Bahrain
 

c.1783 - 1820 (de facto to 1910)	1820 - 1932	1932 - 19 Aug 1972
19 Aug 1972 - 14 Feb 2002	Adopted 14 Feb 2002

Map of Bahrain Hear National Anthem "Bahrainona" (Our Bahrain) Text of National Anthem Adopted 1971 (lyrics 2002) Constitution (14 Feb 2002) -------------------------- 1973 Constitution (26 May 1973 - 14 Feb 2002) Capital: Manama (Zubarah 1783-1870) Currency: Bahraini Dinar (BHD); 1959-1965 Persian Gulf Rupee (XPGR); 1880-1959 Indian Rupee (INR)  National Holiday: 16 Dec (1971) al-Yaoum-al-Watany (National Day) Population:1,442,659 (2018) note: immigrants make up  approximately 48% of the total population. GDP: $71.17 billion (2017) Exports: $15.38 billion (2017) Imports: $16.08 billion (2017) Ethnic Groups: Bahraini 46%, Asian 45.5%, other Arabs 4.7%, African 1.6%, European 1%, other 1.2% (includes GCC country  nationals, North and South Americans, and Oceanians) (2010) Total Active Armed Forces: 19,460 (2018) U.S. Military Forces: 3,474 (2023) Merchant marine: 260 ships (2017) Religions: Muslim 64.1% (Shi'a 37.2%, Sunni 26.9% [official]), Christian 15.3% (Catholic 13.4%, Protestant 0.5%, Anglican 0.4%, Orthodox 0.3%, Pentecostal 0.2%), Hindu 6.2%, Buddhist 0.3%,   Baha'i 0.2%, other 13.9% (2015) International Organizations/Treaties: ABEDA, AFESD, AIIB, AL, AMF, AOAD, APA, Arabsat, BTWC, CAEU, CICA, CTBT, CWC, ESCR, FAO, G-77, GAFTA, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, ICSID, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISESCO, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, NATO (cooperation initiative), NPT, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC (cooperation), OST, PAM (partner), PCA, SCO (dialogue partner), UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Bahrain Index Chronology c.2050 BC - c.538 BC       Probable site of the capital of Dilmun (Telmun). c.709 BC - c.626 BC        Part of Assyrian Empire. c.626 BC - c.540 BC        Part of (Neo-) Babylonian Empire. c.540 BC - c.329 BC        Part of Persian (Achaemenid) Empire. 324 BC - 326 BC            Possibly part of Macedonian Empire of Alexander                              "the Great" (called Tylos). c.312 BC - c.250 BC        Possibly part of the Seleucid Empire. c.250 BC - c.400 AD        Part of the Parthian Empire. c.127 BC - 222 AD          Part of Characene (Mesene, Meshan) kingdom (from                              124 BC a Parthian vassal). c.400 - 629                Part of the Sassanian Empire. 629                        Bahrain embraces Islam (as al-Bahrayn), part of                              the Caliphate. 661 - 750                  Part of the Umayyad Caliphate. 750 - 899                  Part of the Abbasid Caliphate. 899 - 1076                 Ruled by the Qarmatians (Karmathians). 1076 - 1253                Under the Uyunid (al-Uyuniyun) dynasty. 1253 - 15th cent.          Under the Usfurids (al-Usfur) of Banu Uqayl. 1330 - 1521                Tributary to Hormuz (Persia). 15th cent. - Jul 1521      Under the dynasty of Bedouin Jabrids (Banu Jabr).  Jul 1521 - 1521            Portuguese occupation (Barem). 1521 - c.1523              Hurmuz (Ormuz) rule.              c.1523 - 1602              Hurmuz under Portuguese suzerainty. 1602                       Re-incorporated into Persia (unoccupied until                              1753). 1717 - 1722                Occupied by Muscat and Oman. 1737                       Re-occupied by Persia. 23 Jul 1783                Al Khalifah lineage conquers and settles Bahrain                              (Bahrain and its Dependencies). Sep 1801 - 1801            Briefly occupied by Muscat. 1801 - 1811                Under suzerainty of Diriyah (see Saudi Arabia).  5 Feb 1820                Informal protection treaty with U.K. 31 May 1861                British protectorate (spelled Bahrein). 22 Dec 1880 - 15 Aug 1971  British protected state (Bahrain)(U.K. forces                              depart on 16 Dec 1971). 29 Jul 1913                Ottomans agree to drop claims to Bahrain by                              Anglo-Ottoman Convention (not ratified). 15 Aug 1971                State of Bahrain 14 Feb 2002                Kingdom of Bahrain. British Persian Gulf Residency (1822-1971)

Portuguese Commanders
(subordinated to the captains-major in Hormuz)
Jul 1521 - 1521            António Correia
156. (or 157.)             Bernardino Ribeiro
Hurmuz (Ormuz) governors
1521 - 15..                Rais Bucat
c.1529                     Badr al-Din (Barbadim)
c.1530 - c.1577            Djalal al-din Murad Mahmud
15.. - 1602                ....
1717 - 1722                ....
Persian governors
c.1602                     Behjad Soltan
1602? -  3 Jun 1613        Allah-Vardi Khan Shirazi           (d. 1613)
1613? - 1633               Imam Qoli Khan Shirazi             (d. 1633)
1633 - 16..                Davud Khan Shirazi
16.. - bf.17..             ....
1717 - 1722                Omani occupation
1722? - Apr 1736           Sheikh Jubayr (Jabara al-Holi)
1736 - 1737                Sheikh Nasir
1737? - 1739               Muhammad Taqi Khan
1739/40                    Saif bin Sultan
1739/40 - 17..             ... Al-Makhdur
1753 - 177.                Sheikh Nasr Al-Makhdur
177. - 1783                Sheikh Nasir II Al-Makhdur
                             (Sheikh Nasireddin Shah Bushehri)
Rulers (Hakim)¹
23 Jul 1783 - 1796         Sheikh Ahmad bin Muhammad          (d. 1796)
                             Al Khalifah 
1796 - Apr 1843            Sheikh Abdullah bin Ahmad          (b. 17.. - d. 1849)
                             Al Khalifah (at Muharraq)
                            (detained in Diriyah 1801-1810)
                           - jointly with the following three -
1796 - 1825                Sheikh Salman bin Ahmad            (b. 17.. - d. 1825)
                             Al Khalifah (at Riffa)
                            (detained in Diriyah 1810-1811)
Sep 1801 - 1801            Salim ibn Sultan                   (b. 1789 - d. 1821)
                             (Wali of Muscat)
1810 - 1811                Abdullah bin Ufaisan
                             (Diriyah governor)
1825 - 31 May 1834         Sheikh Khalifah bin Salman         (d. 1834)
                             Al Khalifah 
31 May 1834 - Jun 1842     Sheikh Muhammad bin Khalifah       (b. 1813 - d. 1890)
                             Al Khalifah (1st time) 
Apr 1843 -  6 Sep 1868     Sheikh Muhammad ibn Khalifah       (s.a.)
                             Al Khalifah (2nd time) 
 6 Sep 1868 - Sep 1869     Sheikh Ali bin Khalifah            (b. 1814 - d. 1869)
                             Al Khalifah 
Sep 1869 -  1 Dec 1869     Sheikh Muhammad bin Abdullah       (b. 1817 - d. 1877)
                             Al Khalifah 
Dec 1869 -  9 Dec 1932     Sheikh Isa bin Ali Al Khalifah     (b. 1848 - d. 1932)
                           - jointly with following -
 1 Dec 1869 - Oct 1888     Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali Al Khalifah   (b. 1850 - d. 1888)
                           - jointly with preceding -
10 Dec 1932 - 24 Feb 1942  Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah   (b. 1872 - d. 1942)
24 Feb 1942 -  2 Nov 1961  Sheikh Salman bin Hamad            (b. 1894 - d. 1961)
                             Al Khalifah 
 2 Nov 1961 - 15 Aug 1971  Sheikh Isa bin Sulman              (b. 1933 - d. 1999)
                             Al Khalifah 
Emirs¹
15 Aug 1971 -  6 Mar 1999  Sheikh Isa bin Sulman              (s.a.)
                             Al Khalifah 
 6 Mar 1999 - 14 Feb 2002  Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah   (b. 1950)
King¹
14 Feb 2002 -              Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah   (s.a.)

President of the State Council
19 Jan 1970 - 16 Aug 1971  Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman         (b. 1936 - d. 2020)  Non-party
                             Al Khalifah 
Prime ministers
16 Aug 1971 - 11 Nov 2020  Sheikh Khalifah bin Sulman         (s.a.)               Non-party
                             Al Khalifah  
11 Nov 2020 -              Sheikh Salman bin Hamad bin Isa    (b. 1969)            Non-party
                             Al Khalifa

British India Native Agents
c.1816 - 1819              Sadah Anandadas 
c.1819                     .... [unknown]
1820 - 1821                Thomas Perronet Thompson           (b. 1783 - d. 1869)
Dec 1822 - 1834            the chief British political
                           residents of the Gulf (see below)
c.1827                     Asu
1829                       Paman
1829 - 1834                Chandu
 2 Apr 1833 - 1834         Khushal (acting)
15 Apr 1834 - Jun 1842     Haji Mirza Muhammad Ali Safar      (b. 1778 - d. 1845)
fall 1842 - 1862           Haji Jasim (Haji Abdul Qasim)
Mar 1862 - 1864            Haji Ibrahim bin Rajab             (b. c.1820/30 - d. 1889)
                             (Haji Ibrahim bin Muhsin bin Rajab)
1864 - Jan 1872            Post vacant
Jan 1872 - 10 Jul 1884     Haji Abd al-Nabi Khan Safar        (b. c.1803 - d. 1884)
20 Jul 1884 - Nov 1891     Haji Mirza Ahmad Khan Safar        (b. c.1820/30 - d. 1891) 
Nov 1891 - Mar 1892        .... [2 unknown Munshis] (acting)
Mar 1892 - Nov 1893        Haji Muhammad Amin Bushiri (acting)
Nov 1893 -  9 Feb 1900     Aga Muhammad Rahim Safar           (b. c.1830 - d. 1900)
17 Jan 1900 - Feb 1900     Haji Abbas bin Muhammad bin Fadhil
                             (acting for absent Safar)
British Assistant Political Agents
10 Feb 1900 - Oct 1904     John Calcott Gaskin                (b. 1867 - d. 1931)
                             (temporary to Jun 1901)
Aug 1904 - Sep 1905        Francis Beville Prideaux           (b. 1871 - d. 1938)
Political Agents
Sep 1905 - 27 May 1909     Francis Beville Prideaux           (s.a.)
28 May 1909 - Nov 1910     Charles Fraser Mackenzie           (b. 1880 - d. 1965)
Nov 1910 - Apr 1911        Stuart George Knox                 (b. 1869 - d. 1956)
13 Apr 1911 -  1 Nov 1912  David Lockhart Robertson Lorimer   (b. 1876 - d. 1962)
Nov 1912 - May 1914        Arthur Prescott Trevor             (b. 1872 - d. 1930)
21 May 1914 - 13 Mar 1916  Terence Humphrey Keyes             (b. 1877 - d. 1939)
12 Mar 1916 -  3 May 1916  Hugh Stewart                       (b. 1872 - d. 1931)
May 1916 - Jun 1916        J.M. Da Costa (acting)
 1 Jul 1916 - 17 Nov 1916  Trenchard Craven William Fowle     (b. 1884 - d. 1940)
                             (acting)
18 Nov 1916 - 29 Feb 1918  Percy Gordon Loch (1st time)       (b. 1887 - d. 1963)
Mar 1918 - Dec 1918        George Alexander Gavin Mungavin    (b. 1883 - d. 1967)
                             (acting)
Dec 1918 - Jun 1919        Norman Napier Bray                 (b. 1885 - d. 1962)
Jun 1919 - Nov 1919        Saiyid Siddiq Hasan (1st time)
                             (acting)
Nov 1919 - Nov 1920        Harold Richard Patrick Dickson     (b. 1881 - d. 1959)
Nov 1920 - Jan 1921        Saiyid Siddiq Hasan (2nd time)
                             (acting)
21 Jun 1921 - 14 Sep 1926  Clive Kirkpatrick Daly             (b. 1878 - d. 1966)
 3 May 1925 - 24 Nov 1925  George Leslie Mallam               (b. 1895 - d. 1978)
                             (acting for Daly)
14 Sep 1926 - Apr 1929     Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett      (b. 1884 - d. 1933)
25 Apr 1927 –  3 Nov 1927  Reginald George Evelyn William     (b. 1899 - d. 1983)
                             Alban (acting for Barrett)
28 Apr 1929 - 28 Nov 1932  Charles Geoffrey Prior             (b. 1896 - d. 1972)
29 Nov 1932 - 28 Apr 1937  Percy Gordon Loch (2nd time)       (s.a.)
11 Jul 1933 – 30 Oct 1933  Everard Huddlestone Gastrell       (b. 1896 - d. 1980)
                             (acting for Loch)
 9 Jul 1934 – 28 Oct 1934  Meredith Worth                     (b. 1905 - d. 1993)
                             (acting for Loch)
17 Mar 1935 - 20 Oct 1935  George Ashmead Cole                (b. 1902 - d. 1969)
                             (acting for Loch)
 7 May 1936 – 20 Oct 1936  Tom Hickinbotham (acting for Loch) (b. 1903 - d. 1983)
29 Apr 1937 - Aug 1937     Tom Hickinbotham (1st time)(acting)(s.a.)
Aug 1937 - 11 Sep 1937     Basil Lothian Murray Tomlinson     (b. 1910 - d. 1982)
                             (acting)
Sep 1937 - 20 Oct 1937     Tom Hickinbotham (2nd time)(acting)(s.a.)
20 Oct 1937 - Oct 1940     Hugh Weightman                     (b. 1898 - d. 1949)
Aug 1938 - Sep 1938        John Baron Howes                   (b. 1907 - d. 1982)
                             (acting for Weightman)
18 Oct 1940 - Jan 1942     Reginald George Evelyn William     (s.a.)
                             Alban 
17 Jan 1942 - Oct 1943     Edward Birkbeck Wakefield          (b. 1903 - d. 1969)
                             (1st time) 
Aug 1943 - Oct 1943        Michael Gray Dixon (acting)        (b. 1910 - d. 1974)
                             (acting for Wakefield)
 7 Oct 1943 - Mar 1945     Tom Hickinbotham (3rd time)        (s.a.)
Jul 1944 – Aug 1944        Thomas Edward Rogers               (b. 1912 - d. 1999)
                             (acting for Hickinbotham)
Mar 1945 - Nov 1945        Cornelius James Pelly (1st time)   (b. 1908 - d. 1985)
 1 Nov 1945 - 1947         Arnold Crawshaw Galloway           (b. 1901 - d. 1988)
Jul 1946 - Sep 1946        Hugh Rance (acting for Galloway)   (b. 1912 - d. 2011)
Oct 1946 – Nov 1946        Hugh Rance (acting for Galloway)   (s.a.)
Mar 1947 - 1951            Cornelius James Pelly (2nd time)   (s.a.)
Jul 1947 (1 week)          Gordon Noel Jackson                (b. 1913 - d. 1999)
                             (acting for Pelly)
Jul 1947 - Aug 1947        Hugh Rance (acting for Pelly)      (s.a.)
Aug 1947 - Nov 1947        Gordon Noel Jackson                (s.a.)
                             (acting for Pelly)
Jun 1949 (10 days)         Patrick Desmond Stobart            (b. 1920 - d. 1991) 
                             (acting for Pelly)
Jun 1949 - Oct 1949        Herbert George Jakins              (b. 1897 - d. 1988)
                             (acting for Pelly)
Oct 1949 – Nov 1949        John Amory Forrest Gethin          (b. 1916 - d. 1965)
                             (acting for Pelly)
1951 - 1952                William Scott Laver                (b. 1909 - d. 1988)
1952 - 1955                John William Wall                  (b. 1910 - d. 1989)
Jun 1955 - Sep 1955        Charles William Wallace (acting)   (b. 1926 - d. 2014)
1955 - 1959                Charles Alexander Gault            (b. 1908 - d. 1996)
25 Aug 1957 - 21 Nov 1957  David Blellock (acting for Gault)  (b. 1914 - d. ....)
1959 - 1962                Edward Parr Wiltshire              (b. 1910 - d. 2004)
1962 - 1965                John Peter Tripp                   (b. 1927 - d. 1986)
1965 - 1969                Anthony Derrick Parsons            (b. 1922 - d. 1996)
1969                       John Clark Philip (acting)         (b. 1920)
1969 - 1971                Alexander John Stirling            (b. 1926 - d. 2014)

 ¹The style of the ruler:
(a) 1783 - 15 Aug 1971: Hakim al-Bhrayn wa Tawabi‘hu ("Ruler of Bahrain and its Dependencies");
(b) 15 Aug 1971 - 14 Feb 2002: Amir Dawlat al-Bahrayn ("Emir of the State of Bahrain");
(c) from 14 Feb 2002: Malik Mamlakat al-Bahrayn ("King of the Kingdom of Bahrain").

Territorial Disputes: None; On 16 Mar 2001, the World Court granted to Bahrain sovereignty on the Hawar Islands (which U.K. recognized as Bahraini since 11 Jul 1939) and Qitat Jaradah shallows, and to Qatar sovereignty on Zubara and the shallows surrounding the islet of Fasht-el-Dibal.

Party abbreviations: (political parties are prohibited, but political societies were legalized under a Jul 2005 law)

 2 Jul 1763 - Dec 1822     British Residency established at Bushire (Bushehr) in Persia
                             by the British East India Company (see under Iran).
 5 Feb 1820                Treaty with the "Trucial Coast States" and Bahrain,
                             abolishing slave trade and forbidding piracy.
Jul 1820 - Dec 1822        British agents for the Lower Gulf stationed at Qishm Island
                             in Persia (see under Iran).
Dec 1822                   Persian Gulf Residency established by Britain.
1822 - 1873                Subordinated to the governor of Bombay province, British India.
21 Aug 1835                Treaty with the Trucial States, installing a truce of six months 
                             a year, during the pearling season.
20 May 1843                Treaty of 1835 renewed for another 10 years.
 4 May 1853                Perpetual Maritime Truce with Trucial States, renews the treaty
                             of 1835 for an unlimited period.
 9 Dec 1856 - Mar 1857     British occupy Bushire, Persia.
1873 - May 1946            Subordinated to British India (from 1946 to resident in Bahrain).
31 May 1861                Protectorate treaty with Bahrain (completed by treaties of 
                             2 Dec 1880 and 1892).
19 Mar 1891                Protectorate treaty with Oman.
 8 Mar 1892                Protectorate of the Trucial States (or Trucial Oman).
23 Nov 1899                Protectorate treaty with Kuwait (completed 3 Nov 1914).
 8 Aug 1915 - 16 Oct 1915  British occupy Bushire.
 3 Nov 1916                Protectorate treaty with Qatar.
 2 Aug 1941 - 1945         British occupy Bushire, Iran.
Aug 1946                   Headquarters moved from Bushire to Ras al-Jufair, Bahrain.
Apr 1947                   With Indian independence imminent, the Gulf Residency is
                             transferred to the control of the British Foreign Office, while
                             the post at Bushire continued to be administered by the
                             Government of India until 31 Mar 1948. 
 1 Apr 1948                Bushire Residency abolished. The Foreign Office assumes full
                             responsibility for the Residency and Agencies in the Gulf.
16 Dec 1971                End of British protectorate presence in the Gulf (post of Chief
                             Political Resident formally abolished Apr 1972).

Chief Political Residents of the Arabian (Persian) Gulf (at Bushire to Aug 1946, then Bahrain)
(for Bahrain, Bushire, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and the Trucial States)
Dec 1822 - 20 Sep 1823     John MacLeod                           (b. 1793? - d. 1823)
Oct 1823 - Dec 1823        Henry Hardy
Dec 1823 - Jan 1827        Ephraim Gerrish Stannus                (b. 1784 - d. 1850) 
Jan 1827 - Mar 1831        David Wilson
Mar 1831 - Jan 1832        Samuel Hennell (1st time)              (b. 1800 - d. 1880)
Jan 1832 - Jun 1834        David Anderson Blane                   (b. 1801 - d. 1879)
Jun 1834 - Jul 1835        Samuel Hennell (2nd time)(acting)      (s.a.)
Jul 1835 - Oct 1835        Thomas Mackenzie (1st time)(acting)    (b. 1804 - d. 1864)
Oct 1835 - Oct 1837        James Morison                          (b. 1790 - d. 1857)
Oct 1837 - Apr 1838        Thomas Mackenzie (2nd time)            (s.a.)
May 1838 - Mar 1852        Samuel Hennell (3rd time)              (s.a.)
Jan 1842 - Apr 1843        Henry Dundas Robertson                 (b. 1790 - d. 1845)
                             (acting for Hennell)
Apr 1843 - Dec 1843        Arnold Burrowes Kemball (1st time)     (b. 1820 - d. 1908)
                             (acting for Hennell)
Dec 1843 - Mar 1852        Samuel Hennell (4th time)              (s.a.)
Mar 1852 - Jul 1855        Arnold Burrowes Kemball (2nd time)     (s.a.)
Jul 1855 - Oct 1855        Vacant
Oct 1855 - Apr 1862        James Felix Jones (acting to Jul 1856) (b. 1813 - d. 1878)
Apr 1862 - Nov 1862        Herbert Frederick Disbrowe (acting)    (b. 1826 - d. 1890)
Nov 1862 - Oct 1872        Lewis Pelly (acting to Mar 1863)       (b. 1825 - d. 1892)
Oct 1872 - Mar 1891        Edward Charles Ross (acting to 1877)   (b. 1836 - d. 1913)
May 1876 - Aug 1877        William Francis Prideaux               (b. 1840 - d. 1914)
                             (acting for Ross)    
1885 - Oct 1886            Samuel Barrett Miles                   (b. 1838 - d. 1913)
                             (acting for Ross)    
Mar 1891 - May 1893        Adelbert Cecil Talbot                  (b. 1845 - d. 1920)
                             (acting to Sep 1891)
May 1893 - Jun 1893        Stuart Hill Godfrey (acting)           (b. 1861 - d. 1941)
Jun 1893 - Jul 1893        James Hayes Sadler (1st time)(acting)  (b. 1851 - d. 1922)
Jun 1893 - Dec 1893        James Adair Crawford (acting)          (b. 1857 - d. 1936)
Dec 1893 - Jan 1894        James Hayes Sadler (2nd time)(acting)  (s.a.)
Jan 1894 - Jun 1897        Frederick Alexander Wilson             (b. 1842 - d. 1899)
Jun 1897 - Apr 1900        Malcolm John Meade (acting to Mar 1898)(b. 1854 - d. 1933)
Apr 1900 - Apr 1904        Charles Arnold Kemball (acting)        (b. 1860 - d. 1943)
Apr 1904 - Oct 1920        Percy Zachariah Cox                    (b. 1864 - d. 1937)
                             (from 12 Dec 1911, Sir Percy Zachariah Cox)
                             (acting to Jan 1909)
- Acting for Cox -
Aug 1909 - Mar 1910        Arthur Prescott Trevor (1st time)      (b. 1872 - d. 1930)
Dec 1913 -  8 Feb 1914     John Gordon Lorimer                    (b. 1870 - d. 1914)
Feb 1914 - Mar 1914        Richard Lockinton Birdwood             (b. 1879 - d. 1914)
Mar 1914 - Nov 1914        Stuart George Knox (1st time)          (b. 1869 - d. 1956)
Jan 1915 - Apr 1915        Stuart George Knox (2nd time)          (s.a.)
Apr 1915 - Nov 1917        Arthur Prescott Trevor (2nd time)      (s.a.)
Nov 1917 - Sep 1919        John Hugo Hepburn Bill                 (b. 1877 - d. 1919)
Sep 1919 - Nov 1919        Cecil Hamilton Gabriel                 (b. 1879 - d. 1947)
Nov 1919 - Oct 1920        Arthur Prescott Trevor (2nd time)      (s.a.)
Chief Political Residents
Oct 1920 - Nov 1920        Arnold Talbot Wilson (acting)          (b. 1884 - d. 1940)
Nov 1920 - Apr 1924        Arthur Prescott Trevor                 (s.a.)
Apr 1923 - Oct 1923        Stuart George Knox (acting)            (s.a.)
15 Apr 1924 - Jan 1927     Francis Beville Prideaux               (b. 1871 - d. 1938)
Jun 1925 - Oct 1925        Charles Gilbert Crosthwaite            (b. 1878 - d. 1940)
Jan 1927 - Nov 1928        Lionel Berkeley Holt Haworth           (b. 1873 - d. 1951)
                             (from 4 Jun 1928, Sir Lionel Berkeley Holt Haworth) 
Nov 1928 - Apr 1929        Frederick William Johnston             (b. 1872 - d. 1947)
Apr 1929 - Nov 1929        Cyril Charles Johnson Barrett (acting) (b. 1884 - d. 1932)
 9 Nov 1929 - 19 Jul 1932  Hugh Vincent Biscoe                    (b. 1881 - d. 1932)
                             (from 3 Jun 1932, Sir Hugh Vincent Biscoe)
30 May 1931 – 22 Oct 1931  Trenchard Craven William Fowle         (b. 1884 - d. 1940)
                             (acting for Biscoe)
28 Jul 1932 - 1939         Trenchard Craven William Fowle         (s.a.)
                             (from 11 May 1937, Sir Trenchard Craven William Fowle)
20 Jul 1933 - 19 Oct 1933  Percy Gordon Loch (acting for Fowle)   (b. 1887 - d. 1963)
14 Jul 1934 – 18 Oct 1934  Percy Gordon Loch (acting for Fowle)   (s.a.)
28 Jul 1935 – 16 Oct 1935  Percy Gordon Loch (acting for Fowle)   (s.a.)
26 Jul 1936 – 19 Oct 1936  Percy Gordon Loch (acting for Fowle)   (s.a.)
Aug 1937 - Nov 1937        Olaf Kirkpatrick Kruuse Caroe          (b. 1892 - d. 1981)
                             (acting for Fowle)
Aug 1938 - Sep 1939        Hugh Weightman (acting for Fowle)      (b. 1898 - d. 1949)
Sep 1939 - May 1946        Charles Geoffrey Prior                 (b. 1896 - d. 1972)
                             (from 2 Jun 1943, Sir Charles Geoffrey Prior) 
Oct 1941 - Sep 1942        William Rupert Hay (acting for Prior)  (b. 1893 - d. 1962)
                             (from 6 Jun 1947, Sir William Rupert Hay)                    
Oct 1944 - Nov 1944        Tom Hickinbotham (acting for Prior)    (b. 1903 - d. 1983)
May 1945 - Nov 1945        Arnold Crawshaw Galloway               (b. 1901 - d. 1988)
                             (acting for Prior)
May 1946 - 1953            William Rupert Hay                     (s.a.)
                             (from 1 Jan 1952, Sir William Rupert Hay) 
Jun 1947 - Oct 1947        Arnold Crawshaw Galloway               (s.a.)
                             (acting for Hay)   
Jul 1948 - Oct 1948        Arnold Crawshaw Galloway               (s.a.)
                             (acting for Hay)   
22 Oct 1953 - Oct 1958     Bernard Alexander Brocas Burrows       (b. 1910 - d. 2002)
                             (from 9 Jun 1955, Sir Bernard Alexander Brocas Burrows) 
 8 Nov 1958 - May 1961     Sir George Humphrey Middleton          (b. 1910 - d. 1998)
May 1961 - Sep 1966        Sir William Henry Tucker Luce          (b. 1907 - d. 1977)
Sep 1966 - Sep 1970        Sir Robert Stewart Crawford            (b. 1913 - d. 2002)
Sep 1970 - 15 Aug 1971     Geoffrey George Arthur                 (b. 1920 - d. 1984)
                             (from 12 Jun 1971, Sir Geoffrey George Arthur)