Mar 1991 - 20 Jan 1993 Edward
Madigan
(b. 1936 - d. 1994)
22
Jan 1993 - 31 Dec 1994
Mike Espy
(b. 1953)
31 Dec 1994 - 30 Mar 1995 Bob Nash
(acting)
(b. 1947)
30
Mar 1995 - 20 Jan 2001
Dan Glickman
(b. 1944)
20 Jan 2001 - 21 Jan 2005 Ann Veneman
(f)
(b. 1949)
21 Jan 2005 - 20 Sep 2007
Michael "Mike" Owen Johanns (b.
1950)
20 Sep 2007 - 28 Jan 2008
Chuck Conner (acting)
(b. 1957)
28 Jan 2008 - 20 Jan 2009 Edward "Ed" Thomas Schafer
(b. 1946)
21 Jan 2009 - Thomas "Tom"
J. Vilack (b. 1950)
Forest Service
![[U.S. Forest Service flag]](us-usda-fs.jpg)
15 Aug 1876 Forestry Office
1881
Division of Forestry
2 Mar 1901 Bureau of Forestry
1 Jul 1905
Forest Service (USFS)
Special Forestry Agent
30
Aug 1876 - 1881 Franklin Benjamin
Hough
(b. 1822 - d. 1885)
Chiefs
1881
- May 1883 Franklin
Benjamin Hough
(s.a.)
May 1883 - 1886
Nathaniel Hillyer Egleston
(b. 1822 - d. 1912)
15 Mar 1886 - 1898
Bernhard Eduard Fernow
(b. 1851 - d. 1923)
Foresters
1
Jul 1898 - 1910
Gifford Pinchot
(b. 1865 - d. 1946)
1910 - 1920
Henry Solon Graves
(b. 1871 - d. 1951)
1920 - 1928
William Buckhout Greeley
(b. 1879 - d. 1955)
1
May 1928 - 23 Oct 1933 Robert Young
Stuart
(b. 1883 - d. 1933)
1933 - 1935
Ferdinand Augustus Silcox
(b. 1882 - d. 1939)
Chiefs
1935 - 1939
Ferdinand Augustus Silcox
(s.a.)
1939 - 1943
Earle Hart Clapp (acting)
(b. 1877 - d. 1970)
1943
- 1952
Lyle Ford Watts
(b. 1890 - d. 1962)
Jul
1952 - Mar 1962 Richard Edwin
McArdle
(b. 1899 - d. 1983)
1962 - 1972
Edward Parley Cliff
(b. 1909 - d. 1987)
1972
- 1979
John R. McGuire
(b. 1916 - d. 2002)
27
Jun 1979 - 2 Feb 1987 Ralph Max
Peterson
(b. 1927)
Feb 1987 - 28 Oct 1993
F. Dale Robertson
(b. 1940)
28 Oct 1993 - 1 Dec 1993 Dave Unger (1st time) (acting) (b. 1932?)
1
Dec
1993 - 2 Dec 1996 Jack Ward
Thomas
(b. 1934)
2 Dec 1996 - 6 Jan 1997 Dave Unger (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.)
6 Jan 1997 - 31 Mar 2001
Michael P. Dombeck
(b. 1948)
12
Apr 2001 - 2 Feb 2007 Dale N.
Bosworth
(b. 1945)
4 Feb 2007 - 3 Jul 2009 Abigail "Gail" R. Kimbell (f) (b. 1953)
3 Jul 2009 - Tom Tidwell
(b. 1954?)
Department of Commerce and Labor
14 Feb 1903
Department of Commerce and Labor
4 Mar 1913
Divided into Department of Commerce and Department of Labor.
Secretaries
18
Feb 1903 - 30 Jun 1904 George B.
Cortelyou
(b. 1862 - d. 1940)
1 Jul 1904 - 16 Dec 1906
Victor H. Metcalf
(b. 1853 - d. 1936)
17
Dec 1906 - 5 Mar 1909 Oscar S.
Straus
(b. 1850 - d. 1926)
6
Mar 1909 - 4 Mar 1913
Charles Nagel
(b. 1849 - d. 1940)
Department of Commerce
![[Flag of Department of Commerce]](us_doc.gif)
4 Mar 1913 Department of Commerce
Secretaries
5
Mar 1913 - 31 Oct 1919 William C.
Redfield
(b. 1858 - d. 1932)
16 Dec 1919 - 4 Mar 1921
Joshua W. Alexander
(b. 1852 - d. 1936)
5
Mar 1921 - 21 Aug 1928 Herbert
Hoover
(b. 1874 - d. 1964)
22 Aug 1928 - 4 Mar 1929
William F. Whiting
(b. 1864 - d. 1936)
5
Mar 1929 - 7 Aug 1932 Robert P.
Lamont
(b. 1867 - d. 1948)
8
Aug 1932 - 3 Mar 1933
Roy D. Chapin
(b. 1880 - d. 1936)
4
Mar 1933 - 23 Dec 1938 Daniel C.
Roper
(b. 1867 - d. 1943)
24 Dec 1938 - 18 Sep 1940
Harry L. Hopkins
(b. 1890 - d. 1946)
19
Sep 1940 - 1 Mar 1945 Jesse H.
Jones
(b. 1874 - d. 1956)
2 Mar 1945 - 20 Sep 1946
Henry A. Wallace
(b. 1888 - d. 1965)
20 Sep 1946 - 7 Oct 1946 Alfred Schindler (acting)
7 Oct 1946 - 22 Apr 1948
W. Averell Harriman
(b. 1891 - d. 1986)
6
May 1948 - 20 Jan 1953 Charles
Sawyer
(b. 1887 - d. 1979)
21
Jan 1953 - 10 Nov 1958 Sinclair
Weeks
(b. 1893 - d. 1972)
13 Nov 1958 - 30 Jun 1959
Lewis L. Strauss (acting)
(b. 1896 - d. 1974)
30 Jun 1959 - 19 Jan 1961
Frederick H. Muller
(b. 1893 - d. 1976)
(acting to 10 Aug 1959)
21 Jan 1961 - 15 Jan 1965
Luther H. Hodges
(b. 1898 - d. 1974)
18
Jan 1965 - 18 Jan 1967 John T.
Connor
(b. 1914 - d. 2000)
18 Jan 1967 - 1 Mar 1968 Alexander B. Trowbridge
(b. 1929 - d. 2006)
(acting to 14 Jun 1967)
6
Mar 1968 - 19 Jan 1969 Cyrus R.
Smith
(b. 1899 - d. 1990)
21 Jan 1969 - 15 Feb 1972
Maurice H. Stans
(b. 1908 - d. 1998)
29 Feb 1972 - 1 Feb 1973
Peter G. Peterson
(b. 1926)
2 Feb 1973 - 26 Mar 1975 Frederick
B. Dent
(b. 1922)
26 Mar 1975 - 1 May 1975 .... (acting)
1 May 1975 - 2 Feb 1976
Rogers C.B. Morton
(b. 1914 - d. 1979)
2 Feb 1976 - 20 Jan 1977
Elliot Richardson
(b. 1920 - d. 1999)
23 Jan 1977 - 31 Oct 1979
Juanita M. Kreps (f)
(b. 1921)
31 Oct 1979 - 9 Jan 1980 Luther H. Hodges, Jr. (acting)
(b. 1937?)
9
Jan 1980 - 19 Jan 1981 Philip M.
Klutznick
(b. 1907 - d. 1999)
20 Jan 1981 - 25 Jul 1987
Malcolm Baldrige
(b. 1922 - d. 1987)
25 Jul 1987 - 19 Oct 1987 Clarence J. Brown (acting)
19 Oct 1987 - 30 Jan 1989
C. William Verity
(b. 1917 - d. 2007)
31 Jan 1989 - 15 Jan 1992
Robert A. Mosbacher
(b. 1927)
15 Jan 1992 - 27 Jan 1992 Rockwell A. Schnabel (acting) (b. 1936)
27 Jan 1992 - 20 Jan 1993 Barbara H. Franklin (f)
(b. 1940)
22
Jan 1993 - 3 Apr
1996 Ron Brown
(b. 1941 - d. 1996)
12
Apr 1996 - 21
Jan 1997 Mickey Kantor
(b. 1939)
30 Jan 1997 - 15 Jul 2000 William
M. Daley
(b. 1948)
15 Jul 2000 - 21 Jul 2000 Robert L. Mallett (acting)
(b. 1957)
21
Jul 2000 - 20 Jan 2001 Norman Y.
Mineta
(b. 1931)
20
Jan
2001 - 7 Feb 2005
Don Evans
(b. 1946)
7 Feb 2005 - 20 Jan 2009 Carlos
M. Gutierrez
(b. 1953)
20 Jan 2009 - 26 Mar 2009 Otto J. Wolff (acting)
26 Mar 2009 - Gary
Locke
(b. 1950)
U.S. Census Bureau
![[U.S. Bureau of Census flag]](us-cen.gif)
Aug 1790
First decennial census assigned to the marshals
of the U.S. Judicial districts.
Aug 1790 - 3 Mar 1849
The decennial census responsibility of the Department of State.
26
Feb 1840
Congress authorizes creation of a centralized Census Office
during each enumeration.
3 Mar 1849 Within the Department of Interior (Census Board).
14 Feb 1903 Within the Department of Commerce and Labor (Census Bureau).
4 Mar 1913
Within the Department of Commerce.
Superintendent Clerks
1840 - 1842 William
Augustus Weaver (b. 1797 - d. 1846)
1842 - 1850
Vacant
1850 - 18 Mar 1853 Joseph Camp Griffith Kennedy (b. 1813 - d. 1887)
(1st time)
18 Mar 1853 - 31 Dec 1854 James Dunwoody Brownson DeBow (b. 1820 - d. 1867)
1855 - 1860
Vacant
1860 - 1865
Joseph Camp Griffith Kennedy (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1865 - 1869
Vacant
1870 - Dec 1872
Francis Amasa Walker (1st time) (b. 1840 - d. 1897)
Dec 1872 - 1879
Vacant
1879 - 1881
Francis Amasa Walker (2nd time) (s.a.)
1881 - Mar 1885
Charles W. Seaton (b. 1831 - d. 1885)
Mar 1885 - 1889
Vacant
1889 - 1893
Robert Percival Porter (b. 1852 - d. 1917)
1893 - 1897
Carroll D. Wright (b. 1840 - d. 1909)
1897 - 1899
Vacant
7 Mar 1899 - 1903
William Rush Merriam (b. 1849 - d. 1931)
Directors
1903 - 15 Jun 1909
Simon Newton Dexter North (b. 1848 - d. 1924)
16 Jun 1909 - 1913
Edward Dana Durand (b. 1870 - d. 1960)
1913 - 1915
William J. Harris (b. 1868 - d. 1932)
1915 - 1921
Samuel Lyle Rogers
(b. 1859 - d. 1925)
1921 - 31 Mar 1933
William Mott Steuart (b. 1861 - d. 1956)
Apr 1933 - 1941
William Lane Austin (b. 1871 - d. 1949)
1941 - Aug 1949
James Clyde Capt
(b. 1888 - d. 1949)
1949 - 1950
Phil Hauser (acting)
1950 - 1953
Roy Victor Peel (b. 1896 - d. 1978)
1953 - 1961
Robert Wilbur Burgess (b. 1887 - d. 1969)
1961 - 1965
Richard Montgomery Scammon (b. 1915 - d. 2001)
1965 - 1969
A. Ross Eckler (b. 1901 - d. 1991)
1969 - 1973
George Hay Brown (b. 1910 - d. 1991)
Jan 1973 - Mar 1973
Joseph R. Wright (acting)
1973 - 1976
Vincent P. Barraba (1st time) (b. 1934)
1977 - 1979
Manuel D. Plotkin (b. 1923)
1979 - 1981
Vincent P. Barraba (2nd time) (s.a.)
1981 - 1983
Bruce Chapman (b. 1940)
Jul 1983 - Mar 1984
Charles Louis Kincannon (b. 1940)
(1st time)(acting)
20 Mar 1984 - Jan 1989
John G. Keane (b. 1930)
Jan 1989 - Dec 1989
Charles Louis Kincannon (s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting)
1989 - 1993
Barbara Everitt Bryant (f) (b. 1926)
1993 - 1994
Harry A. Scarr (acting) (b. 1934 - d. 1995)
6 Oct 1994 - 31 Jan 1998 Martha Farnsworth Riche (f) (b. c.1939)
31 Jan 1998 - 1998
James F. Holmes
(acting)
1998 - 23 Oct 1998 Bradford R. Huther
(acting)
23 Oct 1998 - 2001
Kenneth Prewitt (b. 1936)
20 Jan 2001 - 13 Mar 2002 William G. Barron, Jr. (acting) (b. 1946)
13 Mar 2002 - 4 Jan 2008 Charles Louis Kincannon (3rd time) (s.a.)
4 Jan 2008 - 9 Jan 2009 Steve H. Murdock
9 Jan 2009 - 22 Jul 2009 Thomas L. Mesenbourg, Jr. (acting)
22 Jul 2009 - Robert M. Groves
(b. 1948?)
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
![[Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) flag]](us_pto.JPG)
Patent and Trademark Office (PTO)
10 Apr 1790 - 21 Feb 1793 Patent Board (consisting of: Secretaries of State, War
and the Attorney General).
21 Feb 1793 - 1 Jun 1802 Secretary of State as commissioner of Patents.
1 Jun 1802 Patent and Trademark Office within Department of State
3 Mar 1849 Transferred to the Department of Interior.
1 Apr 1925 Transferred to the Department of Commerce
2 Jan 1975 Renamed U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Commissioners
10 Apr 1790 - 21 Feb 1793 Patent Board
21 Feb 1793 - 1 Jun 1802 the Secretaries of State
Chiefs of Patents (unofficially titled Superintendents)
1 Jun 1802 - 28 Mar 1828 William Thornton
(b. 1761 - d. 1828)
12 Apr
1828 - 10 Jun 1829 Thomas P. Jones
(b. 1774 - d. 1848)
11 Jun 1829 - 1830 John D. Craig
(b. 1766 - d. 1846)
Superintendents of Patents
1830 - 1 Feb 1835 John D. Craig
(s.a.)
1 Feb 1835 - May 1835 James Chamberlayne Pickett (b. 1795 - d. 1872)
May 1835 - 8 Jul 1835 Thomas Johns (acting)
8 Jul 1835 - 4 Jul 1836 Henry Leavitt Ellsworth (b. 1791 - d. 1858)
Commissioners of Patents (and from 1975 Trademarks)
4 Jul 1836 - 1 Apr 1845 Henry Leavitt Ellsworth (s.a.)
4 May 1845 - 1849 Edmund Burke
(b.
1809 - d. 1882)
9 May 1849 - 1852 Thomas
Ewbank
(b. 1792 - d. 1870)
8 Nov 1852 - 1853 Silas
Henry Hodges (b.
1804 - d. 1875)
16 May 1853 - 5 Aug 1857 Charles Mason
(b.
1804 - d. 1882)
10
Sep 1857 - Mar 1859 Joseph Holt
(b. 1807 - d. 1894)
27 May 1859 - 1860 William
Darius Bishop (b. 1827 -
d. 1904)
16 Feb 1860 - 10 Dec 1860 Philip Francis Thomas (b. 1810 - d. 1890)
Dec 1860 - Mar 1861 Samuel T. Shugert (acting)
28 Mar 1861 - 1865 David P. Holloway (b. 1809 - d. 1883)
15 Aug 1865 - 20 Jan 1868 Thomas Clarke Theaker (b. 1812 - d. 1883)
20 Jan 1868 - 24 Jul 1868 A.M. Stout (acting)
29 Jul 1868 - Mar 1869 Elisha Foote
(b. 1809 - d. 1883)
26 Apr 1869 - 10 Nov 1870 Samuel Sparks Fisher (b. 1832 - d. 1874)
10 Nov 1870 - 16 Jan 1871 Samuel A. Duncan (acting)
16 Jan 1871 - 1874 Mortimer D. Leggett
(b. 1821 - d. 1896)
4 Nov 1874 - 1 Oct 1875 John Marshall Thacher
(b. 1836 - d. af.1895)
1 Oct 1875 - 1877 Robert Holland Duell
(b. 1824 - d. 1891)
30 Jan 1877 - 1878 Ellis Spear
(b.
1834 - d. 1917)
1 Nov 1878 - 1880 Halbert Eleazer Paine
(b. 1826 - d. 1905)
7 May 1880 - 1883 Edgar M. Marble
(b. 1838 -
d. 1908)
1 Nov 1883 - 1885 Benjamin Butterworth (1st time) (b. 1837 - d. 1898)
23 Mar 1885 - 1887 Martin Van Buren Montgomery (b. 1840 - d. 1898)
12 Apr 1887 - 1889 Benton Jay Hall
(b. 1835 -
d. 1894)
1 Apr 1889
- 1891 Charles Elliott
Mitchell (b.
1837 - d. 1911)
1
Aug 1891 - 1892 William Edgar
Simonds
(b. 1842 - d. 1907)
31 Mar 1893 - 1897 John Sammis
Seymour
(b. 1848 - d. 1931)
12 Apr 1897 - 1898 Benjamin Butterworth (2nd time) (s.a.)
3
Feb 1898 - 1901 Charles Holland
Duell
(b. 1850 - d. 1920)
11 Apr 1901 - 1907 Frederick
Innes Allen
(b. 1859 - d. 1938)
1907 - 1913 Edward
Bruce Moore
(b. 1851 - d. 1915)
1913 - 1917
Thomas Ewing
(b. 1862 - d. 19..)
1917 - 1920 James T. Newton
1920 - 1921 Robert Frederick Whitehead
1921
Melvin
H. Coulston
(b. 1877 - d. 19..)
1921 - 1933 Thomas E. Robertson
1933 - 14 Sep 1945 Conway
Payton Coe
(b. 1897 - d. 1982)
15
Sep 1945 - 1947 Casper W. Ooms
(b. 1902 - d. 1961)
1947 - 1949 Lawrence C. Kingsland
1949 - 1953 John A. Marzall
1953 - 1961 Robert C. Watson
1961 - 1963 David Lowell Ladd
1964 - 1969 Edward J. Brenner
1969 - 1971 William E. Schuyler, Jr.
1972 - 1973 Robert Gottschalk
1974 - 1977 C. Marshall Dann
1978 - 1979 Donald W. Banner
1979 - 1981 Sidney A. Diamond
1981 - 1985 Gerald J. Mossinghoff
1985 - 1990 Donald J. Quigg
1990 - 1992 Harry F. Manbeck, Jr.
5 Aug 1993 - 1998 Bruce A. Lehman
(b.
1945)
1998 - 19 Jan 2001 Q. Todd Dickinson
(acting to Nov 1999)
Jan 2001 - 29 Mar 2005 Nicholas P. Godici
(acting to 2003)
Apr 2005 - Nov 2008 John J. Doll (1st time)
(acting to 17 Aug 2005)
Nov 2008 - 13 Aug 2009 Margaret "Peggy" A. Focarino (f)
(acting)
13 Aug 2009 - 5 Oct 2009 John J. Doll (2nd time)
5 Oct 2009 - Robert L. Stoll
Under Secretaries of Commerce for Intellectual Property and
Directors of U.S. Patent & Trademark Office
10 Dec 2001 - 9 Jan 2004 James E. Rogan
(b. 1957)
2004 - 20 Jan 2009 Jon W. Dudas (acting to Jul 2004)
20 Jan 2009 - 13 Aug 2009 John J. Doll (acting)
13
Aug 2009 - David J. Kappos
(b.
1961?)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
![[U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey flag, 1899-1970]](us-cgds.gif) U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey Flag 1899 - 1970 |
![[NOAA Service Flag]](us_noaa.gif) NOAA Flag Adopted 1970 |
10 Feb 1807
U.S. Survey of the Coast (work begun 3 Aug 1816).
14 Apr 1818 - 9 Aug 1832 Operations suspended.
10 Jul 1832
Survey revived (with Department of Treasury).
11 Mar 1834
Transferred to the Department of the Navy.
27 Mar 1836
Returned to Treasury Department; renamed U.S. Coastal
Survey.
20 Jun 1878
Renamed U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.
14 Feb 1903
Transferred to the Department of Commerce and Labor.
4 Mar 1913
Part of the Department of Commerce.
13 Jul 1965
Environmental Science Services Administration created
(combining Coast &
Geodetic Survey and Weather Bureau).
3 Oct 1970
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Superintendents of the Coastal Survey
(from 1878, Coast and Geodetic Survey)
3 Aug 1816 - 14 Apr 1818 Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler
(b. 1770 - d. 1843)
(1st time)
9 Aug 1832 - 20 Nov 1843 Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
11 Dec 1843 - 17 Feb 1867 Alexander Dallas Bache
(b. 1806 - d. 1867)
1864 - Feb 1867
Julius Erasmus Hilgard
(b. 1825 - d. 1890)
(acting for Bache)
26 Feb 1867
- 1874 Benjamin
Peirce
(b. 1809 - d. 1880)
1874 - 15 Aug 1881
Carlile Pollock Patterson
(b. 1816 - d. 1881)
Aug 1881 - Jul 1885
Julius Erasmus Hilgard
(s.a.)
Jul 1885 - 1889
Frank Manly Thorn
(b. 1836 - d. 1889)
9 Jul 1889 - 20 Sep 1894 Thomas Corwin Menderhall
(b. 1841 - d. 1924)
Sep
1894 - 30 Nov 1897 William Ward
Duffield
(b. 1804 - d. 1907)
1 Dec 1897 - 30 Nov 1900
Henry Smith Pritchett
(b. 1857 - d. 1939)
1 Dec 1880 - 15 Apr 1915
Otto Hilgard Tittmann
(b. 1850 - d. 1938)
15 Apr 1915 - 1919
Ernest Lester Jones
(b. 1876 - d. 1929)
Directors of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey
1919 - 9 Apr 1929
Ernest Lester Jones
(s.a.)
29
Apr 1929 - 5 Nov 1937 Raymond Stanton Patton
(b. 1882 - d. 1937)
1938 - 7 Apr 1950
Leo Otis Colbert
(b. 1883 - d. 1968)
May 1950 - Aug 1955
Robert Francis Anthony Studds (b. 1896 - d. 1962)
13
Aug 1955 - 12 Jul 1965 H. Arnold
Karo
(b. 1903 - d. 1986)
Administrators of Environmental Science Services Administration
13 Jul 1965 - 1 Apr 1968 James C. Tison, Jr. (d. 1992)
(acting to 1 Sep 1965)
Apr 1968 - 1970
Don Jones
1965 - Oct 1970
Robert M. White
Administrators of NOAA
Oct 1970 - 1977
Robert M. White
1977 - 1981
Richard A. Frank
1981 - 1984
John Vincent Byrne
1984 - 1987
Anthony J. Calio
1988