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Indonesian Traditional States Part 1

States: Aceh - Asahan - Awak Sungai - Badung (Den Pasar) - Badung Den Pasar - Bandung - Bangkalan - Bangli - Banten - Bila - Bubasan - Buket - Buleleng - Cianjur - Cirebon - Deli - Demak - Gianyar - Indragiri - Jambi - Jembrana - Kaliwabang - Karang Asem - Kesiman - Kluet - Klungkung - Kraton Kacirebonan - Kraton Kanoman - Kraton Kaprabonan - Kraton Kasepuhan - Kualu - Langkat - Limbangan - Lingga-Riau - Linggu - Mangku Negaran - Mataram - Mengwi - Minangkabau - Moko-Moko - Nangulan - Pagar Ujong - Paku Alaman - Pelalawan - Palembang - Pamecutan - Pamekasan - Panei - Pinangawan - Semarang - Serdang - Siah Utama - Siak Sri Indrapura - Siantar - Sukapura - Sumedang - Sumenep - Sungai Taras (Kampong Raja) - Surakarta - Suroasso - Tabanan - Tanah Jawa - Tarumon - Tasik (Kota Pinang) - Ubud - Yogyakarta -

Note: This account of the traditional polities is organized island (group) by island (group), moving from West to East. Many rulers have a posthumous name recording the place of their death or burial, beginning with "Marhum"; these names are recorded here only when the personal or throne name of the ruler is unavailable.

   The Dutch East Indies had two administrative systems: Directly ruled areas and 282 (as of 1942) Self-administered native states (Zelfbesturen), whose rulers had entered into treaty relations with the Dutch suzerain either by "long political contract" in case of large states (16 states as of 1942), or "short declaration" for small states. On the "outer islands" (outside of Java) more than half of the territory were states (a majority of states were on Sumatra), however the population of the states made-up only 20% of the total Dutch East Indies population. In the interest of comprehensiveness, even if no record of rulers is available or recorded here yet, all self-administered states that existed during census of 1930 are recorded at least by name, population data and capital. Rulers of all states whose population exceeded 60,000 as of 1930 are currently recorded. Even the extinguishing of self-administered status did not end the traditional polities, as many of the hereditary rulers were integrated into the Dutch direct administration. Between 1946 and 1950 the directly ruled areas on Borneo and in East Indonesia were turned into neo-states (neo - zelfbesturen) by the Dutch, and ruled by councils that mostly reflected the previously abolished self-administered polities.

   Post-independence Indonesia had many of self-administered native states (swapraja) outside of Java and Sumatra as traditionally administered lower level of local administrations under rulers for that purpose styled Kepala by the Law No. 22 of 1948, until end of this arrangement by the Law No. 1 of 1957 effected by the early 1960's.  In the early 1950's there were 127 such self-administered areas (daerah swatantra). After a period of abeyance many traditional royalties have been revived as cultural institutions from the end of the 20th century onward.
SUMATRA
Note: In addition to the states whose rulers are recorded below, there were multiple other states on Sumatra. Due to very large number of very small states (more than half of them were former dependencies of the former Aceh state) they are divided into 2 geographical parts (Aceh and the rest of the island) and grouped by districts in the same way the census of 1930 did. States of districts had pooled treasuries or joint courts, but more elaborated district-wide administration was not implemented. The principal states on Sumatra whose relations with the Dutch were regulated by "long political contract" as of 1942 were Asahan, Deli, Kualu, Langkat, Pelalawan, Serdang, Siak. In early 1946, all the states on Sumatra were considered abolished as administrative entities by Indonesia.
ACEH AND ITS FORMER DEPENDENCIES

Note: In addition to the seven states listed below there was also large number of additional small states. As of 1930 the former dependencies of the former Aceh state were divided into 16 districts – states of 2 districts and their rulers are recorded below, and states of remaining 14 districts, as well as pooled state treasuries, are listed here (see list).
Aceh

[Aceh sultanate flag to 1903 (Indonesia)]
bf.1480 - 10 Jan 1903
Capital: Kutaraja
(Banda Aceh)
(Keumala Dalam
1874-1903)
 Population: 445,000
(1891)

c.1267 - 1517              Samudera Pasai sultanate (Kesultanan Samudera Pasai).
c.1514                     Aceh Darussalam sultanate (Kerajaan Aceh Darussalam) founded
                             (the name was usually written as Acheh, Atjeh, and Achin).
17 Mar 1824                Aceh's independence guaranteed by the London Treaty between
                             the Netherlands and U.K. This is annulled when the powers
                             sign the Sumatra Agreement on 2 Nov 1871 where U.K recognizes
                             Dutch control over Aceh.
24 Jan 1874                Dutch occupy Aceh's capital and declare annexation of the state.
10 Jan 1903                Sultan surrenders, the state is extinguished by the Netherlands 
                             colonial government (resistance continues to 1908).

Sultans (full style Sultan Berdaulat Zillu'llah fi'l-'Alam)
28 Jun 1589 - Apr 1604     Alauddin Ri'ayat Syah Sayyid         (d. 1605)
                             al-Mukammil
1604 -  4 Apr 1607         Ali Ri'ayat Syah III                 (d. 1607)
 4 Apr 1607 - 27 Dec 1636  Iskandar Muda Johan Pahlawan Meukuta
                             Alam                               (b. 1583? - d. 1636)
27 Dec 1636 - 15 Feb 1641  Iskandar Tsani Alauddin Mughayat Syah(b. 1610 - d. 1641)
Sultanas (full style Sultanah Berdaulat Zillu'llahi fi'l-'Alam)
18 Feb 1641 - 23 Oct 1675  Safiatuddin Tajul Alam Syah Jahan (f)(b. 1612 - d. 1675)
23 Oct 1675 - 23 Jan 1678  Naqiatuddin Nurul Alam (f)           (d. 1678)
23 Jan 1678 -  3 Oct 1688  Zaqiatuddin Inayat Syah (f)          (b. c.1645 - d. 1688)
 3 Oct 1688 - Oct 1699     Zainatuddin Kamalat Syah binti       (d. 1700)   
                             al-Marhum Raja Umar (f)
Sultans (full style Sultan Berdaulat Zill'ullah fi'l-'Alam)
1699 - 1702                Badrul Alam Syarif Hasyim Jamaluddin (d. 1702)
1702 - 1703                Perkasa Alam Syarif Lamtui           (d. af.1712)
                             (= Badrul Alam Syarif Lamtui al-Mutaawi Jamalul Lail)
1703 - Nov 1726            Jamalul Alam Badrul Munir            (d. af.1736)
1726  (days)               Jauharul Alam Aminuddin              (d. 1726)
1726 - Jan 1727            Syamsul Alam                         (d. af.1727)
Jan 1727 - May/Jun 1735    Alauddin IV Ahmad Syah               (d. 1735)
                             (= Zainul Abidin Maharaja Lela)
1735 - Aug 1760            Alauddin V Jahan Syah                (d. 1760)
Dec 1760 - Feb 1764        Alauddin Mahmud Syah I (1st time)    (d. 1781)
Feb 1764 - Aug 1765        Badruddin Jahan Syah (usurper)       (d. 1765)
1765 - Apr 1773            Alauddin Mahmud Syah I (2nd time)    (s.a.)
May 1773 - Jul 1773        Sulaiman Syah I (usurper)            (d. 1805)
Jul 1773 - Jun 1781        Alauddin Mahmud Syah I (3rd time)    (s.a.)
1781 - Feb 1795            Alauddin VI Muhammed                 (b. c.1760 - d. 1795)
Mar 1795 - Apr 1815        Alauddin VII Jauharul Alam Syah bin
                             Alauddin Muhammad Syah (1st time)  (b. 1786 - d. 1823)
1795 - 1802                Raja Udahna Lela -Viceroy (regent)   (d. 1805)
Apr 1815 - 1819            Saiyid Syarif Saiful Alam Syah       (d. 1828)
                             Jamalullail
1819 -  1 Dec 1823         Alauddin VII Jauharul Alam Syah bin
                             Alauddin Muhammad Syah (2nd time)  (s.a.)
1824 - 1838                Alauddin Muhammad I Da'ud Syah bin   (b. 1802 - d. 1838)
                             Alauddin Jauharul Alam Syah
1838 - 1857                Alauddin Sulaiman II Ali Iskandar    (d. 1857)
                             Syah
1838 - 1857                Tengku Ibrahim -Viceroy (regent)     (d. 1870)
1857 - 1870                Alauddin Ibrahim Mansur Syah         (s.a.)
                             (= Tengku Ibrahim)
1870 - 28 Jan 1874         Alauddin Mahmud Syah II bin Sulaiman (d. 1874)
1874 - 10 Jan 1903         Alauddin Muhammad Da'ud Syah II      (b. 1864 - d. 1939)
                             (from 1903, exiled by the Dutch to Ambon and finally Batavia)
1874 - 1884                Tengku Hasyim Banta Muda -Regent     (b. 1834 - d. 1897)

Guardians of the Ache State (full style Wali Nanggroe Aceh)
Apr 1884 - 21 Jan 1891     Teungku Chik di Tiro Muhammad Saman  (b. 1836 - d. 1891)
 1 Jan 1892 - 1896         Tiro Muhammad Amin bin Muhammad Saman(d. 1896)
1896 - 1898                Abdussalam bin Muhammad Saman        (d. 1898)
1898 - 1902                Sulaiman bin Muhammad Saman          (d. 1902)
1902 - 1905                Ubaidillah bin Muhammad Saman        (d. 1905)
1905 - 11 Dec 1910         Mahyuddin bin Muhammad Saman         (d. 1910)
11 Dec 1910 -  3 Jun 1911  Garot Muhammad Hasan (interim)       (d. 1911)
 4 Dec 1911 -  3 Dec 1976  Tiro Muaz bin Muhammad Amin          (d. 1976)
 4 Dec 1976 -  3 Jun 2010  Tengku Hasan Muhammad di Tiro        (b. 1925 - d. 2010)
                             (in Malaysia 1977-1980, then Sweden exile 1980-11 Oct 2008)
 4 Jun 2010 -              Teungku Malik Mahmud Al Haythar      (b. 1939)
                             (acting to 2 Nov 2012)
Aceh Selatan (Aceh South) district states

(1) Kluet

Capital: Suas Bakung
 Population: 20,000 (1930)

Rulers (title Kejuruan)
1828?                       Datuk Ambon
.... - 1911                 Aman Syah
1911 - 1924                 Raja Momin
1924 - ....                 Marah Adam

(2) Tarumon (Trumon)

[Tarumon (Trumon) (Indonesia)]

Capital: Tarumon
 Population: 5,000 (1930)

1830 - 1946                Dutch protectorate (Troemon).

Rulers (title Raja)
.... - c.1770              Si Ruyung
 c.1770 - 1817              Lebei Dapha Tunku Singkil
 1817 - 1833                Bujang II
1833 - 1884                Seri Muda Paduka Alam Sultan       (b. 1822? - d. 1884)
                              Mansur Muda bin Bujang
1884 - 1893                Sultan Iskandar Muda bin Sultan    (d. 1893) 
                             Mansur Muda
1893 - 1903                Jaafar Rayeu                       (b. 18.. - d. 1903)
 1904 - 1910                Bijeh Lada Muda Nasiruddin         (b. 1889 - d. 1910)
 1910 - 1927                Leh
1927 - 1942                Husain (1st time)
1942 - 1945                Daud
1945 - 1946                Husain (2nd time)
Takingeun district states

(1) Bubasan (Ceq Bobasan Ketol)
Capital: Bubasan
 Population: 11,000 (1930)

Rulers (title Kejuruan)
.... - 1934                Bedul Raja Ucak Aman Daud
1934 - ....                Raja Ujam
(2) Buket
Capital: Takingeun
 Population: 14,000 (1930)

Rulers (title Kejuruan)
.... - 1925                Maun
1925 - 19..                Muhammad Zainuddin
(3) Linggu
Capital: Linggu
 Population: 2,000 (1930)

Rulers (title Kejuruan)
.... - 1919                Aman Cahjamani
1919 - ....                Sasa Aman Talib
(4) Siah Utama
Capital: Nosar
 Population: 1,000 (1930)

Rulers (title Kejuruan)
.... - 1912                Aman Jelekah Siah Utama
1912 - 1919                Bital Pasi -Regent
1919 - 19..                Banta Cut (regent to 1934)
REMAINDER OF SUMATRA
Note: In addition to the states listed below there was also large number of additional small states. As of 1930 they were divided into 7 districts – all states of Labuhan Batu district and two of 7 states of Simelungun district and their rulers are recorded below, and the remaining states of remaining 6 districts, as well as pooled state treasuries, are listed here (see list).

Minangkabau

....                       Minangkabau realm founded in legendary antiquity.
15..                       Minangkabau becomes a Muslim sultanate.
16th cent.                 Royal power in Minangkabau split into three recognized reigning
                             kings: the Raja Alam ("King of the World"), Raja Adat ("King of
                             Adat") and Raja Ibadat ("King of Religion"); collectively
                             known as the Rajo Tigo Selo (Kings of the Three Seats").
c.1680                     State splits into Minangkabau, Sungai Tarap (no records
                             available), Suroasso, Pagar Ujong, and Awak Sungai.

(1) Minangkabau

1849                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.

Ruler (title Raja Alam Yang di Pertuan Sakti)
1641 - 1680                Tuanku Sultan Alif Kalipatullah
                             Raja Alam XXV   
1680 - 1695                Tuanku Perkasa Alam Pemangku
                             Raja Alam XXVI
1695 - 1719                Tuanku Sultan Raja Bagewang II
                             Pemangku Raja Alam XXVII 
1719 - 1739                Tuanku Sultan Arif Badaeunsyah
                             Raja Alam XXVIII
1739 - 1780                Tuanku Raja Alam Muningsyah I
                             Raja Alam XXIX
1780 - 1798                Tuanku Raja Basusu Ampek Tuanku    (b. 1745 - d. 1825) 
                             Raja Alam Muningsyah II Raja
                             Alam XXX
1798 - 1803                Tuanku Rajo Bawang Tuanku Raja Alam
                             Muningsyah III Raja Alam XXXI  
1803 - 1804                Raja Garang Tuanku Sambahyang III
                             Sumpur Kudus Pemangku Raja
                             Alam XXXII 
1804 - 1849                Tuanku Raja Hitam Tuanku Raja Alam (b. 1789 - d. 1849)
                             Bagagarsyah Johan Berdaulat
                             Raja Alam XXXIII

(2) Suroasso

1821                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.

Ruler (title Daulat Yang Dipertuan Raja Alam)
.... - 1821                Sultan Kerayahan Alam

(3) Pagar Ujong

[Pagar Ujong (Indonesia)]

1834                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.

Rulers (title Daulat Yang Dipertuan Raja Alam)
.... - 1821                Sultan Alam Bagager
1821 - 1834                Raja Yahsir Alam

(4) Awak Sungai

1816                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.

Sultan
1789 - 1816                Khalifatullah Inayat Syah


Pinangawan successor states (Labuhan Batu district states)

1630                       Pinangawan state split into Bila (Bilah), Sungai Taras
                             (incorporated into Bila in 1916), and Tasik (later named
                             Kota Pinang).
1700                       Panei (Panai) state separated from Bila.
1864                       Dutch protectorates, collectively known as the Labuhan Batu
                             district states (by 1935 all the 3 states, as well as Kualu, were
                             sharing the pooled treasury of Labuhan Batu).
Mar 1946                   Bila, Kota Pinang and Panei extinguished by popular
                             rebellion.

(1) Bila (Bilah)

[Bila (Bilah) flag (Indonesia)]

Capital: Negeri Lama
 Population: 56,000 (1930)

Sultans
1785 - 1800                Rakhmat Syah
1800 - 1835                Bidar Alam II
1835 - 1865                Bidar Alam III
1865 - 1903                Bidar Alam IV
1903 - 1946                Bidar Alam V

(2) Panei (Panai)

[Panei (Panai) (Indonesia)]

Capital: Labuhan Bilik
 Population: 17,000 (1930)

Rajas 
c.1775 - c.1790            Marhum Mangkat Salih [posthumous name]
1790 - 1813                Sati
Sultans
1813 - 1856                Mengedar Alam Syah I (Raja Badiri)
1856 - 1880                Gagar Alam Syah I
1880 - 1905                Mengedar Alam Syah II
1905 - 1907                Tengku Sulung Syahmara -Regent
1907 - 1938                Gagar Alam Syah II Rahmatullah
1938 - 1946                Mahmud Aman Gagar Alam Syah

(3) Sungai Taras (Kampong Raja)

Sultans
1775 - 1810                Marhum Asal [posthumous name]
1810 - 1835                Marhum Mangkat di-Rantau Baru 
                            [posthumous name]
1835 - 1871                Muda I
1871 - c.1916              Muda II

(4) Tasik (Kota Pinang)

Capital: Kota Bahran
 Population: 26,000 (1930)

Sultans
1795 - 1815                Bongsa II
1815 - 1871                Mustafa                     (d. 1871)
Heads (title Yang Dipertuan)
1871 - 1905                Sati
1905 - 1946                Sulung Mustafa Mamur Perkasa
                             Alam Syah


Asahan

[Asahan (Indonesia)]

Capital: Tanjung Balai
 Population: 136,000 (1930)

c.1630                     Asahan (Kesultanan Negeri Asahan) state founded.
 27 Sep 1865 - Dec 1945     Dutch protectorate.

Rajas
c.1630 - 16..              Abdul Jalil Rahmat Syah I
16.. - 17..                Said Syah bin Abdul Jalil Rahmat
                              Syah
17.. - 1760                Muhammad Mahrum Syah bin Said      (d. 1760)
                              Syah              
1760 - 1765                Abdul Jalil Rahmat Syah II         (d. 1765)
1765 - 1805                Dewa Syah bin Abdul Jalil          (d. 1805)
1805 - 1808                Musa bin Dewa Syah                 (d. 1808)
1808 - 1813                Ali bin Dewa Syah                  (d. 1813)
Sultans and Heads (Yang Dipertuan Besar)
1813 - 10 Feb 1859         Muhammad Husain Syah I bin Ali     (b. 1806 - d. 1859)
10 Feb 1859 - 27 Sep 1865  Ahmad Syah bin Husain Syah         (b. 1830 - d. 1888)
                              (deposed by Dutch authorities, but
                              continues to rule in the interior)
                             (1st time)
 29 Sep 1865 - 30 Nov 1867  Namalullah Syah bin Muhammad Ishak (d. 1882)
 30 Nov 1867 - 25 Mar 1886  Interregnum
25 Mar 1886 - 27 Jun 1888  Ahmad Syah bin Husain Syah         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 27 Jun 1888 -  7 Jul 1915  Muhammad Husain Syah II bin        (b. 1862 - d. 1915)
                             Muhammad Adil
  7 Jul 1915 - 1960         Saibun Abdul Jalil Rahmat Syah     (b. 1906 - d. 1980)
                             III bin Husain Syah
  7 Jul 1915 - 15 Jun 1933  Tengku Alang Yahya -Regent         (b. 1880 - d. 1940)
 1960 - 17 May 1980         Interregnum
 17 May 1980 -              Kamal Abrahim Abdul Jalil Rahmat   (b. 1958)
                             Syah


Deli

[Deli Sultanate (Indonesia)]  

Capital: Medan
 Population: 321,000 (1930)

c.1512                     Aru state founded.
1539 - 1564                Incorporated into Aceh.
160. - 1612                Incorporated into Johor (see under Malaysian states).
1612 - 1669                Incorporated into Aceh.
18 Mar 1814                Deli state, as Kesultanan Deli Darul Maimoon, formally independent.
22 Aug 1862 - Dec 1945     Dutch protectorate.
1918                       Medan a municipality under direct Dutch rule.

Rajas (style Raja Panglima)
1698 - 1728                Paderap
1728 - 1761                Pasutan
1761 - 1805                Gandar Wahid                       (d. 1805)
1805 - 18 Mar 1814         Mangedar Alam                      (d. 1850)
Sultans (style Sultan Panglima Mangedar 'Alam)
18 Mar 1814 - 18 Mar 1850  Amaluddin I Mangedar Alam Syah     (s.a.)
                             (= Mangedar Alam)
18 Mar 1850 - 22 Oct 1857  Otteman I Perkasa Alam Syah        (b. 1809 - d. 1857)
22 Oct 1857 - 24 Oct 1873  Amaluddin II Mahmud Perkasa Alam   (b. 1831 - d. 1873)
                             Syah 
24 Oct 1873 -  9 Sep 1924  Mamun al-Rasyid Perkasa Alam Syah  (b. 1853 - d. 1924)
1923 - 11 Sep 1924         Tengku Amaluddin Al-Sani -Regent   (b. 1877 - d. 1945)
 11 Sep 1924 -  4 Oct 1945  Amaluddin III Perkasa Alam Syah    (s.a.)
                             (= Tengku Amaluddin Al-Sani)
1933 -  4 Oct 1945         Tengku Otteman Al-Sani -Regent     (b. 1900 - d. 1967)
  4 Oct 1945 -  5 Jun 1967  Otteman II Al-Sani Perkasa Alam    (s.a.)
                             Syah (= Tengku Otteman Al-Sani)
 5 Jun 1967 -  4 May 1998  Azmi Perkasa Alam Syah             (b. 1936 - d. 1998)
 4 May 1998 - 21 Jul 2005  Otteman III Mahmud Ma'amun Padrap  (b. 1966 - d. 2005)
                             Perkasa Alam Syah 
23 Jul 2005 -              Mahmud Aria Lamantjiji Perkasa     (b. 1998)
                             Alam Syah
 23 Jul 2005 -              Raja Muda Tengku Haji Hamdi -Regent


Indragiri

[Indragiri (Indonesia)]

Capital: Rengat
 Population: 94,000 (1930)

1298                       Indragiri (Kerajaan Indragiri) founded.
1838 - Sep 1945            Dutch protectorate (largely not effected until 1858).

Sultans 
1687 - 1700                Abdul Jalilsyah
1700 - 1704                Mansyursyah
1704 - 1707                Modamadsyah
1707 - 1715                Musafarsyah
1715 - 1735                Zainal Abidin Indragiri (Ali)
1735 - 1765                Salehuddin Keramatsyah (Hasan)
1765 - 1784                Kecik Besar (Sunan)
1784 - 1815                Ibrahim
1815 - 1827                Mun Bungsu
1827 - 1838                Umar
1838 - 1876                Said Mudayad Syah
1876 - 1877                Ismail Syah
1877 - 1883                Husain Syah
1885 - 1902                Isa Mudayad Syah
1902 - 1963                Mahmud Syah
1902 - 1912                Raja Muda Uwok -Regent
1912 - 1963                Mahmudsyah     


Jambi

[Djambi (Jambi)(Indonesia)]

Capital: Jambi
 Population: 176,000 (1895)

1460                       Jambi state (Kerajaan Melayu Jambi) founded.
1615                       Kesultanan Jambi
1833                       Dutch protectorate (largely not effected until 1858).
1899                       State suppressed by Netherlands colonial government (resistance
                             continued to 1907).

Sultans
1696 - 1740                Muhammad Syah
1740 - 1770                Istra Ingologo
1770 - 1790                Ahmad Zainuddin Anom Sri Ingalaga
1790 - 1812                Masud Badruddin bin Ahmad Sultan
                             Ratu Seri Ingalaga
 1812 - 1833                Mahmud Muhieddin bin Ahmad Sultan
                             Agung Seri Ingalaga
 1833 - 1841                Muhammad Fakhruddin bin Mahmud
                             Sultan Keramat
 1841 - 1855                Abdul Rahman Nazaruddin bin Mahmud
 1855 -  5 Nov 1858         Taha Safiuddin bin Muhammad (1st time) (b. 1816 - d. 1904)
                            (deposed by Dutch authorities, but
                             continues to rule in the interior)
 2 Nov 1858 - 1881         Ahmad Nazaruddin bin Mahmud            (d. 1881)
 1881 - 1885                Muhammad Muhieddin bin Abdul Rahman
 1885 - 1899                Ahmad Zainul Abidin bin Muhammad       (d. 1903)
1899 - 26 Apr 1904         Taha Safiuddin bin Muhammad (2nd time) (s.a.)
1904 - 1906                Winto
1906 - 2012                Interregnum
18 Mar 2012 -  9 Aug 2021  Abdurrahman Taha Syaifuddin Syah       (b. 1950 - d. 2021)
2022 -                     Sayyid Fuad


Kualu (Kualuh)
 
Capital: Tanjung Pasir
 Population: 36,000 (1930)

1868                       Kualu (Kualuh) independent state ruled by former sultan of Asahan.
1886                       Dutch protectorate.
Mar 1946                   State extinguished by popular rebellion.

Sultans and Heads (Yang Dipertuan Besar) 
1868 - 20 Mar 1882         Namalullah Syah bin Muhammad Ishak (d. 1882)
20 Mar 1882 - 1946         Tunku Biong Muhammad Syah bin      (b. 1867 - d. 1946)
                             Namalullah Syah


Langkat

[Langkat (Indonesia)]

Capital: Tanjung Pura
 Population: 246,000 (1930)

1612                       Langkat (from 1887, Langkat Darul Aman) state founded.
26 Oct 1869 - Dec 1945     Dutch protectorate.

Rajas 
1673 – 1750                Raja Kahar ibni al-Marhum Sultan
                             Abdullah
1750 - 1814                Sutan Bendahara Raja Badi uz-Zaman
                             ibni al-Marhum Raja Kahar
                             (= Al-Marhum Kaca)
 1814 - 1818                Hitam ibni al-Marhum Sutan         (d. 1822)
                             Bendahara Raja Badi uz-Zaman
                             (= Kejuruan Tua Hitam) 
1818 - 1840                Ahmad Shah ibni al-Marhum Raja     (b. c.1807 - d. 1840)
                             Indra Bongsu (= Kejuruan Muda)
1840 - 1887                Tengku Ngah                        (b. 1807 - d. 1897)
Sultans
1887 - 23 May 1893         Musa al-Khalidy al-Muazzam Syah    (s.a.)
                             (= Tengku Ngah)
23 May 1893 -  1 Jul 1927  Abdul Aziz Abdul Jalil Rahmat Syah (b. 1875 - d. 1927)
 1 Jul 1927 - 23 Apr 1948  Mahmud Abdul Jalil Rahmat Syah     (b. 1893 - d. 1948)
23 Apr 1948 - 27 Oct 2002  Interregnum
 27 Oct 2002 - 21 May 2003  Iskandar Hilali Abdul Jalil Rahmat (b. 1952 - d. 2003)
                             Syah 
21 May 2003 -              Azwar Abdul Jalil Rahmat Syah      (b. 1951)


Moko-Moko (Mukomuko)

18..                       State suppressed.

Sultans
1681 - 1761                Tuanku Paduko Sarie Maharaja
                             Sultan Gadam Sah
1761 - 1806                Tuanku Sultan Sarie Maharaja
                             Pasissir Barat Sah
1806 - 1833                Tuanku Sarie Maharaja Sultan
                             Chalipattullah Indijat Sah 
1833 - 1836                Tuanku Sarie Maharaja Sultan
                             Hidaijat Tula Sah
22 Apr 1836 - af.Jan 1859  Tuanku Sarie Maharaja Sultan
                             Takadir Chalipattullah Sah


Pelalawan (Palalawan)

[Pelalawan (Indonesia)]

Capital: Pelalawan
 Population: 15,000 (1930)

1811                       Pelalawan state (Kesultan Pelalawan) founded, separated
                             from Siak Sri Indrapura.
1859 - 1942                Dutch protectorate.

Sultans (title Sultan Assyaidis) 
1811 - 1822                Abdul Rahman bin Uthman            (d. 1822)
1822 - 1828                Hasyim I bin Abdul Rahman          (d. 1828)
1828 - 1844                Ismail bin Abdul Rahman            (d. 1844)
1844 -  9 Jun 1866         Hamid bin Abdul Rahman             (d. 1866)
 9 Jun 1866 - 1872         Jafar bin Abdul Rahman             (d. 1872)
1872 - 1886                Abubakar bin Abdul Rahman          (d. 1886)
1886 - 1892                Sontol Said Ali Syahab             (d. 1892)
1892 -  1 Aug 1930         Tunku Besar Said Hasyim II         (d. 1930)
                             bin Abubakar bin Syahabuddin
 4 Aug 1930 - 12 Jan 1959  Said Harun Abdul Rahman Fakhruddin (d. 1959)
1930 - 1940                Tengku Syarif Usman -Regent
1959 - 2008                Interregnum
 7 Aug 2008 -              Syarif Kamaruddin Harun 


Palembang
[Palembang Darussalam (Indonesia)]
Capital: Palembang Population: 650,000 (1823)

1454                       Palembang Darussalam (Kesultanan Palembang Darussalam) founded.
 7 Oct 1823                State suppressed by Netherlands colonial government.
 4 Mar 2003                Royalty restored.

Emperors (Susuhunan) or Sultans
1659 - 1706                Abdurrahman Khalifatul Mukmin Sayidul
                             Imam (susuhunan)
1706 - 1718                Muhammad Mansyur Jayo Ing Lago
                             (sultan)
1718 - 1724                Agung Komaruddin Sri Teruno (sultan)
1724 - 1757                Muhammad Anom Alimuddin (sultan)
1757 - 17 Dec 1776         Ahmad Najamuddin I Adi Kesumo          (b. c.1710 - d. 1776)
                             (susuhunan)
1776 -  2 Apr 1804         Mahmud Badruddin I (sultan)            (b. 1729 - d. 1804)
12 Apr 1804 - 14 May 1812  Mahmud Badruddin II bin Muhammad       (b. 1767 - d. 1852)
                              (1st time) (sultan)
 14 May 1812 - 13 Jul 1813  Ahmad Najmuddin II bin Muhammad
                             (1st time)(sultan)
13 Jul 1813 - Aug 1813     Mahmud Badruddin II bin Muhammad       (s.a.)
                              (2nd time) (sultan)
 Aug 1813 -  7 Jun 1818     Ahmad Najmuddin II bin Muhammad 
                             (2nd time) (sultan)
 7 Jun 1818 -  1 Jul 1821  Mahmud Badruddin II bin Muhammad       (s.a.)
                              (3rd time) (from Dec 1819, susuhunan)
1821 -  7 Oct 1823         Ahmad Najmuddin III bin Ahmad (sultan)
 7 Oct 1823 -  4 Mar 2003  Interregnum
  4 Mar 2003 - 10 Sep 2017  Mahmud Badruddin III (sultan)          (b. 1920 - d. 2017)
10 Sep 2017 -              Mahmud Badaruddin IV Jayo Wikramo
                             (sultan)


Serdang

[Serdang State Flag (Indonesia)]

Capital: Perbaungan
 Population: 150,000 (1930)

1723                       Serdang (Kesultanan Serdang; from 1822, Negeri Kesultanan Serdang
                             Darul Arif) state separated from Deli.
1865 - Dec 1945            Dutch protectorate.

Rajas
1723 - 1782                Umar Johan Pahlawan Alam Shah bin  (b. 1696 - d. 1782)
                             Tuanku Panglima Paderap         
1782 - 1822                Ainan Johan Pahlawan Alam Shah bin (b. 1767 - d. 1822)
                             al-Marhum Tuanku Umar 
Sultans and Heads (title Sultan dan Yang di-Pertuan Besar Serdang)
1822 - 1851                Thaf Sinar Basyar Shah bin         (b. 1790 - d. 1851)
                             al-Marhum Tuanku Ainan Johan
                             Pahlawan Alam Shah    
1851 - 20 Dec 1879         Muhammad Basyaruddin Saiful Alam   (b. 1809 - d. 1879)
                             Shah bin al-Marhum Sultan Thaf
                             Sinar Bashar
20 Dec 1879 - 13 Oct 1946  Sulaiman Shariful Alam Shah bin    (b. 1862 - d. 1946)
                             al-Marhum Sultan Basharunddin
13 Oct 1946 - 28 Dec 1960  Anuar bin al-Marhum Sultan         (b. 1900 - d. 1960)
                             Sulaiman Shariful Alam Shah
                             (head of the royal house)
28 Dec 1960 - 28 Jan 2001  Abu Nawar Syarifullah Alam Shah    (b. 1932 - d. 2001)
                             al-Haj bin al-Marhum Sultan
                             Sulaiman Shariful Alam Shah
                             (formally recognized 17 Nov 1996)
28 Jan 2001 - 13 Jan 2011  Lukman Sinar Basyar Shah II bin    (b. 1933 - d. 2011)
                             al-Marhum Sultan Sulaiman
                             Shariful Alam Shah
12 Apr 2011 -              Achmad Thalaa Shariful Alam Shah   (b. 1962)
                             bin al-Marhum Tuanku Abunawar
                             Shariful Alam


Siak Sri Indrapura

[Siak Sri Indrapura state flag (Indonesia)]

Capital: Siak Sri Indrapura
 Population: 117,000 (1930)

1723                       Siak Sri Indrapura Darul Ridzuan state founded (separated
                            from Johor-Riau).
1797                       Banu Syihab dynasty installed.
 1 Feb 1858 - Oct 1945     Dutch protectorate.

Sultans and Heads (Yang Dipertuan Besar)
 1723 - 1740                Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah            (b. c.1700 - d. 1746)
1740 - 23 Nov 1760         Mahmud Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin Shah (b. 1723 - d. 1760)
23 Nov 1760 - 16 Jan 1761  Ismail Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin Shah (b. bf.1746 - d. 1781)
                             (1st time)                     
16 Jan 1761 - 1766         Abdul Jalil Alamuddin Riayat Shah  (b. c.1712 - d. 1765)
1766 - 19 Aug 1779         Muhammad Ali Abdul Jalil Muazzam   (d. 1779)
                             Shah 
19 Aug 1779 - 31 Jul 1781  Ismail Abdul Jalil Jalaluddin Shah (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)                     
31 Jul 1781 - Feb 1797     Yahya Abdul Jalil Muzaffar Shah    (b. 1760 - d. af.1804)
Feb 1797 - 1811            Saiyid Ali bin Uthman Abdul        (b. 17.. - d. 1821)
                             Jalil Saifuddin   
1811 - 1827                Ibrahim bin Saiyid Ali Abdul       (d. 1827)
                             Jalil Khaliluddin
 18.. - 1827                Saiyid Ali + Tengku Besar -Regents
                             (1st time)
1827 - 1864                Saiyid Ismail Abdul Jalil          (b. c.1819 - d. 1864)
                             Saiful Alam bin Muhammad
 1827 - 1840                Saiyid Ali + Tengku Besar -Regents
                             (2nd time)
1864 - 1889                Syarif Kasim I Abdul Jalil         (d. 1889)
                             Saifuddin bin Muhammad        
1889 - Apr 1908            Syarif Hasyim Abdul Jalil          (b. 1840 - d. 1908)
                              Saifuddin            
Apr 1908 - 26 Jan 1946     Syarif Kasim II Abdul Jalil        (b. 1893 - d. 1968)
                             Saifuddin
1908 - 1915                Tengku Besar Saiyid Sagof -Regent
26 Jan 1946 -  1 Dec 2012  Interregnum
  1 Dec 2012 -              Muhammad Shah

Simelungun district states
 
bf.1700                    Nagur state split into Siantar (under Damanik dynasty), Tanah Jawa
                             (under Sinaga dynasty), Dolok Silau and Panai states.
1889                       Siantar under the Dutch protection (in 1891, also Tanah Jawa).
1904                       Dutch protectorate effected, Purba, Raya and Si Lima V Kuta
                             recognized as separate states (by 1935 all the 7 states were
                             sharing the pooled treasury of Simelungun).
1946                       All states extinguished by popular rebellion.

(1) Siantar

Capital: Pematang Siantar
 Population: 90,000 (1930)

Rajas
c.1888 - 1906              Sang Nawaluh                       (b. c.1857 - d. 1914)
1906 - 1916                Regency
                           - Tuan Marihat (to 1912)
                           - Tuan Sidamanik
1906 - 1924                Riah Kadim Waldemar                (d. 1950)
1924 - 1946                Sawadin Bandar                     (d. af.1951)

(2) Tanah Jawa

Capital: Pematang Tanah Jawa
 Population: 85,000 (1930)

Rajas
c.1890 - 1907              Maligas                            (d. 1907)
1907 - 1912                Tuan Sanggah Goraha -Regent        (d. 1930)
1907 - 1917                Si Jintar                          (d. 1917)
1917 - 1919                Puang Bolon (f) -Regent
1917 - 1940                Sang Majadi                        (d. 1940)
1940 - 1946                Kaliamsyah                         (d. 1981)

RIAU ARCHIPELAGO
Lingga-Riau

[Sultanate of Lingga-Riau (Indonesia)]

Capital: Lingga
 Population: 107,000 (1895)

bf.1818                    Part of Johor (see under Malaysian states).
1819                       The Sultan of Johor-Riau is expelled from Johor; Riau secedes
                              as Sultanate of Lingga-Riau (Kesultanan Riau-Lingga)(formally
                             from 1824), under the Dutch protectorate.
 3 Feb 1911                Netherlands colonial government takes over administration.
  9 Jan 1913                State fully extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.
1947 – 1950                Restored as neo-state of Riau in the Bangka, Belitung, and Riau
                             federation.

Sultans and Heads (Yang Dipertuan Besar)
1819 -  9 Aug 1832         Sultan Abdul Rahman Muadzam Syah I
                             ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud     (b. 1780 - d. 1832)
                             Riayat Syah 
 9 Aug 1832 - 1835         Sultan Muhammad Syah ibni
                             al-Marhum Sultan Abdul Rahman    (b. 1803 - d. 1841)
                             Muadzam Syah 
                             (continues as regent for the following to 20 Jul 1841)
1835 -  7 Oct 1857         Sultan Mahmud Mudzafar Syah ibni   (b. 1823 - d. 1864)
                             al-Marhum Sultan Muhammad Syah
 7 Oct 1857 - 17 Sep 1883  Sultan Sulaiman Badarul Alam Syah  (d. 1883)
                             ibni al-Marhum Sultan Abdul 
                             Rahman Muadzam Syah 
13 Oct 1883 - 18 Feb 1885  Tengku Fatimah Embang (f) -Regent
18 Feb 1885 -  3 Feb 1911  Sultan Abdul Rahman Muadzam Syah II
                             bin Muhammad Yusuf               (b. 1851 - d. 1930)

JAVA
Note: The principal states on Java whose relations with the Dutch were regulated by "long political contract" as of 1942 were Surakarta and Yogyakarta. Rulers of Surakarta and Yogyakarta were the only rulers in the Dutch East Indies entitled to a salute of 19 guns and the Dutch residents in these states held (from 1928) the title of governor unlike  elsewhere.
Banten

[Banten royal flag (Indonesia)]

1333                       Pajajaran state founded.
1552                       Pajajaran replaced by Banten (Kasultanan Banten).
1682                       Dutch protectorate.
1813                       State extinguished by then British-run colonial government.
....                       Nominal royalty re-instituted.

Sultans
1777 - 1802                Abul Mufakhir Muhammad Alaeddin bin
                             Abul Nasr Muhammad Arif Zainul Asyikin
 1802 - 1805                Abul Fath Muhammad Muhieddin Zainul
                             Salihin bin Abul Nasr Muhammad Arif
                             Zainul Asyikin
 1805 - 1808                Abul Nasr Muhammad Ishak Zainul Muttakin
                             bin Abul Mufakhir Muhammad Alaeddin
 1808 - 1810                Abul Mufakhir Muhammad Alaeddin
                             bin Abul Mufakhir Muhammad Alaeddin
1810 - 1811                Muhammad Safiuddin bin Abul Fath
                             Muhammad Muhieddin Zainul Salihin
                             (1st time)
1811 - 1813                Ahmad bin Muhammad
1813 - 1816                Muhammad Muhieddin bin Abul
                             Mufakhir Muhammad Alaeddin
 1816 - 1832                Muhammad Safiuddin bin Abul Fath
                             Muhammad Muhieddin Zainul Salihin
                             (2nd time)
1832 - ....                Vacant
 c.1947                     Abul Mufakhir Muhammad Haruningrat


Cirebon

1478                       Cirebon state (Kesultanan Cirebon) founded.
1617                       Vassal of Mataram.
1678                       From this date Cirebon is ruled from four kraton (palaces),
                             the four lines are recorded separately below.
31 Jul 1681                Dutch protectorate (signed 6 Jan 1681.
1773                       Kaprabonan is divided between kraton Kasepuhan (Kesultanan
                             Kasepuhan) and kraton Kanoman (Kesultanan Kanoman).
 1812                       Royalty suspended by Netherlands colonial government. 
....                       Nominal royalty reinstated.

(1) Kraton Kasepuhan

Sultans (Sultan Sepuh [Elder Sultan])
 1679 - 1697                Sultan Sepuh I Syamsuddin  
 1697 - 1723                Sultan Sepuh II Jamaluddin
 1723 - 1753                Sultan Sepuh III Muhammad
                             Zainuddin I
 1753 - 1773                Sultan Sepuh IV Muhammad
                             Zainuddin II
 1773 - 1781                Regency
 1773 - 1781                ... Sultan Sepuh V                 (d. 1797)
 1781 - 1791                Hasanuddin Sultan Sepuh VI
 1791 - 1816                Djoharudin Sultan Sepuh VII        (b. 1782 - d. 1845)
 1816 - 1843                Radja Udaka Sultan Sepuh VIII      (d. 1843)
 1843 - 12 Mar 1853         Radja Sulaeman Sultan Sepuh IX     (d. 1853)
 1853 - 1871                Pangeran Raja Adiwijaya -Regent    (d. 1871)
 28 Feb 1872 - 31 May 1875  Pangeran Raja Dipati Satria Sultan (d. 1875)
                              Sepuh
1875 - Jun 1880            Sultan Pangeran Raja Jayawikarta   (d. 1880)
                              (temporary)
 16 Aug 1880 - 22 Oct 1885  Radja Atmadja Sultan Sepuh X       (d. 1885)
 1885 - 1899                Sultana Raden Ayu (f) -Regent  
 1899 - 1942                Radja Aluda Tajul Arifin Sultan    (b. c.1876 - d. 1942)
                             Sepuh XI                     
1942 - 1969                Radja Radjaningrat Sultan Sepuh    (b. 1920 - d. 1969)
                             XII
1969 - 30 Apr 2010         Radja Maulana Pakuningrat Sultan
                             Sepuh XIII                       (b. 1937 - d. 2010)
30 Apr 2010 -              Radja Adipati Arief Natadiningrat
                             Sultan Sepuh XIV                 (b. 1965)

(2) Kraton Kanoman (Canoman)

Sultans (Sultan Anom [Younger Sultan])
 1679 - 1703                Sultan Anom I Badruddin
 1703 - 1706                Sultan Anom II Pangeran Dipati
                             Muhammad Khairuddin I  
1706 - 1719                Raja Kusuma
 1719 - 1732                Sultan Anom III Muhammad Alimuddin
1732 - 1744                Raja Tumenggong
1744 - 1797                Sultan Anom IV Muhammad            (b. 1723 - d. 1797)
                             Khairuddin II
 1797 - 1819                Sultan Anom V Khairuddin           (d. 1853)
 1819 - 1858                Sultan Anom VI Muhammad Khairuddin
 1858 - 1871                Sultan Anom VII Muhammad           (d. 1872)
                             Kamaruddin I 
1871 - 1873                Vacant
 1873 - 1934                Sultan Anom VIII Muhammad
                             Kamaruddin II
 1934 - 1935                Sultan Anom IX Muhammad Dulkarnaen
 1935 - 1979                Sultan Anom X Muhammad Nurbuat
 1979 - 18 Nov 2002         Sultan Anom XI Haji Muhammad        (b. 19.. - d. 2002)
                             Djalaluddin
 5 Mar 2003 -              Sultan Anom XII Elang Saladin Muhammad 
                           - disputed with following -
2003 -                     Sultan Anom (XII) Muhammad Emiruddin(b. 1973)

(3) Kraton Kaprabonan

Rulers (Pangeran Adipati Kaprabonan)
1694 - 1714                Panembahan Cirebon I Muhammad
                             Nasaruddin
1714 - 1725                Raja Tumenggong Secadipura (1st time)
                             (temporary)
1725 - 1731                Panembahan Cirebon II Muhammad
                             Muhyiddin
1731 - 1752                Raja Tumenggong Secadipura (2nd time)
                             (temporary)
1752 - 1773                Panembahan Cirebon III Muhammad Tair
                             Jariri Sabririn Tajul Arifin bin
                             Muhammad Akbaruddin                (d. 1773)

(4) Kraton Kacirebonan

Sultans (Sultan Cirebon)
1697 - 1723                Pangeran Aria Cirebon Kamaruddin bin
                             Sultan Sepuh I 
1723 - 1734                Sultan Cirebon I Muhammad Akbaruddin
1734 - 1758                Sultan Cirebon II Muhammad Salihuddin
1758 - 1768                Sultan Cirebon III Muhammad Harruddin
1768 - 1808                Vacant
1808 -  2 Mar 1810         Sultan Kacirebonan I Sultan Carbon
                             Kaceribonan Amirul Mukminin Sultan  (d. 1814)
                             Cirebon IV bin Sultan Anom III
 2 Mar 1810 - 1819         Interregnum
1819 - 1851                Sultan Kacirebonan II Pangeran
                             Raja Madenda Hidayat
1851 - 18 Oct 1914         Sultan Kacirebonan III Pangeran       (d. 1914)
                             Raja Denda Wijaya
 9 Nov 1916 - 31 Jul 1931  Sultan Kacirebonan IV Pangeran
                             Raja Madenda Partadiningrat
12 Mar 1933 - 24 Feb 1950  Sultan Kacirebonan V Pangeran Raja    (d. 1950)
                             Madenda Raharjadiningrat
24 Feb 1950 - 14 Jan 1957  Sultan Kacirebonan VI Pangeran
                             Raja Sidek Arjaningrat
14 Jan 1957 - 14 Jan 1969  Sultan Kacirebonan VII Pangeran
                             Raja Harkat Nata Diningrat 
14 Feb 1969 -  8 Nov 1994  Sultan Kacirebonan VIII Pangeran      (d. 1994)
                             Raja Moh Mulyono Amir Natadiningrat
28 May 1997 -              Sultan Kacirebonan IX Pangeran
                             Raja Abdulgani Nata Diningrat Dekarangga


Mataram successor states

28 Feb 1677                Dutch protectorate.
13 Feb 1755                Mataram empire (Nagari Kasultanan Mataram) divided between
                             Surakarta (Kasunanan Surakarta Adiningrat)(the titular status
                             successor) and Yogyakarta (Jogjakarta)(Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta
                             Adiningrat) by the Treaty of Giyanti.
1749 - 1942                Dutch protectorate.
17 Mar 1757                The dynastic Mangku Negaran state (Kadipaten Mangkunegaran) is
                             established as a sovereign enclave in Surakarta 
22 Jun 1812                The dynastic Paku Alaman state (Negeri Pakualaman) is established
                             as a sovereign enclave in Yogyakarta.
Sep 1945                   Sub-provincial level special areas (daerah istimewa) of Surakarta
                             and Yogyakarta, headed by rulers.
Jun 1946                   Surakarta and Mangku Negaran are declared to be "abolished" by
                             Indonesia (but royalty continues), the special area of Surakarta
                             abolished.
 4 Mar 1950                Special area of Yogyakarta upgraded to provincial level
                             (see Yogyakarta under Indonesian provinces).

(1) Mataram and, from 1755, Surakarta "empire"

[Surakarta old state flag (Indonesia)]
Former State Flag
[Surakarta state flag (Indonesia)]
Current State Flag
Map of Surakarta
(1830)
Capital: Surakarta
Population:
1,704,000 (1930)

Emperors (title Susuhanan)¹
Jun 1677 -  3 Nov 1703     Amangku Rat II                     (b. 1639/42 - d. 1703)
 3 Nov 1703 - 24 Aug 1708  Amangku Rat III                    (d. bf.1734)
                             (from 1704, in eastern provinces only)
19 Jun 1704 - 22 Feb 1719  Paku Buwono I                      (b. c.1648 - d. 1719)
22 Feb 1719 - 20 Apr 1726  Amangku Rat IV                     (b. c.1680 - d. 1726)
20 Apr 1726 - 30 Jun 1742  Paku Buwono II (1st time)          (b. 1711 - d. 1749)
30 Jun 1742 - 24 Dec 1742  Amangku Rat V                      (b. 1726 - d. ....)
24 Dec 1742 - 11 Dec 1749  Paku Buwono II (2nd time)          (s.a.)
11 Dec 1749 - 26 Sep 1788  Paku Buwono III                    (b. 1732 - d. 1788)
26 Sep 1788 -  1 Oct 1820  Paku Buwono IV                     (b. 1768 - d. 1820)
 1 Oct 1820 -  5 Sep 1823  Paku Buwono V                      (b. 1784 - d. 1823)
 5 Sep 1823 - 14 Jun 1830  Paku Buwono VI                     (b. 1807 - d. 1849)
14 Jun 1830 - 10 May 1858  Paku Buwono VII                    (b. 1796 - d. 1858)
10 May 1858 - 28 Dec 1861  Paku Buwono VIII                   (b. 1789 - d. 1861)
30 Dec 1861 - 17 Mar 1893  Paku Buwono IX                     (b. 1830 - d. 1893)
17 Mar 1893 - 20 Feb 1939  Paku Buwono X                      (b. 1866 - d. 1939)
20 Feb 1939 -  1 Jun 1945  Paku Buwono XI                     (b. 1886 - d. 1945)
 1 Jun 1945 - 11 Jun 2004  Paku Buwono XII                    (b. 1925 - d. 2004)
31 Aug 2004 -  4 Jun 2012  Paku Buwono XIII (= Tedjuwulan)    (b. 1954)
                             (in opposition to following)
10 Sep 2004 -  2 Nov 2025  Paku Buwono XIII                   (b. 1948 - d. 2025)
15 Nov 2025 -              Paku Buwono XIV                    (b. 2002)

Dutch Governors of Surakarta
1928 - 1929                Max Buttner van der Jagt           (b. 1873 - d. 1960)
1929 - 1932                Jacques Jelle van Helsdingen       (b. 1879 - d. 1967)
1933 - 1937                Matthijs Jan Jacobus Treur         (b. 1888 - d. 1967)
1937 - 1942                Karel Johann Alex Orie             (b. 1890 - d. 1951)
1942                       Post abolished

 ¹The full style is Ingkang Sinuhun Kangjeng Susuhanan Paku Buwono Senapati Ingalaga 
Ngabdurahman Sayidin Panatagama, and the words from Paku Buwono on constitute each ruler's
throne name, here abbreviated to Paku Buwono.

(2) Yogyakarta (Jogjakarta)

[Yogyakarta (Jogjakarta) Sultanate state flag (Indonesia)]
State Flag
[Yogyakarta Royal Emblem of Sultan Hamengku Buwono X (Indonesia)]
Royal Flag from 7 Mar 1989
Map of Yogyakarta
 (1830)
Capital: Yogyakarta
(Jogjakarta)
Population:
1,399,000 (1930)

Sultans¹
13 Feb 1755 - 24 Mar 1792  Hamengku Buwono I                  (b. 1717 - d. 1792)
 2 Apr 1792 - 20 Jun 1812  Hamengku Buwono II (1st time)      (b. 1750 - d. 1828)
 31 Oct 1811 - 28 Dec 1811  Hamengku Buwono (III) -Regent      (b. 1769 - d. 1814)
 28 Jun 1812 -  3 Nov 1814  Hamengku Buwono III                (b. 1769 - d. 1814)
 9 Nov 1814 -  6 Dec 1823  Hamengku Buwono IV                 (b. 1804 - d. 1823)
 9 Nov 1814 - Aug 1816     Paku Alam I -Regent                (b. 1764 - d. 1829)
 19 Dec 1823 - 17 Aug 1826  Hamengku Buwono V (1st time)       (b. 1820 - d. 1855)
19 Dec 1823 - 17 Aug 1826  Regents (Guardians)2
15 Aug 1825 - Mar 1830     Dipa Negara (in rebellion)         (b. 1785 - d. 1855)
17 Aug 1826 -  2 Jan 1828  Hamengku Buwono II (2nd time)      (s.a.)
17 Jan 1828 -  5 Jun 1855  Hamengku Buwono V (2nd time)       (s.a.)
 17 Jan 1828 - 26 Nov 1836  Regents (Guardians)2 
 5 Jul 1855 - 20 Jul 1877  Hamengku Buwono VI                 (b. 1821 - d. 1877)
22 Dec 1877 - 29 Jan 1921  Hamengku Buwono VII                (b. 1839 - d. 1921)
 8 Feb 1921 - 22 Oct 1939  Hamengku Buwono VIII               (b. 1880 - d. 1939)
18 Mar 1940 -  2 Oct 1988  Hamengku Buwono IX                 (b. 1912 - d. 1988)
 7 Mar 1989 -              Hamengku Buwono X                  (b. 1946)

Dutch Governors of Yogyakarta
1928 - 1929                Johan Ernst Jasper                 (b. 1874 - d. 1945)
                             (resident from 1926)
1929 - 1932                Pieter Rudolph Wolter van Gesseler (b. 1883 - d. 1962)
                             -Verschuir
May 1932 - 1934            Helenius Henri de Cock             (b. 1881 - d. 1946)
1934 - 1939                Johannes Bijleveld                 (b. 1885 - d. 1943)
1939 - 1942                Lucien Adam                        (b. 1890 - d. 1974)
1942                       Post abolished

 ¹The full style is Kanjeng Sultan Hamengku Buwono Senapati Ingalaga Ngabdurahman Sayidin 
Panatagama Kalipatulah, and the words from Hamengku Buwono on constitute each ruler's throne
name, here abbreviated to Hamengku Buwono.

 2during the minority of Hamengku Buwono V (s.a.) 19 Dec 1823 - 26 Nov 1836 matters of the palace and state were administered by guardians as his regents, they were: his grandmother Ratu Ageng (f), mother Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Kencana (f)(b. 1802 - d. 18..), grandfather Pangeran Mangkubumi, uncle Pangeran Diponegoro (b. 1785 - d. 1855), and the patih Raden Adipati Danurejo IV (III)(d. 1849).

(2-1) Kaliwabang

1831                       Kaliwabang in secession from Yogyakarta.
1853                       Re-incorporated into Yogyakarta.

Ruler (title Pangeran)
1831 - 1853                Pangeran Adipati Nata Praya        (d. 1853)

(2-2) Nangulan

1831                       Nangulan in secession from Yogyakarta.
1833 - 1853                Under direct Netherlands colonial rule.
1853                       Re-incorporated into Yogyakarta.

Ruler (title Pangeran)
28 Apr 1831 - 1833         Pangeran Prabu Adiningrat 

(3) Mangku Negaran

[Mangku Negaran state flag (Indonesia)]

Map of Mangku
Negaran (1830)
Capital: Mangku Negaran
(Mangkunegaran)
Population: 908,000
 (1930)

Rulers¹
24 Feb 1757 - 28 Dec 1795  Mangku Negara I                    (b. 1726 - d. 1795)
28 Dec 1795 - 26 Jan 1835  Mangku Negara II (30 Oct 1821)     (b. 1768 - d. 1835)
26 Jan 1835 -  6 Jan 1853  Mangku Negara III (1 Sep 1842)     (b. 1803 - d. 1853)
25 Mar 1853 -  2 Sep 1881  Mangku Negara IV (16 Aug 1857)     (b. 1811 - d. 1881)
 2 Sep 1881 -  2 Oct 1896  Mangku Negara V (24 Jan 1894)      (b. 1855 - d. 1896)
 2 Oct 1896 - 11 Jan 1916  Mangku Negara VI (4 Nov 1896)      (b. 1857 - d. 1928)
11 Jan 1916 - 19 Jul 1944  Mangku Negara VII (23 Jul 1924)    (b. 1885 - d. 1944)
19 Jul 1944 -  3 Sep 1987  Mangku Negara VIII (30 Mar 1945)   (b. 1920 - d. 1987)
 3 Sep 1987 - 13 Aug 2021  Mangku Negara IX                   (b. 1951 - d. 2021)
 1 Mar 2022 -              Mangku Negara X                    (b. 1997)

 ¹Most rulers begin their rule with the style Pangeran Adipati Aria Prabhu Prangwadana, adopting the style Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Aria Mangku Negara Senapati Ingayuda at an auspicious time. They are here listed with the abbreviated throne name Mangku Negara, followed, if appropriate, by the date on which this style is adopted.

(4) Paku Alaman

[Paku Alaman (Indonesia)]

Map of Paku Alaman
(1830)
Capital: Paku Alaman
(Pakualaman)
Population: 112,000
 (1930)

Rulers¹
22 Jun 1812 -  4 Oct 1829  Paku Alam I                        (b. 1764 - d. 1829)
 4 Oct 1829 - 23 Jul 1858  Paku Alam II                       (b. 1786 - d. 1858)
23 Jul 1858 - 17 Oct 1864  Paku Alam III                      (b. 1827 - d. 1864)
17 Oct 1864 - 24 Sep 1878  Paku Alam IV                       (b. 1841 - d. 1878)
24 Sep 1878 -  6 Nov 1900  Paku Alam V                        (b. 1833 - d. 1900)
26 Nov 1900 -  9 Jun 1902  Paku Alam VI                       (b. 1856 - d. 1902)
 8 Jul 1902 - 16 Feb 1937  Paku Alam VII                      (b. 1882 - d. 1937)
16 Feb 1937 - 11 Sep 1998  Paku Alam VIII                     (b. 1910 - d. 1998)
11 Sep 1998 - 21 Nov 2015  Paku Alam IX                       (b. 1938 - d. 2015)
 7 Jan 2016 -              Paku Alam X                        (b. 1962)

 ¹The full style is Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Aria Paku Alam, the last two words constituting each ruler's throne name.


Bandung

[Possible Flag of Bandung state (Indonesia)]

20 Apr 1641                Bandung regency (Kabupaten Bandung) founded, part of Mataram.
 1704                       Ceded to the Dutch, royalty continues.

Rulers (title Pangeran)
1681 - 1704                Tumenggung Ardikusumah
1704 - 1747                Tumenggung Anggadiraja I
1747 - 1763                Tumenggung Anggadireja II
1769 - 1794                R. Wiranatakusuma I
                             (R. Anggadireja III)
1794 - 1829                Adipati Wiranatakusuma II
1829 - 1846                Adipati Wiranatakusuma III
1846 - 1874                Adipati Wiranatakusuma IV
1874 - Apr 1893            Adipati Kusumahdilaga              (d. 1893)
 7 Jun  1893 - 1920        Adipati Aria Martanagara           (b. 1845 - d. 1926)
 12 Apr 1920 - 1931         Adipati Aria Wiranatakusuma V      (b. 1888 - d. 1965)
                              (1st time)
1931 - 1935                T. Hasan Sumadipradja
1935 - 1945                Adipati Aria Wiranatakusuma V      (s.a.)
                              (2nd time)
 5 Jun 1945 - 1947         Tumenggung Endoeng Suriaputra      (b. 1894 - d. 1979)
 14 Jan 1948 - 1956         Tumenggung Muharram                (b. 1911 - d. 1992)
                              Wiranatakusuma VI 
1956 - 1957                Apandi Wiradiputra                 (b. 1908 - d. 19..)


Cianjur

c.1640                     Cianjur regency (Kabupaten Cianjur) founded, part of Mataram.
1681                       Ceded to the Dutch (Titsanjoer), royalty continued.

Rulers (title Pangeran)
1677 - 1690                Aria Wiratanu I                    (b. 1603 - d. 1691)
1691 - 1707                Aria Wiratanu II                   (b. 16.. - d. 1707)
1707 - 1727                Aria Wiratanu III
1727 - 1761                Adipati Wiratanudatar IV
1761 - 1776                Adipati Wiratanudatar V
1776 - 1813                Adipati Wiratanudatar VI
1813 - 1833                Adipati Prawiradireja I
1833 - 1834                Tumenggung Wiranagara
1834 - 1862                Aria Adipati Kusumahningrat        (d. 1862)
1862 - 27 Mar 1910         Aria Adipati Prawiradireja II
1910 - 1912                Demang Natakusumah -Regent
1912 - 1920                Adipati Aria Wiranatakusuma V      (b. 1888 - d. 1965)
1920 - 1932                A. Suriadiningrat
1932 - 1934                R. Sunarya -Regent
1934 - 1943                R.A.A. Suria Nata Atmaja           (b. 1893 - d. 19..)
1943 - 1945                R. Adiwikarta
1945                       R. Yasin Partadireja
1945 - 1946                R. Iyok Muhammad Sirodj
1946 - 1948                R. Abas Wilagasomantri
1948 - 1950                R. Ateng Sanusi Natawiyoga
1950 - 1952                R. Ahmad Suriadikusumah
1952 - 1956                R. Akhyad Penna
1956 - 1957                R. Hollan Soekmadiningrat          (b. 1906 - d. 1968)

Demak

[Kesultanan Demak (Indonesia)]

1475                       Demak (I) (Kesultanan Demak) split from Majapahit.
1568                       Annexed to Mataram.
 7 Oct 2009                Demak (II) royalty restored (not recognized by Indonesia). 

Ruler (title Raden Sumito Joyokosumo)
 7 Oct 2009 -              Sri Sultan Surya Alam Joyokosumo   (b. 1972)
                             (= Raden Suminto Joyokusumo)


Limbangan

c.1660                     Limbangan regency (Kabupaten Limbangan) founded, part of Mataram.
24 Mar 1706                Ceded to the Dutch, royalty continued.
22 Mar 1811 - 16 Feb 1813  Dissolved by the Dutch.
16 Feb 1813                Re-established, later renamed Garut regency (Kabupaten Garut).

Rulers (title Pangeran)
c.1660 - 1678              Nayavangsa
1678 - 1726                Kyai Mas Martasinga
1726 - 1740                Wangsadita
1740 - 1744                Rangga Limbangan
1744 - 1752                Surapraja
1752 - 1763                Wangsadiraja I Surapriya
1763 - 1799                Wangsadiraja II (1st time)
1799                       Wangsakusuma
1799 - 1805                Wangsadiraja II (2nd time)
1805 - 22 Mar 1811         Tumenggung Wangsakusumah II
1811 - 1813                Interregnum
16 Feb 1813 - 1831         Raden Adipati Aria Adiwijaya
1831 - 1836                R.A.A. Kusumadinata
1836 - 1871                Tumenggung Jaya Diningrat
1871 - 1915                R.A.A. Wiratanudatar VII            (d. 1916)
1915 - 1929                R.A.A. Soeria Kartalegawa      
1929 - 1944                R.A.A. Muh. Musa Suria Kertalegawa  (b. 1897 - d. 1978)
1944 - 1945                R. Tumenggung Endung Suriaputra     (b. 1894 - d. 1979)
1945 - 1948                R. Kalih Wiramihardja               (b. 1890 - d. 1955)
1948 - 1949                R. Tumenggung Agus Padmanagara      (b. 1896 - d. 1963)
1949 - 1950                R. Tumenggung Kartahudaya           (b. 1899 - d. 19..)
1950 - 1956                R. Moh. Sabri Kartasomantri 


Semarang

 2 May 1547                Semarang regency (Kabupaten Semarang) founded, part of Pajang.
1682                       Ceded to the Dutch, royalty continued.

Rulers (title Pangeran)
1674 - 1713                Kyai Mertonoyo
                             (= Tumenggung Yudonegoro, Adipati Suromenggolo)
1713 - 1723                Raden Mertoyudo (Raden Suminingrat)
1723 - 1742                Tumenggung Astroyudo
1743 - 1751                Raden Suminingrat (Surohadimenggolo I)
 1751 - 1773                Martowijoyo
                              (= Sumowijoyo, Sumonegoro, Surohadimenggolo II)
 1773 - 1778                Surohadimenggolo IV
 1778 - 1841                Surohadimenggolo V
1841 - 1845                Surohadimenggolo VI    
1845 - 1855                R.T.A. Soerohadiningrat
1855 - 1860                R.T.A. Reksonegoro
1861 - 1877                R.T.P. Soerjokoesoemo
1877 - 1881                R.T.P. Reksodiredjo
1881 - 1883                R.M.A.A. Poerboningrat
1883 - 1897                R.T. Tjokrodipoero
1897 - 1927                R.M.A.A. Poerbohadiningrat 
1927 - 1942                R.M.A.A. Amin Soejitno  
1942 - 1945                R.A.A. Soekarman Martohadinegoro 
1946 - 1949                M. Sumardjito Prijohadi Subroto 
1949                       R.M.T. Soetioso Tjondronegoro  
1950 - 1954                M. Sumardjito Prijohadi Subroto
1954 - 1956                R. Oetojo Koesoemo   


Sukapura

1641                       Sukapura regency (Kabupaten Sukapura) founded, part of Mataram.
1705                       Ceded to the Dutch, royalty continued.
 1 Jan 1913                Renamed Tasikmalaya regency (Kabupaten Tasikmalaya).

Rulers (title Pangeran)
1674 - 1723                Anggadipa I (= Wiradada III)
1723 - 1745                Subamanggala (= Wiradadaha IV)
1745 - 1747                Secapati (= Wiradadaha V)
1747 - 1765                Jaya Anggadireja (= Wiradadaha VI)
1765 - 1807                Djayamanggala II (= Wiradada VII)
1807 - 1837                Anggadipa II (= Wiradadaha VIII)
1837 - 1844                Danudiningra
1844 - 1855                Wiratanubaya
1855 - 1875                Wiraadegdana
1875 - 1901                Wirahadiningrat
1901 - 1908                Prawirahadingrat
1908 - 1937                Wiratanuningrat
1938 - 1944                Tumenggung Wiradipoetra
1944 - 1947                Tumenggung Aria Soenarya            (b. 1898 - d 1965)
1948 - 1951                R. Abas Wilagasomantri   
1951 - 1957                R. Priatna Kusumah


Sumedang

900 AD                     Sumedang state founded.
22 Apr 1578                Sumedang regency (Kabupaten Sumedang), part of Pajang.
1601                       Vassal of Mataram.
26 Oct 1706                Ceded to the Dutch, royalty continued.

Rulers (title Pangeran)
1656 - 1706                Pangeran Rangga Gempol III
                             (Pangeran Panembahan)
1706 - 1709                Tumenggung Tanumaja
1709 - 1744                Kusumadinata VII (Pangeran Karuhun)
1744 - 1759                Istri Rajaningrat
1759 - 1761                Kusumadinata VIII
1761 - 1765                Adipati Surianagara
1765 - 1773                Adipati Surialaga
1773 - 1775                Adipati Tanubaja
1775 - 1789                Adipati Patrakusumah
1789 - 1791                Aria Sacapati (Satjapati)
1791 - 1828                Kusumadinata IX
1828 - 1833                Adipati Kusumahyuda
1833 - 1834                Adipati Kusumadinata X
1834 - 1836                Suriadilaga
20 Jan 1836 - 22 Sep 1882  Suria Kusumadinata XI              (d. 1882)
30 Dec 1882 -  5 May 1919  Aria Soeria Atmadja                (b. 1851 - d. 1921)
1919 - 1937                Adipati Aria Kusumadilaga
1937 - 1946                Aria Sura Kusuma Adinata
1946 - 1947                Hasan Suria Sacakusumah (1st time) (b. 1900 - d. 1981)
 5 Dec 1947 - 1949         Mochamad Singer                    (b. 1903 - d. 1998)
1949 - 1950                Hasan Suria Sacakusumah (2nd time) (s.a.)

MADURA
Bangkalan

c.1531                     Bangkalan state founded.
1882                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government and turned
                             into a regency (Kabupaten Bangkalan).

Rulers
.... - 1648                Cakra Adiningrat I
1648 - 1707                Cakra Adiningrat II
1707 - Jan 1718            Cakra Adiningrat III               (d. 1718)
1718 - 1746                Cakra Adiningrat IV
1745 - 1762                Cakra Adiningrat V                 (d. 1770)
Rulers (title Panembahan)
1762 - 1770                Cakra Adiningrat V                 (s.a.)
1770 - 1780                Cakra Adiningrat VI                (d. 1780)
Sultans
1780 - 1808                Cakra Adiningrat VII               (d. 1815)
1808 - 1815                Cakra Adiningrat VII               (s.a.)
1815 - 27 Jan 1847         Cakra Adiningrat VIII              (d. 1847)
Rulers (title Panembahan)
27 Jan 1847 - 1863         Cakra Adiningrat IX                (d. 1863)
1863 - 1882                Cakra Adiningrat X                 (d. 1882)
Rulers (title Bupati)
1882 - 1905                Pangeran Tjakra Adiningrat
                             (Cakra Adiningrat XI)
1905 - 1918                R.A.A. Suryonegoro 
1918 - 1948                Raden Ario Suryowinoto             (b. 1886 - d. 1953)
                             (Adipati Ario Tjakraningrat XII)
1948 - 1956                R.A. Mohamad Zis Cakraningrat      (b. 1911 - d. 1961)
1956 - 1957                R.A. Moh. Ruslan Cakraningrat      (b. 1913 - d. 1976)


Sumenep

c.1269                     Sumenep (Kadipaten Sumenep; 1825-1854 Kesultanan Sumenep) or
                             Purwareja state founded.
1705                       Ceded to the Dutch, royalty continued.
1879                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.

Rulers (title Pangeran)
1709 - 1721                Ario Purwonegoro
1721 - 1744                Ario Cokronegoro III
1744 - 1749                R. Alza (Pangeran Lolos)
1749 - 1750                K. Lesap
1750 - 1762                Tirtonegoro R. Rasmana   
1762 - 1811                Tirta Negara II Natakusuma I
Ruler (title Panembahan)
1811 - 1825                Adipati Natakusuma II
Sultan
1825 - 1854                Adipati Natakusuma II Paku Nataningrat
                             (Abdurrahman Pakunataningrat I)
Rulers (title Panembahan)
1854 - 1879                Natakusuma (Notokusumo) II
1879 - 1901                Pangeran Ario Paku Nataningrat II
                             (acting to 1883)
1901 - 1926                Ario Pratamingkusumo
1926 - 1929                Ario Prabuwinoto
1929 - 2011                Interregnum
15 Mar 2011 - 201.         Abdurrahman Pakunataningrat IV             (d. 201.)


Pamekasan

1530                       Pamekasan regency (Kabupaten Pamekasan).
1854                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.

Rulers
1685 - 1708                R.T.A Adikoro I (R. Dhakseno)
1708                       R.T.A. Joyonegoro (R. Saseno)
1708 - 1737                R.T.A Adikoro II (R. Asral)
1737 - 1743                R.T.A Adikoro III
                             (R. Sujono Baskarang)
1743 - 1750                R. Ismail (R.T.A Adikoro IV)
1750 - 1752                R.T.A. Adiningrat
1752 - 1800                R.T.A. Cokroadiningrat I (R. Alsari)
1800 - 1804                R.T.A Cokroadiningrat II (R. Alsana)
1804 - 1842                Mangku Adiningrat
                             (R. Abdul Latief Palguna)
1842 - 1854                Adipati Ario Suryo Kusumo Raganata
                             (R. Banjir)
1854 - 1891                R. Ario Moh. Hasan
1891 - 1922                R. Ario Abdul Aziz
                             (Pangeran Mangkua diningrat)
1922 - 1934                R. Abdul Jabbar
                             (R. Adipati Ario Kertoamoprojo)
1934 - 1942                R. Adipati Ario Abdul Aziz
                             (R. Adipati Ario Mangkuadiningrat)
1942 - 1950                R. Zainal Fattah (R.T.A. Noto Adikusumo)
1951 - 1959                R. Hairuddin Harjokusumo

BALI
Note: The eight states on Bali formed area (daerah) of Bali in the State of East Indonesia, led by the council of rajas 1946-1950, chaired by ruler of Gianyar, with headquarters in Denpasar. In the early 1950's until 1958/59, the states became self-administered areas (daerah swatantra) of Indonesia.
Klungkung 

[Klungkung (Bali, Indonesia)]

Capital: Klungkung
 Population: 86,000 (1930)

1352                       Upon the breakup of the all-Bali state, primacy of status continues
                             at Samprangan, later at Gelgel, and from 1686 at Klungkung
                              (Kerajaan Klungkung), with the distinctive style Dewa Agung.
 24 May 1843                Dutch protectorate (Klong-Kong)(largely not effected until 1906).
12 Jun 1849 - 1904         Ruler styled Susuhunan ("emperor") of Bali and Lombok
                             by the Netherlands colonial government.
1904 - 17 Oct 1906         Ruler styled Susuhunan Klungkung by colonial government.
28 Apr 1908                State extinguished by colonial government.
25 Jul 1929                Ruling line nominally restored.
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored.

Rulers (title Dewa Agung)
 1 Nov 1686 - 11 Nov 1722  Dewa Agung Jambe I                 (b. c.1640 - d. 1722)
12 Nov 1722 -  6 Apr 1736  Dewa Agung Gede
1736 - c.1760              Dewa Agung Made
c.1760 - 1790              Dewa Agung Sakti                   (d. c.1814)
c.1790 - 1809              Dewa Agung Putra I Kasamba
.... - ....                Dewa Agung Pañji
                            (probably regent for incapacitated Dewa Agung Putra)
.... - 1809                Dewa Agung Putra I 
                            (probably regent for incapacitated Dewa Agung Putra)
1809 - 1814                Gusti Ayu Karang (f) -Regent
1814 - 1850                Dewa Agung Isteri Kania (f)        (b. 1799 - d. 1868)
                           - jointly with the following two -
1814 - 18 Aug 1850         Dewa Agung Gede Putra II
19 Aug 1850 - 1850         Dewa Agung Gde Putera Sakti        (d. 1850)
1850 - 1903                Dewa Agung Putra III Bhatara Dalem
1903 - 28 Apr 1908         Dewa Agung Jambe II                (b. 1855 - d. 1908)
28 Apr 1908 - 25 Jul 1929  Interregnum
25 Jul 1929 - 1964         Dewa Agung Oka Geg                 (b. 1896 - d. 1964)
1964 - 1998                Interregnum
1998 - 2010?               Dewa Agung Cokorda Gede Agung
10 Oct 2010 -              Dewa Agung Gede Agung Semaraputra


Badung
Capital: Denpasar
 Population: 193,000 (1930)

c.1600                     Badung (Kerajaan Badung) or Pinatih state founded, later called
                             Pamecutan.
c.1800                     State split into Pamecutan, Badung (Den Pasar), and Kesiman.
1843                       Dutch protectorate (Badong)(largely not effected).
20 Sep 1906                State extinguished by Netherlands colonial power
25 Jul 1929                Ruling line nominally restored, Pamecutan merged with
                             Badung (Den Pasar), with Kesiman becoming a sub-state.
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored with its divisions.

(1) Pamecutan

[Badung-Pamecutan (Indonesia)]

Rulers (title Cokorda)
1683 - 31 Oct 1686         Gusti Macan Gading
c.1718                     Kyai Anglurah Pamecutan Sakt
.... - ....                Kyai Anglurah Pamecutan Muring Ukiran
.... - ....                Kyai Anglurah Pamecutan Bhija
18.. - 1813                Kyai Agung Gede Raka
1813 - 1829                Kyai Anglurah Pamecutan Muring Gedong
1829 - 1840                Anak Agung Lanang
1840 - 1851                Kyai Agung Gede Woka Mur ing Madarda
1851 - 1906                Cokorda Agung Pamecutan -Regent    (d. 1906)
1906 - 1946                Interregnum
1946 - 17 Mar 1986         Cokorda Ngurah Gede Pamecutan      (b. c.1896 - d. 1986)
1986 - 22 Dec 2021         Anak Agung Ngurah Manik Parasara   (b. 1945 - d. 2021)
                             (Cokorda Ngurah Pemecutan XI)

(2)Badung (Den Pasar)

[Badung (Den Pasar)(Indonesia)]

1826 - 1860                Under Kesiman dominiation.

Rulers (title Cokorda)=
1788 - 1813                I Gusti Ngurah Made Pemecutan I
1813 - 1817                I Gusti Ngurah Jambe Pemecutan
1817 - 1829                I Gusti Ngurah Made Pamecutan II 
1829 - 1848                I Gusti Gede Ngurah Pemecutan
1848 - 1902                I Gusti Alit Ngurah Pemecutan
1902 - 20 Sep 1906         I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung          (b. 1876 - d. 1906)
1906 - 1929                Interregnum
1929 - 1965                Ida Cokorda Alit Ngurah            (d. 1965)
1965 - 1998                Ida Cokorda Ngurah Agung
1998 - 2005                Ngurah Gede Manik Parisara Ida
                             Cokorde Pemecutan
2005 - 2023                Ida Cokorda Ngurah Jambe Pemecutan
2023 -                     Ida Pengelingsir Agung Putra Jambe
                             Pemecutan

(3)Kesiman

[Badung-Kesiman (Indonesia)]

18 Sep 1906                Dutch conquest of Puri Agung Kesiman.

Rulers (title Cokorda)
1813 - 1861                Gusti Ngurah Gede Kesiman
1861 - 1904                Gusti Ngurah Ketut
1904 - 18 Sep 1906         Anak Agung Ngurah Mayun            (d. 1906)
18 Sep 1906 - 1927         Interregnum
1927 - 1954                Gusti Ngurah Made                  (d. 1959)
1954 - 1989                Interregnum
1989 -                     Anak Agung Ngurah Kusuma Wardhana


Bangli
Capital: Puri Bangli
 Population: 72,000 (1930)

1686                       Bangli state (Kerajaan Bangli) re-founded.
1843                       Dutch protectorate (largely not effected until 1904).
25 Jun 1849 - 15 Feb 1854  Rules over Buleleng.
1909                       State ceded to Netherlands with ruler remaining as the
                             local Dutch administrator (regent).
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored.

Rulers (title Anak Agung)
.... - c.1804              Dewa Gede Tangkeban I
c.1804 - 1815              Dewa Rahi
1815 - 1833                Dewa Gede Tangkeban II
1833 - 1875                Dewa Gede Tangkeban III
1875 - 1880                Dewa Gede Tangkaban IV
16 Aug 1881 - 18 Nov 1892  Dewa Gede Ngurah Tangkaban V
1894 - 1911                Dewa Gede Cokorde
1913 - 1925                Dewa Gede Rai -Regent
1925 - 1930                Dewa Gede Taman -Regent
1930 - 1931                Dewa Putu Bukian (acting)
1931 - 1961                Anak Agung Ketut Ngurah            (d. 1961)
1961 -                     Anak Agung Made Rai Rama


Buleleng
Capital: Singaraja
 Population: 171,000 (1930)

1660                       Buleleng state (Kerajaan Buleleng) founded.
 1841                       Dutch protectorate (Boeleleng)(largely not effected until 1849).
 25 Jun 1849 - 15 Feb 1854  Ruled by Bangli.
1872                       State temporarily extinguished by colonial government.
1890                       State revived.
1893                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.
18 Jul 1929                Ruling line nominally restored.
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored.

Rulers (title Anak Agung)
1698 - 1732                Anglurah Panji Gede                (b. 16.. - d. 1732)
1732 - c.1760              Ngurah Panji Bali                  (d. c.1760)
c.1760 - 17..              Ngurah Panji
17.. - c.1780              Ngurah Jelantik                    (d. c.1780)
c.1780 - 1793              Ngurah Made Jelantik               (d. c.1803)
1793 - 1804                Gusti Nengah Bungkal
 1804 - 1806                Gusti Nyoman Karang
 1806 - 1818                Gusti Gede Wayan Karang Asem       (d. 1818)
1818 - 1823                Dewa Gusti Gede Ngurah Pahang      (b. 1800 - d. 1823)
1823 - 1825                Gusti Gede Made Sori
 1825 - 22 May 1849         Gusti Ngurah Made Karang Asem      (d. 1849)
1849 - 1850                Dewa Made Rai                      (d. 1906)
1850 - 1851                Dewa Gede Putu Tangkaban
 1851 - 1854                Gusti Made Jelantik -Regent
1854 - Feb 1873            Gusti Ketut Jelantik               (d. 1893)
1873 - 1929                Interregnum
 18 Jul 1929 - 25 Jul 1944  Gusti Putu Jelantik                (b. 1880 - d. 1944)
                             (regent to 30 Jun 1938)
25 Jul 1944 - 1947         I Gusti Nyoman Panji Tisna         (b. 1908 - d. 1978)
                              (1st time)              
1947 - 1950                I Gusti Ngurah Ketut Jelantik      (d. 1970)
                             Panji Sakti II
 1950 -  2 Jun 1978         I Gusti Nyoman Panji Tisna         (s.a.)
                              (2nd time)             
1978 - 2004                Interregnum
 2004 -                     Ngurah Brawida                     (b. 1958)


Gianyar
 
Capital: Gianyar
 Population: 164,000 (1930)

1710                       Gianyar state (Kerajaan Gianyar) succeeds Beng state.
1843                       Dutch protectorate (Granjar)(largely not effected until 1904).
1885 - 1891                State occupied by Klungkung.
1908                       State ceded to the Netherlands with ruler remaining as the
                             local Dutch administrator (regent).
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored.

Rulers (title Dewa Manggis)
.... - ....                Dewa Manggis I Kuning
.... - ....                Dewa Manggis II Pahang
.... - .....               Dewa Manggis III Bengkel
c.1771 - 1788              Dewa Manggis IV Sakti
c.1788 - 1820              Dewa Manggis V Madya
1820 - 1839                Dewa Pahang I
1839 - 30 Oct 1847         Dewa Manggis VI Rangki 
1847 - 1856                Dewa Pahang II
1856 - 1885                Dewa Manggis VII Satria
1885 - 1891                occupied by Klungkung
1891 - 1896                Dewa Ngurah Pahang III
1896 - 1912                Dewa Gede Raka 
                             (from 1908, Dewa Manggis VIII)
Rulers (title Anak Agung)
1913 - 1943                Ide Anak Agung Ngurah Agung
1943 - 1946                Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung           (b. 1921 - d. 1999)
                             (1st time) 
1946 - 1960                Ide Anak Agung Gde Oka             (d. 1993)
1960 - 22 Apr 1999         Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung           (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
1999 -                     Anak Agung Gde Agung


Jembrana
Capital: Negara
 Population:
47,000 (1930)

12 Jun 1849                Jembrana (Djembrana)(Kerajaan Jembrana) state re-founded
                             as a Dutch protectorate.
1882                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.
1929                       Ruling line nominally restored.
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored. 

Rajas (title Anak Agung)
.... - ....                Gusti Agung Basangtamiang
.... - ....                Gusti Brangbangmuruti
.... - ....                Gusti Gede Giri
.... - ....                Gusti Ngurah Tapa
.... - ....                Gusti Made Yasa
.... - ....                Gusti Gede Andul
.... - 1766                Gusti Ngurah Agung Jembrana
.... - 1766                Gusti Ngurah Batu -Regent
1766 - 17..                Gusti Gede Jembrana  
1797 - 1809                Gusti Putu Andul
 c.1805                     Gusti Rahi -Regent
c.1805 - 1808              Kapitan Patimi -Regent
1809 - 1835                Gusti Putu Sloka
1811 - 1812                Gusti Wayahan Pasekan -Regent
1812 - 1814                Gusti Made Pasekan -Regent
c.1835 -  1840             Gusti Alit Mas -Regent
c.1835 - 1840              Gusti Putu Dorok  -Regent
c.1840 - 1849              Gusti Made Penarungan -Regent
c.1840 - 1849              Gusti Ngurah Made Pasekan -Regent  (d. 1866)
1849 - 1855                Gusti Putu Ngurah Sloka            (d. 1876)
1855 - 1866                Gusti Ngurah Made Pasekan          (s.a.)
                             (regent 1849-1855)
1867 - 1882                Anak Agung Made Rai -Regent        (b. 18.. - d. 1905)
1882 - 1929                Interregnum
1929 - 1967                Anak Agung Bagus Negara            (b. 1900 - d. 1967)


Karang Asem

[Karang Asem (Indonesia)]

Capital: Karang Asem
(Karangasem)
 Population:
191,000 (1930)

1661                       Karang Asem state (Kerajaan Karangasem) founded.
1843                       Dutch protectorate (largely not effected until 1893).
24 May 1849 - 1894         Occupied by Lombok.
1908                       State ceded to Netherlands with ruler remaining as the
                             local Dutch administrator (regent).
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored. 

Rajas (title Anak Agung)
1691 - 1692                Anglurah Ketut Karangasem
 .... - ....                Anglurah Made Karang
 .... - 1730                Gusti Wayahan Karangasem           (d. 1730)
 1730 - May 1775            Anglurah Made Karangasem Sakti     (d. 1775)
Jul 1775 - 1806            Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem       (d. 1806)
1806 - 1822                Gusti Gede Ngurah Lanang (1st time)(d. 1837)
 1822                       Gusti Gede Ngurah Pahang
 1822 - 1828                Gusti Gede Ngurah Lanang (2nd time)(s.a.)
 1828 - Jun 1838            Gusti Ngurah Bagus Pañji Karangasem(d. 1839)
 Jun 1838 - May 1839        Gusti Gede Ngurah Cotong           (d. 1839)
May 1839 - 20 May 1849     Gusti Gede Ngurah Karangasem       (d. 1849)
 24 May 1849 - 1894         occupied by Lombok
 1890 - 28 Dec 1908         Gusti Gede Jelantik -Regent        (b. 18.. - d. 1916)
28 Dec 1908 -  7 Nov 1966  Agung Anglurah Ketut Karang Asem   (b. 1887 - d. 1966)
                             (regent to 30 Jun 1938)
 7 Nov 1967 -  5 Sep 2007  Anak Agung Agung Made Jelantik     (b. 1919 - d. 2007)
 5 Sep 2007 -  9 Apr 2009  Interregnum
  9 Apr 2009 -              Anak Agung Gede Putra Agung


Mengwi

c.1723                     Mengwi state (Kerajaan Mengwi) founded (Dutch protectorate,
                             Mengoei).
 1882 - 1892                State extinguished by Badung and divided between Badung, Klungkung,
                             Gianyar, and Tabanan.

Rajas
c.1723 - 1740              Gusti Agung Made Alangkajeng
c.1740                     Gusti Agung Putu Mayun
c.1740 - c.1770/80         Gusti Agung Made Munggu
c.1770/80 - 1793/94        Gusti Agung Putu Agung
 c.1770/80 - 1807           Gusti Ayu Oka Kaba-Kaba -Regent
1807 - 1823                Gusti Agung Ngurah Made Agung I
1829 - 1836                Gusti Agung Ngurah Made Agung II Putra
1836 - 1850/55             Gusti Agung Ketut Besakih
1836 - 1857                Gusti Ayu Istri Biang Agung (f) -Regent
1859 - 1891                Gusti Agung Ngurah Made Agung III
 1882 - 1929                Interregnum
 1929 - 1950                Anak Agung Bagus Negara             (d. 1967)


Tabanan
 
Capital: Tabanan
 Population:
177,000 (1930)

1651                       Tabanan state (Kerajaan Tabanan) founded.
1843                       Dutch protectorate (Tabankan)(largely not effected).
1906                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government.
1929                       Ruling line nominally restored.
 1 Jul 1938                State fully restored. 

Rulers (title Cokorda)
c.1700                     Prabhu Magada Sakti
17.. - 17..                Anglurah Mur Pamade
c.1734                     Gusti Ngurah Seka
17.. - 17..                Gusti Ngurah Gede
17.. - 1793                Gusti Ngurah Made Rai
1793 - c.1820              Gusti Ngurah Rai Penebel 
c.1820                     Gusti Ngurah Ubung
c.1820 - 1844              Gusti Ngurah Agung I
1844 - 1868                Gusti Ngurah Agung II
1868 -  3 Mar 1903         Sirarya Gusti Ngurah Agung Tabanan (b. 1823 - d. 1903)
 3 Mar 1903 - 1906         Gusti Ngurah Rai Perang            (d. 1906)
1906 - 1929                Interregnum
Rulers (title Anak Agung)
1929 - 1939                Cokorda Ngurah Ketut               (b. c.1897 - d. 1939)
1938 - 1944                Gusti Ngurah Wayan -Regent
1944 - 1987                Cokorda Ngurah Gede                (d. 1987)
1987 - 21 Mar 2008         Interregnum
21 Mar 2008 -              Cokorda Anglurah Tabanan     


Ubud

....                       Sukawati state (Kerajaan Sukawati) founded.
 c.1800                     Renamed Ubud, a sub-state under Gianyar.
 1906                       State extinguished by Netherlands colonial government,
                             nominal ruling line continued. 

Rulers (title Dewa Agung)
c.1713 - 1733              Dewa Agung Anom
1733 - c.1756              Dewa Agung Gede Mayun
                             Dalem Patemon
c.1756 - c.1757            Dewa Agung Gede Sukawati
c.1757 - c.1800            Dewa Agung Made Peliatan
Rulers (title Cokorda)
c.1800 - 18..              Cokorda Putu Kandel
18.. - 1874                Cokorda Sukawati
1874 - c.1888              Cokorda Rai Batur
c.1888 - 1919              Cokorda Gede Sukawati
1919 - 1931                Cokorda Gede Raka Sukawati         (b. 1899 - d. 1979)
1931 - 1950                Cokorda Gede Agung Sukawati        (b. 1910 - d. 1978)





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