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Belgium Provinces

Flemish provinces: Antwerp - Flemish Brabant - East Flanders - Limburg - West Flanders - Walloon provinces:  Hainaut - Liège - Luxembourg - Namur - Walloon Brabant - Former province Brabant - 

Party abbreviations: CD&V = Christen-Democratisch & Vlaams (Christian-Democratic and Flemish, Flemish, former CVP, est.Sep 2001); FDF = Fédéralistes Démocrates Francophones (Francophone Democratic Federalists, center-right, to 2010 named Front Démocratique des Francophones [Democratic Front of Francophones], Brussels regionalist, est.1964, part of MR 2002-2011); FN = Front National (National Front, Belgian nationalist, Wallonia & Brussels, est.1985); FNB = Front Nouveau de Belgique (New Front of Belgium, Belgian nationalist, Wallonia & Brussels, est.1996); MR = Mouvement Réformateur (Reformist Movement, social liberal, union of PFF, FDF [to 2011], PRL, and MCC, est.2002); NVA = Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (New Flemish Alliance, conservative, Flemish nationalist, est.2001); O-VLD = Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten (Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats, 'Open VLD', conservative liberal, Flemish, former VLD, est.Feb 2007); PFF = Partei für Freiheit und Fortschritt (Party for Freedom and Progress, German, liberal, est.1961, formerly part of PVV-PLP, from 2002 part of MR); PS = Parti Socialiste (Socialist Party, Francophone social-democratic, Francophone, former BSP-PSB, est.1978); RWF = Rassemblement Wallonie-France (Rally Wallonia France, socialist, Walloon separatist, est.1999); SP.A = Socialistische Partij.Anders (Socialist Party Another Way], Flanders, est.2001, formerly SP); VBl = Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest, Flemish nationalist, separatist, Eurosceptic, former VB, est.2004);
- Former parties: BSP-PSB = Parti Socialiste Belge/Belgische Socialistische Partij (Belgian Socialist Party, social-democratic, 1945-1980, divided into PS and SP); Con = Conservative (19th century conservative); CDH = Centre Démocrate Humaniste (Humanist Democratic Center, Francophone, centrist, Francophone, former PSC, 2002-17 Mar 2022, renamed Les Engagés); CP = Confessionnel Catholique Parti/Confessionele Katholieke Partij (Confessional Catholic Party, 1869-1921, then as Union Catholique Belge/Katholiek Verbond van België [Belgian Catholic Union], catholic, conservative, 1921-1936, then Parti Catholique Social/Blok der Katholieken van België [Belgian  Catholic Bloc - Social Catholic Party], 1936-1945, merged into CVP); CVP = Christelijke Volkspartij (Christian People's Party, Flemish, christian-democratic, Flanders, 1972-Sep 2001, renamed CD&V); CVP-PSC = Christelijke Volkspartij/Parti Social-chrétien (Christian People's Party-Social Christian Party, Aug 1945-1972, divided into CVP and PSC); Devlag = Duitschen-Vlaamsche Arbeidsgemeenschap/Deutsch-Vlämische Arbeitsgemeinschaft (German-Flemish Workers Community, Flemish fascist, pro-union with Germany, 1935-1945); Lib = Liberal/Liberalen (19th century liberal); MP = Meetingpartij (Meeting Party, anti-militarist, anti-royalist, Antwerp regionalist, 1862-1907, absorbed into CP); NSDAP = Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' Party, Nazi German fascist, xenophobic, 1920-1945); Org = Orangist (royalist, pro-House of Orange, 1814-1830); PCS-KVV = Parti Catholique Social/Katholieke Vlaamsche Volkspartij (Social Catholic Party-Catholic Flemish People's Party, catholic federated parties, 1937-1945); PL/LP = Parti Libéral/Liberale Partij (Liberal Party, liberal, 1846-1961, then PVV-PLP); POB-BWP = Parti Ouvrier Belge/Belgische Werklieden Partij (Belgian Worker's Party, socialist, 1885-1945, renamed BSP-PSB); PRL = Parti Péformateur Libéral (Liberal Reform Party, Wallonia & Brussels, from 2002 part of MR, 1979-2003); PRLW = Parti des Réformes et de la Liberté de Wallonie (Reforms and Freedom Party for Wallonia, center-right, merger of PLP and part of RW in 1976, became PRL on merger with PL, Wallonia and Brussels); PSC = Parti Social Chrétien (Social Christian Party, center-right, in Wallonia and Brussels, 1972-2002, renamed CDH); PVV-PLP = Partij voor Vrijheid en Vooruitgang/Parti pour la Liberté et la Prosperité (Party for Freedom and Prosperity, liberal, divided 1971 in PVV [in Flanders and Brussels] and PLP [in Wallonia and Brussels], 1961-1992); Rex = Parti Rexiste (Rexist Party, officially Rex, Walloon fascist, corporatist, socialist, 1936-1945); SLP = Sociaal-Liberale Partij (Social Liberal Party, social-liberal, progressive, formerly VP, 2009-Dec 2009, merged into Groen [Green]); Spirit = Sociaal, Progressief, Internationaal, Regionalistisch, Integraal-democratisch, Toekomstgericht (Social, Progressive, International, Regionalist, Integral-Democratic, Turned to the Future; social-liberal, Flemish, left-wing faction of VU, 2001-19 Apr 2008, renamed VP); SP = Socialistische Partij (Socialist Party, social-democratic, Flemish, 1978-2001, renamed SP.A); VB = Vlaams Blok (Flemish Bloc, Flemish nationalist, separatist, Eurosceptic, 1978-13 Nov 2004, renamed VBl); VLD = Vlaamse Liberale Democraten (Flemish Liberals and Democrats, conservative liberal, Flanders, former PVV, 1992-Feb 2007, renamed O-VLD); VNV = Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond (Flemish National Union, Flemish nationalist, far-right, authoritarian, 1933-1945); VP = Vlaamse Progressieven (Flemish Progressists, social-liberal, Flemish, formerly Spirit, 19 Apr 2008-2009, renamed SLP); VU = Volksunie-Vlaamse Vrije Democraten (People's Union-Flemish Free Democrats, center-left, Flemish autonomist, 1954-2001)

Flemish Provinces

Antwerp

[Unofficial banner of arms of the Province of Antwerp (Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag
 [Former official flag of Province of Antwerp (1928-1997)(Belgium)]
26 Oct 1928 - 7 Jan 1997
 [Antwerp (Province, Belgium)]
Adopted 7 Jan 1997

1815                       Antwerp (Anvers/Antwerpen) province.
23 Dec 1832                Dutch forces evacuate Antwerp citadel.
 11 Oct 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Antwerpen).
 18 May 1940 -  4 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940 under 672 Oberfeldkommandantur
                             [see under Brabant]).
Governors
1815 - 1817                Charles Louis Guillaume Joseph,      (b. 1768 - d. 1841)
                             baron de Keverberg de Kessel
                            (= Karel Lodewijk Willem Joseph
                             baron van Keverberg van Kessel)
 1817 - 1820                Pierre Joseph, baron Pycke de Ten    (b. 1771 - d. 1820)
                             Aerde
 3 Apr 1820 - Mar 1823     Leonard Pierre Joseph, burggraaf     (b. 1780 - d. 1849)
                              du Bus de Gisignies
 1823 - 1828                André Charles, jonkheer Membrede     (b. 1758 - d. 1831)
1828 - 1829                Edmond Charles Guillaume Ghislain    (b. 1788 - d. 1870)
                             de la Coste
1830                       Alexandre François Ghislain,         (b. 1769 - d. 1840)  Org
                             burggraaf van der Fosse
  4 Oct 1830 -  7 Apr 1831  François Xavier Jean-Marie Joseph    (b. 1778 - d. 1836)  CP
                             de Robiano, graaf de Robiano  
 7 Apr 1831 - 14 Jun 1831  Jean François Tielemans              (b. 1799 - d. 1888)  PL
 15 Jun 1831 - 20 Oct 1832  Charles Latour Rogier (1st time)     (b. 1800 - d. 1885)  PL
 23 Oct 1832 -  8 Oct 1833  Eidius Hendrik Jozef van Trier       (b. 1755 - d. 1833)  Non-party
                             de Tiège (interim)
 11 Oct 1833 -  3 Aug 1834  Jean Théodore Frédéric Teichmann     (b. 1788 - d. 1867)  CP  
                              (1st time) (interim)
  4 Aug 1834 - 18 Apr 1840  Charles Latour Rogier (2nd time)     (s.a.)               PL
 22 Apr 1840 - 28 Jun 1840  Louis Joseph de Vinck-Du Bois        (b. 1784 - d. 1858)  CP
                              (1st time) (acting)
 28 Jun 1840 -  4 Sep 1844  Henri Ghislain Joseph Marie          (b. 1801 - d. 1891)  PL
                             Hyacinthe de Brouckère 
 5 Sep 1844 - 30 Jul 1845  Jules Edouard François-Xavier Malou  (b. 1810 - d. 1886)  CP
 31 Jul 1845 - 10 Nov 1845  Louis Joseph de Vinck-Du Bois        (s.a.)               CP
                             (2nd time) (acting)
 10 Nov 1845 -  4 Apr 1862  Jean Théodore Frédéric Teichmann     (s.a.)               CP
                             (2nd time)
  5 Apr 1862 - 23 Mar 1887  Jean Joseph Edouard (Edward) Pycke   (b. 1807 - d. 1892)  PL
                             d'Ideghem, ridder Pycke d'Ideghem
24 Mar 1887 - 30 Dec 1888  Charles Louis du Bois de Vroylande   (b. 1835 - d. 1888)  CP
30 Dec 1888 - 26 Jan 1889  Augustus (August) Josephus           (b. 1842 - d. 1902)  CP
                             Constantinus Reypens (1st time)
                             (interim)
26 Jan 1889 - 13 Nov 1900  Eduardus (Eduard) Josephus           (b. 1832 - d. 1900)  MP
                             Franciscus de Paulo Osy de Zegwaart,
                             baron Osy de Zegwaart    
13 Nov 1900 - 15 Dec 1900  Augustus (August) Josephus           (s.a.)               CP
                             Constantinus Reypens (2nd time)
                             (interim)
16 Dec 1900 - 28 May 1907  Fredegandus (Frédégand) Patricius    (b. 1850 - d. 1932)  MP
                             Josephus Maria Cogels, baron Cogels
28 May 1907 - 15 Nov 1907  Justin (Justijn) Joseph Peeters      (b. 1832 - d. 1925)  MP
                             (interim)
15 Nov 1907 - 14 Mar 1908  Louis Charles Joseph Marie, graaf    (b. 1871 - d. 1938)  CP
                             de Brouchoven de Bergeyck
14 Mar 1908 - Dec 1912     Ferdinand Charles Louis Antoine,     (b. 1850 - d. 1925)  CP
                             graaf de Baillet Latour
Dec 1912 - 11 Oct 1914     Emmanuel Marie Richard Joseph Henri  (b. 1867 - d. 1923)  CP
                             "Gaston", baron van de Werve de
                             Schilde (1st time)
                             (German prisoner 11 Oct 1914 - 11 Nov 1918)
11 Oct 1914 - 1916         Fritz Louis von Weller               (b. 1848 - d. 1928)  Mil 
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Antwerpen)
Oct 1914 - Jul 1915        Justus Strandes                      (b. 1859 - d. 1930)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Antwerpen)
1915 - 1916                Gustav Friedrich Carl Johann Sthamer (b. 1856 - d. 1931)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Antwerpen)
17 Dec 1916 - 11 Nov 1918  Johann "Hans" von Zwehl              (b. 1851 - d. 1926)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Antwerpen)
Aug 1916 - 11 Nov 1918     Max Schramm                          (b. 1861 - d. 1928)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Antwerpen)
11 Nov 1918 - 18 Aug 1923  Emmanuel Marie Richard Joseph Henri  (s.a.)               CP
                             "Gaston", baron van de Werve de
                             Schilde (2nd time)
 8 Nov 1923 - 17 Aug 1940  Georges Joseph Lamoral Marie         (b. 1874 - d. 1967)  CP
                             Ghislain Holvoet, baron Holvoet
                             (in France exile May 1940 - Sep 1940)
17 Aug 1940 - 25 Sep 1942  Joannes "Jan" Josephus Grauls        (b. 1887 - d. 1960)  Non-party
                             (interim)
Sep 1942 - Oct 1942        Arthur Ferdinand Gerard Heylen       (b. 1898 - d. 1972)  VNV
                             (interim)
23 Oct 1942 -  4 Sep 1944  Frans Wildiers (interim)             (b. 1905 - d. 1986)  VNV
Aug 1944 - Sep 1944        Franz Schattenfroh                   (b. 1898 - d. 1974)  NDSAP
                             (provincial commissioner of Antwerp and Limburg provinces)
 4 Sep 1944 - 22 Sep 1944  Georges Joseph Lamoral Marie         (s.a.)               CP
                             Ghislain Holvoet, baron Holvoet
                             (2nd time)
22 Sep 1944 - 26 Aug 1945  Lodewijk Maria Constant Louis        (b. 1893 - d. 1945) CP;1945 CVP
                             Clerckx (interim)
27 Aug 1945 -  4 Jan 1946  Fernandinus Franciscus Joannes-      (b. 1881 - d. 1955)  CVP
                             Baptista Gustavus (Gustaaf) Van
                             der Linden (interim)   
 7 Jan 1946 - 31 Dec 1966  Richard Declerck                     (b. 1899 - d. 1986)  BSP
 1 Jan 1967 -  1 Oct 1993  Andries Kinsbergen                   (b. 1926 - d. 2016) PVV;1992 VLD
 1 Oct 1993 - 30 Apr 2008  Camille Paulus                       (b. 1943)          VLD;2007 O-VLD
 1 May 2008 -              Cathy Hilde Raymond Berx (f)         (b. 1969)            CD&V

Flemish Brabant

[Flemish Brabant Vlaams-Brabant (Belgium)]
Adopted 17 Jan 1995
(confirmed 16 Apr 1996)

 1 Jan 1995                Flemish Brabant (Brabant Flamand/Vlaams-Brabant) province,
                             created by the partition of Brabant province.

Governors
 1 Jan 1995 - 31 Aug 2020  Lodewijk "Lode" De Witte             (b. 1954)          SP;2001 SP.A
 1 Sep 2020 -              Jan Spooren                          (b. 1969)            NVA

Deputy governors
[monitors rights of Francophones in Brussels periphery]
1995 - 2005                Guy Desolre                          (b. 1939 - d. 2016)  PS
2005 - 2021                Valérie Flohimont (f)                (b. 1972)            PS
2021 -                     Fabienne Walravens (f)

East Flanders

[Unofficial banner of arms of East Flanders (Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag
 [East Flanders (Oost-Vlaanderen) Belgium)]
Adopted 14 Dec 1998

1815                       East Flanders (Flandre-Orientale/Oost-Vlaanderen) province.
12 Oct 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Ostflandern). East Flanders
                             (Ostflandern), West Flanders (Westflandern), and parts of
                             Hainaut (Hennegau) provinces are administered by the German Fourth
                             Army as the Etappengebiet West ("Staging Area West"), definitively
                             since the middle of Dec 1915.
18 May 1940 - 10 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940, 570 Oberfeldkommandantur has
                             jurisdiction over provinces East Flanders and West Flanders).  

Governors
1815 - 1817                Patrice Charles Ghislain de Coninck  (b. 1770 - d. 1827)
1817 - 1819                Charles Louis Guillaume Joseph,      (b. 1768 - d. 1841)
                             baron van Keverberg van Kessel
                             (= Karel Lodewijk Willem Joseph,
                              baron van Keverberg van Kessel)
 1819 - 1826                Philippe Balthazar Marie Ghislain,   (b. 1765 - d. 1830)
                             graaf de Lens, baron de Meulebeke 
1826 - 1830                Hendrik Jacob van Doorn van          (b. 1786 - d. 1853)
                             Westcapelle, baron van Doorn, 
                             heer van Westcapelle
  2 Oct 1830 - 12 Oct 1830  Provincial Commissioners
                           (from 8 Oct 1830, Special Commission
                           of the Provisional government
                            - Karel Lodewijk Spilthoorn          (b. 1804 - d. 1872)
                            - Frans Bernard Callier              (b. 1791 - d. 1885)
                            - Louis Benoît, baron Coppens        (b. 1799 - d. 1836)
                            - Pierre-Joseph de Gamond            (b. c.1780 - d. 1835)
                               (from 9 Oct 1830)
 12 Oct 1830 - 21 Dec 1830  Pierre Joseph Marie Colette de       (b. 1793 - d. 1863)  Org
                             Ryckere (interim) 
21 Dec 1830 - 21 Sep 1834  Werner-Joseph, baron de Lamberts-    (b. 1775 - d. 1849)  CP
                             Cortenbach
 21 Sep 1834 - 30 Aug 1836  Charles Ghislain Guillaume Vilain    (b. 1803 - d. 1878)  CP
                             XIIII 
11 Jan 1837 - 12 May 1843  Pierre Leonard "Louis" Marie, baron  (b. 1783 - d. 1864)  CP
                             de Schiervel
12 May 1843 - 12 Aug 1847  Léandre Antoine Joseph Desmaisières  (b. 1794 - d. 1864)  CP  
12 Aug 1847 -  1 Sep 1848  Auguste de Cock (interim)            (b. 1804 - d. 1869)
  1 Sep 1848 - 22 Aug 1871  Edouard Joseph Donatien De Jaegher   (b. 1806 - d. 1883)  PL
 22 Aug 1871 - 11 Oct 1871  François Bellemans (acting)          (b. 1821 - d. 1881)
 11 Oct 1871 -  6 Oct 1879  Théodore Emile Dominique Charles     (b. 1809 - d. 1880)  CP
                              Ghislain, graaf de T'Serclaes de
                             Wommersom
  6 Oct 1879 - 25 Nov 1884  Léon Verhaeghe de Naeyer             (b. 1839 - d. 1906)  PL
 26 Nov 1884 - 25 Aug 1885  Théophile Charles Marie Libbrecht    (b. 1860 - d. 1928)  CP
                              (acting)
 25 Aug 1885 - Oct 1914     Raymond, jonkheer de Kerchove        (b. 1847 - d. 1932)  CP 
                             (from 22 Dec 1888, Raymond, jonkheer
                             de Kerchove d'Exaerde; from 1898,
                             Raymond, baron de Kerchove d'Exaerde)
                             (1st time) 
Nov 1914 - 1915            Gerhard Heinrich von Manteuffel      (b. 1858 - d. 1943)  Mil
                              (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Ostflandern, Gent)
1915 - 28 Feb 1917         Albrecht Maria Alexander Philipp     (b. 1865 - d. 1939)  Mil
                             Joseph Herzog von Württemberg
                             (German commander of the 4th Army
                             [Oberbefehlshaber IV armee])
1914 - 11 Nov 1918         Friedrich "Fritz" Ecker              (b. 1859 - d. 1924)
                             (präsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Ostflandern, Gent)
 1 Mar 1917 - 11 Nov 1918  Friedrich Sixt von Arnim             (b. 1851 - d. 1936)  Mil
                              (German commander of the 4th Army
                             [Oberbefehlshaber IV armee])
Nov 1918 - 30 May 1919     Raymond, baron de Kerchove d'Exaerde (s.a.)               CP
                             (2nd time)
 30 May 1919 - 30 Jan 1921  Maurice Auguste Eugène Charles Marie (b. 1875 - d. 1956)  PL
                             Ghislain, graaf Lippens
30 Jan 1921 - 25 Jul 1929  André Charles Eugène Oswald, graaf   (b. 1885 - d. 1945)  PL
                              de Kerchove de Denterghem   
25 Jul 1929 - 14 Oct 1935  Carolus "Karel" Weyler               (b. 1870 - d. 1935)  PL
 19 Oct 1935 -  7 Mar 1938  Marie Julien Jules Jean François     (b. 1876 - d. 1953)  PL
                             Ingenbleek
  8 Mar 1938 - 17 Jun 1939  Louis Paul Simon, baron Frédericq    (b. 1892 - d. 1981)  PL
  3 Jul 1939 -  1 Aug 1940  Maurice Van den Boogaerde (1st time) (b. 1887 - d. 1956)  PL
 2 Jun 1940 - 25 Jun 1942  Bernhard von Claer                   (b. 1888 - d. 1953)  Mil
                             (German commander of 570 Oberfeldkommandantur)
17 Aug 1940 - 1943         Jozef Maria Prosper Anton De Vos     (b. 1895 - d. 1988)  VNV
                              (Devos) (interim)
25 Jun 1942 - 25 Jun 1944  Walter Bruns                         (b. 1889 - d. 1967)  Mil
                             (German commander of 570 Oberfeldkommandantur)
1943                       Gérard Jan Florimond De Paep         (b. 1898 - d. 1985)  VNV
                             (interim)
31 May 1943 -  2 Sep 1944  Achiel Verstraete                    (b. 1898 - d. 1980)  VNV
25 Jun 1944 - Sep 1944     Reinhold Gothsche                    (b. 1893 - d. 1945)  Mil
                             (German commander of 570 Oberfeldkommandantur)
 1944 - 194.                Richard Wilhelm Bördel von Werder    (b. 1895 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of Oost- and West-Vlaanderen provinces)
Sep 1944 - 31 Aug 1954     Maurice Van den Boogaerde (2nd time) (s.a.)               PL
  1 Sep 1954 -  2 Dec 1963  Albert Auguste Aimé Joseph Mariën    (b. 1896 - d. 1964)  PL
 10 Dec 1963 - 29 Jul 1984  Roger Frans Jan Pieter Paulus de     (b. 1919 - d. 1984)  BSP/SP
                             Kinder
1984 - 30 Jun 1985         Honoré Amedé Antoine Van Steenberge  (b. 1917 - d. 1994)  SP
                              (acting)
  1 Jul 1985 - 2004         Herman Albert Balthazar              (b. 1938)           SP;2001 SP.A
26 Nov 2004 - 31 Jan 2013  André Cyriel Denys                   (b. 1948 - d. 2013)VLD:2007OVLD
 1 Feb 2013 -  1 Nov 2018  Jan Albert Alfons Briers             (b. 1953)            Non-party
 1 Nov 2018 -  1 Sep 2020  Didier Jean-Marie Achiel             (b. 1955)            O-VLD
                             Detollenaere (acting)
 1 Sep 2020 -              Carina Elisabeth Jan Van Cauter (f)  (b. 1962)            O-VLD

Limburg
[Former, unofficial flag of Belgian province of Limburg]
Old Unofficial Flag
 [Limburg (Province, Belgium)]
Adopted 29 Oct 1996

25 Aug 1815                Province of Limburg (Limbourg/Limburg) established (see
                             under Netherlands provinces).
 4 Oct 1830                Administration by Belgium established (except in Maastricht & Venlo).
19 Apr 1839                Final Act of the London Conference divides the province:
                             part becomes Belgian province of Limburg, the rest becomes
                             the Duchy of Limburg, in personal union with the Kingdom of
                              The Netherlands (see Netherlands).
17 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Limburg).
14 May 1940 -  7 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940 under 672 Oberfeldkommandantur
                             see under Brabant).
 
Governors
1830 - 1831                François-Charles-Antoine Loë-        (b. 1789 - d. 1838)  Lib
                             Imstenrade, baron de Maer,
                             Imstenrade en Fouron-Saint-Martin
                           (= Frantz Carl Anton von Loë-Imstenraedt,
                             baron van Mheer, Imstenraedt en
                             Sint-Martens-Voeren)
1831 - 1834                Jean François Hennequin              (b. 1772 - d. 1846)  PL
21 Sep 1834 - 11 May 1843  Werner-Joseph, baron de Lamberts-    (b. 1775 - d. 1849)  CP
                             Cortenbach      
12 May 1843 - 24 Jun 1857  Pierre Leonard Louis Marie, baron de (b. 1783 - d. 1866)  CP
                             Schiervel
1857 - 1871                Théodore Emile Dominique Charles     (b. 1809 - d. 1880)  CP
                             Ghislain, graaf de T'Serclaes de
                             Wommersom
11 Oct 1871 - 26 Nov 1871  Pierre "Pieter" Jacques François de  (b. 1812 - d. 1891)  CP
                             Decker
1872 - 1879                Lambert Hubert Joseph Bovy           (b. 1810 - d. 1879)  CP
 5 Apr 1879 - 21 Apr 1894  Adolphe Emmanuel Louis Hubert        (b. 1825 - d. 1894)  PL
                             Ghislain, burggraaf Goupy de
                             Beauvolers   
13 Jun 1894 - 1914         Théodore "Henri" Jules de Pitteurs-  (b. 1834 - d. 1917)  CP
                             Hiegaerts
 1 Nov 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  August Justus Alexander Keim         (b. 1845 - d. 1926)  Mil 
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Limburg) 
1914 - 11 Nov 1918         Wilhelm Bazille                      (b. 1874 - d. 1934) 
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Limburg)
18 Feb 1919 - 22 Dec 1927  Jean Louis "Théodore" Ferdinand      (b. 1854 - d. 1927)  CP
                             Armand, comte de Renesse
1928 - 1940                Hubert Verwilghen (1st time)         (b. 1883 - d. 1955)  CP
 17 Aug 1940 -  1 Apr 1941  Gérard Lambert Marie Ghislain Romsée (b. 1901 - d. 1975)  VNV
                             (interim)
28 Apr 1941 -  9 Sep 1944  Joseph "Jef" Walther Victor Balthasar(b. 1896 - d. 1950)  VNV+Rex
                             Lysens (interim) 
Aug 1944 - Sep 1944        Franz Schattenfroh                   (b. 1898 - d. 1974)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of provinces of Antwerp and Limburg)
1944 - 1950                Hubert Verwilghen (2nd time)         (s.a.)               CVP
24 Nov 1950 - 1978         Louis Ignace Jozef Hendrik Roppe     (b. 1914 - d. 1982)  CVP
1978 - 1995                Harry J.C.G. Vandermeulen            (b. 1928 - d. 2022)  CVP
1995 - 2005                Hilde Houben-Bertrand (f)            (b. 1940)          CVP;2001 CD&V
 1 Jun 2005 - 19 Jun 2009  Steve Robert Jos Stevaert            (b. 1954 - d. 2015)  SP.A
19 Jun 2009 -  5 Oct 2009  Herman Meers (acting)                (b. 1947)            Non-party
 5 Oct 2009 - 31 Jan 2020  Herman Reynders                      (b. 1958)            SP.A
 1 Feb 2020 - 31 Aug 2020  Michel Octave Fernand Marie Carlier  (b. 1961)            Non-party
                             (acting)
 1 Sep 2020 -              Jozef "Jos" André Lantmeeters        (b. 1964)            NVA

West Flanders

[Unofficial banner of arms of West Flanders (Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag
 [West Flanders (Province, Belgium)]
Adopted 27 May 1997

1815                       West Flanders (Flandre-Occidentale/West-Vlaanderen) province.
14 Oct 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Westflandern), administered by the
                             Germany Fourth Army as part of the Etappengebiet West, definitively
                             since the middle of Dec 1915 (see under East Flanders).
20 Oct 1914 - 19 Oct 1918  Marinegebiet (Marine Area), comprising some forty kilometres of
                             Belgian coast with a triangle of harbors – Ostend, Bruges and
                             Zeebrugge, administered by the German Imperial German Navy.
Jun 1940 - 12 Sep 1944     German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940 under 570 Oberfeldkommandantur
                             see under East Flanders).
 
 Governors
Oct 1815 - 31 Dec 1820     Joseph Benoît (Jozef Benedict) de    (b. 1756 - d. 1844)
                            Loën d'Enschede
 1 Jan 1821 -  5 Dec 1822  Hyacinthe "Charles" Guillaume        (b. 1770 - d. 1834)
                             Ghislain, burggraaf van der Fosse
 6 Dec 1822 -  8 May 1826  Benedictus (Benoît) Josephus Holvoet (b. 1763 - d. 1838)
 9 May 1826 - Sep 1830     Ferdinand François Xavier de Baillet (b. 1789 - d. 1842)
12 Oct 1830 - 21 Dec 1830  Provincial Commissioners
                           - Felix Amandus de Muelenaere        (b. 1793 - d. 1862)
                           - Christophe Isidore Jullien         (b. 1773 - d. 1841)
                           - Charles Louis Herwijn              (b. 1769 - d. 1851)
12 Oct 1830 - 11 Feb 1849  Felix Amandus de Muelenaere          (s.a.)               Uni/CP
13 Apr 1849 -  9 Nov 1857  Adolphe Pierre Aloïs de Vrière       (b. 1806 - d. 1885)  PL
26 Nov 1857 -  1 Jul 1877  Benoît Vrambout                      (b. 1816 - d. 1877)  PL
                             (acting to 25 Dec 1859)                  
 7 Sep 1877 -  7 Aug 1878  Léon Emmanuel Marie Ghislain Ruzette (b. 1836 - d. 1901)  CP
                             (1st time)
 7 Aug 1878 - 16 Mar 1883  Théodore Pierre Heyvaert             (b. 1834 - d. 1907)  PL
18 Mar 1883 - 19 Jun 1884  Guillaume de Brouwer                 (b. 1840 - d. 1892)  PL
19 Jun 1884 -  1 Jan 1901  Léon Emmanuel Marie Ghislain Ruzette (s.a.)               CP
                             (2nd time)
 2 Jan 1901 - 14 Feb 1901  Jean-Baptiste Emmanuel Félix Vincent (b. 1853 - d. 1907)  CP
                             Pierre Marie de Béthune (1st time)
                             (acting)
14 Feb 1901 - 28 Jun 1903  Charles Marie Leon d'Ursel           (b. 1848 - d. 1903)  CP
 3 Jul 1903 - 24 Mar 1907  Jean-Baptiste Emmanuel Félix Vincent (s.a.)               CP
                             Pierre Marie de Béthune (2nd time)
10 Apr 1907 - 1912         Albéric Emmanuel Henri Marie Ghislain(b. 1866 - d. 1929)  CP
                             baron Ruzette
24 Mar 1912 - 20 Oct 1914  Leon Édouard Ghislain Marie Janssens (b. 1859 - d. 1938)  CP 
                             de Bisthoven (1st time)
                             (in Netherlands exile 23 Oct 1914 - 22 Oct 1918)
20 Oct 1914 - 25 Oct 1918  August Ludwig von Schröder           (b. 1854 - d. 1933)  Mil
                             (German commander Marine–Korps Flandern, Marinegebiet)
Nov 1914 - 1915            Leo von Kramsta                      (b. 1852 – d. 1926)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz West-Flandern)
Nov 1914 - Aug 1918        Küster
                             (präsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz West-Flandern)
22 Oct 1918 - 5 Jun 1933   Leon Édouard Ghislain Marie Janssens (s.a.)               CP
                             de Bisthoven (from 1922, baron
                             Janssens de Bisthoven)(2nd time) 
 6 Jun 1933 - 18 May 1940  Henri Louis Baels                    (b. 1878 - d. 1951)  CP
May 1940 - Aug 1940        Armand Lommez (acting)               (b. 1898 - d. 1967)
17 Aug 1940 - 27 Dec 1944  Michiel Bulckaert (interim)          (b. 1895 - d. 1968)  VNV
1944 - 194.                Richard Wilhelm Bördel von Werder    (b. 1895 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of provinces of Oost- and West-Vlaanderen)
25 Dec 1944 -  7 Jan 1979  Pierre van Outryve d'Ydewalle        (b. 1912 - d. 1997)  CVP
                             (acting to 25 Dec 1945)
 1 Jun 1979 - 18 Aug 1979  Leo Victor Vanackere                 (b. 1927 - d. 1979)  CVP
28 Sep 1979 - 1997         Olivier Paul Julius, baron Vanneste  (b. 1930 - d. 2014)  CVP
15 May 1997 -  1 Feb 2012  Paul J.G. Breyne                     (b. 1947)           CVP:2001:CD&V
 1 Feb 2012 -              Carl Jozef Alix Decaluwé             (b. 1960)            CD&V

Walloon Provinces

Hainaut

[unofficial flag of Hainaut Province (Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag

1815                       Hainaut (Hainaut/Henegouwen) province.
23 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German partial occupation (Hennegau provinz).
24 May 1940 -  3 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940 under 520 Oberfeldkommandantur
                             see under Namur).

Governors
16 Sep 1815 - 1822         Bonaventure Hyacinthe Joseph de      (b. 1755 - d. 1831)
                             Bousies
23 Sep 1822 - 1825         Hyacinthe "Charles" Guillaume        (b. 1770 - d. 1834)
                             Ghislain, burggraaf van der Fosse
10 Jun 1825 - 1828         Maximilien Henri Ghislain, baron     (b. 1781 - d. 1834)
                             de Beeckman de Libersart
1828 - 1830                Marie Charles Ferdinand, baron de    (b. 1785 - d. 1866)  Lib
                             Macar
29 Sep 1830 - 1834         Jean Ambroise de Puydt               (b. 1758 - d. 1836) 
21 Sep 1834 - 23 Mar 1841  Jean-Baptiste Thorn                  (b. 1783 - d. 1841)  Lib
29 Mar 1841 - 13 Apr 1841  Philippe Harmignies (acting)         (b. 1780 - d. 1852)
13 Apr 1841 - 1845         Charles Auguste, baron Liedts        (b. 1802 - d. 1878)  Lib
 12 Aug 1845 - 1847         Édouard Joseph Mercier               (b. 1799 - d. 1870)  Lib
12 Aug 1847 - 1848         Augustin Aimable Dumon-Dumortier     (b. 1791 - d. 1852)  PL
 1 Sep 1848 - 1849         Adolphe Pierre Aloïs de Vrière       (b. 1806 - d. 1885)  PL
13 Apr 1849 - 1870         Louis Charles Florent Marie Stanislas(b. 1804 - d. 1875)  PL
                             Auguste Troye
 2 Oct 1870 - 30 Jun 1878  Marie Joseph Guy Henri Philippe de   (b. 1836 - d. 1892)  CP
                             Riquet de Caraman Chimay, prince
                             de Chimay
Jul 1878                   Auguste Wanderpepen (acting)         (b. 1814 - d. 1879)  PL
1878 - 1884                Oswald Charles Eugène Marie Ghislain (b. 1844 - d. 1906)  PL
                             de Kerchove de Denterghem
1884 - 1885                Auguste-Frédéric Vergote             (b. 1818 - d. 1906)  PL
 8 May 1885 -  8 Apr 1889  Marie Charles Joseph d'Ursel,        (b. 1848 - d. 1903)  CP
                             duc d'Ursel
1889 - 1893                Charles Marie Leon d'Ursel,          (b. 1848 - d. 1903)  CP
                             comte d'Ursel
1893 - 1908                Raoul Marie Idesbalde Paul Auguste,  (b. 1857 - d. 1915)
                             baron du Sart de Bouland
1908 - 1914                Maurice Damoiseaux (1st time)        (b. 1866 - d. 1938)  CP
1914 - c.1916              Ernst Quintus Sigismund von Gladiss  (b. 1856 - d. 1920)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Hennegau)  
1915 - 1917                Karl Haniel (civil administrator)    (b. 1877 - d. 1944)
c.1916 - 1918?             Bothe                                                     Mil
                            (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Hennegau) 
1917 - 11 Nov 1918         Günther von Le Suire                 (b. 1880 - d. 1950)
                             (präsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Hennegau)
1918 - 1937                Maurice Damoiseaux (2nd time)        (s.a.)               CP
 1 Jun 1937 -  1 Sep 1940  Henri Van Mol                        (b. 1886 - d. 1975)  PS
Sep 1940 - Sep 1944        Antoine Joseph Leroy                 (b. 1876 - d. 1960)  Rex  
 1944 - 194.                Ernst Mallia                         (b. 1896 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of provinces of Hennegau and Namur)
1944 - 1967                Émile Cornez                         (b. 1900 - d. 1967)  CP
1967 - 1978                Émilien Vaes                         (b. 1916 - d. 1997)  PRL
1983 - 2004                Michel Jules Arthur Tromont          (b. 1937 - d. 2018)  PRL
  1 Aug 2004 - 31 Dec 2012  Claude Durieux                       (b. 1945)            PS  
 1 Jan 2013 - 28 Mar 2013  Guy Bracaval (interim)               (b. 1959?)           PS
28 Mar 2013 -              Tommy Leclercq                       (b. 1970)            PS

Liège

[Unofficial flag of the Province of Liège (Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag

1815                       Liège (Liège/Luik) province.
 7 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Lüttich).
13 May 1940 -  8 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940, 589 Oberfeldkommandantur has
                             jurisdiction over the provinces of Liège and Luxembourg).
Dec 1944 - Jan 1945        Brief German re-occupation of parts of Liège province.

Governors
1815 - 1828                Charles Alexandre de Liedekerke-   (b. 1764 - d. 1846) 
                             Beaufort
1828 - 1830                Samuel Johannes Sandberg baron van (b. 1778 - d. 1854)
                             Essenburg
1830 - 1831                Étienne Noel Joseph de Sauvage     (b. 1789 - d. 1867)  Lib
 4 Jun 1831 -  4 Oct 1832  Jean-François Tielemans            (b. 1799 - d. 1888)  Lib
1832 - 1844                Charles Herman Amand Joseph van    (b. 1781 - d. 1846)  CP
                             den Steen de Jehay
 4 Sep 1844 - 22 Jun 1846  Henri Ghislain Joseph Marie        (b. 1801 - d. 1891)  Lib
                             Hyacinthe de Brouckère
 8 Aug 1846 - 12 Aug 1847  Edmond Charles Guillaume Ghislain  (b. 1778 - d. 1870)  PL
                             de la Coste
1847 - 1863                Ferdinand de Macar                 (b. 1785 - d. 1866)  PL
1863 - 26 Mar 1882         Charles Joseph Pascal de Luesemans (b. 1808 - d. 1882)  PL
1882 - 1908                Léon Pety de Thozée                (b. 1841 - d. 1912)  PL
Ap 1908 - 1914             Henry Charles Marie Adolphe Delvaux(b. 1863 - d. 1947)  CP
                             de Fenffe (1st time)
13 Aug 1914 -  7 Nov 1914  Richard Heinrich Wilhelm Kolewe    (b. 1853 - d. 1943)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Festung Lüttich)
Aug 1914 - Jul 1915        Vollmer
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Lüttich)
 7 Nov 1914 - 30 Sep 1916  Günther Franz Werner Wilhelm Bodo  (b. 1859 - d. 1935)  Mil
                             Graf von der Schulenburg-Hehlen
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Lüttich)
Jul 1915 - 11 Nov 1918     Wilhelm Horning
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Lüttich)
Oct 1916 - Dec 1916        Max Karl Kurt von Seydewitz        (b. 1857 - d. 1921)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Lüttich)
23 Dec 1916 - 1918?        Leo Götz von Olenhusen             (b. 1855 - d. 1942)  Mil  
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Lüttich)
 1918 - 1919                Henry Charles Marie Adolphe Delvaux(s.a.)               CP
                             de Fenffe (2nd time)
1919 - 1927                Gaston Grégoire                    (b. 1860 - d. 1927)  PL
 1927 - 1937                Henri Louis Joseph Pirard          (b. 1868 - d. 1948)  BWP-POB
1937 - 1940                Jules Mathieu                      (b. 1887 - d. 1943)  BWP-POB
                             (in exile to 6 Feb 1943)
 2 Jun 1940 - 15 Nov 1942  Gustav Keim                        (b. 1876 - d. 1955)  Mil
                             (German commander of 589 Oberfeldkommandantur)
20 Aug 1940 - 30 Mar 1942  Georges Doyen (interim)            (b. 1906 - d. 19..)  CP
 1 Apr 1942 - Sep 1944     Georges Olivier Petit              (b. 1885 - d. 19..)  Rex
15 Nov 1942 - 10 Jun 1943  Georg Bertram                      (b. 1882 - d. 1953)  Mil
                             (German commander of 589 Oberfeldkommandantur)
10 Jun 1943 -  7 Sep 1944  Bernhard von Claer                 (b. 1888 - d. 1953)  Mil
                             (German commander of 589 Oberfeldkommandantur)
Sep 1944 - 194.            Bernhard Ruberg                    (b. 1897 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of Luik and Luxemburg provinces)
1944 - 1953                Joseph Leclercq                    (b. 1886 - d. 1961)  PSB
1953 - 1971                Pierre Charles Jean Joseph,        (b. 1909 - d. 2006)  PRL
                             comte Clerdent 
1971 - 1990                Gilbert Mottard                    (b. 1926 - d. 2011)  PS
1990 - 2004                Paul Bolland                       (b. 1939)            PS
11 Feb 2004 - 2015         Michel Foret                       (b. 1948)            MR
 1 Oct 2015 -              Hervé Jamar                        (b. 1965)            MR 

Luxembourg

[Unofficial banner of arms of the Province of Luxembourg (Belgium)] Unofficial Flag
 [Luxembourg (Province, Belgium)] Adopted 23 Mar 1955

16 Oct 1830                Belgian provisional government declares Luxembourg (Luxembourg/
                             Luxemburg) an integral part of Belgium (Arlon district defects
                             to the revolutionaries 19 Oct 1830; district of Luxembourg
                              [excluding the Luxembourg fortress] on 22 Oct 1830).
22 Oct 1830 - 19 Jan 1839  Belgian occupation/administration of Luxembourg 
                             (except the fortress-city of Luxembourg).
17 Feb 1831                Upon separation of Belgium from the Kingdom of The 
                             Netherlands, the already diminished territory of Luxembourg
                              is divided into the (larger) Belgian province of Luxembourg
                              and the (smaller) surviving Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. 
17 Feb 1831                Luxembourg (Luxembourg/Luxemburg/Lussimbork) province.
19 Jun 1839                Division of Luxembourg acquiesced to by the King/Grand-duke.
12 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Luxemburg).
10 May 1940 - 10 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940 under 589 Oberfeldkommandantur
                             see under Liege).
Dec 1944 - Jan 1945        Brief German re-occupation of parts of Luxembourg province.

Commissioner-general (in Arlon)
 5 Oct 1830 - 16 Oct 1830  François d'Hoffschmit              (b. 1797 - d. 1854)  Lib
                              (Franz Heinrich von Hoffschmidt)
Governors
16 Oct 1830 - 1832         Jean-Baptiste Thorn                (b. 1783 - d. 1841)  Lib
19 Apr 1832 - 21 Sep 1834  Jean Nicolas Rossignon             (b. 1774 - d. 1847)
21 Sep 1834 - 10 Dec 1834  Feuillien Charles Marie Joseph,    (b. 1800 - d. 1887)  CP
                             baron de Coppin de Falaën
10 Dec 1834 - 28 Apr 1842  Victorin Jean François Augustin,   (b. 1791 - d. 1841)
                             baron de Steenhault 
28 Apr 1841 -  4 Nov 1841  François Toussaint Dubois-Thorn    (b. 1805 - d. 1886)  Non-party
                             (1st time)(interim)
 4 Nov 1841 -  8 Mar 1842  Joseph de Riquet de Caraman, prince(b. 1808 - d. 1886)  CP
                              de Chimay                        
 8 Mar 1842 - 19 Jun 1842  Auguste Henri Vincent, baron       (b. 1789 - d. 1868)
                             d'Huart de Villemont
19 Jun 1842 - 21 Nov 1842  Adolphe Dechamps                   (b. 1807 - d. 1875)
21 Nov 1842 - 20 May 1843  Grégoire Louis François Orban      (b. 1811 - d. 1891)
                             (interim)
 20 May 1843 - 12 May 1857  Jean-Baptiste Smits                (b. 1792 - d. 1857)  CP
12 May 1857 - 24 Jun 1857  Charles Philippe Joseph Odon Dury  (b. 1813 - d. 1868)
                             (interim)
24 Jun 1857 - 1862         François Toussaint Dubois-Thorn    (s.a.)               Non-party
                             (2nd time)
1862 - 1884                Charles Louis Van Damme            (b. 1806 - d. 1884)  CP
 1884 - 1891                Paul de Gerlache                   (b. 1838 - d. 1891)  CP
1891 - 1901                Édouard Louis Orban, baron de Xivry(b. 1858 - d. 1901)  CP?
 1902 - 1914                Marie Camille Emmanuel de Briey    (b. 1862 - d. 1944)  CP
                             (1st time)   
1914 - Jun 1916            Friedrich Hermann Anton von Hurt   (b. 1859 - d. 1941)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Luxemburg)  
1914 - 1916                Hermann Strahl                     (b. 1866 - d. 1924)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Luxemburg)
1916 - 1917                Fritz von Weller                   (b. 1848 - d. 1928)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Luxemburg)
191. - 1918                Heinrich Ritter von Kaufmann-Asser (b. 1882 - d. 1954)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Luxemburg)
1917 - 11 Nov 1918         Leopold Friedrich Wilhelm Graf     (b. 1862 - d. 1935)  Mil
                             von Gessler
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Luxemburg)                    
1918 - 1932                Marie Camille Emmanuel de Briey    (s.a.)               CP
                             (2nd time)
1932 - 11 Jul 1940         Fernand Louis Henri François van   (b. 1872 - d. 1948)  CP
                             den Corput (1st time)
 1 Aug 1940 -  1 Dec 1943  René Marie Jules, baron Greindl    (b. 1898 - d. 1945)  CP
                             (interim)(German prisioner 7 Sep 1944 - 21 Feb 1945)
  1 Dec 1943 - 1944         Jacques Albert Dewez               (b. 1911 - d. 19..)  Rex
                             (acting to 30 Apr 1944)
16 Sep 1944 - 1944         Bernhard Ruberg (did not take over)(b. 1897 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of Luik and Luxemburg provinces)
1944 - 1945                Fernand Louis Henri François van   (s.a.)               CP
                             den Corput (2nd time)
1946 - 1953                Pierre Charles Jean Joseph Clerdent(b. 1909 - d. 2006)  PL
1961 - 1965                Désiré de Lamalle                  (b. 1915 - d. 1996)  PSC
1965 - 1976                Maurice Paul Brasseur              (b. 1909 - d. 1996)  PSC
1976 - 1996                Jacques Planchard                  (b. 1929 - d. 2013)  PSC
 4 Jun 1996 - 21 Jan 2016  Bernard Caprasse                   (b. 1949)            PSC;2002 CDH
21 Jan 2016 -              Olivier Schmitz                    (b. 1966)            CDH

Namur

[Unofficial banner of arms of the Province of Namur (Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag
 [Namur (Province, Belgium)]
Adopted 15 Oct 1953

1815                       Namur (Namur/Namen/Nameur) province.
23 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Namur).
19 May 1940 -  5 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940, 520 Oberfeldkommandantur has
                             jurisdiction over the provinces of Namur and Hainaut).

Governors
1815 - 1830                Jean d'Omalius d'Halloy              (b. 1783 - d. 1875)
10 Jan 1830 - 20 Sep 1834  Goswin Joseph Augustin, baron de     (b. 1780 - d. 1854)  Lib
                             Stassart
21 Sep 1834 -  5 Apr 1840  Jean-Louis Joseph Lebeau             (b. 1794 - d. 1866)  Lib
 5 Apr 1840 - 21 Jun 1840  Alexandre Bruno (1st time)(interim)  (b. 1780? - d. 1864)
21 Jun 1840 -  2 Nov 1847  Édouard Dominique Marie Joseph,      (b. 1800 - d. 1884)  Lib
                             baron d'Huart                 
 2 Nov 1847 - Aug 1848     Adolphe de Vrière                    (b. 1806 - d. 1885)  PL
  1 Sep 1848 - 18 Aug 1851  Victor François Perpète Pirson       (b. 1809 - d. 1867)  PL
 31 Aug 1851 - 10 Mar 1853  Alexandre Bruno (2nd time)(interim)  (s.a.)
 10 Mar 1853 - 20 Nov 1875  Charles, comte de Baillet            (b. 1812 - d. 1875)  CP
12 Feb 1876 - 11 Jan 1877  Gustave Émile David Ghislain de      (b. 1834 - d. 1877)
                             Mévius
 3 Feb 1877 - Jun 1881     Albert-Ghislain-Marie, comte de      (b. 1834 - d. 1914)  CP
                             Beauffort
24 Jun 1881 - 29 May 1882  Léon Théodore Marie Pety de Thozée   (b. 1841 - d. 1912)  PL
 2 Aug 1882 - 1884         Auguste Frédéric Vergote             (b. 1818 - d. 1906)  PL
  9 Jun 1884 -  4 Nov 1914  Charles de Montpellier de            (b. 1830 - d. 1914)  CP
                              Vedrin
1914 - 1915                Sigmund Ritter von Longchamps-Berier (b. 1846 - d. 1919)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Namur)
25 Aug 1914 - 30 Aug 1916  Carl Rudolf Freiherr von Hirschberg  (b. 1855 - d. 1927)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Festung und Provinz Namur)
1915 - 1917                Eugen Kranzbühler                    (b. 1870 - d. 1928)
                             (präsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Namur)         
30 Aug 1916 - 15 Jan 1918  Wilhelm Köhl                         (b. 1859 - d. 1942)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Namur)   
1917? - 1918?              Freiherr von Hund und Alten-Grottkau
                             (präsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Namur)  
15 Jan 1918 - 11 Nov 1918  Hugo Ritter von Huller               (b. 1859 - d. 1931)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Namur)
Nov 1918 - 14 Apr 1937     Paul, baron de Gaiffier d'Hestroy    (b. 1865 - d. 1940)
                             (acting to 18 Feb 1919)
15 Apr 1937 -  1 Nov 1940  François Louis Charles Marie Bovesse (b. 1890 - d. 1944)  PL
                              (in exile May 1940 - 1 Feb 1944)   
May 1940 - Aug 1940        Henri Bribosia (acting)              (b. 1865 - d. 1957)  PCS-KVV
 2 Jun 1940 -  4 Apr 1942  Otto Gullmann                        (b. 1887 - d. 1963)  Mil
                             (German commander of 520 Oberfeldkommandantur)
17 Aug 1940 - 31 Mar 1942  Georges Devos (interim)              (b. 1901 - d. 1958)  Rex
 1 Dec 1941 - 31 Mar 1942  Antoine Joseph Leroy                 (b. 1876 - d. 1960)  Rex 
                             (acting for Devos)
 1 Apr 1942 - 1944         Emmanuel de Croÿ, prince de Croy     (b. 1908 - d. 1997)  Rex
                             (Croij) et de Solre
 4 Apr 1942 -  2 Feb 1943  ....
                             (German commander of 520 Oberfeldkommandantur)
 2 Feb 1943 - 20 May 1944  Otto Schmidt-Hartung                 (b. 1892 - d. 1976)  Mil
                             (German commander of 520 Oberfeldkommandantur)
20 May 1944 - Sep 1944     Reinhold Gothsche                    (b. 1893 - d. 1945)  Mil
                             (German commander of 520 Oberfeldkommandantur)
1944 - 194.                Ernst Mallia                         (b. 1896 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
                             (provincial commissioner of provinces of Henegouwen and Namen)
1944 - 1945                Henri Lambert de Rouvroit (acting)   (b. 1892 - d. 1985)
22 Dec 1945 - 17 Mar 1968  Robert Gruslin                       (b. 1901 - d. 1985)  PL
  9 Jul 1968 - 19 Jan 1977  René Close                           (b. 1918 - d. 1977)  PS
31 Jul 1977 - 12 Jul 1980  Pierre Falize                        (b. 1927 - d. 1980)  PS
 9 Aug 1980 - 30 Sep 1987  Émile Lacroix                        (b. 1920 - d. 1993)  PS
 2 Oct 1987 - 31 Jul 1994  Émile Wauthy                         (b. 1927 - d. 1999)  PSC
 1 Aug 1994 -  8 Jan 2007  Amand Dalem                          (b. 1938 - d. 2018) PSC;2002 CDH
 8 Jan 2007 -              Denis Mathen                         (b. 1965)            MR

Walloon Brabant

[Walloon Brabant (Province, Belgium)]
  Adopted 2 Jan 1995

 1 Jan 1995                Walloon Brabant (Brabant-Wallon/Waals-Brabant) province,
                             created by the partition of Brabant province.
 
Governors
1995 - 2000                Valmy A.E.M.Gh. Féaux                (b. 1933)            PS
2000 -  8 Jul 2006         Emmanuel Hendrickx                   (b. 1940 - d. 2024)  PS
 8 Jul 2006 -  8 Jan 2007  Étienne Hachez (acting)              (b. 1953?)           Non-party
 8 Jan 2007 - Oct 2014     Marie-José Laloy (f)                 (b. 1950)            PS
Oct 2014 - 30 Sep 2015     Christophe Baes (acting)             (b. 1971)            PS
 1 Oct 2015 -              Gilles Mahieu                        (b. 1964)            PS

Former Province

Brabant

[Brabant unofficial flag to 1995 (Former province, Belgium)]
Unofficial Flag

1815                       South Brabant (Brabant du Sud/Zuid-Brabant) province.
1831                       Brabant province (renamed).
 20 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov 1918  German occupation (Provinz Brabant, from 1916 Gouvernement von
                             Brüssel und Brabant).
17 May 1940 -  3 Sep 1944  German occupation (from 2 Jun 1940, 672 Oberfeldkommandantur has
                             jurisdiction over the provinces of Brabant, Antwerp, Limburg and
                             the city of Brussels).
 1 Jan 1995                Divided into Flemish Brabant and Walloon Brabant provinces
                              and the region of Brussels-Capital.

Governors
1815 - 1818                François Joseph Charles Marie, graaf (b. 1780 - d. 1869)
                             van Mercy d'Argenteau
1818 - 1823                Philippe Jean Michel, graaf          (b. 1771 - d. 1846)
                             d'Arschot Schoonhoven
25 Mar 1823 -  9 May 1828  Léonard Pierre Joseph, burggraaf du  (b. 1780 - d. 1849)
                              Bus de Gisignies
                             (absent from Aug 1825)                 
1825 - 1828                Philippe Joseph Marie Ghislain       (b. 1777 - d. 1848)
                             Huysman d'Annecroix
                             (interim; acting for Bus de Gisignies)
 3 Aug 1828 - 1830         Hyacinthe Charles Guillaume Ghislain,(b. 1770 - d. 1834)
                             burggraaf van der Fosse
1830                       Pierre François Van Meenen           (b. 1772 - d. 1858)  Lib
                             (interim)
 1 Dec 1830 - 1834         Feuillien Charles Marie Joseph,      (b. 1800 - d. 1887)  CP
                             baron de Coppin de Falaën
                             (interim to 9 Jul 1831)
1834 - 1838                Goswin Joseph Augustin, baron de     (b. 1780 - d. 1854)  Lib
                             Stassart
17 Jun 1839 - 1845         Guillaume Jean Antoine, baron de     (b. 1791 - d. 1857)  CP
                             Viron (interim to 16 Oct 1839)  
1845 - 1852                Charles Augustin Liedts (1st time)   (b. 1802 - d. 1878)  PL
1852 - 1854                Pierre Annemans (1st time)(interim)  (b. 1792 - d. 1865)
30 Mar 1854 - 1861         Charles Augustin Liedts (2nd time)   (s.a.)               PL
 1861 - 1862                Pierre Annemans (2nd time)(interim)  (s.a.)
1862 - 1883                François Toussaint Dubois-Thorn      (b. 1805 - d. 1886)  Non-party
1883 - 1884                Théodore Pierre Heyvaert             (b. 1834 - d. 1907)  PL
 1885 - 1906                Auguste Frédéric Vergote             (b. 1818 - d. 1906)  PL
 1906 - 1914                Henri Marie Émile de Béco (1st time) (b. 1843 - d. 1928)  CP
23 Oct 1914 - 1915         Bolko Ludwig Erdmann Melchior Julius (b. 1853 - d. 1931)  Mil
                             Nikolaus Graf von Roedern (Rödern)
                             (German militär-gouverneur von Brüssel und Brabant)
 1 Nov 1914 - Mar 1917     Karl Gerstein                        (b. 1864 - d. 1924)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Brabant)
1915 - 1916                August Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig      (b. 1842 - d. 1915)  Mil      
                              von Schroeder (Schröder)
                             (German militär-gouverneur der Provinz Brabant)     
17 Sep 1915 - 1916         Traugott Martin von Sauberzweig      (b. 1863 - d. 1920)  Mil
                             (German militär-gouverneur Belgien - Brüssel)  
 3 Aug 1916 - 11 Nov 1918  Friedrich Hermann Anton von Hurt     (b. 1859 - d. 1941)  Mil
                             (from 12 Aug 1918, Friedrich Hermann Anton Ritter von Hurt)
                             (German militär-gouverneur Brüssel und Brabant)
                             (acting to 1 Jan 1917)  
Apr 1917 - 1918            Eugen Kranzbühler                    (b. 1870 - d. 1928)
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Brabant)
1918 - 11 Nov 1918         Oskar Freiherr von der Lancken-      (b. 1867 – d. 1939)
                             Wakenitz
                             (päsident der zivilverwaltung der Provinz Brabant)
1918 - 1928                Henri Marie Émile de Béco (2nd time) (s.a.)               CP
1928 - 1935                François-André Nens                  (b. 1873 - d. 1935)  PSC
 7 Feb 1935 - May 1940     Albert Léon Marie, baron Houtart     (b. 1887 - d. 1951)  CP
                             (1st time)
17 May 1940 - 16 Mar 1941  Friedrich Ritter von Bogendörfer     (b. 1869 - d. 1945)  Mil
                             (German commander of 672 Oberfeldkommandantur)
Aug 1940 - Jul 1942        Albert Léon Marie, baron Houtart     (s.a.)               CP
                             (2nd time)
16 Mar 1941 -  1 Nov 1943  Günther Edmund Werner Freiherr von   (b. 1877 - d. 1965)  Mil
                             Hammerstein-Equord
                             (German commander of 672 Oberfeldkommandantur)
Oct 1942 -  1 Mar 1943     Jean Mathieu François Adam Clément   (b. 1904 - d. 1976)  VNV
                             Joseph Croonenberghs (Cronenbergs)
                             (acting)
 1 Mar 1943 - 30 Sep 1943  Frans Wildiers (acting)              (b. 1905 - d. 1986)  VNV
 1 Nov 1943 - Sep 1944     Friedrich Karst                      (b. 1893 - d. 1975)  Mil
                             (German commander of 672 Oberfeldkommandantur)
Sep 1943 - Sep 1944        Adrien Gillès, baron de Pélichy      (b. 1909 - d. 1979)  VNV
 1 Jul 1944 - Sep 1944     Franz Vogelsang (did not take office)(b. 1899 - d. 1979)  NSDAP   
                             (provincial commissioner of Brussels and Brabant province)
Sep 1944                   Albert Léon Marie, baron Houtart     (s.a.)               CP
                             (3rd time)(acting)
Sep 1944 -  1 Aug 1945     Jean Marie Guillaume Joseph Henrinckx(b. 1888 - d. 1961)  Non-party
                             (interim)
1945                       Jules Hansez (interim)               (b. 1870 - d. 1949)  PL
 23 Dec 1945 - 1951         Ferdinand Charles Gustave Demets     (b. 1882 - d. 1952)  PL
 1951 - 1976                Jean de Néeff                        (b. 1909 - d. 1999)  PSC
1977 - 1989                Ivan Roggen                          (b. 1921 - d. 1997)  PRL
1989 - 31 Dec 1994         André R.L. Degroeve                  (b. 1931 - d. 2014)  PS




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Southern Netherlands Provinces 1648-1795
Provinces: Brabant - Flanders - Hainaut - Limburg - Luxemburg - Mechelen - Namur - Tournai - Upper Guelders - Former province: Artois -


Note: While the Estates-General of the Southern, Spanish (later Austrian), Netherlands were not convened since 1634, at the provincial level the Estates (French: États, Dutch: Staten) were regularly convened during the 17th and 18th centuries, with permission of the Spanish and Austrian administration, and they guarded provincial autonomy, privileges and customs, especially in area of taxation, and the formal status of the provinces as states of the Holy Roman Empire. The provincial Councils, established in the early 15th century, had both administrative and judicial authority. The position of governor still existed in most of the provinces, but by the 1750's the post was reduced to a purely military and non-political role. The uniform Circles (in Dutch: Kreits, in German: Kreis), established by the Austrians in 1787 according to the French model, administered by Intendants (in German: Kreishauptleute) and intended to supersede the existing provincial authorities, were soon abolished.

Noble titles: baron = baron; vicomte/burggraaf/vizconde = viscount; comte/graaf/graf/conde/conte = count; duc/herzog/duque = duke; marquis/markgraaf/marques/marchese = marquess; prins/fürst/prinz/principe = prince; freiherr = allodial (free) lord; kurfürst = prince-elector; erzherzog/erzherzogin = archduke/archduchess; seigneur/heer = lord
Artois (Artesië): see under France Provinces before 1790

Brabant

[Duchy of Brabant Flag 17th century (Belgium)]
17th Century Flag 

Capital: Brussels
Population: 675,000 (1785)

959                        Duchy of Lower Lotharingia (Lotharingiae ducatus Inferioris),
                             capital Brussels, within the Holy Roman Empire, created from
                             Lotharingia (see Lorraine under France Provinces to 1790).
1085                       Landgraviate of Brabant (Landgravius ​​Brabantiae), under the Count of
                             Louvain (Leuven) and Brussels (within Lotharingia).
1106                       Margraviate of Antwerp (March of Antwerp)(Marchio Andverpium) annexed
                             to the Duchy of Lower Lotharingia.
1183                       Duchy of Brabant (Ducatus Brabantiae), the duke keeps also title of
                             duke of Lothier (confirmed by Emperor Heinrich VI in 1190)
                             (merger of landgraviate of Brabant, counties of Louvain & Brussels).
Sep 1190                   Duke Henry I of Brabant inherited the Lothier ducal title by order of
                             Emperor Henry VI at the Diet of Schwäbisch Hall. Thereby the Duchy
                             of Lower Lotharingia finally lost its territorial authority, the
                             remnant Imperial fief held by the dukes of Brabant was later
                             called the Duchy of Lothier (Lottier, Lothryk).
Sep 1202                   King Otto IV of Germany invested the duke of Brabant with Nivelles
                             Abbey, the imperial city of Nijmegen, and the city of Maastricht,
                             with the royal rights to the chapter of St. Servatius. After the
                             duke defected to the party of Philip of Swabia, he was invested
                             with Nivelles (again) and with Maastricht on 12 Nov 1204.
 4 Aug 1430                Brabant inherited by the Valois dukes of Burgundy.
27 Mar 1482                Brabant inherited by the Habsburg dynasty.
16 Jan 1556                Part of the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian) Netherlands, as province
                             of Duchy of Brabant (Ducado de Brabante/Duché de Brabant/Herzogtum
                             Brabant/Hertogdom Brabant) with Margraviate of Antwerp (Marquisat
                             d'Anvers/Markgrafschaft Antwerpen/Markgraafschap Antwerpen).
 4 Sep 1576 - 10 Mar 1585  Brussels in rebellion against the Spanish (joins the Union of Utrecht
                             for Brabant 25 Jun 1579).
22 Dec 1577 - 17 Aug 1585  Antwerp in rebellion against the Spanish (joins the Union of Utrecht
                             for Brabant 29 Jul 1579).
Jul 1584 - 17 Aug 1585     Spanish siege and capture of Antwerp.
28 May 1706 - Jan 1716     Allied (Dutch-British) occupation, in Jan 1716 transferred to the
                             Austrian Habsburgs.
 5 Jun 1706                Estates of Brabant recognize Karl III of Austria as duke of Brabant.
22 Feb 1746 - 18 Oct 1748  Occupied by France.
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Superseded by the Circles of Brussels (Cercle de Bruxelles) and
                             Antwerp (Cercle d'Anvers).
11 Jan 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Province of the United Belgian States (on 26 Dec 1789 the provincial
                             Estates proclaim independence from the Austrian Habsburgs).
14 Nov 1792 - 26 Mar 1793  Occupied briefly by France.
10 Jul 1794                Occupied by France.
 1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (départements of Deux-Nethes and Dyle, see
                             under French Départements in Belgium).
1815                       Divided into provinces of Brabant and Antwerp of the Netherlands
                              (from 1830, Belgium).

Chancellors of the Council of Brabant
1625 - 1649                Ferdinand van Boisschot, graaf       (b. 1570 - d. 1649)
                             van Erps
1649 - 1651                Frans van Kinschot                   (b. 1577 - d. 1651)
1651 - 1661                Robert d'Asseliers                   (b. 1576 - d. 1661)
1661 - 1668                Filips Willem van Steenhuys,         (b. 1593 - d. 1668)
                              baron van Poederle
                              (vice-chancellor to 1663)
1668 - 1686                Simon de Fierlant                    (b. 1602 - d. 1686)
1686 - 1687                Jean-Antoine Locquet, vicomte        (b. 1625 - d. 1687)
                             d'Hombecque 
1687 - 1690                Jan Baptist Christyn, baron van      (b. 1630 - d. 1690)
                             Meerbeek
1690 - 1698                Guillaume-Philippe, marquis          (b. 1642 - d. 1698)
                             d'Herzelles
1698 - 1725                Willem Albert van Grysperre          (b. 1638 - d. 1725)
                             baron van Goyck  
1725 - 1739                Honorius Hendrik d'Eesbeecke         (b. 1661 - d. 1739)
                             burggraaf van Haghen
1739 - 1756                Jan Daniël Antoon Schockaert         (b. 1698 - d. 1756)
                             graaf van Thirimont
1746 - 1747                Filips van der Eycken                (b. 1669 - d. 1747)
                             (acting for absent Schockaert)
1756 - 1763                Lodewijk Frans graaf van Robiano     (b. 1700 - d. 1763)
1763 - 1769                Gillis Frans Streithagen             (b. 1708 - d. 1769)
1769 - 1794                Jozef Ambrosius baron van Crumpipen  (b. 1737 - d. 1809)
1790                       Balthazar de Villegas d'Estaimbourg  (b. 1722 -d. 1795)
                             (acting for absent Crumpipen)
1794                       Gaspard Jozef Ferdinand van Limpens  (b. 1739 - d. 1822)

Intendant of circle of Brussels (Bruxelles)
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Ferdinand Pierre Rapedius, seigneur  (b. 1740 - d. 1802)
                             de Berg
Intendant of circle of Antwerp (Anvers)
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Pierre van der Dilft

Flanders

[County of Flanders 17th Cent. flag (Belgium)]
17th Century Flag
Capital: Gent (Ghent)
(West-Flanders: Ieper/Ypres)
Population: 801,000 (1785, including West-Flanders 193,000)

862                        County of Flanders (Comitatus Flandriae), within Kingdom of West
                             Franks (latter France).
 30 Jan 1384                Inherited by the Valois Dukes of Burgundy.
 27 Mar 1482                Inherited by the Habsburg dynasty.
 23 May 1493                Flanders transferred from France to the Holy Roman Empire by Treaty
                              of Senlis.
 16 Jan 1556                Part of the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian) Netherlands, as province
                             of County of Flanders (Condado de Flandes/Comté de Flandre/
                              Grafschaft Flandern/Graafschap Vlaanderen).
 28 Oct 1577 - 17 Aug 1584  Ghent in rebellion against the Spanish (joins the Union of Utrecht
                              for Flanders 4 Feb 1579; also joins Ieper/Ypres 10 Jul 1579, Bruges
                              Nov 1579).
 1584                       Position of governor of Flanders abolished, its functions transfered
                             to the governors-general of the Spanish Netherlands.
May 1668                   Southwest Flanders (bailiwick of Lille) annexed by France (see
                             Flandre et Hainaut under France Provinces to 1791).
1678 - 1713                Western part (around Ieper/Ypres) of the province ceded to France
                              (part of Generality of Flandre Maritime [see Dunkerque under France
                             Provinces to 1790]).
 30 May 1706 - Jan 1716     Allied (Dutch-British) occupation, in Jan 1716 transferred to the
                              Austrian Habsburgs.
  6 Jun 1706                Estates of Flanders recognize Karl III of Austria as count of
                              Flanders.
 1713                       Western part restored by France, in 1717 becomes the separate
                             Departement of West Flanders (département West-Flandre), without
                             the provincial Estates, but subject to the Council of Flanders.
 1745 - 1748                Occupied by France.
 Mar 1787 - May 1787        Superseded by the circles of Ghent (Cercle de Gand) and Bruges
                             (Cercle de Bruges)(West-Flanders part of the Circle of Tournai).
11 Jan 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Provinces of Flanders and West-Flanders of the United Belgian States,
                              the Estates of West-Flanders convened (on 4 Jan 1790 the provincial
                              Estates of Flanders, and on 1 Mar 1790 the provincial Estates of
                              West-Flanders, proclaim independence from the Austrian Habsburgs).
 14 Nov 1792 - 19 Mar 1793  Occupied briefly by France.
  2 Jul 1794                Occupied by France.
  1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (départements of Escaut and Lys, see under
                             French Départements in Belgium).
 1815                       Divided into provinces of East Flanders and West Flanders of the
                              Netherlands (from 1830, Belgium).

Presidents of the Council of Flanders
 1648 - 1650                Filips Willem van Steenhuys          (b. 1593 - d. 1668)
1650 - 1666                Jean-Baptiste della Faille d'Assende (b. 1599 - d. 1666)
1666 - 1668                .... (vice-president)
1668 - 1678                Louis Errembault                     (b. 1625 - d. 1694)
1679 - 1706                Antoon van der Piet                  (d. 1706)
 1706 - 1721                Antoon Sersanders de Luna            (b. 1669 - d. 1721)
 1722 - 1739                Frans Aloisius van der Meersch       (b. 1642 - d. 1739)
 1739 - 1740                Frans Karel van Warendonck           (d. 1740)
 1741 - 1772                Karel Filips burggraaf van Pattijn   (b. 1687 – d. 1773)
 1772 - 1781                Lodewijk, baron van Keerle           (b. 1705 - d. 1781)
 1782 - 1794                Jan Frans Diericx                    (b. 1722 – d. 1798)

Intendant of circle of Ghent (Gand)
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Louis-Joseph Maroucx d'Opbracle      (b. 1748 - d. 1799)
Intendant of circle of Bruges
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Jean-Charles de Mahieu

Hainaut

[County of Hainaut 17th Cent. flag (Belgium)]
17th Century Flag
Capital: Mons
Population: 286,000 (1785)

1071                       County of Hainaut (Comitatus Hannoniae [Hanoniensis]), formerly a
                             part of the Duchy of Lower Lotharingia.
1432                       Inherited by the Valois dukes of Burgundy.
27 Mar 1482                Inherited by the Habsburg dynasty.
16 Jan 1556                Part of the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian) Netherlands, as province of
                             County of Hainaut (Condado de Hainaut/Comté de Hainaut/Grafschaft
                             Hennegau/Graafschap Henegouwen).
 8 Nov 1576 -  6 Jan 1579  Hainaut briefly joins the Dutch Revolt.
 6 Jan 1579                Joins the Union of Arras.
May 1668                   Southwest Hainaut annexed by France (see Flandre et Hainaut under
                             France Provinces to 1790).
1691 - 1697                Occupied by France.
23 Oct 1709 - 1716         Allied (Dutch) occupation, in 1716 transferred to the Austrian
                             Habsburgs.
1746 - 1748                Occupied by France.
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Superseded by the circle of Mons (Cercle de Mons).
11 Jan 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Province of the United Belgian States (on 21 Dec 1789 the provincial
                             Estates proclaim independence from the Austrian Habsburgs).
 7 Nov 1792 -  2 Apr 1793  Occupied briefly by France.
 1 Jul 1794                Occupied by France.
 1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (département de Jemmapes: see under French
                             Départements in Belgium).
1815                       Province of Hainaut of the Netherlands (from 1830, Belgium).

Grand Bailiffs (Grand-bailli) of Hainaut (governors)(interim from 1681)
1632 - 1663                Charles-Albert de Longueval, comte   (b. 1607 – d. 1663)
                             de Buquoy
1663 - 1674                Philippe-François, duc d'Arenberg    (b. 1625 – d. 1674)
1674 - 1681                Charles-Eugene, duc d'Arenberg       (b. 1633 – d. 1681)
1681                       Wolfgang-Guillaume de Bournonville,  (d. 1682)
                             vicomte et baron de Barlin, dit
                             le duc de Bournonville
1681 - 1682                Jacques de Fariaux, vicomte de       (b. 1627 – d. 1695)
                             Maulde
1682 - 1688                Eugene-Louis de Berghes, prince de   (b. 1624 – d. 1688)
                             Rache
1689 - 1690                Philippe-François de Melun, marquis  (b. 1627 – d. 1690)
                             de Richebourg
1690 - 1691                Philippe-François de Glymes, prince  (b. 1646 – d. 1704)
                             de Berghes
Governors of Hainaut (appointed by France)
1691 - 1693                Nicolas de la Brousse, comte de      (b. 1645 – d. 1693)
                              Vertillac
1693 - 1697                ....
Grand Bailiffs (Grand-bailli) of Hainaut (governors)
1697 - 1698                Claude de Jauche, comte de Mastaing  (b. 1642 – d. 1700)
                             (interim)
1698 - 1709                Ferdinand-Gaston, prince de Croÿ     (b. 1641 – d. 1720)
1709 - 1754                Leopold-Philippe-Charles, duc        (b. 1690 – d. 1754)
                             d'Arenberg
1740 - 1778                Charles-Marie-Raymond duc d'Arenberg (b. 1721 – d. 1778)
                             (acting for absent d'Arenberg to 1754)
1779 - 1787                Louis-Engelbert, duc d'Arenberg      (b. 1750 – d. 1820)
1788 - 1790                Nicolas-Antoine, comte d'Arberg      (b. 1736 – d. 1813)
                             de Valengin
1791 - 1794                Charles-Joseph, prince de Ligne      (b. 1735 – d. 1814)

First Councilors of the Court of Hainaut
1647 - 1654                ....
1654 - 1660                Jean Hannoye de Marchipont           (d. 1605 – d. 1660)
1660 - 1664                Jean le Waitte                       (d. 1671)
1664 - 1683                Jerome François                      (d. 1683)
1684 - 1685                Jean de Maleingreau                  (b. 1620 – d. 1685)
1685 – 1689                Philippe-Charles Robert              (b. 1622 – d. 1689)
1689 – 1695                Pierre Petit                         (b. 1648 – d. 1716)
1695 - 1702                Jean-Charles Hanot                   (b. 1658 - d. 1715)
Presidents of the Council of Hainaut
1702 - 1719                Michel-Constant, baron de Ruysschen  (b. 1655 - d. 1732)
1719 - 1745                Philippe-Adrien de Marbais           (b. 1678 - d. 1745)
1745 - 1749                Jerome-Alexis Robert de Choisy       (b. 1666 - d. 1758)
                             (first councilor)
1749 - 1764                Jean-François du Chasteler, marquis  (b. 1691 - d. 1764)
                             de Courcelles
1764 - 1765                Jean-Pierre van Volden               (b. 1714 - d. 1765)
1765 - 1785                Martin-Joseph de Müllendorf          (b. 1717 – d. 1785)
1785 - 1788                Jean-Antoine Pepin                   (b. 1722 – d. 1793)
1788 - 1794                François-Joseph-Ghislain Franeau     (b. 1739 – d. 1803)
                             d'Hyon de Gomegnies, comte de
                             Gomignies

Intendant of the Circle of Mons
Mar 1787 - May 1787        François-Joseph-Ghislain Franeau     (s.a.)
                             d'Hyon de Gomegnies, comte de
                             Gomignies

Limburg

[Duchy of Limburg 17th Cent. flag (Belgium)]
17th Century Flag
Map of Limburg
(1648-1792)
Capital: Limburg
 (Limbourg)
 Population: 48,000 (1785)

13 May 1106                Duchy of Limburg (Limburgensis Ducatus).
1288                       The Dukes of Brabant become Dukes of Limburg.
 1 Dec 1406                The Dukes of Burgundy become Dukes of Limburg.
27 Mar 1482                The Austrian Habsburg rulers become Dukes of Limburg
                             (Herzogtum von Limburg).
16 Jan 1556                The Spanish Habsburg rulers become Dukes of Limburg (Ducado de
                             Limburgo/Duché de Limbourg/Herzogtum Limburg/Hertogdom Limburg), a
                             province of Duchy of Limburg with the Lands over the Maas (the Lands
                             over the Maas are three lordships added to Limburg proper:
                             Valkenburg in 1364, Dalhem in 1244, and 's-Hertogenrade in 1288 [to
                             Jülich 1544-1609]), within the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian)
                             Netherlands (see Belgium).
 7 Sep 1632 -  1 Nov 1635  Dutch occupation.
30 Jun 1673 - 17 Sep 1678  French occupation.
12 Sep 1703                Occupied by the Dutch, on 19 Nov 1703 transferred to the Austrian
                             rule.
10 Dec 1703                Austrian Habsburg rulers become Dukes of Limburg, recognized by the
                             provincial Estates.
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Superseded by the Circle of Limburg (Cercle de Limbourg).
 8 Mar 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Province of the United Belgian States (on 8 Mar 1790 the
                             provincial Estates proclaim independence from the Austrian
                             Habsburgs).
15 Dec 1792 - 28 Apr 1793  Occupied by annexed to France.
28 Apr 1793 - Jul 1794     Austrian Habsburg rule restored.
Jul 1794                   Occupied by France.
 1 Oct 1795 - 15 Feb 1814  Annexed to France (part of département Ourthe, see under French
                             Départements in Belgium).
15 Feb 1814                Part of the "Belgian" Netherlands (province of Liège).
 4 Oct 1830                Part of Belgium (part of province of Liège)

Governors and Stadholders of Limburg and the Lands over the Maas (Landen van Overmaas)
 5 Jan 1640 - 1648         Jean (VI), comte de Wiltz           (b. 1607 - d. 1648)
25 Feb 1649 - 1664         Lancelot Schetz, comte de           (b. 1604 - d. 1664)
                             Grobbendonck
27 Mar 1665 - 1684         Johan Frans Desideratus, prins      (b. 1627 - d. 1699)
                             van Nassau-Siegen
28 Jan 1685 -  8 Feb 1702  Henri Louis Lamoral Prince de Ligne (b. 1644 - d. 1702)
 8 Oct 1702 - Sep 1703     Franz Sigismund von Thurn und Taxis (b. 1655 - d. 1710)
                             Graf von Valsassina
22 Oct 1703 - 1705         Philipp Ludwig Wenzel Graf          (b. 1671 - d. 1742)
                             Sinzendorff und Thannhausen
                             (1st time)       
19 Oct 1705 - 1707         Johann Peter Graf von Goëss         (b. 1667 - d. 1716)
 6 Nov 1707 - Jul 1709     Francisco Bernardo de Quiros        (b. 1650 - d. 1709)
23 Jul 1709 - 25 Feb 1710  Johann Wenzel Graf von Gallas       (b. 1670 - d. 1719)
25 Feb 1710 - 27 Oct 1713  Franz Adolf Freiherr von Zinzerling (d. 1718)
                             (Sinszrling)(substitute)
27 Oct 1713 - 14 Dec 1713  Philipp Ludwig Wenzel Graf          (s.a.)
                             Sinzendorff und Thannhausen
                             (2nd time)
14 Dec 1713 - 1714         Georg Freiherr Tunderfeld           (b. 1678 - d. 1748)
17 Mar 1714 - 1723         Franz Thurn und Taxis, Graf von     (b. 1662 - d. 1726)
                             Valsassina 
1723 - 1725                Vacant
1725 - 10 May 1727         Alexander Otto Graf von Vehlen      (b. 1657 - d. 1727)
20 May 1728 - 17 Sep 1754  Wolfgang Willem van Bournonville,   (b. 1670 - d. 1754) 
                             markgraaf Van Sars, baron Van
                             Capres, heer Van Fleignies
Drossard (Chief Justice)("with political and civil authority")
1754 - 1794                Philippe Joseph Dieudonné,          (b. 1711 - d. 1797)
                             graaf van Woestenraedt
President of the Council of Limburg and Lands over the Maas
1789 - 1793                Albert-Eugene LeGros                (b. 1723 – d. ....)

Intendant of Circle of Limburg
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Hubert Joseph, baron de Ransonnet   (b. 1748 – d. 1816)
Luxembourg: see under Luxembourg

Mechelen (Malines)

[Lordship of Mechelen (Malines) 17th Cent. flag (Belgium)]
17th Century Flag
Capital: Mechelen (Malines)
Population: 37,000 (1785)

910                        Part of the Prince-bishopric of Liège.
1357                       Ceded to counts of Flanders, as Lordship (Seigneury) of Mechelen
                             (Mechlinia Dominium [dominium Mechliniense]/Seigneurie de Malines/
                             Heerlijkheid Mechelen).
1504                       Great Council of Mechelen (Malines) established, with direct
                             administrative authority in the lordship and judicial auhority over
                             most of provincial councils of the Netherlands.
16 Jan 1556                Part of the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian) Netherlands, as province
                             of Lordship of Mechelen (Malines)(Señorío de Malinas/Seigneurie de
                             Malines/Herrschaft Mechelen/Heerlijkheid Mechelen), with is own
                             Estates.
 9 Apr 1580 - 19 Jul 1585  Mechelen in rebellion against the Spanish (joins the Union of
                             Utrecht).
26 May 1706 - Jan 1716     Allied (Dutch-British) occupation, in Jan 1716 transfered to the
                             Austrian Habsburgs.
1746 - 1748                Occupied by France.
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Part of the Circle of Antwerp.
11 Jan 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Province of the United Belgian States (on 31 Dec 1789 the provincial
                             Estates proclaim independence from the Austrian Habsburgs).
16 Nov 1792 - 24 Mar 1793  Occupied briefly by France.
15 Jul 1794                Occupied by France.
 1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (part of département of Deux-Nethes, see under
                             French Département in Belgium).
1815                       Part of province of Antwerp of the Netherlands (from 1830, Belgium).

Presidents of the Great Council of Mechelen (Malines)
1637 - 1651                Henri de Vicq                       (b. 1573 – d. 1651)
1651 - 1661                Antoine l'Hermite                   (b. 1590 – d. 1661)
1661 - 1669                Adrien de France                    (d. 1669)
1669 - 1686                Jean-Antoine Locquet, vicomte       (b. 1625 – d. 1687)
                             d'Hombecque
1686 - 1689                André de Marmol                     (b. 1620 – d. 1689)
1690                       Guillaume-Philippe, marquis         (b. 1642 – d. 1698)
                             d'Herzelles
1690 - 1699                Willem Albert van Grysperre,        (b. 1638 – d. 1725)
                             baron van Goyck
1699 - 1707                Hyacinthe-Marie de Brouchoven,      (b. 1650 – d. 1707)
                             comte de Bergeyck
1707 - 1714                Jacques-Jean-Baptiste Stalins       (d. 1714)
1714 - 1725                Christophe-Ernest, comte de Baillet (b. 1668 – d. 1732)
                             (acting to 1716)
1726 - 1738                Pierre-Primitive van Volden         (b. 1682 – d. 1738)
1739 - 1756                Eugène-Joseph d'Olmen, baron de     (b. 1717 – d. 1781)
                             Poederlé
1756 - 1773                Guillaume-Ignace Pycke d'Ideghem    (b. 1690 – d. 1773)
1773 - 1793                Goswin-Anne-Marie de Fierlant       (b. 1735 – d. 1804)
1793 - 1794                Jacques-Antoine le Clerc            (b. 1731 – d. af.1797)

Namur

[County of Namur 17th Cent. flag (Belgium)]
17th Century Flag
Capital: Namur
Population: 94,000 (1785)

981                        County of Namur (Comitatus Namurcensis [Namurcum comitatus]), formerly
                             a part of Duchy of Lower Lotharingia.
10 Mar 1429                Inherited by the Valois dukes of Burgundy (by agreement of 23 Apr
                             1421 with the last ruler, Jean III Dampierre).
27 Mar 1482                Inherited by the Habsburg dynasty.
16 Jan 1556                Part of the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian) Netherlands, as province
                             of County of Namur (Condado de Namur/Comté de Namur/Grafschaft
                             Namen/Graafschap Namen).
1692 - 1695                Occupied by France.
26 May 1711 -  8 May 1713  County of Namur ceded by Spain to Maximilien Emmanuel, former
                             elector and duke of Bavaria (see Belgium), he continues to rule
                             in his name to 2 Jan 1715 until his restoration to Bavaria.
1746 - 1748                Occupied by France.
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Superseded by the Circle of Namur (Cercle de Namur).
11 Jan 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Province of the United Belgian States (on 23 Dec 1789 the provincial
                             Estates proclaim independence from the Austrian Habsburgs).
 2 Dec 1792 -  2 Mar 1793  Occupied briefly by France.
17 Jul 1794                Occupied by France.
 1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (département of Sambre-et-Meuse, see under
                             French Départements in Belgium).
1815                       Province of Namur of the Netherlands (from 1830, Belgium).
Governors of Namur
1645 - 1648                Claude de Rye, baron de Balançon    (b. 1576 – d. 1648)
1649                       Ambroise de Hornes, comte de        (b. 1609 – d. 1656)
                             Beaucignies
1649 - 1654                Philippe d'Arenberg, prince de      (b. 1619 – d. 1675)
                             Chimay 
1654 - 1658                Jacques-Nicolas de la Baume, comte  (b. 1603 – d. 1658)
                             de Saint-Amour
1659 - 1674                Albert-François, prince de Croÿ     (b. 1615 – d. 1674)
1675 - 1692                Octave-Ignace de Ligne, prince de   (b. 1640 – d. 1692)
                             Barbançon
1692 - 1695                Louis, comte de Guiscard            (b. 1651 – d. 1720)
                             (appointed by France)
1696 - 1709                Philippe-Charles Spinola d'Embry,   (b. 1650 - d. 1709)
                             comte de Bruay
1709 - 1713                Louis du Cellier de Wallincourt     (b. 1675 – d. 1725)
                             (acting)
1713 - 1715                Ferdinand-Alexandre, marquis de     (b. 1662 – d. 1730)
                             Maffey
1715 - 1730                Adrien-Gerard, comte de Lannoy-     (b. 1648 - d. 1730)
                             Clervaux (provisional to 1717)
1730 - 1738                Conrad-Albert, duc d'Ursel et       (b. 1665 - d. 1738)
                             d'Hoboken (provisional to 1732)
1739 - 1770                Charles-Emanuel, prince de Gavre    (b. 1695 - d. 1773)
1770 - 1794                François-Joseph, prince de Gavre    (b. 1731 – d. 1797)

Presidents of the Council of Namur
1634 - 1650                Jean-Baptiste Polchet               (d. 1650)
1650 - 1673                Pierre de Cortil                    (b. 1599 - d. 1673)
1673 - 1678                François Floriet                    (b. 1617 - d. 1678)
1679 - 1683                Jean Drosmel                        (b. 1617 – d. 1683)
1683 - 1686                Nicolas Cuvelier                    (d. 1686)
1686 - 1692                Jean-Robert de Henrard              (d. 1692)
1692 - 1704                Nicolas-Philippe de Wespin          (d. 1704)
1704 - 1717                Nicolas de Cuvelier                 (d. 1717)
1717 - 1746                François-Joseph de Lambillon        (d. 1746)
1747 - 1749                Thomas de Maloteau (1st time)       (d. 1764)
1749 - 1756                Jacques-Juste de Bervoet            (b. 1678 - d. 1757)
1756 - 1764                Thomas de Maloteau (2nd time)       (s.a.)
1764 - 1787                Jacques-Joseph de Stassart          (b. 1711 - d. 1801)
1787 - 1794                Jacques-Joseph-Augustin, baron de   (b. 1737 - d. 1807)
                             Stassart
1790                       Jean Petitjean
                             (acting for absent baron de Stassart)

Intendant of the Circle of Namur
Mar 1787 – May 1787        Pierre Benoït, vicomte Desandrouin  (b. 1743 – d. 1811)

Tournai and Tournaisis

Capital: Tournai
Population: 81,000 (1785)

862                        Part of Flanders.
 1187                       Seigneury of Tournaisis (Tornacensis Dominium), part of the French
                              Royal domain.
 23 Nov 1521                Acquired by the Habsburg dynasty (Tornacensis Dominium et Civitatem
                             Dominiumq/Herrschaft Dornick/Heerlijkheid Doornik en het Doornikse).
 16 Jan 1556                Part of the Spanish (from 1713, Austrian) Netherlands, as bailiwick
                             of Tournaisis, with own Estates, but subject to the Council of
                              Flanders until 1773.
 23 Jun 1667 - 1668         Occupied by France (Tournay).
 Apr 1668 - 1713            Ceded to France, subject to the French Generality of Flanders.
  3 Sep 1709 - 1716         Allied (Dutch-British) occupation, in 1716 transferred to the Austrian
                              Habsburgs.
 23 May 1745 - 1748         Occupied by France.
  7 Jan 1773                Definitely separated from Flanders, as province of Lordship of
                             Tournai and the Tournaisis (Seigneurie de Tournai et Tournaisis). 
Mar 1787 - May 1787        Superseded by the Circle of Tournai (Cercle de Tournai).
 11 Jan 1790 -  2 Dec 1790  Province of the United Belgian States (on 26 Dec 1789 the provincial
                              Estates proclaim independence from the Austrian Habsburgs).
  8 Nov 1792 - 31 Mar 1793  Occupied briefly by France.
 22 May 1794                Occupied by France.
  1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (part of département of Jemmapes, see under
                             French Département in Belgium).
 1815                       Part of province of Hainaut of the Netherlands (from 1830, Belgium).
Presidents of the Council and Grand Bailiffs (Grand-Bailli)
 1773 - 1776                Louis-François van der Gracht       (b. 1698 – d. 1776)
 1776 - 1778                Philippe-Goswin, comte de Neny      (b. 1740 – d. 1812)
 1778 - 1785                Martin-Joseph de Müllendorf         (b. 1717 – d. 1785)
 1785 - 1793                Jean-Antoine Pepin                  (b. 1722 – d. 1793)
 1794                       Martial-Joseph de le Vielleuze      (b. 1739 – d. 1821)
                              de l'Hove
Intendant of the Circle of Tournai
 Mar 1787 - May 1787        Maximilien Jean Albert Joseph,      (b. 1738 – d. 1798)
                              baron de Beelen-Bertholf
Upper Guelders: see Upper Guelders under Netherlands Provinces




© Ben Cahoon