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Foreign Concessions and Colonies
Chinese Eastern
Railroad Zone (CER)
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![[Russian flag]](ru_1991.gif)
![[Flag of USSR]](su.gif)
![[Japan]](jp.gif)
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Railroad Zone |
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120,000 (1922) |
27 Aug 1896
Russia and China sign contract for building Chinese
Eastern Railroad.
17 Dec 1896
Chinese Eastern Railroad Society (Russian: Kitaisko-
Vostochnaya zheleznaya doroga [KVZhD]) established
in St. Petersburg, later moved
to Vladivostok.
Jul 1897
Construction begun on Chinese Eastern railroad, 1,481 km
(Tarskaya - Hilar - Harbin - Nikolsk
- Ussuriski).
16 May 1898
Harbin headquarters established.
Aug 1898
Defense for the Chinese Eastern Railroad (CER) across Manchuria
assumed by Russia, under the governor
of Priamur.
3 Nov 1901
Traffic opened, regular passenger traffic begun from
St. Petersburg to Vladivostok.
1 Jul 1903
Chinese Eastern Railroad opened under (Russian controlled)
CER administration.
12 Aug 1903 - 1 Jul 1905 CER zone subordinated to viceroyalty
of Far East (see Port Arthur).
5 Sep 1905
Southern spur (Changchun to Port Arthur) ceded to
to Japan (from 1906 named South Manchurian
Railway).
1 Aug 1906
Ussurian line granted on 25 year lease to Russia.
Nov 1917 - 6 Nov 1920 CER zone administered
by "White" Russian forces.
1919 - Nov 1922 Japanese forces garrion the CER zone.
1 Jul 1920
Ussurian line separated from CER.
6 Nov 1920 Chinese government asserts control over the CER.
31
May 1924
CER administered by Soviet Union, part of Far Eastern region.
11 Jul 1929 - 22 Dec 1929 Chinese Nationalist authorities seize control of the CER.
23 Mar 1935
Southern spur transferred to Manchukuo by Japan.
and Northern spur of CER sold
to Japan by U.S.S.R.
1 Sep 1935
Soviet Union sells CER to Manchukuo for 140 million yen.
18 Aug 1945
Harbin liberated by Soviet troops.
18 Aug 1945 - 16 Sep 1952 Joint Sino-Soviet administration
of the Chinese Eastern
and South Manchurian Railroads.
16 Sep 1952 Soviet Union transferrs its rights over railway lines to China.
Presidents of the Chinese Eastern Railroad Society (and from 31 May 1924, Directors-general)
17 Dec 1896 - Jan 1897 Stanislav Ippolitovich Kerbedz (b. 1844 - d. 1906)
(acting)
1897 - Jul 1900
Hsu Ching Cheng (Xü Qingcheng)
(d. 1900)
1900 - 1919 Vacant
1919 - 1921 Chzhu Cin-Lan
1921 - Sep 1924
Sung Hsiao-lien (Song Xiaoliang)
Sep 1924 - 192. Pao Kuei-ching (Bao Guiqing)
(b. 1865 - d. 1934)
192. - 192. Liu Shan-chin
192. - 192. Yui Chien-han
1927? - 1929 Lu Jung-huan
Dec 1929 - 193. Ho Fu-mian
Directors (from 31 May 1924 Managers) of the Chinese Eastern Railroad and
Governors Chinese Eastern Railroad Zone (in Harbin)
1 Jul 1903 - 6 Nov 1920 Dmitry Leonidovich Khorvat (Horvath) (b. 1858 - d. 1937)
(from Feb 1917 Commissar; from 27
Apr 1918,
Director-Superintendent)
1920 Priminov (acting)
1920 - 1921
Dmitry Kozakiewicz (acting)
2 Feb 1921 - Nov 1924 Boris Vasilyevich
Ostroumov
Nov 1924 - 1927
V. Ivanov
1927 - 10 Jul 1929
Aleksandr Ivanovich Yemshanov
(b. 1891 - d. 1941)
17 Dec 1929 - Mar 1935 Yuly Vikentyevich Rudyi
(b. 1887 - d. 1938)
1935 - 1 Apr 1937
Lev Vladimirovich Lemberg
(d. 1937)
18 Aug 1945 - 19..
Zhuravlyov
South Manchurian Railroad Zone (SMR)
![[Southern Manchuria Railway Co. flag]](cn_jsmrw.gif)
Southern Manchuria Railway Co.
5 Sep 1905
Southern spur of Chinese Eastern Railway (Changchun to Port Arthur)
ceded to Japan by Russia.
1906 South Manchuria Railway Company (Minami Manshu Tetsudo
Kabushiki-gaisha) founded by Japan.
23 Mar 1935
Transferred to Manchukuo by Japan.
1937 South Manchurian Railroad Zone abolished.
1945 SMR dissolved.
Presidents of the South Manchurian Railway Company (all from Japan)
13 Nov 1906 - 14 Jul 1908 Count Shinpei Goto
(b. 1857 -
d. 1929)
19 Dec 1908 - 18 Dec 1913 Yoshikoto Nakamura (Korekimi Nakamura)(b. 1867 - d. 1927)
19 Dec 1913 - 15 Jul 1914 Ryutaro Nomura (1st time)
15 Jul 1914 - 31 Jul 1917 Yujiro Nakamura
31 Jul 1917 - 12 Apr 1919 Shimbei Kunisawa
12 Apr 1919 - 31 May 1921 Ryutaro Nomura (2nd time)
31 May 1921 - 14 Oct 1922 Senkichiro Hayakawa
(b. 1863 - d. 1922)
24 Oct 1922 - 22 Jun 1924 Takeji Kawamura
(b. 1871 - d. 1955)
22 Jun 1924 - 19 Jul 1927 Banichiro Yasuhiro
19 Jul 1927 - 14 Aug 1929 Jotaro Yamamoto
(b. 1867 - d. 1936)
14 Aug 1928 - 13 Jun 1931 Mitsugu Sengoku
13 Jun 1931 - 6 Jul 1932 Count Yasuya Uchida
(b. 1865 - d.
1936)
26 Jul 1932 - 2 Aug 1935 Hakutaro Hayashi
2 Aug 1935 - 24 Mar 1939 Yosuke Matsuoka
(b. 1880 -
d. 1946)
34 Mar 1939 - 14 Jul 1943 Takuichi Ohmura
14 Jul 1943 - 11 Apr 1945 Naoto Kohiyama
(b. 1886 -
d. 19..)
5 May 1945 - 30 Sep 1945 Motoki Yamazaki
Hong Kong
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Administrators (resident in Macau)
26 Jan 1841 - 12 Aug 1841 Charles Elliot
(b. 1801 - d. 1875)
22 Jun 1841 - 26 Jun 1843 Alexander Robert Johnston
(b. 1812 - d. 1888)
(acting for Elliot and
for Pottinger)
12 Aug 1841 - 26 Jan 1843 Sir Henry Eldred Curwen Pottinger
(b. 1789 - d. 1856)
Commanders-in-chief (resident in Hong Kong)
26 Jan 1841 - 1 Mar 1841 Sir James John Gordon Bremer
(b. 1786 - d. 1850)
2 Mar 1841 - 22 Jun 1841 Sir Hugh Gough
(b. 1779 - d. 1869)
Governors
26 Jun 1843 - 8 May 1844 Sir Henry Eldred Curwen Pottinger
(s.a.)
8 May 1844 - 18 Mar 1848 John Francis Davis
(b. 1795 - d. 1890)
(from Jul 1845, Sir John Francis
Davis)
18 Mar 1848 - 21 Mar 1848 William Staveley (acting)
(b. 1784 - d. 1854)
21 Mar 1848 - 12 Apr 1854 Sir Samuel George Bonham
(b. 1803 - d. 1863)
Mar 1852 - Feb 1853 William
Jervois (acting for Bonham)(b. 1784 - d. 1862)
13 Apr 1854 - 5 May 1859 Sir John Bowring
(b. 1792 - d. 1972)
5 May 1859 - 9 Sep 1859 William Caine (acting)
(b. 1800 - d. 1871)
9 Sep 1859 - 15 Mar 1865 Sir Hercules George Robert
(b. 1824 - d. 1897)
Robinson
15 Mar 1865 - 11 Mar 1866 William T. Mercer (acting)
(b. 1821 - d. 1879)
11 Mar 1866 - 11 Apr 1872 Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell
(b. 1814 - d. 1881)
11 Apr 1877 - 16 Apr 1872 Henry Wase Whitflield (acting)
(b. 1809 - d. 1877)
16 Apr 1872 - 1 Mar 1877 Sir Arthur Edward Kennedy
(b. 1810 - d. 1883)
15 Oct 1874 - 5 Nov 1874 John Gardiner Austin (1st
time) (b. 1811? - d. 1900)
(acting for Kennedy)
11 Mar 1875 - 2 Dec 1875 John Gardiner Austin (2nd
time) (s.a.)
(acting for Kennedy)
1 Mar 1877 - 22 Apr 1877 John Gardiner Austin (3rd
time) (s.a.)
(acting)
22 Apr 1877 - 7 Mar 1882 John Pope Hennessy
(b. 1834 - d. 1891)
(from 21 Apr 1880, Sir John Pope
Hennessy)
7 Mar 1882 - 28 Mar 1882 Malcolm Struan Tonnochy (acting)
28 Mar 1882 - 30 Mar 1883 Sir William Henry Marsh (1st time)
(b. 1827 - d. 1906)
(acting)
30 Mar 1883 - 21 Dec 1885 Sir George Ferguson Bowen
(b. 1821 - d. 1899)
21 Dec 1885 - 25 Apr 1887 Sir William Henry Marsh (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting)
25 Apr 1887 - 6 Oct 1887 William Gordon Cameron (acting)
(b. 1827 - d. 1913)
6 Oct 1887 - 7 May 1891 Sir George William Des
Voeux (b. 1834 - d. 1909)
7 May 1891 - 10 Dec 1891 George Digby Barker (acting)
(b. 1833 - d. 1914)
10 Dec 1891 - 1 Feb 1898 Sir William Robinson
(b. 1836 - d. 1912)
1 Feb 1898 - 25 Nov 1898 Wilsone Black (acting)
(b. 1837 - d. 1909)
25 Nov 1898 - 21 Nov 1903 Sir Henry Arthur Blake
(b. 1840 - d. 1918)
21 Nov 1903 - 29 Jul 1904 Francis Henry May (1st time)
(b. 1860 - d. 1922)
(acting)
29 Jul 1904 - 20 Apr 1907 Sir Matthew Nathan
(b. 1862 - d. 1939)
20 Apr 1907 - 29 Jul 1907 Sir Francis Henry May (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting)
29 Jul 1907 - 16 Mar 1912 Sir Frederick John Dealtry Lugard
(b. 1858 - d. 1945)
16 Mar 1912 - 24 Jul 1912 Claud Severn (1st time) (acting)
(b. 1869 - d. 1933)
24 Jul 1912 - 12 Sep 1918 Sir Francis Henry May (3rd time)
(s.a.)
12 Sep 1918 - 30 Sep 1919 Claud Severn (2nd time) (acting)
(s.a.)
30 Sep 1919 - 19 Mar 1925 Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs
(b. 1876 - d. 1947)
19 Mar 1925 - 1 Nov 1925 Claud Severn (3rd time) (acting)
(s.a.)
1 Nov 1925 - 1 Feb 1930 Sir Cecil Clementi
(b. 1875 - d. 1947)
1 Feb 1930 - 9 Mar 1930 Wilfrid Thomas Southorn
(1st time) (b. 1879 - d. 1957)
(acting)
9 May 1930 - 17 May 1935 Sir William Peel
(b. 1875 - d. 1945)
17 May 1935 - 13 Sep 1935 Sir Wilfrid Thomas Southorn
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
13 Sep 1935 - 1 Nov 1935 Norman Lockhart Smith (1st
time) (b. 1887 - d. 1968)
(acting)
1 Nov 1935 - 12 Dec 1935 Sir Wilfrid Thomas Southorn
(s.a.)
(3rd time) (acting)
12 Dec 1935 - 16 Apr 1937 Sir Andrew Caldecott
(b. 1884 - d. 1951)
16 Apr 1937 - 28 Oct 1937 Norman Lockhart Smith (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting)
28 Oct 1937 - 6 Sep 1941 Sir Geoffrey Alexander Stafford
(b. 1881 - d. 1948)
Northcote
Apr 1940 - 6 Aug 1940 Norman Lockhart
Smith (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Northcote)
6 Aug 1940 - 13 Mar 1941 Edward Felix Norton
(b. 1884 - d. 1954)
(acting for Northcote)
6 Sep 1941 - 10 Sep 1941 Norman Lockhart Smith (4th
time) (b. 1887 - d. 1968)
(acting)
10 Sep 1941 - May 1947 Sir Mark Aitchinson
Young (b. 1886 -
d. 1974)
(Japanese prisoner 25 Dec 1941
- 16 Aug 1945)
25 Dec 1941 - 20 Feb 1942 Takashi Sakai
(b. 1887 - d. 1946)
+ Masaichi Niimi
(b. 1887 - d. 1993)
(military chiefs)
20 Feb 1942 - 24 Dec 1944 Rensuke Isogai
(b. 1886 - d. 1967)
1 Feb 1945 - 16 Aug 1945 Hisaichi Tanaka
(b. 1889 - d. 1947)
28 Aug 1945 - 30 Aug 1945 Franklin Charles Gimson
(b. 1890 - d. 1975)
(chief of provisional government)
1 Sep 1945 - 1 May 1946 Sir Cecil Harcourt
(b. 1892 - d. 1959)
(military governor)
May 1947 - 25 Jul 1947 David Mercer MacDougall
(acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1991)
25 Jul 1947 - Dec 1957 Sir Alexander William
Grantham (b. 1899 - d. 1978)
Dec 1957 - 23 Jan 1958 Edgeworth Beresford
David (acting) (b. 1908 - d. 1965)
23 Jan 1958 - Mar 1964 Sir Robert Brown
Black
(b. 1906 - d. 1999)
Mar 1964 - 14 Apr 1964 Edmund Brinsley
Teesdale (acting) (b. 1915 - d. 1997)
14 Apr 1964 - Oct 1971 Sir David Clive
Crosbie Trench (b. 1915 - d. 1988)
Oct 1971 - 19 Nov 1971 Sir Hugh Selby Norman-Walker
(b. 1916 - d. 1985)
(acting)
19 Nov 1971 - Apr 1982 Sir Murray MacLehose
(b. 1917 - d. 2000)
Apr 1982 - 20 May 1982 Sir Philip Haddon-Cave
(acting) (b. 1925 - d. 1999)
20 May 1982 - 4 Dec 1986 Sir Edward Youde
(b. 1924 - d. 1986)
4 Dec 1986 - 9 Apr 1987 Sir David Akers-Jones
(acting) (b. 1927)
9 Apr 1987 - 9 Jul 1992 Sir David Wilson
(b. 1935)
(from 14 Feb 1992, David Wilson,
Baron Wilson of Tillyorn)
9 Jul 1992 - 30 Jun 1997 Christopher "Chris" Patten
(b. 1944)
Kiaochow (Qingdao)
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(4,500 whites) |
14 Nov 1897
Kiaochow (Tsingtao) Bay (Kiautschou) occupied by Germany.
6 Mar 1898
Leased for 99 years to Germany.
23 Aug 1914
China cancels German lease.
7 Nov 1914
Occupied by Japan.
10 Dec 1922
Returned to China.
10 Jan 1938 - Sep 1945 Re-occupied by Japan.
Military Governor
14 Nov 1897 - 7 Mar 1898 Otto von Diederichs (b. 1843 - d. 1918)
Governors
7 Mar 1898 - 19 Feb 1899 Carl Rosendahl
(b. 1852 - d. 1917)
19 Feb 1899 - 27 Jan 1901 Otto Ferdinand Paul Jäschke
(b. 1851 - d. 1901)
27 Jan 1901 - 8 Jun 1901 Max Rollmann (acting) (b. 1857 - d. 1942)
8 Jun 1901 - 19 Aug 1911 Oskar Truppel
(b. 1854 - d. 1931)
19 Aug 1911 - 7 Nov 1914 Alfred Meyer-Waldeck
(b. 1864 - d. 1928)
Military Governors
7 Nov 1914 - 1919
Mitsuomi Kamio
(b. 1856 - d. 1925)
1919 - 10 Dec 1922
Mitsue Yuhi
(b. 1860 - d. 1940)
Kwangchowan (Kwangchowwan)
-
- 27 May 1898 - 28 Feb 1946
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27 May 1898
French leased territory (Territoire de Kouang-Tchéou-wan).
5 Jan 1900 Subordinated to Tonkin in French
Indochina.
Jun 1940 - Feb 1943 Administration
loyal to Free France.
Feb 1943 - Sep 1945 Occupied
by Japan.
30 Jul 1943
Retroceded to the Japanese sponsored Chinese National
Government by Vichy France (not
recognized by
Free French or the Republic of
China).
28 Feb 1946
Lease vacated by France, restored to China; Port-Bayard
renamed Zhanjiang (Chan-chiang).
Administrators (from 1900, subordinated to French Residents at Tonkin
in
French Indochina [see under Vietnam])
1898 - 1900
Charles Louis Théobald
(b. 1842 - d. 1902)
Courrejolles
1900 - 1902
Gustave Alby (1st time)
(b. 1855 - d. 1920)
1902 - 1903
Théophile Henri Bergès
1903 - 1906
Gustave Alby (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1906 - 1908
Jean-Fernand Gautret
(b. 1862 - d. 1912)
1908 - 1910
Henri Victor Sestier
(b. 1857 - d. 19..)
1910 - 1 Apr 1910
Paul Edgar Dufrénil
(b. 1856 - d. 19..)
1910 - 1911
....
1911 - 1912
Jean Ernest Moulié
1912
Pierre Stéphane Salabelle
1912 - 1915
Henri Jean Auguste Caillard (b.
1872 - d. 19..)
1915 - Nov 1917
Marius Albert Garnier
(b. 1870 - d. 1929)
Nov 1917 - 1919
....
1919 - 1922
Jean-Félix Krautheimer (1st time) (b. 1874 - d. 1943)
1922
Paul Marie Alexis Joseph Blanchard
de la Brosse (1st time)
1922 - 1923
Jean-Félix Krautheimer (2nd time) (s.a.)
1923 - 1925
Paul Michel Achille Quesnel
1925 - 1927
Paul Marie Alexis Joseph Blanchard
de la Brosse (2nd time)
1927 - 1929
Louis Félix Marie Édouard Rivet (b. 1869
- d. 19..)
1929 - 1932
Achille Louis Auguste Sylvestre
1932 - 1933
Pierre Charles Edmond Jabouille
1933 - 1934
Paul Delamarre
1934 - 1936
Maurice Émile Henri de Tastes
1936 - 1937
Camille Fernand Chapoulart
1937 - 1942
Jacques Henri Paul Le Prevôt
1942
Louis Frédéric Claire
Guillaume
Marty
1942 - 1943
Pierre Marie Jean Domec
Feb 1943 - Sep 1945 ....
(Japanese commanders)
Kwantung
(Port Arthur)
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21 Nov 1894
Japanese occupy Port Arthur (Lüshun).
17 Apr 1895
Port Arthur (Lüshun) ceded to Japan by China
under Treaty of Shimonoseki.
5 May 1895
Russia, France, and Germany force Japan to retrocede
the territory to China.
27 Dec 1897
Occupied by Russia.
27 Mar 1898
Port Arthur (Dalny) a Russian leased territory of Kwantung
(Kvantunskaya oblast).
12 Aug 1903
Seat of Russian Viceroyalty of the Far East.
2 Jan 1905
Occupied by Japan.
5 Sep 1905
Japanese leased territory (Kwantung Territory),
Port Arthur renamed Ryojun (Dairen).
12 Apr 1919
Civil administration replaces military.
23 Aug 1945
Occupied by Soviet Union.
Sep 1945 - 11 Oct 1955 Joint rule by Soviet
Union and China.
11 Oct 1955
Fully re-incorporated into China.
Japanese Military Governor
21 Nov 1894 - 5 May 1895 Count Nogi Maresuke
(b. 1843 - d. 1912)
Russian Military Governors
27 Dec 1897 - 13 May 1898 Fyodor Vasilyevich Dubasov
(b. 1845 - d. 1912)
(commander of Russian Pacific
fleet)
13 May 1898 - 1898
Oskar Viktorovich Stark
(b. 1846 - d. 1828)
Administrator
1898 - 1899
Dean Ivanovich Subovic
(b. 1852 - d. 1920)
Chief administrators (from 30 Jul 1903, also Governors of the
Far East)
19 Aug 1899 - 25 Oct 1904 Yevgeny Ivanovich Alekseyev
(b. 1843 - d. 1918)
(from 30 Jul 1903, Viceroy)
5 May 1904 - 1 Jan 1905 Anatoly Mikhailovich
Stessel (b. 1848 - d. 1915)
(acting [for Aleksyev to 25 Oct
1904])
Military governor
2 Jan 1905 - 18 Oct 1905 Baron Yasukata Oku
(b. 1847 - d. 1939)
Governors-general
18 Oct 1905 - 26 Apr 1912 Baron Yoshimasa Oshima
(b. 1850 - d. 1926)
(from 1906, Viscount Yoshimasa
Oshima)
26 Apr 1912 - 15 Sep 1914 Baron Yasumasa Fukushima
(b. 1852 - d. 1919)
15 Sep 1914 - 31 Jul 1917 Baron Satoru Nakamura
(b. 1854 - d. 1925)
31 Jul 1917 - 11 Apr 1919 Baron Yujiro Nakamura
(b. 1852 - d. 1928)
Governors
12 Apr 1919 - 24 May 1920 Baron Gonsuke Hayashi
(b. 1860 - d. 1939)
24 May 1920 - 8 Sep 1922 Isaburo Yamagata
(b. 1857 - d. 1927)
8 Sep 1922 - 19 Sep 1923 Baron Hikokichi Ijuin
(b. 1864 - d. 1924)
26 Sep 1923 - 17 Dec 1927 Hideo Kodama
(b. 1876 - d. 1947)
17 Dec 1927 - 7 Aug 1929 Kenjiro Kinoshita
(b. 1869 - d. 1947)
7 Aug 1929 - 16 Jan 1931 Masahiro Ota
(b. 1870 - d. 1951)
16 Jan 1931 - 11 Jan 1932 Seiji Tsukamoto
(b. 1872 - d. 1945)
11 Jan 1932 - 8 Aug 1932 Mannosuke Yamaoka
(b. 1876 - d. 1968)
8 Aug 1932 - 27 Jul 1933 Baron Nobuyoshi Muto
(b. 1868 - d. 1933)
28 Jul 1933 - 10 Dec 1934 Takashi Hishikari
(b. 1871 - d. 1952)
10 Dec 1934 - 6 Mar 1936 Jiro Minami
(b. 1874 - d. 1955)
6 Mar 1936 - 7 Sep 1939 Kenkichi Ueda
(b. 1875 - d. 1962)
7 Sep 1939 - 18 Jul 1944 Yoshijiro Umezu
(b. 1882 - d. 1949)
18 Jul 1944 - 23 Aug 1945 Otozo Yamada
(b. 1881 - d. 1965)
Soviet Commandants
1945 - 194.
Vladimir Dmitriyevich Ivanov (b. 1900 - d. 1968)
1947 - 1953
Afanasy Pavlantyevich Beloborodov (b. 1903 - d. 1990)
May 1953 - 1955 Vasily
Ivanovich Shvetsov (b. 1898 - d. 1958)
Commanders of the Pacific Fleet at Port Arthur
(subordinated to administrators)
Mar 1898 - May 1898 Nikolay
Romanovich Grevé (acting) (b. 1853 - d. 1913)
(1st time)
13 May 1898 - 18 Oct 1902 Oskar Viktorovich Starck
(s.a.)
1902 - 1904
Nikolay Romanovich Grevé (2nd time)(s.a.)
Apr 1904 - 1 Jan 1905 Ivan Konstantinovich
Grigoryevich (b. 1853 - d. 1930)
Macau (Macao)
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Captains-major
1555 - 1557 ....
1557 - 1558
Francisco Martins
1558 - 1559
Lionel de Sousa
1559 - 1560
Rui Barreto
1560 - 1561
Manuel de Mendonça
1561 - 1562
Fernão de Sousa
1562 - 1563
Pero Barreto Rolim
1563 - 1565
Diogo Pereira
1565 - 1566
João Pedro Pereira
1566 - 1567
Simão de Mendonça (1st time)
1567 - 1568
Tristão Vaz da Veiga (1st time)
1568 - 1569
António de Sousa
1569 - 1571
Manuel Travassos
1571 - 1572
Tristão Vaz da Veiga (2nd time)
1572 - 1573
João de Almeida (1st time)
1573 - 1574
António de Vilhena
1574 - 1575
Simão de Mendonça (1st time)
1575 - 1576
Vasco Pereira
1576 - 1579
Domingos Monteiro (1st time)
1579 - 1570
Lionel Brito
1580 - 1581
Miguel da Gama
1581 - 1582
Inácio de Lima
1582 - 1583
João de Almeida (2nd time)
1583 - 1585
Aires Gonçalves de Miranda
1585 - 1586
Francisco Pais
1586 - 1587
Domingos Monteiro (2nd time)
1587 - 1589
Jerónimo Pereira
1589 - 1590
....
1590 - 1591
Anrique da Costa
1591 - 1592
Roque de Melo Pereira
1592 - 1593
Domingos Monteiro (3rd time)
1593 - 1594
Gaspar Pinto da Rocha
1594 - 1595
Francisco de Sa
(did not take office)
1595 - 1596
Manuel de Miranda
1596 - 1597
Rui Mendes de Figuieredo
1597 - 1598
....
1598 - 1599
Nunho de Mendonça
1599 - 1603
Paulo de Portugal
1603 - 1604
Gonçalo Rodrigues de Sousa
1604 - 1605
João Caiado de Gambôa
1605 - 1607
Diogo de Vasconcelos de Meneses
1607 - 1609
André Pessôa (1st time)
1610 - 1611
André Pessôa (2nd time)
1611 - 1612
Pedro Martin Gaio
1612 - 1614
Miguel de Sousa Pimentel
1614 - 1615
João Serrão da Cunha
1615 - 1616
Martim da Cunha
1616 - 1617
Francisco Lopes Carrasco
1617 - 1618
Lopo Sarmento de Carvalho (1st time)
1618 - 1619
António de Oliveira de Morias
1619 - 1620
Jerónimo de Macedo de Carvalho
1621 - 1622
Lopo Sarmento de Carvalho (2nd time)
1622 - 1623 Pero Fernandes de Carvalho
+ Agostinho Lobo
+ Agostinho Gomes(?)
+ Antonio do Rosario
Governors
7 Jul 1623 - 1626
Francisco Mascarenhas
19 Jul 1626 - 1629
Filipe Lôbo
1630 - 1631
Jerónimo da Silveira
1 Dec 1631 - 1636
Manuel da Câmara de Noronha
Aug 1636 - 1638
Domingos da Câmara de Noronha
Aug 1638 - 1644
Sebastião Lôbo da Silveira
Aug 1645 - 1646
Luís de Carvalho de Sousa
1646
Diogo Coutinho Doçem
Aug 1647 - 1650
João Pereira
Aug 1650 - 1654
João de Sousa Pereira
Aug 1654 - 1664
Manuel Tavares Bocarro
22 Jul 1664 - 1666
Manuel Coelho da Silva
31 Aug 1667 - 1670
Álvaro da Silva
20 Jul 1670 - 1672
Manuel Borges da Silva
20 Jul 1672 - 1677
António Barbosa Lôbo
10 Dec 1678 - 1679
António de Castro Sande
10 Dec 1679 - 1682
Luís de Melo Sampaio
10 Dec 1682 - 1685
Belchior do Amaral de Meneses
5 Jul 1685 - 1688
António de Mesquita Pimentel
31 Jul 1688 - 1691
André Coelho Vieira
21 Jul 1691 - 1693
Francisco da Costa
23 Nov 1693 - 1694
António da Silva e Melo
21 Jul 1694 - 1697
Gil Vaz Lôbo Freire
17 Aug 1697 - 1697
Cosme Rodrigues de Carvalho e Sousa
28 Sep 1697 - 1698
Chamber Senate
9 Aug 1698 - 1700
Pedro Vaz de Sequeira (1st time)
5 Aug 1700 - 1702
Diogo de Melo Sampaio
22 Jul 1702 - 1703
Pedro Vaz de Sequeira (2nd time)
15 Aug 1703 - 1706
José da Gama Machado
5 Aug 1706 - 1710
Diogo do Pinho Teixeira
28 Jul 1710 - 1711
Francisco de Melo e Castro
11 Jun 1711 - 1714
António de Sequeira de Noronha
18 Jul 1714 - 1718
Francisco de Alarcão de Souto-Maior
30 May 1718 - 1719
António de Albuquerque de Carvalho (b. c.1685 - d. 17..)
9 Sep 1719 - 1722
António da Silva Telo de Meneses (b. c.1660 - d. 17..)
19 Aug 1722 - 1724
Cristóvão de Severim Manuel
6 Sep 1724 - 1727
António Carneiro de Alcáçova
11 Aug 1727 - 1732
António Moniz Barreto
18 Aug 1732 - 1735
António do Amaral e Meneses
15 Jan 1735 - 1735
João do Casal
4 Aug 1735 - 1738
Cosme Damião Pinto Pereira (1st time)
25 Aug 1738 - 1743
Manuel Pereira Coutinho
25 Aug 1743 - 1747
Cosme Damião Pinto Pereira (2nd time)
30 Aug 1747 - 1749
António José Teles de Meneses
2 Aug 1749 - 1752
João Manuel de Melo
29 Jul 1752 - 1755
Rodrigo de Castro (1st time)
14 Jul 1755 - 1758
Francisco António Pereira Coutinho
1 Jul 1758 - 1761
Diogo Pereira de Castro (b. 1717
- d. 1772)
4 Jul 1761 - 1764
António de Mendonça Côrte-Real (b. 1717 - d. 1774)
14 Jul 1764 - 1767
José Plácido de Matos Saraiva
19 Aug 1767 - 1770
Diogo Fernandes Salema e Saldanha
(1st time)
29 Jul 1770 - 1771
Rodrigo de Castro (2nd time)
26 Jul 1771 - 1777
Diogo Fernandes Salema e Saldanha
(2nd time)
27 Jan 1777 - 1778
Alexandre da Silva Pedrosa
Guimarães
1 Aug 1778 - 1780
João Vicente Ferreira da Silveira (b. 1728 - d. ....)
e Meneses
5 Jan 1780 - 1781
António José da Costa
28 Aug 1781 - 1783
Francisco de Castro
18 Aug 1783 - 1788
Bernardo Aleixo de Lemos e Faria (b. 1754 - d. 1826)
(1st time)
21 Jul 1788 - 16 Jul 1789 Francisco Xavier de Mendonça (b. c.1740 - d. 1789)
Côrte-Real
18 Jul 1789 - 1790
Lázaro da Silva Ferreira
29 Jul 1790 - 1793
Vasco Luís Carneiro de Sousa e Faro
27 Jul 1793 - 1797
José Manuel Pinto (1st time)
8 Aug 1797 - 1800
Cristóvão Pereira de Castro (b. 1733 - d. 1805)
8 Aug 1800 - 1803
José Manuel Pinto (2nd time)
8 Aug 1803 - 1806
Caetano de Sousa Pereira
8 Aug 1806 - 1808
Bernardo Aleixo de Lemos e Faria (s.a.)
(2nd time)
11 Sep 1808 - 18 Dec 1808 William O'Brien Drury
(b. 1754 - d. 1811)
(British commander)
26 Dec 1808 - 1810
Lucas José de Alvarenga (1st time) (b. 1768 - d. 1831)
19 Jul 1810 - 1814
Bernardo Aleixo de Lemos Faria (s.a.)
(3rd time)
19 Jul 1814 - 1817
Lucas José de Alvarenga (2nd time) (s.a.)
19
Jul 1817 - 1822 José
Osório de Castro Cabral de (b. 1779 - d. 1857)
Albuquerque
19 Aug 1822 - 1823
Paulino da Silva Barbosa
23 Sep 1822 - 1825
Government
Council
28 Jul 1825 - 1827
Joaquim Mourão Garcês Palha
(b. 1775 - d. 1850)
15 Nov 1827 - 1830
Government
Council
7 Jul 1830 - 1833
João Cabral de Estefique (b. 1780 - d. 1854)
3 Jul 1833 - 1837
Bernardo José de Sousa Soares (b. 1795 - d. 18..)
de Andrea
23 Feb 1837 - 1843
Adrião Acácio da Silveira Pinto
3 Oct 1843 - 1846
José Gregório Pegado
21 Apr 1846 - 22 Aug 1849 João Maria Ferreira do Amaral
(b. 1803 - d. 1849)
22 Aug 1849 - 1850 Government
Council
30 May 1850 - 6 Jul 1850 Pedro Alexandrino da Cunha
(b. 1801 - d. 1850)
7 Jul 1850 - 1851
Government Council
3 Feb 1851 - 1851
Francisco António Gonçalves
(b. 1800 - d. 1875)
Cardoso
19 Nov 1851 - 1863
Isidoro Francisco Guimarães,
(b. 1808 - d. 1883)
(from 1862) visconde da Praia
Grande de Macau
22 Jun 1863 - 1866
José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral (b. 1808 - d.
1873)
26 Oct 1866 - 1868
José Maria da Ponte e Horta (b. 1858 - d. 1927)
3 Aug 1868 - 1872
António Sérgio de Sousa
(b. 1809 - d. 1878)
23 Mar 1872 - 1874
Januário Correia de Almeida,
(b. 1829 - d. 1901)
visconde de São Januário
7 Dec 1874 - 1876
José Maria Lôbo de Ávila
(b. 1817 - d. 1889)
31 Dec 1876 - 1879
Carlos Eugénio Correia da Silva (b. 1834 - d.
1905)
28 Apr 1879 - 1883
Joaquim José da Graça (b. 1825 - d. 1889)
23 Apr 1883 - 1886
Tomás de Sousa Rósa
(b. 1844 - d. 1918)
7 Aug 1886 - 13 Oct 1888 Firmino José da Costa
(b. 1843 - d. 1893)
5 Feb 1889 - 1890
Francisco Teixeira da Silva (b.
1826 - d. 1894)
16 Oct 1890 - 1894
Custódio Miguel de Borja
(b. 1849 - d. 1911)
24 Mar 1894 - 1897
José Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa
(1st time)
(b. 1858 - d. 1927)
12 Mar 1897 - 1900
Eduardo Augusto Rodrigues Galhardo (b. 1845 - d. 1908)
12 Aug 1900 - 1902
José Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa
(2nd time)
(s.a.)
17 Dec 1902 - 10 Dec 1903 Arnaldo de Novaes Guedes Rebelo
(b. 1847 - d. 1917)
10 Dec 1903 - 5 Apr 1904 Council of Government
5 Apr 1904 - 1907
Martinho Pinto de Quierós
(b. 1847 - d. 1919)
Montenegro
6 Apr 1907 - 1908
Pedro de Azevedo Coutinho
(b. 1865 - d. 1942)
18 Aug 1908 - 1909
José Augusto Alves Roçadas
(b. 1865 - d. 1926)
22 Sep 1909 - 1910
Eduardo Augusto Marquês
(b. 1867 - d. 1944)
17 Dec 1910 - 1912
Álvaro de Melo Machado
(b. 1883 - d. 1970)
14 Jul 1912 - 1914
Aníbal Augusto Sanches de Miranda (b. 1865 - d. 1939)
6 Apr 1914 - 1916
José Carlos da Maia
(b. 1878 - d. 1921)
5 Sep 1916 - 1917
Manuel Ferreira da Rocha
(b. 1885 - d. 1951)
22 Jun 1917 - 21 Dec 1917 Fernando Augusto Vieira de Matos
21 Dec 1917 - 12 Oct 1918 Council of Government
12 Oct 1918 - 1919
Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa (b. 1880 - d. 1940)
(1st time)
23 Aug 1919 - 20 May 1922 Henrique Monteiro Corrêa da Silva (b. 1878 - d. 1935)
20 May 1922 - 5 Jan 1923 Luís Antonio de Magalhães
Corrêa (b. 1873 - d. 1960)
(acting)
5 Jan 1923 - 16 Jul 1924 Rodrigo José Rodrigues
(b. 1879 - d. 1963)
16 Jul 1924 - 18 Oct 1925 Joaquim Augusto Tomé dos Santos (b. 1867 - d. 1954)
(acting)
18 Oct 1925 - 1 Aug 1926 Manuel Firmino de Almeida
Maia (b. 1881 - d. 1932)
Magalhães
1 Aug 1926 - 8 Dec 1926 Hugo Carvalho Lacerda
Castelo (b. 1860 - d. 1944)
Branco (acting)
8 Dec 1926 - 19 Nov 1930 Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
1930 - 1931
João Pereira de Magalhães
(1st time) (acting)
30 Mar 1931 - 1931
Joaquim Anselmo da Mata e Oliveira (b. 1874 - d. 19..)
1931 - 1932
João Pereira de Magalhães
(2nd time) (acting)
21 Jun 1932 - 1935
António José Bernardes de Miranda (b. 1885 - d. 1957)
1935 - 1936
João Pereira Barbosa
1936 - 1937
António Joaquim Godinho Ferreira (b. 1887 - d. 1947)
da Silva Júnior
11 Apr 1937 - 10 Jul 1940 Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa
(s.a.)
(3rd time)
10 Jul 1940 - 17 Aug 1940 José Rodrigues Moutinho
(acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1984)
17 Aug 1940 - 1946
Gabriel Maurício Teixeira
(b. 1897 - d. 1973)
1 Sep 1947 - 19 Apr 1951 Albano Rodrigues de Oliveira
23 Nov 1951 - 1957
Joaquim Marquês Esparteiro
(b. 1895 - d. 1976)
8 May 1957 - 1958
Pedro Correia de Barros (b. 1911 - d. 1968)
1958 - 1959
Manuel Peixoto Nunes
18 Sep 1959 - 17 Apr 1962 Jaime Silvério Marques
(b. 1914)
17 Apr 1962 - 1966
António Adriano Faria Lopes dos (b. 1919 - d. 2009)
Santos
25 Nov 1966 - 1974
José Manuel Sousa Faro Nobre (b. 1910 - d. 1988)
Carvalho
19 Nov 1974 - 1 Feb 1979 José Garcia Leandro
(b. 1940?)
28 Nov 1979 - 26 Feb 1981 Nuno Viriato Tavares de Melo Egídio(b. 1916)
26 Feb 1981 - 16 Jun 1981 José Carlos Moreira Campos
(acting)
16 Jun 1981 - 1986
Vasco Almeida e Costa
(b. 1932 - d. 2010)
15 May 1986 - 1987 Joaquim Germano Pinto Machado
(b. 1930)
Correia da Silva
9 Jul 1987 - 28 Sep 1990 Carlos Montez Melancia
(b. 1927)
28 Sep 1990 - 23 Apr 1991 Francisco Murteira Nabo (acting)
(b. 1939)
23 Apr 1991 - 19 Dec 1999 Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira
(b. 1939)
Japanese Advisors (Japanese Consul in Macau)
(formally in charge of contacts with Portuguese governor)
1943? - 3 Feb 1945
Fukui Yasumitsu
(d. 1945)
3 Feb 1945 - Aug 1945 ....
Shanghai International Settlement
![[Shanghai International Settlement Flag 1869-1942]](cn-shn19.gif)
|
|
|
Imports: $N/A |
(24 Sep 1869/25 Oct 1881) |
|
British Force: 1,600 Japanese Force: 2,100 U.S. Forces: 1,900 Defense the Responsibilty of Treaty Powers |
(GBP) |
(includes: 44,240 foreigners) |
|
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Japanese, Italian, Russian, German, others |
and Taoist |
||
16 Jun 1842 - 29 Aug 1842 British occupation of Shanghai.
17 Nov 1843
Shanghai becomes a Treaty Port.
29 Nov 1845 First charter (Land Regulations) enacted.
20 Nov 1846
British concession established.
27 Nov 1848
Concession expanded.
1848/54
American concession established.
6 Apr 1849
French concession established.
17 Jul 1854
Municipal Council established.
1862
Proposal to make Shanghai an independent
"free city" rejected.
21 Sep 1863
International Settlement created by union of American
and British concessions (consummated
Dec 1863).
1896
Concession expanded.
7 Jul 1927
Chinese Greater Shanghai Municipality is established.
Jan/Feb 1931
Japanese occupy the Hongkew district.
9 Nov 1937
Japanese occupy Chinese Shanghai and the Northern Districts
of the International Settlement.
8 Dec 1941
Japanese occupy the International Settlement (but not
the French concession); it is
dissolved by Japan in 1942.
11 Jan 1943
Settlement officially retroceded to the Republic of China by the
United States and Britain.
15 Feb 1943 Internment of Allied citizens began.
Jul 1943
Formally retroceded to Japanese sponsored Chinese National
Government by the Japanese dominated
Municipal Council.
3 Sep 1945
Restored to China.
Chairmen of the Municipal Council
25 May 1852 - 21 Jul 1853 Edward Cunningham (U.S.)
21 Jul 1853 - 11 Jul 1854 William Shephard Wetmore (U.S.)
11 Jul 1854 - Mar 1855 William Seton Brown
(U.K.)
185. Charles Augustine Fearon (U.S.)
1855 - 1859 ....
31 Jan 1859 - 15 Feb 1860 Robert Reid (U.K.)
15 Feb 1860 - 2 Feb 1861 Rowland Hamilton (U.K.)
2 Feb 1861 - 31 Mar 1862 William Howard
(U.K.)
31 Mar 1862 - 4 Apr 1863 Henry Turner (U.K.)
4 Apr 1863 - Apr 1865 Henry William
Dent (U.K.)
Apr 1865 - Mar 1866 William
Keswick (U.K.) (b. 1834 - d. 1912)
1866 - 1870
....
1870 - 1871
George Basil Dixwell (U.S.) (b. 1815 - d. 1885)
1874 - 1876 John Graeme Purdon (1st time) (b. 1834 - d. 1910)
(U.S.)
1876 - 1881
....
1881 H.R. Hearn
1881 - 1883 ....
1883 - 1884
Alexander Myburgh
1884 - 1889
....
1889 - 1892
John McGregor (1st time)(U.K.)
1892 - 1893 John Graeme Purdon (2nd time) (s.a.)
(U.S.)
1893 - 1894
John McGregor (2nd time)(U.K.)
1894 - 1897
J.L. Scott
1897
A.R. Burkill (U.K.)
c.1897
E.A. Probst
(U.K.)
1898 - Aug 1899
James S. Fearon (U.S.)
Aug 1899 - 1900? J. Anderson
1900 - 1901 Edbert
Ansgar Hewett (U.K.) (b. 1860 -
d. 1915)
1901 - 1902 Prentice
1902 - 1903 W.G. Bayne
1903 - 1904 John McGregor (3rd time)(U.K.)
1904 - c.1905
F. Anderson
(U.K.)
1906 - 1907
Henry Keswick
(b. 1870 - d. 1928)
1907 - 1908 David Landale (1st time)(U.K.) (b. 1868 - d. 1935)
1908 - 1910 ....
1910 - 1912 David Landale (2nd time)(U.K.) (s.a.)
1913 - 1920
Sir Edward Pearce (U.K.)
1920 - 1921 A. Brooke Smith
1921 - 1923 H.G. Simms
(U.K.)
1923 - 1929 Stirling Fessenden (U.S.)
(b. 1875 - d. 1943)
1929 - 1931
Henry E. Arnhold (1st time)(U.K.) (b. 1879 - d. 19..)
1931 - Apr 1932
Ernest B. Macnaghten (U.K.) (b. 1872 - d. 1948)
Apr 1932 - 193. A.D. Bell
1934 - 1937 Henry E. Arnhold (2nd time)(U.K.) (s.a.)
1937 - 1940 Cornell S. Franklin (U.S.)
1940 - Feb 1941
William Johnstone "Tony" Keswick (b. 1903 - d. 1990)
(U.K.)
Sep 1941 - 8 Dec 1941 J.H. Liddell
1941? - Aug 1943 Teraoka (Japan)
French Concession
|
|
(includes: 16,210 foreigners) |
6 Apr 1849
French concession in Shanghai established.
1 May 1862
French concession municipal council created under
the authority of the French Consul-general.
Jul 1940 - 30 Jul 1943 Administration loyal
to Vichy France.
30 Jul 1943 Vichy France retrocedes concession to Japanese sponsored
Chinese National Government (not
recognized by
Free French or the Republic of
China).
30 Jul 1943 - Sep 1945 Occupied by Japan.
28 Feb 1946
Formally restored to China by France.
French Consuls-general of Shanghai and Presidents of the Municipal
Council
23 Jan 1848 - 10 Jun 1853 Charles de Montigny
(1st time) (b. 1805 - d. 1868)
(President of
Municipal Council from 1 May 1862)
15 Jun 1853 - 14 Jun 1857 Benoit Edan (1st time)
14 Jun 1857 - 28 Jun 1859 Charles de Montigny (2nd time) (s.a.)
28 Jun 1859 - 12 Feb 1863 Benoit Edan (2nd time)(acting)
12 Feb 1863 - 28 Oct 1863 Victor Mauboussin
28 Oct 1863 - 18 Apr 1864 Chevrey-Rameau (acting)
18 Apr 1864 - 22 Dec 1864 E. Godeaux (1st time)(acting)
28 Dec 1864 - 20 Mar 1869 Antoine Brenier de Montmorand
20 Mar 1869 - 23 Nov 1869 Claude-Philibert Dabry de
Thiersant
23 Nov 1869 - 10 Jun 1872 comte de Méjan
10 Jun 1872 - 9 Sep 1872 Emmanuel comte de Chappedelaine
(1st time)(acting)
9 Sep 1872 - 24 Apr 1875 E. Godeaux (2nd time)(acting)
24 Apr 1875 - 25 May 1875 Gabriel Lemaire (1st time)(acting)
25 May 1875 - 13 Feb 1876 Emmanuel comte de Chappedelaine
(2nd time)(acting)
1878 - 1880 Gabriel Lemaire (2nd time)
1880 - 1881
Garnier
1882 - 1883
E. Flesch
1883 - 1884
Alexandre Laurence de Lalande (b. 1856 - d. ....)
(acting)
20 Sep 1884 - 1885 Gabriel Lemaire (2nd time)
1885
Victor Émile Collin de Plancy (b. 1853 - d. 1924)
1885 - 1887
E.D. Kraetzer
1887 - 1888
Déjardin
Mar 1888 - 1888
Fernand Emmanuel Guillien (b. 1860 - d. ....)
(1st time)
1888 - 1892
Raoul Wagner
1892 - 1894
Arnold Jacques Antoine Vissiere (b. 1858 - d. ....)
1894 - 1896
Fernand Emmanuel Guillien (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1896 - 1898
Pierre René Georges Dubail
Oct 1898 - 25 Oct 1899 Paul Claudel (1st
time) (b. 1868 - d. 1955)
1898 - 1899
Georges-Gaston Servan de (b. 1852 - d. ....)
Bezaure (1st time)
1899 - 1900
Paul Claudel (2nd time) (s.a.)
1900 - 1901
Georges-Gaston Servan de (s.a.)
Bezaure (2nd time)
1901 - 1909
Louis Onésime Ratard (b. 1852 - d. 19..)
1909 - 1910
Marie Joseph Maurice Déjean (b. 1863 - d. 19..)
de la Bâtie
1911 - 1912
G. Dubois
1912 - 1914
G. Japy
1914 - 1916
Camille Gaston
Kahn (b. 1864 - d. 1928)
1916 - 3 Apr 1917 Paul Émile Naggiar (1st time)
(b. 1883 - d. 19..)
3 Apr 1917 - 21 Jan 1920 Auguste Henry Wilden (1st
time) (b. 1879 - d. 19..)
22 Jan 1920 - 14 Jan 1921 R. Reau (interim)
14 Jan 1921 - 23 Jan 1921 G.D. de la Prade (interim)
23 Jan 1921 - 20 Nov 1924 Auguste Henry Wilden (2nd time) (s.a.)
20 Nov 1924 - 16 Apr 1926 Jacques Meyrier (1st time)
(interim)
16 Apr 1926 - 9 Jan 1928 Paul Émile Naggiar (2nd time)
(s.a.)
9 Jan 1928 - 10 Dec 1928 Jacques Meyrier (2nd time)
(interim)
10 Dec 1928 - 7 Mar 1932 Edgard Napoleon Auguste Koechlin (b. 1887 - d. 1932)
(interim)
7 Mar 1932 - 30 Jan 1935 Jacques Meyrier (3rd time)
(interim)
30 Jan 1935 - Feb 1938 Baudez (1st time)
Feb 1938 - 26 Nov 1938 P. Auge (1st time)(interim)
26 Nov 1938 - 7 May 1940 Baudez (2nd time)
7 May 1940 - 6 Sep 1940 P. Auge (2nd time)(interim)
6 Sep 1940 - 23 Oct 1940 Duval (interim)
23 Oct 1940 - 22 Sep 1944 Roland Jacquin de Margerie (b. 1899 - d. 1990)
22 Sep 1944 - 14 Nov 1945 Baron Fain
14 Nov 1945 - 15 May 1946 Jean Filliol
|
|
(note: 536 foreigners) |
![[Compromise Flag]](at-hu2.gif)
14 Aug 1917 Lease terminated by China.
10 Sep 1919 Austria formally renounces its former concession
(Hungary on 4 Jun 1920).
Austro-Hungarian Consuls
14 Nov 1901 - 1908 Carl Bernauer
1908 Erwin Ritter von Zach (b. 1872 - d. 1949)
Nov 1908 - Dec 1912 Miloslav Kobr
1913 - 14 Aug 1917 Hugo Schumpeter
Tientsin Belgian Concession
![[Flag of Belgium]](be.gif)
of a yearly indemnity.
31 Aug 1929 Treaty between China and Belgium, Belgium agrees to retrocede
the concession to China.
15 Jan 1931 Formal restoration of the concession to China.
Belgian Consul-generals
1902 - 1906 H. Ketels
1906 - 1914 A. Disière
1914 - 1919 A. Dauge
1919 - 1923 E. Franck
1923 - 1929 A. van Cutsem
1929 - 15 Jan 1931 T. Snyers
Tientsin British Concession
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|
(24 Nov 1866) |
24 Oct 1860 China cedes a concession in Tientsin to Britain.
1861 British concession in Tientsin.
8 Dec 1941 - Sep 1945 Concession occupied by Japan.
11 Jan 1943 Concession officially abolished by Britain.
24 Nov 1945 China formally assumes administration.
British Consul-generals
24 Dec 1860 - 1877 James Mongan
1870 William Hyde Lay
(acting for Mongan)
9 Nov 1877 - 1885 Chaloner Alabaster (b. 1838 - d. 1898)
23 Dec 1885 - 1893 Byron Brenan (d. 1927)
15 Jun 1893 - 1897 Henry Barnes Bristow
27 Sep 1897 - 1899 Benjamin Charles George Scott
13 May 1899 - 1901 William Richard Carles
22 Mar 1901 - 1908 Lionel Charles Hopkins (b. 1854 - d. 1952)
1 Sep 1908 - 1912 Alexander Hosie (b. 1853 - d. 1925)
1 Oct 1912 - 1917 Sir Harry English Fulford
1 Apr 1917 - 1926 William Pollock Ker (b. 1864 - d. 1945)
1926 - 1930 James William Jamieson (b. 1867 - d. 1946)
8 Feb 1928 - 21 Nov 1934 Lancelot Giles (b. 1878 - d. 1934)
19 Feb 1935 - 1938 John Barr Affleck (b. 1878 - d. 1941)
6 Aug 1938 - 1939 Edgar George Jamieson
1 Nov 1939 - 1941 Oswald White
Apr 1941 - 8 Dec 1941 Sir Alwyne Ogden (acting) (b. 1889 - d. 1981)
Tientsin French Concession
24 Oct 1860 China cedes a concession in Tientsin to France.
1861 French concession in Tientsin.
Jul 1940 - 19 May 1943 Administration loyal to Vichy France.
19 May 1943 Vichy France retrocedes concession to Japanese sponsored Chinese
National Government (not recognized by Free French or
Republic of China).
19 May 1943 - Sep 1945 Occupied by Japan.
24 Nov 1945 China formally assumes administration.
28 Feb 1946 Formally restored to China by France.
French Consuls
1863 - 1868 Charles de Montigny (b. 1805 - d. 1868)
1869 - 21 Jun 1870 Henri Fontanier (d. 1870)
1870 - 1883 Charles Dillon (b. 1842 - d. ....)
1883 - 1884 Fournier
1884 - 1891/92 Paul Ristelhueber (b. 1849 - d. 1925)
1891/92 - 1894 Marie Jacques Achille Raffray (b. 1844 - d. ...)
1894 - 1897 Jean Marie Guy Georges du (b. 1844 - d. ....)
Chaylard (1st time)
5 Apr 1897 - 22 May 1898 Arnold Jacques Antoine Vissiere (b. 1858 - d. ....)
1898 - 1902 Jean Marie Guy Georges du (s.a.)
Chaylard (2nd time)
1902 - 1903 Marie Henri Leduc (b. 1878 - d. 19..)
1903 - 1906 Émile Rocher (b. 1846 - d. 19..)
1906 Bourgeois (1st time)
1906 - 1909 Paul Claudel (b. 1868 - d. 1955)
1909 - 1912 Camille Gaston Kahn (b. 1864 - d. 1928)
1913 - 1920 Bourgeois (2nd time)
1920 - 1929? Jean Émile Saussine (b. 1876 - d. 19..)
1929 - 1931? Jacques Meyrier (b. 1892 - d. 19..)
1931 - 1935 Charles Lépissier (1st time)
1935 - 1936/37 Pierre Crépin
1936/37 - 1938? L. Charles
1938 - 1943 Charles Lépissier (2nd time)
1943 - 194. Georges Cattand
Tientsin German Concession
16 Mar 1917 Lease terminated by China.
28 Jun 1919 Germany formally renounces its former concession.
German Consuls
1889 - 1897 Edwin A. Freiherr von Seckendorff (b. 1854 - d. 1933)
1897 - 1900 R. Eiswaldt
1900 - 1902 Arthur Zimmermann (b. 1864 - d. 1940)
1902 - 1906 Eckhardt
1906 - 1913 Hubert von Knipping (b. 1868 - d. 1935)
1913 - 1917 Fritz Wendschuch (b. 1873 - d. 19..)
Tientsin Italian Concession
![[Kingdom of Italy flag]](it-1897m.gif)
7 Sep 1901 China cedes a concession in Tientsin to Italy.
7 Jun 1902 Tientsin Italian concession (Concessione di Tien-Tsin).
10 Sep 1943 - Sep 1945 Occupied by Japan.
27 Jul 1944 Italian Social Republic retrocedes the concession to
the Japanese sponsored Chinese National Government
(not recognized by Kingdom of Italy or Republic of China).
24 Nov 1945 China formally assumes administration.
10 Feb 1947 Italy formally renounces its concessions in China.
Italian Consuls
18 Apr 1901 - 31 Jul 1903 Cesare Poma
11 Feb 1904 - 6 Jun 1906 Giuseppe Chiostri
14 Oct 1906 - 7 Jun 1911 Oreste Da Vella
1912 - 1919 Vincenzo Fileti
Nov 1920 - 1921 Marcello Roddolo (b. 1884 - d. 19..)
3 Jul 1921 - Jul 1924 Luigi Gabrielli
Jul 1925 - Jul 1927 Guido Segre
1 Nov 1927 - Mar 1933 Luigi Neyrone
Mar 1932 - Feb 1938 Filippo Zappi (b. 1896 - d. 1961)
3 Feb 1938 - 27 Jul 1943 Ferruccio Stefenelli (b. 1898 - d. 1980)
Tientsin Japanese Concession
Jan 1943 Japan retrocedes its concession to the Japanese sponsored
Chinese National Government (not recognized by Republic of China).
24 Nov 1945 China formally assumes administration.
Japanese Consul-generals
c.1895 Minoji Arakawa (b. 1857 - d. 1949)
c.1896 - 1901? Tei Nagamasa
1901 - 1907 Hikokichi Ijuin (b. 1864 - d. 1924)
1907 Kato M. (acting)
1907 - 1914 Obata Yukichi
1914 - 1915? Kubota B.
1915 - 1919 Matsudaira
1919 - Nov 1921 Funatsu F.
1922 - 1925 Shigeru Yoshida (b. 1878 - d. 1967)
1925 - 1927 Arita Hachiro (b. 1884 - d. 1965)
1927 - 1930? Kato Sotomatsu
Apr 1930 - 1931 Tajiri Akiyoshi (b. 1896 - d. 1975)
1931 - 1933? Kuwashima Kazue (b. 1884 - d. 19..)
1 Sep 1933 - 1936? Kurihara Tadashi
c.1936 Kawagoe Shigeru
Aug 1936 - 1938? Horiuchi Tateki (b. 1889 - d. 1951)
Jan 1938 - 19.. Tanaka
1942 - 194. Kato S.
c.1943 S. Takase
Tientsin Russian Concession
25 Sep 1920 China takes over administration and terminates the
Russian concession.
31 May 1924 Soviet Union renounces all concessions in China.
Russian Consul-generals
1903 - 1907? Nikolay Vasilyevich Laptev
1907 - 1909 Nikolay Maksimovich Poppe (b. 18.. - d. 1913)
1909? - 1919? Ch. Christi
Weihaiwei
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![[Weihaiwei colonial flag 1903-1930]](cn_weiha.gif)
| Map of Weihaiwei | Capital: Port Edward | Population: 154,416 (1921) | Order in Council (24 Jul 1901) |
17 Feb 1895 - 23 May 1898 Weihaiwei occupied by Japan.
24 May 1898
Weihaiwei leased by Britain.
1 Oct 1930
Weihaiwei returned to China, as a special
administrative region until 1938
(see under China provinces).
Japanese Commanders
17 Feb 1895 - 23 May 1898 ....
Naval Commissioner and Commander of the British Naval Forces in China
1 Jul 1898 - 1901
Sir Edward Hobart Seymour
(b. 1840 - d. 1929)
Civil Commissioner
10 Aug 1899 - 10 Dec 1901 Arthur Robert Ford Dorward
(b. 1848 - d. 1934)
(from 1900, Sir Arthur Robert
Ford Dorward)
Officer in Charge
10 Dec 1901 - May 1902
John Dodson Daintree (b.
1864 - d. 1952)
Commissioners
May 1902 - 1921
James Haldane Stewart Lockhart (b. 1858 - d. 1937)
1921 - 1923
Arthur Powlett Blunt
(b. 1883 - d. 1946)
1923 - 1927
Walter Russell Brown
(b. 1879 - d. 1966)
1927 - 30 Sep 1930
Reginald Fleming Johnston
(b. 1874 - d. 1938)