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Provinces of Prussia

Provinces: Brandenburg - Berlin - Grenzkmark Posen-Westpreussen - Hannover - Hessen-Nassau - Kurhessen - Nassau - Ostpreussen (East Prussia) - Pommern - Posen - Rhein (Rheinland) - Sachsen (Saxony) - Halle-Merseburg - Schlesien (Silesia) - Niederschlesien (Lower Silesia) - Oberschlesien (Upper Silesia) - Schleswig-Holstein - Westfalen (Westpahlia) - Westpreussen (West Prussia) - Former provinces: Geldern (Gelders) - Jülich-Kleve-Berg - Magdeburg - Mark - Minden-Ravensberg - Neuostpreussen (New East Prussia) - Niederrhein (Lower Rhein) - Südpreussen (South Prussia) - Former Divisions: Allenstein - Flaschenhals (Bottleneck) - Marienwerder - Rhein Province exclave in Baden-Württemberg - Sigmaringen -
          
Note: Recorded here are the provinces of the kingdom, later state, of Prussia, originally (from the 1651) union of Brandenburg-Prussia. The basis of the list is period from 1807 to 1918. Provinces that only existed before or after this period are listed right after the respective basic provinces. In the pre-1815 period the provincial administration was reorganized in 1651, 1723 and 1808 as follows:
(a) 1651-1723: provinces were administered by Stadholders, an increasingly honorific and vacant vice-regal position, and Presidents of Government (Regierungspräsidenten), chief administrative officers often with title of Chancellor whose duties included supervision of financial chamber (in case of Duchy of Prussia Landhofmeister took precedence before chancellor);
(b) 1723-1808: provincial administration consisted of Directing Ministers in Berlin (except ministers for Silesia and Ansbach-Bayreuth having seats locally), being members of the central financial and internal affairs administration (Generaldirektorium), and Presidents of War and Domain Chamber (Kammerpräsidenten, in full Präsidenten der Kriegs- und Domänenkammer) at the local level (Presidents of Government during this period dealt only with justice, and Governor was just semi-honorific military position, both titles being misleading); as Generaldirektorium ceased activity in 1806, the duties of Directing Ministers in 1807 were transferred to Civil Commissioners-general (Generalzivilkommissäre);
(c) 1808-1815: provincial administration underwent several changes with dissolution of chambers and restoration of administrative duties to Presidents of Government (Regierungspräsidenten) in 1808, and a sequence of local military or civil commissioners of central government with titles of Governor-General (1806-1813), Supreme President (Oberpräsident) (1808-1810), Military Governor and Civil Governor (1813-1814). 
  From 1876 (in some provinces only from 1884/1889), the provincial self-administration was headed by a locally elected (last provincial elections were held in 1933) Landeshauptmann (originally Landesdirektor) under supervision of the centrally appointed Oberpräsident (in Greater Berlin respectively Lord Mayor and City President). All provinces are listed until the end of Prussian central government in Apr 1945 (for Prussian provinces 1945-1947 see under States of Germany since 1918). All provincial flags were banned 15 Sep 1935.  The Allied Control Commission formally declared Prussia dissolved on 25 Feb 1947.

Party abbreviations (from 1 Dec 1933, all political parties except NSDAP were banned): Con = Konservative (Conservative, 1848-1918 as Conservative Party [Konservative Partei], Prussian conservative); DDP = Deutsche Demokratische Partei (German Democratic Party, liberal democratic, center-left, 16 Nov 1918-28 Jun 1933); DF = Deutsche Fortschrittspartei (German Progressive Party, 6 Jun 1861-16 Mar 1884, merged into DFP); DFP = Deutsche-freisinnige Partei (German Free Party, liberal-left, 16 Mar 1884-1893); DHP = Deutsch-Hannoversche Partei (German-Hanoverian Party, conservative, federalist, Hanover regionalist, 1869-1933); DKP = Deutschkonservativen Partei (German Conservative Party, conservative, anti-Catholic, split from Con, 7 Jun 1876-Nov 1918); DNVP = Deutschnationale Volkspartei (German National Party, conservative, nationalist, monarchist, split from DKP, 24 Nov 1918-27 Jun 1933, merged into NSDAP); DRP = Deutsche Demokratische Partei (German Reich Party, conservative, pro-government, 1871-Nov 1918); DVP = Deutsche Volkspartei (German People's Party, national liberal, moderate nationalist, constitutional monarchist, 15 Dec 1918-4 Jul 1933, merged into NSDAP); FKP = Freikonservative Partei (Free Conservative Party, Prussian conservative, protestant, split from Con, 1867-Nov/Dec 1918, merged into DNVP and DVP); LDPD = Liberal-demokratische Partei Deutschlands (Liberal Democratic Party of Germany, liberal, 5 Jul 1945-11 Aug 1990, from 9 Feb 1990 as Liberaldemokratische Partei, merged 12 Feb 1990 into BFD which on 11 Aug 1990 merged into FDP); Lib = Liberal (Liberal, 1867-79 as Deutschliberale Partei [German Liberal Party]); NLP = Nationalliberale Partei (National Liberal Party, liberal, 1866-Nov 1918); NSDAP = Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Worker's Party, German nationalist, national socialist, Nazi fascist, xenophobic, 14 Jul 1933-31 May 1945 only legal party, 24 Nov 1920-10 Oct 1945); PPR = Polska Partia Robotnicza (Polish Workers' Party, communist, 5 Jan 1942-21 Dec 1948, merged into Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza [Polish United Workers' Party]); SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party of Germany, social-democratic, Marxist to 1925, 27 May 1875-22 Jun 1933, re-est.Oct 1945); Z = Deutsche Zentrumspartei "Zentrum" (German Center Party "Center", catholic, centrist, christian democratic, 13 Dec 1870-5 Jul 1933)
 
Noble titles: Edler/Edle = Noble; Freiherr/Freifrau = Baron/Baroness; Fürst/Fürstin = Prince/Princess; Graf/Gräfin = Count/Countess; Herzog/Herzogin = Duke/Duchess; Markgraf/Markgräfin = Margrave/Margravine; Prinz/Prinzessin = Prince/Princess; Ritter = Knight.


Brandenburg
[Brandenburg
                          province 1882-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

1535 – 1571                Neumark a separate Margraviate of Brandenburg-Küstrin (after 1571
                             Neumark kept its own administration in Küstrin).
1723 - 1808                Brandenburg (Electorate and Margraviate of Brandenburg) divided into
                             two chamber districts (Kurmark, Neumark), replaced in 1808 by two
                             regierungsbezirke.
16 Oct 1757 – 17 Oct 1757  Berlin briefly occupied by the Austrians under
Andreas Hadik
                             von Futak
(
András Hadik de Futak)(b. 1711 – d. 1790).
 9 Oct 1760 – 12 Oct 1760  Berlin briefly occupied by the Russians under Gottlob Curt
Heinrich
                            
Graf von Tottleben (b. 1715 – d. 1773).
27 Oct 1806 - 17 Sep 1807 
Berlin occupied by the French (also in Küstrin from 1 Nov 1806),
                             withdrew by Dec 1808 (except from Küstrin).

 4 Mar 1813                Russian troops liberate Berlin from the French (Prussia had changed
                             alliance with France to alliance with Russia by the treaty of
                             28 Feb 1813).
Mar 1813 –  7 Mar 1814     French in Küstrin under siege by Prussian and Russian forces.
30 Apr 1815                Province of Brandenburg formally organized.
 1 Oct 1920                Berlin separated from Brandenburg as Greater Berlin.
21 Mar 1939                Renamed Province of March Brandenburg (Provinz Mark Brandenburg).
27 Apr 1945                Soviet troops occupy Potsdam.
 6 Feb 1947                Becomes a state (see under German states).

Stadholders for Marks (Kurmark and Neumark)
1655 - 1657                Johann Graf von Sayn-Wittgenstein  (b. 1601 - d. 1657)
1658 - 1693                Johann Georg Fürst von Anhalt- 
   (b. 1627 - d. 1693)
                             Dessau
1693 - 1703                Vacant
1703 - 1713                Friedrich Wilhelm, Markgraf von    (b. 1688 - d. 1740)
                             Brandenburg
1713 - 1723                Vacant

State Minister responsible for Kurmark
1713 - 28 Aug 1714         Christian Friedrich Freiherr von   (b. 1668 - d. 1714)
                             Bartholdi
State Ministers responsible for Mittelmark, Uckermark and Altenmark
1713 - 28 Aug 1714         Christian Friedrich Freiherr von   (s.a.)
                             Bartholdi

 2 Oct 1714 - Jan 1723     Ehrenreich Bogislaw von Creutz     (b. 1670 - d. 1733)
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate Kurmark
(and to Apr 1769, Head of the 2nd Department)
(Geheime Stats- und dirigirender Minister
beim Generaldirektorium, chef des II.department
)(in Berlin; from 1806, in Königsberg)
Jan 1723 -  2 Sep 1723     Johann Andreas von Kraut           (b. 1661 - d. 1723)
 7 Sep 1723 - 21 Jun 1731  Ehrenreich Bogislaw von Creutz     (s.a.)
21 Jun 1731 - 22 Mar 1747  Franz Wilhelm von Happe            (b. 1684 - d. 1760)
Mar 1747 - 11 Dec 1762     August Friedrich von Boden         (b. 1682 - d. 1762)
1762 - 1763                Friedrich Wilhelm von Borcke       (b. 1693 - d. 1769)
                             (interim)
29 Apr 1763 -  1 Apr 1769  Valentin von Massow                (b. 1712 - d. 1775)
 1 Apr 1769 - 24 Oct 1779  Friedrich Wilhelm von Derschau     (b. 1723 - d. 1779)
 9 Dec 1779 -  3 Jul 1781  Friedrich Gottlieb Michaelis       (b. 1726 - d. 1781)
31 Dec 1781 - Dec 1786     Hans Ernst Dietrich von Werder     (b. 1740 - d. 1800)
                             (1st time)
Dec 1786 - Apr 1789        Carl Maximilian Ferdinand von      (b. 1738 - d. 1792)
                             Mauschwitz                
Apr 1789 - Nov 1795        Otto Karl Friedrich von Voss       (b. 1755 - d. 1823)
                             (1st time)
Nov 1795 - Jun 1800        Hans Ernst Dietrich von Werder     (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Jul 1800 - Jul 1807        Otto Karl Friedrich von Voss       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate Kurmark
(and to Apr 1769, Head of the 4th Department)
(Geheime Stats- und dirigirender Minister
beim Generaldirektorium, chef des IV.department)(in charge of Halberstadt, Minden,
Ravensberg, Tecklenburg, Lingen to 1766)(in Berlin; from 1806, in Königsberg)
19 Jan 1723 -  7 Sep 1723  Ehrenreich Bogislauw von Creutz    (s.a.)
 7 Sep 1723 - 11 Jul 1727  Johann Heinrich von Fuchs          (b. 1664 - d. 1727)
Jul 1727 - 22 Mar 1747     Adam Otto von Viereck              (s.a)
Mar 1747 -  1 Jul 1760     Franz Wilhelm von Happe            (s.a.)
 1 Jul 1760 - 13 Jun 1764  Friedrich Wilhelm von Borcke       (s.a)
                             (interim)
13 Jun 1764 - 12? Jun 1766 Ludwig Philipp von Hagen (interim) (s.a.)
12 Jun 1766 -  4 Dec 1774  Julius August Friedrich von der    (s.a.)
                             Horst
 4 Dec 1774 - 1782         Friedrich Christoph von Goerne     (b. 1734 - d. 1817)
19 Oct 1782 -  3 Feb 1783  August Wilhelm von Bismarck        (b. 1750 - d. 1783)
1783 - 15 May 1802         Friedrich Anton von Heynitz        (b. 1725 - d. 1802)
May ?1802 -  9 Jul 1807    Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden        (b. 1752 - d. 1815)
French Governors-general of Prussia, Governors of Department of Berlin

(Gouverneur general de la Prusse)
 3 Nov 1806 -  9 Aug 1807  Henri Jacques Guillaume Clarke de  (b. 1765 - d. 1818)
                             Feltre
 9 Aug 1807 - 20 Aug 1808  Claude Victor Perrin dit Victor    (b. 1764 - d. 1841)
Aug 1808 - 27 Oct 1808     Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult         (b. 1769 - d. 1851)
Oct 1808 -  2 Dec 1808     Louis Nicolas Davout               (b. 1770 - d. 1823)
Administrators-general of the Finances and Domains of the Conquered
Countries beyond the Elbe
(administrateur-général des finances et domaines
des pays conquis au-delà de l'Elbe)(in Berlin)
Dec 1806 - Nov 1807        Martin Roch Xavier Estève          (b. 1772 - d. 1853)
Nov 1807 - Dec 1808        Louis Pierre Édouard Bignon        (b. 1771 - d. 1841)
General-Zivilkommissäre
of Kurmark

31 Jul 1807 - Feb 1808     Otto Karl Friedrich von Voss       (s.a.)
Feb 1808 - Dec 1808        Carl Leopold von Gerlach           (b. 1757 - d. 1813)
Governors-general of Kurmark
 1 Aug 1807 - Dec 1808     Johann Adolf von Lützow            (b. 1748 - d. 1819) 
Dec 1808 - May 1809        Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq         (b. 1738 - d. 1815)
                             (1st time)
May 1808 - 22 Jul 1809     Ludwig August Wilhelm von          (b. 1751 - d. 1826)
                             Stutterheim (interim)
22 Jul 1809 - Dec 1809     Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Dec 1809 - 1812            Friedrich Adolf von Kalckreuth     (b. 1737 - d. 1818)
Mar 1812 - 1813            Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel Graf    (b. 1760 - d. 1824)
                             Tauentzien von Wittenberg
Oberpräsident Kurmark, Neumark und Pommern (civil commissioner of central government)
 6 Dec 1808 - Nov 1810     Johann August Sack                 (b. 1764 - d. 1831)
French Governors of Berlin (in Berlin)
Aug 1807 - 
3 Dec 1808     Louis Charles Le Blond de Saint-   (b. 1766 - d. 1809)
                             Hilaire
1812 - Mar 1813            Charles Pierre François Augereau,  (b. 1752 - d. 1816)
                             duc de Castiglione              
Military Governor for Landes zwischen Oder und Elbe
20 Mar 1813 - Jun 1814     Anton Wilhelm von L'Estocq         (s.a.)
Civil Governors for Landes zwischen Oder und Elbe
20 Mar 1813 - Feb 1814     Johann August Sack                 (s.a.)
Feb 1814 - Jun 1814        Friedrich Wilhelm von Bülow        (b. 1762 - d. 1827)

State Minister responsible for Neumark and Hither Pomerania (in Berlin)
1713 - 1714                Christoph Burggraf zu Dohna        (b. 1665 - d. 1733)
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate Neumark and Hither Pomerania
(and
Prussia and Lithuania, Head of 1st Department to 1 Apr 1769)
(in Berlin; from 1806, in Königsberg)
Jan 1723 - 18 Mar 1739     Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow     (b. 1678 - d. 1739)
Apr 1739 - 24 Jun 1746     Hans Friedrich von Goerne          (b. 1670 - d. 1746)
22 Jul 1746 - 11 Dec 1762  Adam Ludwig von Blumenthal         (b. 1691 - d. 1762)
1762 - 1763                the directing ministers of Kurmark
                             (interim)
 3 Sep 1763 - Mar 1798     Joachim Christian von Blumenthal   (b. 1720 - d. 1800)  
Apr 1798 - Jul 1807        Otto Friedrich Karl von Voss       (s.a.)
French Governors of Küstrin Department
(subject to governor-general in Berlin)
14 Nov 1806 - Dec 1806     Jean Joseph Gauthier               (b. 1756 - d. 1815)
Dec 1806 - Feb 1807        Jean-François Xavier de Ménard     (b. 1756 - d. 1831)
15 Feb 1807 - May 1807     Etienne d'Hastrel de Rivedoux      (b. 1766 - d. 1846)
May 1807 - Aug 1807        Louis Annibal de Saint-Michel      (b. 1747 - d. 1810)
                             d'Agoult 
Aug 1807 - 31 Dec 1808     Pierre Barrois                     (b. 1774 - d. 1860)
General-Zivilkommissar of Neumark
1807 - 1808                the general-zivilkommissar of Pomerania
Governors-general
1807 - 1814                the governors-general/military governors
                           and civil governors of Pomerania
Oberpräsident of Neumark (civil commissioner of central government)
1808 - 1810                the Oberpräsident of Kurmark
French Governors of Küstrin
10 Aug 1810 -  5 Apr 1811 
Gaspard Hilarion Fornier d'Albe    (b. 1769 - d. 1834)
                             (1st time)
Apr 1811 - Sep 1811        François Antoine Teste             (b. 1775 - d. 1862)
13 Sep 1811 - 20 Mar 1814  Gaspard Hilarion Fornier d'Albe    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)


Oberpräsidenten

1814 - 1815                the Regierungspräsidenten
                           of Kurmark and Neumark (acting)
30 Apr 1815 - 1824         Georg Friedrich Christian von      (b. 1765 - d. 1828)
                             Heydebeck
                            (organisationskommissar to 25 May 1815)
1824 - 1842                Magnus Friedrich Graf von          (b. 1773 - d. 1858)
                             Bassewitz 
1842 - 1848                August Friedrich Wilhelm Werner    (b. 1792 - d. 1871)
                             von Meding 
1848 - 1849                Erasmus Robert Freiherr von Patow  (b. 1804 - d. 1890)
1849 - Aug 1850            August Hermann Klemens Freiherr    (b. 1803 - d. 1872)
                             von Wolff, gen. Metternich (acting)
Aug 1850 - 1862            Eduard Heinrich von Flottwell      (b. 1786 - d. 1865)
1862 - 1862                Werner Ludolph Erdmann von Selchow (b. 1806 - d. 1884)
1862 -  1 Feb 1879         Gustav Wilhelm von Jagow           (b. 1813 - d. 1879)  DKP
1879 -  9 Jul 1899         Heinrich Karl Julius von Achenbach (b. 1829 - d. 1899)  FKP
1899 - 1905                Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg      (b. 1856 - d. 1921)
1905 - 1909                August Clemens Bodo Paul Wilhelm   (b. 1855 - d. 1938)
                             von Trott zu Solz             
1909 - 1910                Friedrich Wilhelm von Loebell      (b. 1855 - d. 1931)
                             (1st time)
1910 - 1914                Alfred Anton Robert von Conrad     (b. 1852 - d. 1914)
1914 - 1917                Rudolf Wilhelm Graf von der        (b. 1860 - d. 1930)
                             Schulenburg
1917 - Mar 1919            Friedrich Wilhelm von Loebell      (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Apr 1919 - 25 Mar 1933     Adolf Meier                        (b. 1871 - d. 1963)  DDP
25 Mar 1933 -  7 Aug 1936  Wilhelm Paul Richard Kube          (b. 1887 - d. 1943)  NSDAP
                             (acting to 14 Apr 1933)
 7 Aug 1936 - Apr 1945     Emil Stürtz                        (b. 1892 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
Apr 1945 -  4 Jul 1945     Vacant

Vice-chancellors of Kurmark
1651 - 1657                Thomas Freiherr von dem Knesebeck  (b. 1594 - d. 1658)
                             d.ä. (acting)
1657 - 1658                Otto Freiherr von Schwerin         (b. 1616 - d. 1679)
                             (acting chancellor)
1658 - 1686                Lucius von Rhaden (
Rahden)         (d. 1686)
1686 - 1689                Thomas Freiherr von dem Knesebeck
                             d.y.                             (b. 1628 - d. 1689)
1689 - 1723                Vacant?
Kammerpräsidenten Kurmark
(subordinated to the Ministers of the General Direktorium Kurmark)
1708 - 1723                Hans Friedrich von Goerne          (s.a.)
Jan 1723 - 28 Jan 1725     Adam Otto von Viereck              (b. 1684 - d. 1758)
Jan 1725 - Jul 1727        Simon Viktor von Hünicke           (d. 1733)
31 Jul 1727 - 1732         Franz Wilhelm von Happe            (s.a.)
Dec 1732 - 1748            Matthias Conrad von der Osten      (b. 1691 - d. 1748)
Sep 1748 - 27 May 1763     Ernst Ludwig von der Gröben        (b. 1703 - d. 1773)
27 May 1763 - Jun 1766     Julius August Friedrich von der    (b. 1723 - d. 1791)
                             Horst                       
Jun 1766 - 1782            Carl Ludwig von Siegroth           (b. 1731 - d. 1782)
1782 -  5 Dec 1786         Carl Maximilian Ferdinand von      (s.a.)
                             Mauschwitz
 5 Dec 1786 - Mar 1795     Otto Friedrich Karl von Voss       (s.a.)
Mar 1795 - Dec 1795        Friedrich Franz von Mühlheim       (b. 1756 - d. 1795)
 1 Jan 1796 - 13 Feb 1809  Carl Leopold von Gerlach           (s.a.)
French Intendants of Berlin Department
(subject to administrator-general in Berlin)
Nov 1806 - May 1808        Louis Pierre Édouard Bignon        (s.a.)
May 1808 - Dec 1808        Goswin Joseph Stassart             (b. 1780 - d. 1854)
Regierungspräsidenten der Kurmark (in Potsdam)
Feb 1809 - 30 Mar 1810     Ludwig Friedrich Wilhelm Philipp   (b. 1774 - d. 1844)
                             von Vincke
Mar 1810 - 31 Oct 1810     Johann August Sack                 (b. 1764 - d. 1831)
31 Oct 1810 - 25 May 1815  Magnus Friedrich Graf von          (b. 1773 - d. 1858)
                             Bassewitz

Chancellors of Neumark (in Küstrin)
1628 - 1656                Hans Georg von dem Borne           (b. 1589 - d. 1656)
1656 - 1663                Christian von Brandt               (d. 1663)
1663 - 1691                Christoph von Brandt               (b. 1630 - d. 1691)
1691? - 15 Jun 1711        Ludwig von Brandt                  (b. 1640 - d. 1711)
25 Aug 1711 -  8 Aug 1723  Christoph Wambolt von Umbstädt     (d. 1732)
1723 - 1726                Hermann Friedrich von Reck         (d. 1726)       
Kammerpräsidenten Neumark (in Küstrin)
1721 - 1738                Christian Ernst von Münchow        (b. 1672 - d. 1749)
13 Aug 1738 - Aug 1743     Reinhold von Werner                (b. 1679 - d. 1759)
Aug 1743 - Jul 1744        Heinrich Christoph von Katte       (b. 1699 - d. 1760)
Aug 1744 - Feb 1746        Valentin von Massow                (s.a.)
Feb 1746 - Dec 1750        Alexander Samuel Freiherr von      (b. 1705 - d. 1780)
                             Loeben
27 Dec 1750 - May 1763     Samuel Gottlieb von Rothenburg     (b. 1703 - d. 1770)
27 May 1763 -  1 Oct 1768  Georg Albrecht von Birckholtz      (b. 1710 - d. 1777)
Oct 1768 - 1773            Balthazar Leopold von Brauchitsch  (b. 1725 - d. 1773)
Jun 1773 - 27 Dec 1796     Carl Christian Heinrich Graf von   (b. 1735 - d. 1796)
                             Logau
Jan 1797 - 26 Apr 1809     Franz Friedrich Christian von      (b. 1753 - d. 1810)
                             Schierstedt
French Intendant of Küstrin Department (subject to administrator-general for Prussian Lands)
Nov 1806 - c.Feb 1808      Sabatier
Regierungspräsidenten der Neumark (in Frankfurt/Oder; to 1812, in Soldin)
Apr 1809 - 1810            Friedrich Heinrich Gustav Troschel (b. 1765 - d. 1832)
1810 - 1812                Friedrich Wilhelm August von Bülow (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
1812 - 1813                Carl Friedrich Freiherr von der    (b. 1773 - d. 1851)
                             Reck
Mar 1813 - 25 May 1815     Friedrich Ludwig August von        (b. 1770 - d. 1856)
                             Wissmann

Landesdirektor (from 1937, Landeshauptmann)
 3 Jan 1876 - 26 Feb 1896  Albert von Levetzow                (b. 1827 - d. 1903)  DKP
26 Feb 1896 -  1 Jul 1911  Otto Freiherr von Manteuffel       (b. 1844 - d. 1913)  DKP
 1 Jul 1911 -  1 Oct 1930  Joachim von Winterfeldt-Menkin     (b. 1865 - d. 1945)  DKP
 1 Oct 1930 - 10 Apr 1933  Hugo Swart                         (b. 1885 - d. 1952)
10 Apr 1933 -  1 Nov 1944  Dietloff von Arnim-Rittgarten      (b. 1876 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
 1 Nov 1944 - Apr 1945     Vacant


Berlin
 
[Berlin Civil
                          Flag 1913-1954 (Germany)]
14 Jun 1911 - 1943
[Berlin State
                          Flag 1934-1950 (Germany)]
1943 - 1 Sep 1950

 1 Oct 1920                Separated from Brandenburg; Greater Berlin (Gross-Berlin).
28 Apr 1945                Soviet troops occupy Berlin (see under German states).

City Presidents (Stadtpräsidenten)
Mar 1933 -  1 Jul 1940     Julius Lippert                     (b. 1895 - d. 1956) 
NSDAP
                             (staatskommissar to 5 Jan 1937)
 1 Jul 1940 -  1 Apr 1944  Ludwig Steeg (acting)              (b. 1894 - d. 1945) 
NSDAP
 1 Apr 1944 -  1 May 1945  Paul Joseph Goebbels               (b. 1897 - d. 1945)  NSDAP  

Lord Mayors (Oberbürgermeister)
 1 Sep 1912 - 25 Nov 1920  Adolf Wermuth                      (b. 1855 - d. 1927)  Non-party
20 Jan 1921 -  7 Nov 1929  Gustav August Johann Heinrich      (b. 1873 - d. 1946)  DDP
                             Böss 
 7 Nov 1929 - 14 Apr 1931  Otto Wilhelm Arthur Scholtz        (b. 1871 - d. 1935)  DVP
                             (acting)
14 Apr 1931 - 18 Dec 1935  Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Sahm    (b. 1877 - d. 1939) DNVP;1933 NSDAP
19 Dec 1935 -  5 Jan 1937  Oskar Maretzky (acting)            (b. 1881 - d. 1945)  Non-party
 5 Jan 1937 -  1 Jul 1940  Julius Lippert                     (s.a.)               NSDAP 
 
1 Jul 1940 -  2 May 1945  Ludwig Steeg (acting to 1 Feb 1945)(s.a.)               NSDA


East Prussia: see Ostpreussen

Gelders

21 Dec 1703                Geldern and Viersen in Duchy of Gelders occupied by Prussia.
11 Apr 1713                Southern part of Duchy of Gelders (Geldern, Straelen, Wachtendonk,
                             Kessel, Kriekenbeek, and Viersen) ceded to Prussia as Prussian
                             Gelders (Preussisch Geldern) by the Peace of Utrecht.
23 Aug 1757 - 1763         Occupied by France.
1794                       Occupied by France.
16 May 1795                Annexed to France as provisional arrondissement of Venlo.
1795 - 1814                Part of France (from 1801, as part of Roer département).
1814 - 1815                Allied occupation.
1815                       Part of Prussia, from 1 Aug 1816 part of Jülich-Kleve-Berg
                             province.

State Minister responsible for Geldern, Cleve and Ravensberg
1713 - 1714                Marquard Ludwig von Printzen         (b. 1675 - d. 1725)
Governors

 5 Jan 1704 - 1705         Joachim Friedrich von Wreech         (b. 1650 - d. 1724)
 8 Jul 1705 –  9 Aug 1712  Magnus Friedrich von Horn            (b. 1640 - d. 1712)
1713 –  8 Mar 1717         Philipp Siegmund von Hagen           (b. 1648 - d. 1717)
28 Sep 1720 – 1724         Georg von Lilien                     (b. 1652 - d. 1726)
1724 – 31 May 1738         Friedrich August von Röseler         (b. 1665 - d. 1738)
15 Jun 1738 – 28 Oct 1748  Georg Volrath von Kröcher            (b. 1678 - d. 1748)
Nov 1748 – 1757            Ernst August de la Chevallerie von   (b. 1688 - d. 1758)
                             la Motte
Mar 1757 - Aug 1757        Friedrich Wilhelm von Salmuth        (b. 1693 - d. 1763)
                             gen. Beringer
23 Aug 1757 - 12 Mar 1763? Jean-Jacques de Beaux, comte de
     (b. 1704 - d. 1783)
                             Beausobre -French commander
1757 - 1763                de Fumeron de la Barlière -French Intendant
Mar 1763 - Oct 1764        Johann Christian Meyen 
Präsidenten der Kriegs-und Domänenkammer Geldern-Mörs
1765 - 1768                Friedrich Wilhelm von Derschau       (b. 1723 - d. 1779)
1768 - 1770                Wolfgang Friedrich August von Werder (b. 1716 - d. 1773)
Kammerdirectors Geldern-Mörs (subordinated to Mark)
1770 - 18 Oct 1793         Gottlieb Ludwig von Plessmann        (d. 1793)
Oct 1793 - 1795            Hans Christoph von Goldbeck und      (b. 1735 - d. 1888)
                             Reinhart (nominally to 1806)



Hannover
[Hanover
                          province (Prussia, Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

23 Aug 1946                Becomes a state (see under German states).

Oberpräsidenten
1867 - 1873                Otto Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode  (b. 1837 - d. 1896)
1873 - 1873                Karl Heinrich von Boetticher       (b. 1833 - d. 1907)
1873 - 1878                Botho Wend August Graf von         (b. 1831 - d. 1912)
                             Eulenburg
1878 - 1888                Adolf Hilmar von Leipziger         (b. 1825 - d. 1891)
1888 - 1897                Rudolf von Bennigsen               (b. 1824 - d. 1902)
1898 - 1902                Konstantin Graf zu Stolberg-       (b. 1843 - d. 1905)
                             Wernigerode 
1902 - 1914                Richard von Wentzel                (b. 1850 - d. 1916)
1914 - 1917                Ludwig Hubert von Windheim         (b. 1857 - d. 1935)
 1 May 1917 -  1 Sep 1920  Ernst von Richter                  (b. 1862 - d. 1935)  DVP
 1 Sep 1920 - 25 Mar 1933  Gustav Noske                       (b. 1868 - d. 1946)  SPD
1933                       Friedrich Carl Ludwig von Velsen   (b. 1871 - d. 1953)  DNVP
                             (acting)
1933 - 1941                Viktor Lutze                       (b. 1890 - d. 1943)  NSDAP
1941 - Apr 1945            Hartmann Lauterbacher              (b. 1909 - d. 1988)  NSDAP

Landeshauptmänner (to 1933?, Landesdirektor)
1868 - 1888                Rudolf von Bennigsen               (b. 1824 - d. 1902)
1889 - 1894                Ernst von Hammerstein-Loxten       (b. 1827 - d. 1914)
1895 - 1899                Carl Hugo Müller                   (b. 1830 - d. 1908)
1899 - 1908                Georg Lichtenberg                  (b. 1852 - d. 1908)
1908 - 1925                Ludwig von der Wense               (b. 1863 - d. 1929)  DHP
1925 - 1931                Martin von Campe                   (b. 1866 - d. 1931)
1931 - 1933                Eberhard Hagemann                  (b. 1880 - d. 1958)
1933 - 1944                Ludwig Gessner                     (b. 1886 - d. 1987)  NSDAP
 3 Jan 1945 - 1945         Franz Schattenfroh                 (b. 1898 - d. 1974)  NSDAP



Hessen-Nassau

[Hessen-Nassau
                        Province 1892-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
3 Jun 1892 - 15 Sep 1935

 7 Dec 1868                Province of Hessen-Nassau.
10 Jan 1919 - 25 Feb 1923  Free State of Bottleneck
in part of Hesse-Nassau.
 1 Jul 1944                Divided into Kurhessen and Nassau provinces

19 Sep 1945                Merged into Gross-Hessen state (see under German states).

Civil commissioner
20 Sep 1866 -  1 Oct 1867  Eduard von Moeller                 (b. 1814 - d. 1880)
Oberpräsidenten
 1 Oct 1867 - 1871         Eduard von Moeller                 (s.a.)
1872 - 1875                Ludwig Carl Christoph von          (b. 1811 - d. 1879)
                             Bodelschwingh
1876 - 1881                Carl Ludwig August Freiherr von    (b. 1815 - d. 1889)
                             Ende
1881 - 1892                Botho Wend August Graf zu          (b. 1831 - d. 1912)
                             Eulenburg
1892 - 1898                Eduard Ludwig Karl Magdeburg       (b. 1844 - d. 1932)
1898 - 1903                Robert Graf von Zedtlitz-          (b. 1837 - d. 1914)
                             Trützschler
 1 Sep 1903 - 1907         Hubert Ludwig von Windheim         (b. 1857 - d. 1935)
1907 - 1917                Wilhelm Hengstenberg               (b. 1853 - d. 1927)
1917 - 1919                August Clemens Bodo Paul Wilhelm   (b. 1855 - d. 1938)
                             von Trott zu Solz
1919 - 1930                Rudolf Schwander                   (b. 1868 - d. 1950)  DDP
1930 - Jul 1932            August Haas                        (b. 1881 - d. 1945)  SPD
1932 - 1933                Ernst von Hülsen                   (b. 1875 - d. 1950)
 7 Jun 1933 -  8 Sep 1943  Philipp von Hessen                 (b. 1896 - d. 1980)  NSDAP
 8 Sep 1943 -  1 Jul 1944  Ernst Beckmann (acting)            (b. 1893 - d. 1957)  NSDAP
 1 Jul 1944 - 19 Sep 1945  divided into Kurhessen and Nassau

Landeshauptmänner (to 1906, Landesdirektor)
1887 - 1894                Eduard Freiherr von Hundelshausen  (b. 1838 - d. 1902)
1894 - 1918                Wilhelm Freiherr zu Eisenbach      (b. 1850 - d. 1918)  DKP
1918 - 1930                Reinhard von Gehren                (b. 1865 - d. 1931)
1930 - 1933                Gottfried Rabe von Pappenheim      (b. 1874 - d. 1955)
1933 - 1945                Wilhelm Traupel                    (b. 1891 - d. 1946)  NSDAP


Flaschenhals (Bottleneck)

10 Jan 1919                "Free State" of Bottleneck ('Freistaat' Flaschenhals) declared as a
                             temporary administration in part of Hesse-Nassau as a consequence
                             of the Allied occupation of the Rhineland (the French and U.S.
                             occupation zones did not meet entirely, leaving a narrow gap on
                             eastern side of the Rhine River - containing the Wisper valley,
                             towns of Lorch and Kaub, and villages of Lorchhausen, Sauerthal,
                             Ransel, Wollmerschied, Welterod, Zorn, Strüth and Egenrod) under
                             an
emergency administration headed by the mayor of Lorch as the
                             representative of
Hesse-Nassau administrator of Limburg district.
25 Feb 1923                Local administration ended by French occupation.

Representative of the Limburg district administrator and Mayor of Lorch ("President")
10 Jan 1919 - 25 Feb 1923  Edmund Anton Pnischeck             (b. 1883 - d. 1954)  SPD


Kurhessen

Oberpräsident
 1 Jul 1944 - 10 Apr 1945  Karl Gerland                       (b. 1905 - d. 1945)  NSDAP


Nassau

Oberpräsident
 1 Jul 1944 - Apr 1945     Jakob Sprenger                     (b. 1884 - d. 1945)  NSDAP



Jülich-Kleve-Berg

10 Mar 1814                General Government of Lower Rhine (Generalgouvernement
                             Niederrhein
).
16 Jul 1814                Renamed General Government of Lower and Middle Rhine
                             (Generalgouvernement Nieder- und Mittelrhein).
 1 Aug 1816               
Jülich-Kleve-Berg province
27 Jun 1822                Niederrhein and Jülich-Kleve-Berg united as Rhein province.

Governor-general
16 Jul 1814 - Nov 1815     Johann August Sack                (b. 1764 - d. 1831)
Oberpräsidenten
Nov 1815 - Mar 1816        Johann August Sack                (s.a.)
1816 - 24 Feb 1822         Friedrich Ludwig Christian Graf   (b. 1769 - d. 1822)
                             von Solms-Laubach
24 Feb 1822 - 27 Jun 1822  Karl Heinrich Ludwig Freiherr     (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
                             von Ingersleben


Magdeburg

1680                        Duchy of Magdeburg (Herzogtum Magdeburg), under
                              Brandenburg-Prussia.
10 Nov 1806 - 21 May 1814   French occupation of Magdeburg.
1808 - 29 Oct 1813          Incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia, part of
                              Elbe
département.
 1 Aug 1816               
 Part of Prussian province of Sachsen.

State Ministers responsible for Magdeburg and Halberstadt
1713 – 1719                Ernst Boguslaw von Kameke         (b. 1674 - d. 1726)

1719 - 17..                Friedrich von Görne               (b. 1670 - d. 1745)
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate
1723 - 1771                the Directing ministers for Kurmark
1771 - 1806                the Directing ministers for Niedersachsen
                           and W
estphalia (see Mark)

Governors
1675 - 1681                August Herzong von Schleswig-     (b. 1635 - d. 1699)
                             Holstein-Norburg-Plön
1681 - 1687                Ernst Gottlieb von Börstel        (b. 1630 - d. 1687)

1687 - 1691                Carl Graf von Schomberg           (b. 1645 - d. 1693)
1691 - 1692                Lüdecke Ernst von Schöning        (b. 1649 - d. 1693)
1692 - 18 Dec 1701         Wilhelm von Brandt                (b. 1644 - d. 1701)
Dec 1701 -  9 Apr 1747     Leopold von Anhalt-Dessau         (b. 1676 - d. 1747)
1747 - 16 Dec 1751         Leopold Maximilian von Anhalt     (b. 1700 - d. 1751)
                             -Dessau
1751 -  2 May 1755         Anselm Christoph von Bonin        (b. 1685 - d. 1755)
1755 - Dec 1766            Ferdinand Herzog von Braunschweig (b. 1721 - d. 1792)
Dec 1766 - 14 Mar 1785     Friedrich Christoph von Saldern   (b. 1719 - d. 1785)
1785 - 1789                Christoph August von Lengefeld    (b. 1728 - d. 1789)
1789 - 1800                Ludwig Karl von Kalckstein        (b. 1725 - d. 1800)
1800 - 11 Nov 1806         Franz Kasimir von Kleist          (b. 1736 - d. 1808)
French Governors of Magdeburg
10 Nov 1806 - 20 Nov 1806  Antoine Julien Marie Palasne de   (b. 1769 - d. 1847)
                             Champeaux
20 Nov 1806 -  6 Jan 1807  Jean-Baptiste Eblé (1st time)     (b. 1758 - d. 1812)
Jan 1807 -  8 Apr 1807     Jean Jacques Liébert              (b. 1758 - d. 1814)
 8 Apr 1807 - Feb 1808     Jean-Baptiste Eblé (2nd time)     (s.a.)
20 Feb 1808 - 15 Mar 1813  Claude Ignace François Michaud    (b. 1751 - d. 1839)
15 Mar 1813 - 25 Jun 1813  François Nicolas Benoît Haxo      (b. 1774 - d. 1838)
25 Jun 1813 - 21 May 1814  Jean Léonor François Le Marois    (b. 1776 - d. 1836)

K
ammerpräsidenten zu Magdeurg
17 Sep 1720 - 1735         Heinrich Christoph von Katte      (b. 1699 - d. 1760)
1735 - 31 Mar 1754         Caspar Wichard von Platen         (b. 1717 - d. 1754)
 5 Apr 1754 - 24 Sep 1755  Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorff  (b. 1719 - d. 1769)
24 Sep 1755 -  3 Sep 1763  Joachim Christian von Blumenthal  (b. 1720 - d. 1800)
Sep 1763 - Sep 1769        Christoph Albrecht von Auer       (b. 1710 - d. 1794)
Sep 1769 - Dec 1770        Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von der    (b. 1742 - d. 1815)

                            
Schulenburg-Kehnert
Dec 1770 - 1775            Leopold Otto Freiherr von Gaudi   (b. 1728 - d. 1789)
Oct 1775 - 1785            Christoph Friedrich aus dem Winkel
1785 - 1796                Adolph Ludwig von Puttkamer       (b. 1727 - d. 1796)
22 Nov 1796 - 1803         Ferdinand Ludwig Friedrich von
    (b. 1757 - d. 1826)
                             Angern
Oct 1803 - Nov 1804        Friedrich Carl Heinrich Graf von  (b. 1768 - d. 1805)
                             Schwerin
1804 - 1807                Hans Graf von Bülow               (b. 1774 - d. 1825)
French Intendant of the Province of Magdebourg
10 Nov 1806 - 1808?        Marie-André Chaalons              (b. 1758 - d. 18..)
French Intendant in Halle
Oct 1806 -  1 Feb 1808     Louis Antoine Clarac              (b. 1772 - d. 1854)


Mark

1160                       County of Mark (Grafschaft Mark) emerges from Berg.
1391                       Joined in personal union with County of Cleves (see under
                             German states).

1521 - 12 Nov 1614         Part of Jülich-Cleves-Berg.
12 Nov 1614                Mark under Brandenburg rule.
Nov 1806 -  1 Mar 1808     French occupation.
 9 Jul 1807                Ceded to France by the Peace of Tilsit.
 1 Mar 1808 - 1813         Part of Grand Duchy of Berg.

1813                       Prussian administration restored.
 1 Aug 1816               
Part of Westphalia province.


State Minister responsible for Minden and Mark
1713 – 1714                Johann Moritz von Blaspiel        (b. 1660/61 - d. 1723)

Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate Niedersachsen
(Lower Saxony) and Westfalen (Westphalia)
(incl. Cleves, Mark, Geldern; and from
12 Jun 1766 Lingen,
Halberstadt, Minden, Ravensberg, Tecklenburg and East Friesland)
Jan 1723 -  4 Apr 1739     Friedrich von Goerne              (b. 1670 - d. 1746)
 3 Apr 1739 - 22 Mar 1747  August Friedrich von Boden        (b. 1682 - d. 1762)
22 Mar 1747 -  5 Feb 1754  Adam Otto von Viereck             (b. 1684 - d. 1758)
 5 Feb 1754 -  9 Feb 1764  Friedrich Wilhelm von Borcke      (b. 1693 - d. 1769)
13 Jun 1764 -  6 Feb 1771  Ludwig Philipp von Hagen          (b. 1724 - d. 1771)
12 Feb 1771 -  4 Dec 1786  Friedrich Wilhelm von der         (b. 1742 - d. 1815)
                             Schulenburg-Kehnert         
 5 Dec 1786 - 15 May 1802  Friedrich Anton von Heynitz       (b. 1725 - d. 1802)
1802 - 1803                Karl August von Hardenberg        (b. 1750 - d. 1822)
1803 - 1807                Ferdinand Ludolph Friedrich       (b. 1757 - d. 1828)
                             von Angern

Kammerdirektoren der Kriegs- und Domänenkammerdeputation (in Hamm)
 1 Jun 1767 - 1768         Justus Wollrath Gottfried Müller
1768 - 1774                Johann Christoph Kessel
1774 - 1787                Christian Heinrich Ernst Freiherr (b. 1739 - d. 1794)
                             von Ledebur
Kammerpräsidenten Mark (in Hamm)
1787 - 1793                Christian Heinrich Ernst Freiherr (s.a.)
                             von Ledebur
1793 - 1804                Heinrich Friedrich Karl Freiherr  (b. 1757 - d. 1831)
                             vom Stein   
1804 - 29 Oct 1806         Ludwig Freiherr von Vincke        (b. 1774 - d. 1844)


Minden-Ravensberg

1180                       Prince-Bishopric of Minden (Fürstbistum Minden).
1521                       County of Ravensburg part of Jülich-Cleves-Berg.
12 Nov 1614                Ravensburg under Brandenburg rule.
15 Oct 1649                Prince-Bishopric of Minden secularized and annexed to Brandenburg.
1719                       County of Ravensberg (Grafschaft Ravensberg) and Principality
                             of Minden joined under Prussian administration as
                             Minden-Ravensberg.
Apr 1759 - Aug 1759        Minden occupied by France.
28 Aug 1807 - 1813         Part of the Kingdom of Westphalia.
Oct 1813                   Allied/Prussian occupation.
 1 Aug 1816                Part of Prussian province of Westpalia.

Kammerpräsidenten der Kriegs- und Domänenkammer Minden-Ravensberg
1723 – 1725                Heinrich Wennemar von Merode       (b. 1681 - d. 1735)
1725 – 1738                Friedrich Wilhelm von Borck(e)     (b. 1692 - d. 1769)
1738 - 1743                Friedrich Wilhelm von Rochow       (b. 1690 - d. 1764) 
1743 – 1746                Alexander Samuel Freiherr von      (b. 1705 - d. 1780)
                             Löben        
1746 – 1761                Valentin von Massow                (b. 1712 - d. 1775)
1763 – 1771                Karl Friedrich von Dachroeden      (b. 1732 - d. 1809)
1771 – 1794/96             Franz Traugott Friedrich Wilhelm   (b. 1739 - d. 1796)
                             von Breitenbauch
1796 – 1803                Heinrich Friedrich Karl Freiherr   (b. 1757 - d. 1831)
                             vom und zum Stein
16 Jan 1804 -  7 Sep 1805  Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von       (b. 1757 - d. 1832)
                             Bernuth                    
Sep 1805 – 1807            Friedrich Alexander von Hoevel     (b. 1766 - d. 1826)



Niederrhein (Lower Rhine)

10 Mar 1814                General Government of Lower Rhine (Generalgouvernement Niederrhein).
16 Jul 1814                Renamed General Government of Lower and Middle Rhine
                            
(Generalgouvernement Nieder- und Mittelrhein). 
 1 Aug 1816                Province of Grand Duchy of Lower Rhine (Provinz Grossherzogtum
                            
Niederrhein
), simply known as Lower Rhine (Niederrhein) province,
                             established.

27 Jun 1822                Niederrhein and Jülich-Kleve-Berg united as Rhein (Rhine) province.

Governor-general
11 Mar 1814 - 10 Jan 1816  Johann August Sack                 (b. 1764 - d. 1831)

Oberpräsident
10 Jan 1816 - 27 Jun 1822  Karl Heinrich Ludwig Freiherr von  (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
                             Ingersleben


Ostpreussen (East Prussia)

[Ostpreussen -
                          East Prussia province 1882-1935 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

26 Sep 1629 - 12 Sep 1635  The cities of Memel (Klaipėda) and Pillau (Baltiysk)(see below),
                             occupied by Sweden from Jun 1626, temporarily ceded by Poland
                             to Sweden as part of Swedish Prussia (see under Poland).
1736 - 1808                Divided in two chamber districts (Prussia [from 1772, East Prussia]
                             and Lithuania), replaced in 1808 by two regierungsbezirke.
22 Jan 1758 - Sep 1762     East Prussia occupied by Russia (and 24 Jan 1758 - 8 Jul 1762
                             annexed to Russia as the province of Prussiya [Prussia]).
31 Jan 1773                Province of Ostpreussen (East Prussia) created (confirmed 1815).
16 Jun 1807 -  9 Jul 1807  Königsberg briefly occupied by France.
Jun 1812 - Jan 1813        Königsberg occupied by France.
 6 Jan 1813 - Apr 1813     East Prussia occupied by Russia (Prussia changed alliance with
                             France to alliance with Russia by the treaty of 28 Feb 1813).
 3 Dec 1829 -  1 Apr 1878  Ostpreussen united with Danzig-Westpreussen as Preussen (Prussia).
15 Aug 1914 - 15 Sep 1914  Partial Russian occupation of the eastern and southern parts of
                             East Prussia.
10 Jan 1920 - 16 Aug 1920  Allenstein district under Allied control (see below).
Jan 1945                   Soviet forces advanced through East Prussia and by end of Jan
                             1945 Germans were left with only the coastal pockets.
19 Feb 1945                Southern zone was transferred to the authority of the Polish
                             Provisional Government and was organized into the Provisional
                             Polish District of Königsberg (Okreg Królewiec), which was
                             however soon renamed the District of Warmia and Mazuria
                             (Okreg Warmińsko-Mazurskie).
 9 Apr 1945                Königsberg occupied by the Soviet forces (Germans remain on
                             the Samland peninsula, west of Königsberg, until 25 Apr 1945),
                             Soviet military administration formally established.
 2 Aug 1945                Potsdam Conference provisionally (pending future peace treaty)
                             transfers northern part of East Prussia (including Königsberg)
                             to the Soviet Union (accession to the Soviet Union decreed on
                             17 Oct 1945 (see Kaliningrad oblast); the transfer recognized by
                             ("West") Germany by treaty on 12 Aug 1970), southern part of East
                             Prussia (including Allenstein) - to Poland (annexed 26 Dec 1945).

Swedish Commandants of Pillau (in Fischhausen)
Jun 1626 - 1627            Alexander Leslie (1st time)        (b. 1582 - d. 1661)
May 1627 – 1627            Nils Göransson Stiernsköld         (b. 1583 - d. 1627)
15 Oct 1627 - 1628         David Drummond                     (b. 1593 - d. 1638)
1628                       Gert Weissmeyer
1628                       Alexander Leslie (2nd time)        (s.a.)
1628 - 1629                Christopher Johansson Ekeblad      (b. 1592 - d. 1664)
1629                       John Kinnemond (Kinninmond)        (d. 1638)
Jun 1629 – 1630            Alexander von Essen                (b. 1595 - d. 1664)
1630 - c.1634              ....

c.1634 - c.1635            Matthias (Matias) Wenz
Stadholders for the Duchy (from 1701, Kingdom) of Prussia

1657 – 1669                Boguslaw Fürst Radziwill zu Birsen (b. 1620 - d. 1669)
1670 – 1684                Ernst Bogislaw Herzog von Croy und (b. 1620 - d. 1684)
                             Arschot
1684 – 1687                Vacant
1687 – 1690                Friedrich Hermann Graf von         (b. 1615 - d. 1690)
                             Schönberg
1690 – 1701                Vacant
Jan 1701 – Mar 1728        Friedrich Ludwig Herzog von        (b. 1653 - d. 1728)
                             Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck
State Minister responsible for Prussia (in Berlin)
1713 – 1714                Heinrich Rüdiger von Ilgen         (b. 1654 - d. 1728)

Oberpräsident der Kriegs- und Domänenkammern (local representative of central government)
1714 - 1721                Karl Heinrich Truchsess und Graf   (b. 1686 - d. 1721)
                             zu Waldburg
                            (
Präsident der Kriegskammer to 1720)
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate (in Berlin)
Jan 1723 -  1 Apr 1769     the Directing ministers for Neumark
    

Russian Governors of Prussia
Jan 1758 - May 1758        Wilhelm Graf von Fermor            (b. 1704 - d. 1771)
                             (= Graf Villim Villimovich Fermor)
                             (governor-general, nominally to Jan 1761)
May 1758 - Jan 1761        Nicolaus Freiherr von Korff        (b. 1710 - d. 1766)
                             (= Baron Nikolay Andreyevich Korf)
Jan 1761 -  5 Jan 1762     Vasiliy Ivanovich Suvorov          (b. 1705 - d. 1775)
Jan 1762 - Jul 1762        Pyotr Ivanovich Panin              (b. 1721 - d. 1789)
Jul 1762 - Sep 1762        Fyodor Matveyevich Voyeykov        (b. 1703 - d. 1778)
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate Prussia
and Lithuania
(in Berlin, from 1806 in Königsberg)
 1 Jun 1769 - 20 Sep 1775  Valentin von Massow                (b. 1712 - d. 1775)
15 Nov 1775 - 15 Sep 1789  Leopold Otto Freiherr von Gaudi    (b. 1728 - d. 1789)
Sep 1789 - 20 Oct 1791     Carl Maximilian Ferdinand von      (b. 1738 - d. 1792)
                             Mauschwitz
20 Oct 1791 - 10 Nov 1795  Hans Ernst von Werder              (b. 1740 - d. 1800)
Nov 1795 - Dec 1808        Friedrich Leopold Freiherr von     (b. 1743 - d. 1815)
                             Schrötter
                           (from 31 Jul 1807, Generalzivilkommissar for East and West Prussia)
Governors-general of East Prussia (and to Jul 1807, of Westpreussen)
Dec 1806 - Jul 1807        Ernst Friedrich von Rüchel         (b. 1754 - d. 1823)
French governor of Königsberg
Jun 1807 -  9 Jul 1807     Anne Jean Marie René Savary        (b. 1774 - d. 1833)
Governor-general of East Prussia
 1 Aug 1807 - 1809         Friedrich Adolf Graf von Kalckreuth(b. 1737 - d. 1818)
Oberpräsident der Ostpreussen, Westpreussen und Litauen
(civil commissioner of central government)
 6 Dec 1808 - Nov 1810     Hans Jacob von Auerswald (1st time)(b. 1757 - d. 1833)
Governors-general of Ostpreussen (and from 1811, of Westpreussen)
11 Dec 1809 - Nov 1811     Ludwig August von Stutterheim      (b. 1750 - d. 1826)
Nov 1811 - Mar 1812        Hans David Ludwig von Yorck        (b. 1759 - d. 1830)
Mar 1812 - Feb 1813        Friedrich Wilhelm von Bülow        (b. 1755 - d. 1816)
French Governors-general of Royal Prussia (Prusse royale)(in Königsberg)
 4 Jun 1812 -  8 Jul 1812  Dirk graaf van Hogendorp           (b. 1762 - d. 1822)
 8 Jul 1812 - 17 Nov 1812  Louis Henri Loison                 (b. 1771 - d. 1816)
17 Nov 1812 - Jan 1813     ....
Russian Commandant of Königsberg

Jan 1813 - Apr 1813        Carl Gustav Graf von Sievers       (b. 1772 - d. 1856)
                             (= Graf Karl Karlovich Sivers)

Provisional Administrator for East Prussia and West Prussia
Jan 1813 - Feb 1813        Heinrich Friedrich Karl Freiherr   (b. 1757 - d. 1831)
                             vom and zum Stein
                            (appointed by Russia)

Military Governors of the Lands between the Vistula and the Russian Border

(... des Landes zwischen der Weichsel und der Russischen Grenze)

28 Feb 1813 - Jun 1813     Erhard Friedrich Fabian Freiherr   (b. 1753 - d. 1819)
                             von Massenbach
Jun 1813 - Jun 1814        Friedrich Wilhelm von Zastrow      (b. 1752 - d. 1830)
Civil Governors of the Lands between the Vistula and the Russian Border
20 Mar 1813 - May 1813     Theodor Heinrich von Schön         (b. 1773 - d. 1856)
May 1813 - Jun 1814        Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander      (b. 1771 - d. 1831)
                             Burggraf zu Dohna-Schlobitten

Oberpräsidenten

1814 – 1815                the Regierungspräsidenten of
                           Ostpreussen and Litauen (acting)
30 Apr 1815 - 1824         Hans Jakob von Auerswald (2nd time)(s.a.)
1824 - 1842                Theodor Heinrich von Schön         (s.a.)
1842 - 1848                Carl Wilhelm Boetticher            (b. 1791 - d. 1868)
Mar 1848 - Jun 1848        Rudolf Ludwig Cäsar von Auerswald  (b. 1795 - d. 1866)
                             (1st time)
Jun 1848 - Sep 1848        Vacant
Sep 1848 - 1849            Rudolf Ludwig Cäsar von Auerswald  (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1849 - 1850                Eduard Heinrich Flottwell (acting) (b. 1786 - d. 1865)
1850 - Aug 1868            Franz August Eichmann              (b. 1793 - d. 1879)  Con
1869 -  1 Apr 1882         Carl Wilhelm Heinrich Georg von    (b. 1807 - d. 1889)
                             Horn
1882 - 14 May 1891         Albrecht Heinrich Carl von         (b. 1835 - d. 1891)  DKP
                             Schlieckmann
1891 - Mar 1895            Udo Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode   (b. 1840 - d. 1910)  DKP
12 Mar 1895 - 30 May 1901  Wilhelm Otto Albrecht Graf von     (b. 1852 - d. 1901)  FKP
                             Bismarck-Schönhausen
1901 - 1903                Hugo Samuel Louis Erdmann Reginald (b. 1842 - d. 1904)
                             Freiherr von Richthofen
1903 - 1907                Friedrich Ludwig Elisa von Moltke  (b. 1852 - d. 1927)
1907 - Aug 1914            Ludwig Hubert von Windheim         (b. 1857 - d. 1935)
15 Aug 1914 - 14 Sep 1914  Pavel Karlovich fon Rennenkampf    (b. 1854 - d. 1918)  Mil
                             (= Paul Georg Edler von Rennenkampf)
                             (Russian 1st Army commander in the east, including Insterburg)
20 Aug 1914 - 30 Aug 1914  Aleksandr Vasilyevich Samsonov     (b. 1859 - d. 1914)  Mil
                             (
Russian 2nd Army commander in the south, including Allenstein)
 1 Oct 1914 - 10 Aug 1916 
Max Johann Otto Adolf Tortilowicz  (b. 1868 - d. 1944)  Non-party
                             von Batocki-Friebe (1st time)
10 Aug 1916 - 21 Jan 1918  Friedrich Wilhelm Bernhard von     (b. 1866 - d. 1939)
                             Berg-Markienen
11 Feb 1918 - 30 Jun 1919 
Max Johann Otto Adolf Tortilowicz  (s.a.)              1919:DNVP
                             von Batocki-Friebe (2nd time)
 1 Jul 1919 - 16 Mar 1920  August Winnig                      (b. 1878 - d. 1956)  SPD
                             (acting to 1 Sep 1919)
                             (Imperial and State Commissioner for
                             East and West Prussia
Jan-Jun 1919)
16 Mar 1920 - Oct 1932     Ernst Siehr                        (b. 1869 - d. 1945)  DDP
Oct 1932 - May 1933        Wilhelm Kutscher                   (b. 1876 - d. 1962)  DNVP
May 1933 - 23 Apr 1945     Erich Koch                         (b. 1896 - d. 1986)  NSDAP
                            (also Chief of the Civil administration in
                            the Bialystok district 1 Aug 1941 – 27 Jul 1944)
Soviet Supreme Military Commanders
(of the 3rd Byelorussian Front)
Jan 1945 - 18 Feb 1945     Ivan Danilovich Chernyakhovskiy    (b. 1906 - d. 1945)  Mil
Feb 1945 - 26 Apr 1945     Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Vasilevskiy (b. 1895 - d. 1977)  Mil
26 Apr 1945 -  9 Jul 1945  Ivan Khristoforovich Bagramyan     (b. 1897 - d. 1982)  Mil
Polish Government Plenipotentiaries (in the south)
19 Feb 1945 - 30 Mar 1945  Jerzy Sztachelski                  (b. 1911 - d. 1975)  PPR
30 Mar 1945 - 29 Dec 1945  Jakub Prawin                       (b. 1901 - d. 1957)  PPR/Mil


Landhofmeister of the Duchy (from 1701, Kingdom) of Prussia

1641 – 1653                Johann Eberhard von Tettau         (b. 1585 - d. 1653)
1654 – 1660                Gottfried Freiherr zu Eulenburg    (b. 1598 - d. 1660)
1660 – 1697                Johann Ernst von Wallenrodt        (b. 1615 - d. 1697)
1697 - 1706                Otto Wilhelm von Perbandt          (b. 1635 - d. 1706)
1706 - 1711                Adam Christoph Graf von Wallenrodt (b. 1644 - d. 1711)
1711 - 1725                Christoph Alexander von Rauschke   (b. 1652 - d. 1725)
Kammerpräsidenten Preussen (from 1772, Ostpreussen) zu Königsberg
26 Sep 1714 - Oct 1721     Christian Ernst von Münchow        (b. 1672 - d. 1749)
Mar 1722 - Feb 1723        Matthias Christoph von Bredow      (b. 1685 - d. 1734)
 4 Feb 1723 - Apr 1746     Johann Friedrich von Lesgewang     (b. 1681 - d. 1760)
Jun 1746 - Jun 1750        Ehrenreich Sigismund von Bredow    (b. 1700 - d. 1754)
16 Jul 1750 - Dec 1753     Joachim Ewald von Massow           (b. 1696 - d. 1769)
22 Dec 1753 - 1761         David Sigismund von der Marwitz    (b. 1699 - d. 1779)
May 1762 - 20 Nov 1781     Johann Friedrich von Domhardt      (b. 1712 - d. 1781)
                             (from Jun 1772, also Oberpräsident der
                             Ostpreussen, Westpreussen und Litauen)
29 Dec 1781 - Sep 1786     Anton Gottlieb von der Goltz       (b. 1746 - d. 1821)
21 Sep 1786 - 1791         Ernst Wilhelm von Korckwitz        (b. 1744 - d. 1802)
Apr 1791 - 1795            Friedrich Leopold von Schrötter    (s.a.)
                             (also Oberpräsident der Ostpreussen, Westpreussen und Litauen)
May 1795 - 1802            Anton Ludwig von Wagner            (b. 1725 - d. 1805)
25 Feb 1802 - Dec 1808     Hans Jacob von Auerswald           (s.a.)
French Intendant of Königsberg
Jun 1807 - Jul 1807        Goswin Joseph Augustin, baron de   (b. 1780 - d. 1854)
                             Stassart
Regierungspräsidenten der Ostpreussen (to 1809, Ostpreussen und Litauen) zu Königsberg 
23 Dec 1808 - Dec 1810     Friedrich Ludwig von Wissmann      (b. 1770 - d. 1856)
Dec 1810 – 1824            Hans Jacob von Auerswald           (s.a.)

Kammerpräsidenten Litauen zu Gumbinnen
Aug 1736 - Jul 1745        Adam Ludwig von Blumenthal         (b. 1691 - d. 1760)
Jul 1745 - Jun 1750        Ehrenreich Sigismund von Bredow    (s.a.)
1750 - 1757                presidents of chamber of Prussia
Oct 1757 - 20 Nov 1781     Johann Friedrich von Domhardt      (s.a.)
1781 - 1786                presidents of chamber of Prussia
                           (from 1772,
Ostpreussen)
Sep 1786 - Jun 1795        Wilhelm August Freiherr von        (b. 1751 - d. 1798?)
                             Grappendorf
1795 - 1807                presidents of chamber of Ostpreussen
1807 - Dec 1808            Johann Daniel von Broscovius       (b. 1745 - d. 1809)
Regierungspräsident Litauen zu Gumbinnen
Apr 1809 – Mar 1816        Theodor Heinrich von Schön         (s.a.)

Landeshauptmänner (to 1896, Landesdirektor)
1876 – 1878                Heinrich Rickert                   (b. 1833 - d. 1902)  NLP
                             (Landesdirektor Preussen)
1878 – 1884                Kurt von Saucken-Tarputschen       (b. 1825 - d. 1890)  DF
1884 – 1888                Alfred von Gramatzki               (b. 1834 - d. 1888)  Con
1888 – 1895                Klemens von Stockhausen            (b. 1845 - d. 1895)
1896 – 1909                Rudolf von Brandt                  (b. 1835 - d. 1909)
1909 – 1916               
Friedrich Wilhelm Bernhard von     (s.a.)
                             Berg-Markienen
1916 – 1928                Manfred Magnus Graf von Brünneck-  (b. 1872 - d. 1957)
                             Bellschwitz
1928 – 1936                Paul Blunk                         (b. 1880 - d. 1947)
1936 – 1945                Helmuth von Wedelstädt             (b. 1902 - d. 1988)  NSDAP


Neuostpreussen (New East Prussia)

30 Sep 1794                Occupied by Prussia (formerly part of Poland and Lithuania).
 6 Jun 1796                Incorporated into Prussia (bordered by the Bug River in the
                             south and the Nieman River in the east) as Neuostpreussen
                             province, divided into two chamber districts (Bialystok, Plock).
29 Aug 1807                Incorporated into the Duchy of Warsaw (see under Poland),
                             Białystok region is ceded to Russia.

Prussian Military governor
(in Warsaw)
30 Sep 1794 -  6 Jun 1796  Johann Heinrich von Günther        (b. 1736 - d. 1803)
Directing minister (in Berlin, from 1806 in Königsberg)
 6 Jun 1796 - 29 Aug 1807  the directing ministers for
Ostpreussen

Kammerpräsidenten Bialystok
May 1796 - Sep 1798        Carl Ludwig von Knobloch           (b. 1764 - d. 1839)
Dec 1798 - Feb 1802        Friedrich von Schimmelpfennig      (b. 1758 - d. 1829)
                             von der Oye
Jun 1802 - 1807            Friedrich Heinrich Wilhelm von     (b. 1748 - d. 1819)
                             Wagner
Kammerpräsidenten Plock
May 1796 - Sep 1798        Carl Ludwig von Knobloch           (s.a.)
Dec 1798 - Feb 1802        Georg Ernst Friedrich Freiherr     (b. 1755 - d. 1812)
                             von der Recke
Mar 1802 - 1807            Johann Daniel von Broscovius       (b. 1745 - d. 1809)


Allenstein

10 Jan 1920                Separated from East Prussia and German authorities withdrawn;
                             under the Treaty of Versailles placed under the authority
                             of the Administration and Plebiscite Commission, appointed
                             by the Principal Allied and Associated Powers.
12 Feb 1920                Inter-Allied Control Commission for the plebiscite in Allenstein
                             takes over the administration.
11 Jul 1920                In a plebiscite 97.8% of the inhabitants vote in favor of
                             Germany, 2.2% vote for Poland.
16 Aug 1920                Restored to Prussia/Germany.
26 Dec 1945                Incorporated into Poland as Olsztyn.

President of the Inter-Allied Commission of Government and Plebiscite
12 Feb 1920 - 16 Aug 1920  Ernest Amelius Rennie (U.K.)         (b. 1868 - d. 1935) 

Reichskommissar
(German Imperial Commissioner) for East Prussian

Plebiscite Area in Allenstein
10 Jan 1920 - 16 Aug 1920  Wilhelm Moritz Egon Freiherr von     (b. 1879 - d. 1945)  DNVP
                             Gayl 



Pommern (Pomerania)

[Pommern- Pomerania
                        province 1882-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

1637                       Duchy of Pomerania (Herzogtum Pommern)(occupied by Sweden from 1631)
                             inherited by
Brandenburg-Prussia.
24 Oct 1648                Swedish possession of part of Pomerania confirmed by the Treaty of
                             Westpahlia (West Pomerania, including Stettin, and Rügen);
                             (see Swedish Pomerania).
1650                       Principality of Cammin (former prince-bishopric) acquired by
                             Brandenburg-Prussia.
 6 Jun 1653                Swedish forces left Kolberg and are replaced by Brandenburg troops.
11 Jul 1654                Hinterpommern (Hither Pomerania or Farther Pomerania) confirmed
                             as a Prussian possession, however the ducal style towards
                             Brandenburg-Prussian Pomerania remained "Duke of Stettin,
                             Pomerania, Kashubians, and Wends."
19 Sep 1657                Lauenburg and Bütow (see under Royal Prussia), and Draheim granted
                             by Poland to Prussia as fiefs (until 1772, when they are directly
                             annexed to Prussia).
28 Jun 1679                Strip of land on the east side of the Oder, except for Gollnow and
                             Altdamm, ceded by Sweden to Brandenburg.
21 Jan 1719                Swedish Pomerania south of the river Peene and east of the river
                             Peenestrom are ceded to Prussia, including the islands of Usedom
                             and Wollin, and the towns of Stettin, Damm and Gollnow
                             (incorporated into Prussia on 29 May 1720).
1723 - 1808                Pomerania and Cammin a single chamber district (Pomerania), replaced
                             in 1808 by single regierungsbezirk.
14 Nov 1806 - 1807         French occupation (French troops left by Dec 1808, except Stettin).
Mar 1813 -  5 Dec 1813     French troops in Stettin under siege by Prussian troops.
30 Apr 1815                Province of Pommern (Pomerania) formally organized.
23 Oct 1815                Denmark cedes Swedish Pomerania to Prussia; the area is fully
                             incorporated into Prussia from 5 Jan 1818.
25 Apr 1945                Soviet troops occupy Stettin.
 2 Aug 1945                Partitioned along the Oder River; eastern part (Hinterpommern)
                             to Poland (actually from May 1945, Stettin from 5 Jul 1945),
                             part west of the Oder (Vorpommern) to ("East") Germany
                             (see Mecklenburg-Vorpommern under German states).

Statthalter Pommern
 1 Jul 1650 - 1665         Philipp von Horn                   (d. 1683)
1665 - 1678                Ernst Bogislaw Herzog von Croy
     (b. 1620 - d. 1684)
                             und Arschot                
1678 - Feb 1695            Georg Freiherr von Derfflinger     (b. 1606 - d. 1695)
1695 - 1698                Heino Heinrich Graf von Flemming   (b. 1632 - d. 1706)
1698 - 21 Jun 1731  
      Albrecht Friedrich Markgraf von    (b. 1672 - d. 1731)
                             Brandenburg-Schwedt
State Minister responsible for Neumark and Pomerania (in Berlin)
1713 - 1714                the State Minister for
Neumark
Secret and Directing ministers of the General Directorate (in Berlin, from 1806 in Königsberg)
1723 - 1807                the 
Directing ministers for Neumark
French Governors of Stettin Department (subject to governor-general in Berlin)
Nov 1806 - Dec 1806        Jean Léonor François Lemarois      (b. 1776 - d. 1836)
 7 Dec 1806 - 15 Apr 1807  Pierre Thouvenot                   (b. 1757 – d. 1817)
15 Apr 1807 - 12 Aug 1807  Jean Jacques Liébert               (b. 1758 - d. 1814)
Governors-general of Pomerania and Neumark (in Stargard)
 1 Aug 1807 - 11 Nov 1811  Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher      (b. 1742 - d. 1819)
1811 - Mar 1813            Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel Graf    (b. 1760 - d. 1824)
                             Tauentzien von Wittenberg
General-Zivilkommissar of Pomerania and Neumark (in Stargard)
31 Jul 1807 - Dec 1808     August Heinrich von Borgstede      (b. 1758 - d. 1824)
Oberpräsident (civil commissioner of central government)
 6 Dec 1808 - Nov 1810     the Oberpräsident of Kurmark
French Governor of Stettin
10 Feb 1813 -  5 Dec 1813  Louis Joseph d'Abeaucourt Grandeau (b. 1761 - d. 1832)

Prussian Military Governors (
Militärgouverneuren Landes zwischen der Oder und Weichsel)
20 Mar 1813 - 18 Jul 1813  Bogislaw Emanuel Graf von          (b. 1760 - d. 1824)
                            
Tauentzien
18 Jul 1813 –  3 Jun 1814  Ludwig August von Stutterheim      (b. 1751 – d. 1827)

Civil governor
Landes zwischen der Oder und Weichsel (in Stargard)
15 Mar 1813 - 30 May 1814 
Karl Friedrich von Beyme           (b. 1765 - d. 1838)
Oberpräsidenten

1814 – 1815                the Regierungspräsident of
                           Pomerania (acting)  
25 May 1815 - Jan 1816     Karl Heinrich Ludwig Freiherr von  (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
                             Ingersleben                    
10 May 1816 - 18 Jun 1831  Johann August Sack                 (b. 1764 - d. 1831)
20 Jul 1831 - Feb 1835     Moritz Haubold Freiherr von        (b. 1770 - d. 1860)
                             Schönberg 
12 May 1835 - 28 Jan 1852  Wilhelm Friedrich Fürchtegott von  (b. 1786 - d. 1852)
                             Bonin
28 Jan 1852 - 12 Sep 1852  Vacant
12 Sep 1852 - 12 Oct 1866  Ernst Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf (b. 1795 - d. 1882)
                             Freiherr Senfft von Pilsach 
 1 Jan 1867 - 21 Jul 1882  Ferdinand Karl Wilhelm August      (b. 1810 - d. 1882)
                             Freiherr von Münchhausen 
26 Jan 1883 - 1891         Ulrich Karl August Wilhelm Hermann (b. 1826 - d. 1902)  FKP
                             Axel Graf von Behr-Negendank 
 3 Jul 1891 - Dec 1899     Robert Victor von Puttkammer       (b. 1828 - d. 1900)  DKP
 1 Jan 1900 - 1911         Helmuth Freiherr von Maltzahn      (b. 1840 - d. 1923)  DKP
 1 Nov 1911 - 1917         Wilhelm August Hans von Waldow-    (b. 1856 - d. 1937)
                             Reitzenstein
Aug 1917 - 22 Mar 1918     Max Hermann Freiherr von Ziller    (b. 1867 - d. 1929)
 1 Apr 1918 - 31 Mar 1919  Georg Michaelis                    (b. 1857 - d. 1936)  DNVP
 1 Apr 1919 - 31 Mar 1930  Julius Lippmann                    (b. 1864 - d. 1934)  DDP
 1 Apr 1930 - Oct 1933     Karl von Halfern                   (b. 1873 - d. 1937)  DVP
                             (acting to Jun 1930)
Oct 1933 - 21 Jul 1934     Rudolf zur Bonsen (acting)         (b. 1886 - d. 1952)  NSDAP
21 Jul 1934 -  4 May 1945  Franz Schwede-Coburg               (b. 1888 - d. 1960)  NSDAP

Chancellors (in Stargard, 1653-1669 in Kolberg, 1669-1723 in Stargard,
from 1723 in Stettin)
1649 - 1655                Friedrich Runge                    (b. 1599 - d. 1655)
1655 - 1656                Ewald Freiherr von Kleist          (b. 1615 - d. 1656)
1656 - 1678                Lorenz Christoph von Somnitz       (b. 1612 - d. 1678)
1678 - 1702                Lorenz Georg von Krockow           (b. 1638 - d. 1702)
27 Jan 1703 -  7 Aug 1704  Paul Freiherr von Fuchs            (b. 1640 - d. 1704)
 7 Aug 1704 -  1 Nov 1706  Vacant
 1 Nov 1706 - 12 Feb 1721  Matthias Döring von Somnitz        (b. 1663 - d. 1721)
13 Feb 1721 - 1747         Philipp Otto von Grumbkow          (b. 1684 - d. 1752)
Präsidenten der Kriegs- und Domänenkammern
Pommern
(in Stargard, 1723-1806 in Stettin, from 1806 in Stargard)
10 Sep 1716 - Aug 1736     Caspar Otto von Massow             (b. 1665 - d. 1736)
Aug 1736 -  5 Jul 1742     Philip Otto von Grumbkow           (s.a.)
1742 -  Mar 1763           Georg Wilhelm von Aschersleben     (b. 1702 - d. 1775)
31 Mar 1763 - 29 Nov 1787  Hans Friedrich von Schöning        (b. 1717 - d. 1787)
1787 - 1795                Carl Wilhelm von Bessel            (b. 1727 - d. 1800)
1795 - 1798                Johann Friedrich von Schütz        (b. 1740 - d. 1798)   
1798 - 1806                Karl Heinrich Ludwig Freiherr von  (s.a.)
                             Ingersleben                     
1806 - Dec 1808            Georg Christian Ludwig von         (b. 1765 - d. 1828)    
                             Heydebreck
French Intendant of Stettin Department (subject to administrator-general in Berlin)
Nov 1806 - 1808            Charles Alexandre Laigle           (b. 1768 - d. 1831)
                            (intendant-général de la Poméranie)
Regierungspräsidenten (in Stargard, from 1814 Stettin)
1808 - 1809                ....
1809 - 25 Jun 1812         Ernst Ludwig Hering                (b. 1751 - d. 1832)
25 Jun 1812 - 1816         Karl Heinrich Ludwig Freiherr von  (s.a.)
                             Ingersleben

Landeshauptmänner (to 1896, Landesdirektor)
1876 - 1877                Wilhelm von Heyden-Linden          (b. 1842 - d. 1877)
1877 - 1881                Wilhelm von Heyden-Cadow           (b. 1839 - d. 1920)  DKP
1881 - 1893                Rüdiger Freiherr von der Goltz     (b. 1837 - d. 1910)
1893 - 1898                Gerhard Hoeppner                   (b. 1852 - d. 1898)  Con
1898 - 1917                Paul von Eisenhart-Rothe           (b. 1857 - d. 1923)
1917 - 1924                Johannes Sarnow                    (b. 1860 - d. 1924)  DNVP
1925 - 1934                Ernst von Zitzewitz                (b. 1873 - d. 1945)
1934 - 1935                Ernst Jarmer                       (b. 1886 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
1936 - 1940                Robert Schulz                      (b. 1900 - d. 1974)  NSDAP
1940 - 1945                Emil Masuw                         (b. 1900 - d. 1987)  NSDAP



Posen 
 
[Posen grand
                          duchy 1815-1886 (Prussia, Germany)]
1815 - 1849, 22 Oct 1882 - 9 Nov 1896
[Posen province
                          1886-1920 (Prussia, Germany)]
9 Nov 1896 - 28 Dec 1918

 3 May 1815                Posen/Poznań ceded to Prussia.
15 May 1815                Grand Duchy of Posen (Grossherzogtum Posen) annexed to
                             Prussia (effected on 9 Jun 1815 by take-over)
.

 9 Jun 1815                Re-organization of Poland confirmed by the Congress of
                             Vienna
.
20 Mar 1848 -  9 May 1848  Poznań/Posen (or "Greater Poland") Polish uprising.
 3 Apr 1848                Posen diet votes against joining the German Confederation.
 7 Feb 1849                Province of Posen (autonomy abolished).

28 Dec 1918                Occupied by Poland
10 Jan 1920                Formally incorporated into Poland (under Treaty of Versailles
                             of 28 Jun 1919).
Jun 1922                   Grenzmark (or "Border Mark") Posen-Westpreussen formed 

                             from portions of Posen and West Prussia provinces that
                             were not annexed by Poland.
26 Oct 1939 - Feb 1945     Part of occupied Poland annexed to Germany (but not to Prussia)
                             as
Reichsgau Posen (from 2 Nov 1939, Reichsgau Wartheland)
                             (see
Wartheland under German states from 1918).
Feb 1945                   Re-incorporated into Poland.

Grand Dukes (Gross Herzog von Posen)
20 Jun 1815 - 11 Nov 1918  the kings of Prussia
Governor
20 Jul 1815 - Feb 1831     Anton Heinrich Fürst Radziwiłł von (b. 1775 - d. 1833) 
                             Nieśwież und von Ołyka
Oberpräsidenten
30 Apr 1815 - 1824         Joseph Zerboni di Sposetti         (b. 1760 - d. 1831)
1825 -  4 Oct 1830         Johann Friedrich Theodor           (b. 1768 - d. 1830)
                             (from 1828, von) Baumann 
1830 - 1840                Eduard Heinrich Flottwell          (b. 1786 - d. 1865)
1840 - 1842                Adolf Heinrich Graf von Arnim-     (b. 1803 - d. 1868)
                             Boitzenburg
1843 - 1850                Carl Moritz von Beurmann           (b. 1802 - d. 1870)
20 Mar 1848 - 30 Apr 1848  Gustaw Potworowski                 (b. 1800 - d. 1860)
                             (chairman of Polish National Committee, in rebelion)
28 Mar 1848 -  9 May 1848  Ludwik Adam Mierosławski           (b. 1814 - d. 1878)
                             (commander-in-chief of Polish Legion, in rebellion)
 5 Apr 1848 - 1848         Karl Wilhelm Freiherr von Willisen (b. 1790 - d. 1879)
                             (royal civil commissioner for the
Province of Posen)
 3 Aug 1850 - 1851         Gustav Carl Gisbert Heinrich       (b. 1797 - d. 1878)

                             Wilhelm Gebhard von Bonin
                             (1st time) 
10 Jul 1851 - 1860         Eugen von Puttkammer               (b. 1800 - d. 1874)
23 Apr 1860 - 1862         Gustav Carl Gisbert Heinrich       (s.a.)
                             Wilhelm Gebhard von Bonin 
                             (2nd time)
1862 - 1869                Carl Wilhelm Heinrich Georg von    (b. 1807 - d. 1889)
                             Horn 
1869 - 1873                Otto Graf von Königsmarck          (b. 1815 - d. 1889)
1873 - 1886                William Barstow von Guenther       (b. 1815 - d. 1892)
1886 - 1890                Robert Graf von Zedtlitz-          (b. 1837 - d. 1914)
                             Trützschler
1890 - 1899                Hugo Theodor Wichardt Freiherr     (b. 1840 - d. 1905)  DKP
                             von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff 
1899 - 1903                Karl Julius Rudolf von Bitter      (b. 1846 - d. 1914)  FKP
1903 - 1911                Wilhelm August Hans von Waldow-    (b. 1856 - d. 1937)
                             Reitzenstein
1911 - 1914                Philipp Schwartzkopff              (b. 1858 - d. 1914)
1914 - Jan 1919            Johann Karl Friedrich Moritz       (b. 1862 - d. 1942)
                             Ferdinand von Eisenhart-Rothe
11 Nov 1918 - 1919         Witold Wojciech Trąmpczyński       (b. 1860 - d. 1953)  Non-party
                            
(president of Supreme People's Council of Poznań; in rebellion)
Jan 1919 – Jun 1922        Friedrich August von Bülow (acting)(b. 1868 - d. 1936)  DVP
                             (in Schneidemühl)

Landeshauptmänner (to 1896, Landesdirektor)
1889 - 1893                Arthur von Posadowsky-Wehner,      (b. 1845 - d. 1932)  FKP
                           Freiherr von Postelwitz
1893 - 1911                Sigismund von Dziembowski          (b. 1849 - d. 1915)
1911 - 1920                Ernst Freiherr von Heyking         (b. 1862 - d. 1940)
1920 - 1922                the Landesdirektor of Brandenburg
                             (acting)

Reichskommissar (Imperial Commissioner) for Upper Silesia and Posen
 6 Apr 1919 - Jan 1920     Friedrich Otto Hörsing             (b. 1874 - d. 1937)
  SPD


Südpreussen (South Prussia)

24 Jan 1793                Occupied by Prussia (formerly part of Poland).
 7 Apr 1793                Incorporated into Prussia as Südpreussen province, divided into
                             two from 1794 three, chamber districts (Petrikau/Kalisch,
                             Posen, and Plock/Warschau).
Nov 1806                   Occupied by the French.

14 Jan 1807                Under the Polish Government Commission in Warsaw.
29 Aug 1807                Incorporated into the Duchy of Warsaw (see
Poland).
20 Jun 1815                Eastern part to Russia ("Congress" Poland); the western part
                             becomes the Prussian province of Posen (s.a.).

Prussian Military governor (in Posen/Poznań)
24 Jan 1793 -  7 Apr 1793  Wichard Joachim Heinrich von       (b. 1734 - d. 1816) 
                             Möllendorff 
Directing ministers (in Berlin, except 1794-1798 in Breslau)
 7 Apr 1793 - 24 Sep 1794  directing minister for Neumark
24 Sep 1794 - 22 Apr 1798  directing minister for Silesia
22 Apr 1798 - Nov 1806     directing minister for Neumark
Oberpräsident
of South Prussia
(local commissioner of directing minister, in Posen/Pozna
ń)
23 Oct 1794 - 10 Mar 1798  Heinrich Ludwig von Bucholtz       (b. 1740 - d. 1811)
French Governors of Warsaw
Dec 1806 - Jan 1807        Louis Jean-Baptiste Gouvion        (b. 1752 - d. 1823)
Jan 1807 - Mar 1807        Jean Léonor François Lemarois      (b. 1776 - d. 1836)
French Governors of Posen
Dec 1806 - Jan 1807        Jean Léonor François Lemarois      (s.a.)
Jan 1807 - 1807            Jean Jacques Liebert               (b. 1759 - d. 1814)

Kammerpräsidenten Petrikau (from Feb 1796, Kalisch)
May 1793 - Nov 1803        Ferdinand Georg von Oppeln-        (b. 1751 - d. 1803)
                             Bronikowski
Nov 1803 - Jan 1805        Karl Julius von Prittwitz          (b. 1758 - d. 1835)
Jan 1805 - Jan 1806        Peter August von Goldbeck          (b. 1767 - d. 1806)
May 1806 - Nov 1806        Hans Friedrich von Prittwitz       (b. 1767 - d. 1834)
Kammerpräsidenten Posen
May 1793 - May 1797        Jacob Ludwig von Grape             (b. 1735 - d. 1811)
May 1797 - Dec 1804        August Anton von Haerlem           (b. 1749 - d. 1825)
Jan 1805 - Nov 1806        Hans Alexander von Köller          (b. 1752 - d. 1820)
French Intendant of Posen
Nov 1806 - 1807            Étienne Aim
é Vincent de Margnolas  (b. 1781 - d. 1809)
Kammerpräsidenten Plock (from May 1796, Warschau)
Mar 1794 - May 1797        August Anton von Haerlem           (s.a.)
May 1797 - Nov 1806        Hartwig Ludwig Graf von Hoym       (b. 1750 - d. 1811)
French Intendant of Warsaw
Dec 1806 - 1807            Pierre-Anselme Garrau              (b. 1762 - d. 1829)


Grenzmark Posen-Westpreussen
[Posen-Westpreussen 1920-1935 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
9 Sep 1923 - 15 Sep 1935

Jun 1922                   Grenzmark (or "Border Marks") Posen-Westpreussen formed 
                             from portions of Posen and West Prussia provinces
                             that were not annexed by Poland.
 2 Sep 1938                Divided between Brandenburg, Pommern, and Schlesien.
Feb 1945                   Incorporated into Poland.

Oberpräsidenten
21 Jul 1922 - 1933         Friedrich von Bülow                (b. 1868 - d. 1936)  DVP
 1 Apr 1933 -  5 Jul 1933  Hans von Meibom                    (b. 1879 - d. 1960)  DNVP
 5 Jul 1933 -  7 Aug 1936  Wilhelm Paul Richard Kube          (b. 1887 - d. 1943)  NSDAP
 7 Aug 1936 -  2 Sep 1938  Emil Stürtz                        (b. 1892 - d. 1945)  NSDAP

Landeshauptmänner
1922 - 1933                Johann Caspari                     (b. 1888 - d. 1984)  SPD
1933 - 1938                Hermann Fiebing                    (b. 1901 - d. 1960)  NSDAP



Rhein (Rheinland)
[Rhein -
                          Rhineland province 1882-1935 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

 2 Oct 1794                French invasion of the Rhineland begins (Aachen taken 6 Oct 1794).
18 Oct 1797                Treaty of Campo Formio de facto cedes Rhineland territories to
                             to France.
 9 Feb 1801 - 1813         Annexed to France.
30 Jun 1802                The Rhine départements become regular départements of France.
1813 - 1815                Allied occupation.
 1 Aug 1816                Niederrhein and Jülich-Kleve-Berg provinces created.
27 Jun 1822                Niederrhein and Jülich-Kleve-Berg united as Rhein province.
 
8 May 1849 - 14 Jun 1849  Rhenish uprisings in Elberfeld, Düsseldorf to 10 May), Iserlohn
                             (to 17 May) and other cities.
 1 Jun 1945                Southern part merged into Mittelrhein-Saar
.
20 Jun 1945                Northern part became province of Nordrhein.
23 Aug 1946               
Nordrhein merged into Nordrhein-Westfalen
                             (see under German states).

Oberpräsidenten
27 Jun 1822 - 13 May 1831  Karl Heinrich Ludwig Freiherr von  (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
                             Ingersleben
1831 - 1834                Philipp von Pestel                 (b. 1767 - d. 1835)
1834 - 1842                Ernst Albert Karl Wilhelm Ludwig   (b. 1794 - d. 1854)
                             von Bodelschwingh 
1842 - 1845                Justus Wilhelm Eduard von Schaper  (b. 1792 - d. 1868)
16 Jul 1845 - Sep 1848     Franz August Eichmann (1st time)   (b. 1793 - d. 1879)
Sep 1848 - 12 Nov 1848     Eduard von Moeller (acting)        (b. 1814 - d. 1880)
12 Nov 1848 - 31 Aug 1850  Franz August Eichmann (2nd time)   (s.a.)
1850 - 1851                Rudolf Ludwig Cäsar von Auerswald  (b. 1795 - d. 1866)
Jul 1851 - 1858            Hans Hugo von Kleist-Retzow        (b. 1814 - d. 1892)
1858 -  7 Dec 1871         Adolph von Pommer-Esche            (b. 1804 - d. 1871)
17 Jun 1872 -  1 Oct 1889  Moritz Heinrich Albrecht von       (b. 1814 - d. 1890)
                             Bardeleben
1889 - 1890                Hans Hermann Freiherr von          (b. 1843 - d. 1926)
                             Berlepsch
1890 - 1905                Berthold Johann Marcellus Edmund   (b. 1831 - d. 1906)
                             Nasse
1905 - 1910                Clemens August Freiherr von        (b. 1856 - d. 1922)
                             Schorlemer-Lieser
1910 - 1918                Georg Freiherr von Rheinbaben      (b. 1855 - d. 1921)
Apr 1918 - 10 May 1922     Rudolf Felix Joseph von Groote     (b. 1858 - d. 1922)
1922 - Mar 1933            Johannes "Hans" Fuchs              (b. 1874 - d. 1956)  Z
Mar 1933 - 1935            Hermann Freiherr von Lüninck       (b. 1893 - d. 1975)  DNVP
1935 - Apr 1945            Josef Antonius Heinrich Terboven   (b. 1898 - d. 1945)  NSDAP   

Landeshauptmänner (to 1902, Landesdirektor)
 
9 Dec 1875 - Dec 1883    Hugo von Landsberg-Steinfurt       (b. 1832 - d. 1901)
Dec 1882 -  1 Apr 1903     Friedrich Wilhelm Klein            (b. 1834 - d. 1908)
 4 Apr 1903 -  1 Oct 1921  Ludwig Renvers                     (b. 1855 - d. 1936)
                             (from 1905,
Ludwig von Renvers)
 4 Mar 1922 - 19 Feb 1933  Johannes Horion                    (b. 1876 - d. 1933)  Z
11 Mar 1933 - Apr 1945     Heinrich Haake                     (b. 1892 - d. 1945)  NSDAP 


Sigmaringen

[Hohenzollern
                        Province 1882-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

 7 Dec 1849                Princes of the principalities of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and
                             and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen both abdicate.
12 Mar 1850                Former principalities incorporated into Prussia as a district
                             (for some matters subordinated to Rhein province
                             [
Regierungsbezirk of Sigmaringen], also referred to as the
                             Hohenzollern lands [Hohenzollerische Lande]), forming a Prussian
                             exclave
surrounded by Wüttemberg.
 
6 Apr 1850                Prussia takes possession in Sigmaringen and 8 Apr 1850 in Hechingen.
27 Jun 1866 -  6 Aug 1866  Occupied by Württemberg troops in the name of the German
                             Confederation.
13 Jul 1945                To be merged with southern part of Württemberg into Württemberg-
                             Hohenzollern
, merger completed 16 Oct 1945 (see German states).

Regierungspräsidenten (presidents of the government)
1849 - 1850                Gustav Franz Albert von Frank von  (b. 1794 - d. 1867)
                             Fürstenwerth
                             (in Hohenzollern-Hechingen)
1849 - 1850                Anton von Sallwürk                 (b. 1807 - d. 1871)
                             (in Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen)
 6 Apr 1850 -  8 Aug 1851  Adolf Karl Freiherr von            (b. 1792 - d. 1852)

                             Spiegel-Borlinghausen und zu
                             Peckelsheim
1850 - 13 Feb 1852         Anton von Sallwürk (acting)        (s.a.)
                            
(acting [for Spiegel-Borlinghausen to 8 Aug 1851])
13 Feb 1852 - 1853         Ludwig Viktor Marquis von Villers
 (b. 1810 - d. 1881)
                             Graf von Grignoncourt                
May 1853 - 26 Mar 1859     Rudolf von Sydow                   (b. 1805 - d. 1872)
 4 Apr 1859 - 1862         Karl Theodor Seydel                (b. 1812 - d. 1873)
May 1862 - Jun 1863        Johann Hermann von Graaf (1st time)(b. 1811 - d. 1891)
                             (acting)
 
1 Jul 1863 - Sep 1874     Robert Ludwig Werner von Blumenthal(b. 1803 - d. 1892)
27 Jun 1866 -  6 Aug 1866  Graf Leutrum (Württemberg)
                             (German federal commissioner)
26 Oct 1874 - 30 Apr 1887  Johann Hermann von Graaf (2nd time)(s.a.)

                            
(acting to 15 Dec 1874)
 6 May 1887 - 12 Dec 1893  Adolf Wilhelm Gustav Freiherr    
 (b. 1833 - d. 1893)
                             Frank von Fürstenwerth
12 Dec 1893 - 20 Apr 1894  .... (acting)
20 Apr 1894 -  1 Mar 1898  Franz Albert Maria von Schwartz    (b. 1839 - d. 1907)

 4 Mar 1898 - 16 Oct 1899  Karl Friedrich von Oertzen         (b. 1844 - d. 1914)
14 Nov 1899 - 30 Sep 1919  Maria Franz Leopold August Petrus  (b. 1852 - d. 1928)

                             Hubertus Xaverius Graf von Bühl  (b. 1860 - d. 1930)  Z
 1 Oct 1919 - 30 Apr 1926  Emil Belzer                        (b. 1860 - d. 1930)  Z
 1 May 1926 - 31 Aug 1931  Alfons Scherer                     (b. 1885 - d. 1964)
 1 Sep 1931 - Feb 1933     Heinrich Brand                     (b. 1887 - d. 1971)  Z
27 Feb 1933 - 31 Jul 1939  Carl Alfred Simons                 (b. 1877 - d. 1960)  NSDAP
 1 Aug 1940 - 31 Jul 1941  Hermann Darsen                     (b. 1892 - d. 1941)  NSDAP
 1 Aug 1941 - 30 Jan 1942  Hans Piesbergen                    (b. 1891 - d. 1970)  NSDAP
30 Jan 1942 - Apr 1945     Wilhelm Dreher (acting)            (b. 1892 - d. 1969)  NSDAP

Vorsitzenden des Landesausschusses
1874 - 1899                August Evelt                       (b. 1828 - d. 1904)  Non-party
1899 - 1918                Wilhelm Hulsemann                  (b. 1853 - d. 1932)  Non-party
1918 - 1919                Emil Belzer (acting to 1919)       (b. 1860 - d. 1930)  Z
1919 - 1922                Camillo Brandhuber                 (b. 1860 - d. 1931)  Z            
1922 - 1933                Karl Vogel                         (b. 1879 - d. 1968)  Z
1933 - 31 Dec 1933         Karl Maier                         (b. 1898 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
Hohenzollerischer Landesdirektor
1934 - 1943                Karl Maier
                         (s.a.)               NSDAP



Sachsen (Saxony)
 
[Sachsen -
                          Saxony Province 1882-1884 (Prussia, Germany)]
16 Mar 1882 - 9 Nov 1884
[Sachsen-Saxony
                          Province 1884-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
9 Nov 1884 - 15 Sep 1935

 5 Jun 1815                Prussian administration (formerly part of Kingdom of Saxony).
 1 Apr 1816                Province of Sachsen (Saxony).
 1 Jul 1944                Divided into Magdeburg and Halle-Merseburg provinces.
 
9 Jul 1945                Magdeburg and Halle-Merseburg and State of Anhalt merged
                             into the province of Sachsen-Anhalt
(see German states).

Governor-general
 5 Jun 1815 - 21 Jun 1815  Eberhard Friedrich Christoph       (b. 1744 - d. 1826)
                             Ludwig Freiherr von der Recke
Civil governor
21 Jun 1815 - 31 Mar 1816  Wilhelm Anton von Klewitz          (b. 1760 - d. 1838)
Oberpräsidenten
 1 Apr 1816 - 1821         Friedrich Wilhelm August Werner    (b. 1762 - d. 1827) 
                             von Bülow
1821 - 1825                Friedrich Christian Adolf von Motz (b. 1775 - d. 1830)
                             (acting to 1824) 
1825 - 1837                Wilhelm Anton von Klewitz          (s.a.)
1837 - 1840                Anton Graf zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (b. 1785 - d. 1854)
                             (acting to 1838)
1840 - 1844                Eduard Heinrich von Flottwell      (b. 1786 - d. 1865)

1844 - 1845                Wilhelm Felix Heinrich Magnus      (b. 1801 - d. 1866)
                             von Wedell 
1845 - 1850                Gustav Carl Gisbert Heinrich       (b. 1797 - d. 1878)
                             Wilhelm Gebhard von Bonin 
1850 - 1872                Hartmann Erasmus von Witzleben     (b. 1805 - d. 1878)
1873 - 1881                Erasmus Robert Freiherr von Patow  (b. 1804 - d. 1890)
1881 - 1890                Arthur Paul Ferdinand von Wolff    (b. 1828 - d. 1898)
1890 - 1897                Albert Reinhold von Pommer-Esche   (b. 1837 - d. 1903)
1898 - 1906                Karl Heinrich von Boetticher       (b. 1833 - d. 1907)
1906 - 1908                Adolf Wilhelm Kurt Freiherr von    (b. 1850 - d. 1941)
                             Wilmowski 
1908 - 1917                Eduard Wilhelm von Hegel           (b. 1849 - d. 1925)
1917 -  1 Jul 1919         Rudolf Wilhelm Graf von der        (b. 1860 - d. 1930)
                             Schulenburg
23 Feb 1920 - 1927         Friedrich Otto Hörsing             (b. 1874 - d. 1937)  SPD
1927 - 1930                Heinrich Waentig                   (b. 1870 - d. 1943)  SPD
Jun 1930 - 21 Jul 1932     Carl Falck                         (b. 1884 - d. 1947)  DDP
1933                       Kurt Melcher                       (b. 1881 - d. 1970)  DVP
1933 - 20 Jun 1934         Friedrich Carl Ludwig von Velsen   (b. 1871 - d. 1953)  DNVP
                             (acting)
1934 -  1 Jul 1944         Kurt Albert Paul von Ulrich        (b. 1876 - d. 1946)  NSDAP
 1 Jul 1944 - 1945         divided into Halle-Merseburg and Magdeburg
1945 - 23 Jul 1945         Erhard Hübener (acting)            (b. 1881 - d. 1958)  LDPD

Landeshauptmänner (to 1900, Landesdirektor)
1876 - 1900                Wilko Levin Graf von Wintzingerode(b. 1833 - d. 1907)
1900 - 25 Dec 1907         Ludwig Bartels                    (b. 1846 - d. 1907)
1908 - 1921                Adolf Wilhelm Kurt Freiherr von   (b. 1850 - d. 1941)
                             Wilmowsky
1921 - 1924                Rudolf Oeser                      (b. 1858 - d. 1926)  DDP
1924 - 1933                Erhard Hübener                    (s.a.)               DDP
1933 - 1945                Kurt Otto                         (b. 1887 - d. 1947)  NSDAP


Magdeburg

Oberpräsident
 1 Jul 1944 - Apr 1945     Rudolf Jordan                     (b. 1902 - d. 1988)  NSDAP


Halle-Merseburg

Oberpräsident
 1 Jul 1944 - 15 Apr 1945  Joachim Albrecht Eggeling         (b. 1884 - d. 1945)  NSDAP



Schlesien (Silesia)
[Schlesien -
                          Silesia province 1882-1919 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 14 Oct 1919

Jan 1741                   Austrian Schlesien (Silesia) occupied by Prussia.
11 Jun 1742                Majority of Silesia is annexed by Prussia from Austria (except
                            
Jägerndorf, Troppau, and Neisse which remain with Austria)
                           
(confirmed by the Treaty of Berlin on 28 Jul 1742, Treaty of
                             Dresden
25 Dec 1745, and Treaty of Hubertusburg 15 Feb 1763),
                             the king of Prussia styled "Supreme Duke of Silesia and of
                             County of Glatz" (before 1742 see under Bohemian Crown Lands).

1742 - 1808                Divided into two chamber districts (Breslau, Glogau), replaced in
                             1808 by two regierungsbezirke.
Nov 1757 – Dec 1757        Breslau briefly occupied by Austrians under Soloman Sprecher von
                             Bernegg (b. 1697 – d. 1758).
Dec 1806 -  1 Oct 1807     Occupied by France (Breslau from Jan 1807), except the south-
                             eastern part (the French troops withdrew by Nov 1808, except
                             Glogau).
Mar 1813 – 17 Apr 1814     French troops in Glogau under siege by Prussians and Russians.
30 Apr 1815                Province of Silesia formally organized (effective in 1816).
14 Oct 1919                Partitioned into
provinces of Oberschlesien (Upper Silesia) and
                             Niederschlesien (Lower Silesia) provinces.

 1 Apr 1938                Re-united into one province.
26 Oct 1939                Former Polish
Śląskie voivodship annexed.
27 Jan 1941                Divided again.

Directing ministers of Silesian Provincial Ministry (in Breslau)
17 Mar 1742 - Sep 1753     Ludwig Wilhelm Graf von Münchow    (b. 1712 - d. 1753)
Oct 1753 - 1755            Joachim Ewald von Massow           (b. 1697 - d. 1769)
Sep 1755 - Dec 1769        Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorff   (b. 1719 - d. 1769)
Dec 1769 - 31 Aug 1807     Karl Georg Heinrich Graf von Hoym  (b. 1739 - d. 1807)
                             (ceased activities in late 1806)
Governors-general
Nov 1806 - Mar 1807        Friedrich Ferdinand Herzog von     (b. 1769 - d. 1830)
                             Anhalt-Köthen-Pless
Mar 1807 - Jul 1807        Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Goetzen (b. 1767 - d. 1820)
 1 Aug 1807 - Mar 1812     Julius August von Grawert          (b. 1746 - d. 1821)
24 Mar 1812 - Mar 1813     Friedrich Adolf Graf von Kalckreuth(b. 1737 - d. 1818)
French Governors of Glogau (from Jan 1807, subject to governor-general of Silesia)
 4 Dec 1806 - 12 Dec 1806  Dominique Joseph René Vandamme     (b. 1770 - d. 1830)
12 Dec 1806 - 27 Aug 1808  Nicolas Grégoire Aulmont de        (b. 1746 - d. 1831)
                             Verrières
French Governor-general of Silesia
25 Jan 1807 - 22 Nov 1808  Jean-Baptiste Louis Philippe de    (b. 1751 - d. 1820)
                             Félix, comte du Muy

General-Zivilkommissar
31 Aug 1807 -  6 Dec 1808  Ewald Georg von Massow             (b. 1754 - d. 1820)
Oberpräsident (from Oct 1811, Oberlandeshauptmann)(civil commissioner of central government)
Dec 1808 - Mar 1813        Ewald Georg von Massow             (s.a.)
                             (position abolished Nov 1810 - Oct 1811)
French Governor of Glogau
 8 Jul 1812 - 17 Apr 1814  Jean Grégoire Barthélemy Rouger    (b. 1765 - d. 1837)
                             de Laplane
Military governors
20 Mar 1813 - Jun 1813     Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Goetzen (s.a.)
Jun 1813 - Aug 1813        August Wilhelm Antonius Neidhardt  (b. 1760 - d. 1831)
                             von Gneisenau 
Aug 1813 - Jun 1814        Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von     (b. 1765 - d. 1823)
                             Gaudi

Civil governors

Mar 1813 - Jun 1813        Karl Sigmund Franz Freiherr vom    (b. 1770 - d. 1840)
                             Stein zum Altenstein
Jun 1813 - Jun 1814        Friedrich Theodor Merckel          (b. 1775 - d. 1846)
Oberpräsidenten
1814 – 1816                the Regierungspräsidenten of Breslau
                           and Liegnitz (acting)
 1 Apr 1816 - 1820         Friedrich Theodor Merckel          (s.a.)

                             (1st time)(appointed in 1815) 
1820 - 1824                Carl Gottlieb Richter (acting)     (b. 1770 - d. 1847)
1824 - 1825                Moritz Haubold Freiherr von        (b. 1770 - d. 1860)
                             Schönberg
1825 - 10 Jul 1825         Ludwig Friedrich Viktor Hans Graf  (b. 1774 - d. 1825)
                             von Bülow 
1825 - 16 May 1845         Friedrich Theodor (from 1828, von) (s.a.)
                             Merckel (2nd time) 
1845 - 1848                Wilhelm Felix Heinrich Magnus von  (b. 1801 - d. 1866)
                             Wedell 
30 Mar 1848 - 20 Nov 1848  Julius Hermann Pinder              (b. 1805 - d. 1867)
1848                       Hans Ludwig David Julius Theodor   (b. 1805 - d. 1865)
                             Florian Graf Yorck von Wartenburg
                             (acting)
1848 -  4 Jun 1869         Johann Eduard Christoph Freiherr   (b. 1798 - d. 1869)
                             von Schleinitz
1869 -  8 Aug 1872         Eberhard Graf zu Stolberg-         (b. 1810 - d. 1872)  Con
                             Wernigerode
1873 - 1874                Ferdinand Otto Freiherr von        (b. 1816 - d. 1901)  Con
                             Nordenflycht
1874 - 1877                Adolf Graf von Arnim-Boitzenburg   (b. 1832 - d. 1887)
1877 - 1879                Robert Victor von Puttkamer        (b. 1828 - d. 1900)  DKP
1879 - 1894                Otto Theodor von Seydewitz         (b. 1818 - d. 1898)  Con
1894 - 1903                Hermann Fürst von Hatzfeldt-       (b. 1848 - d. 1933)  FKP
                             Trachenberg 
1903 - 1909                Robert Graf von Zedlitz-           (b. 1837 - d. 1914)
                             Trachenberg 
1910                       Johann Nikolaus Michael Louis von  (b. 1855 - d. 1919)  Con
                             Dallwitz
1910 - 31 Mar 1919         Hans Lauchlan von Guenther         (b. 1864 - d. 1934)
 8 Apr 1919 - 14 Oct 1919  Felix Philipp                      (b. 1868 - d. 1933)  SPD
14 Oct 1919 -  1 Apr 1938  province of Schlesien divided
 1 Apr 1938 - 27 Feb 1941  Josef Wagner                       (b. 1899 - d. 1945)  NSDAP

Präsidenten der Kriegs- und Domänenkammern Breslau and Glogau
Oct 1741 - 17 Mar 1742     Ludwig Wilhelm Graf von Münchow    (s.a.)
                             (in Glogau)
                           + Carl Franz von Reinhard          (b. 1687 - d. 1765)
                             (in Breslau)
1742 - 1808                the directing ministers of Silesia       
1798 - 1808                Carl Wilhelm von Bismarck          (b. 1740 - d. 1812)
                             (vice-president in Breslau)   
1798 - 1808                Ewald Georg von Massow             (s.a.)
                             (vice-president in Glogau)
French Intendant of Breslau Department
(from Jan 1808, subject to administrator-general of Silesia)
Dec 1806 -  1 Oct 1807     Jules Jean-Baptiste, baron Anglès  (b. 1778 - d. 1828)
French Intendant of Glogau Department
(from Jan 1808, subject to administrator-general of Silesia)
Dec 1806 - 1807            Claude Étienne Chaillou des Barres (b. 1784 - d. 1857)
French Administrator-general of Finances and Domains of Silesia
18 Jan 1807 - 22 Nov 1808  François Victor Jean, baron        (b. 1772 - d. 1848)
                             de Lespérut
Regierungspräsidenten of Breslau (to 1809, Breslau and Glogau)
1808 - 1813                Ewald Georg von Massow             (s.a.)
1813 - 1820                Friedrich Theodor Merckel          (s.a.)
Regierungspräsident of Liegnitz
1809 - 1816                Friedrich August von Erdmannsdorf  (b. 1772 - d. 1827)

Landeshauptmänner (to 1896, Landesdirektor)
1876 - 1877                Karl Graf von Pückler              (b. 1817 - d. 1899)  Con
1877 - 1885                Maximilian von Uthmann             (b. 1822 - d. 1885)
1885 - 1894                Wilhelm von Klitzing               (b. 1828 - d. 1894)
1895 - 1900                Konrad von Roeder                  (b. 1833 - d. 1900)
1900 - 1915                Hermann Freiherr von Richthofen    (b. 1860 - d. 1915)
1915 - 1916                Leo von Busse                      (b. 1876 - d. 1916)
1916 - 1924                Georg von Thaer                    (b. 1872 - d. 1946)
1924 - 1938                province of Schlesien divided
1938 - 1941                Josef Adams                        (b. 1901 - d. 1971)  NSDAP


Niederschlesien (Lower Silesia)
[Niederschlesien - Silesia province
                          1920-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
1920 - 15 Sep 1935

14 Oct 1919                Established by partition of Schlesien (Lower Silesia).
 1 Apr 1938 - 27 Jan 1941  Part of Schlesien province.   
 6 May 1945                Breslau surrendered to Soviet forces.
 2 Aug 1945                Part of Poland, except for the parts west of the Neisse River,
                             (actually transferred in 9 May 1945).

Oberpräsidenten
14 Oct 1919 - 25 May 1920  Felix Philipp                      (b. 1868 - d. 1933)  SPD
1920 - 1928                Hermann Zimmer                     (b. 1867 - d. 1928)  SPD
 1 Sep 1928 - 1932         Hermann Lüdemann                   (b. 1880 - d. 1959)  SPD
Oct 1932 - Mar 1933        Friedrich Graf von Degenfeld-      (b. 1878 - d. 1969)  DNVP
                             Schonburg 
14 Jun 1933 - 26 Dec 1934  Helmuth Brückner                   (b. 1896 - d. 1951?) NSDAP
                             (acting to 2 Aug 1933)
26 Dec 1934 -  1 Apr 1938  Josef Wagner                       (b. 1899 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
 1 Apr 1938 - 27 Jan 1941  part of Schlesien   
27 Jan 1941 -  5 May 1945  Karl Hanke                         (b. 1903 - d. 1945)  NSDAP

Landeshauptmänner
1924 - 1933                Georg von Thaer                    (b. 1872 - d. 1946)
1933 - 1934                Hans Fridrich                      (b. 1884 - d. 1947)  NSDAP
1934 - 1938                Walther von Boeckmann              (b. 1888 - d. 1970)  NSDAP
1938 - 1941                part of Schlesien  
1941 - 1945                Josef Adams                        (b. 1901 - d. 1971)  NSDAP


Oberschlesien (Upper Silesia)
[Oberschlesien
                          (Upper Silesia) province 1926-1935 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
1 Jul 1926 - 15 Sep 1935

14 Oct 1919                Oberschlesien (Upper Silesia) established by partition of Schlesien.
 4 Feb 1920                Hlučín (Hultschin) taken over by Czechoslovakia (ceded by treaty
                             10 Jan 1920, delimitation completed 16 Mar 1923).
12 Feb 1920 - 1921         Oberschlesien conditionally separated from Prussia and

                             placed under the authority of an international commission.
20 Oct 1921                Eastern parts of
Oberschlesien ceded to Poland.
 
1 Apr 1938 - 27 Jan 1941  Part of Schlesien province.  
 1 Oct 1938 - May 1945     Hultschin (Hlučín) re-annexed by Germany.
15 Mar 1945                Soviet occupation of Oppeln.
 2 Aug 1945                Incorporated into
Poland (actually transferred in 24 Mar 1945).

Oberpräsidenten
 8 Nov 1919 - 1922         Joseph Bitta (acting)              (b. 1856 - d. 1932)  Z
1923 - 1929                Alfons Proske                      (b. 1881 - d. 1950)  Z
1929 - 19 May 1933         Hans Lukaschek                     (b. 1885 - d. 1960)  Z
14 Jun 1933 - 26 Dec 1934  Helmuth Brückner                   (b. 1896 - d. 1951?) NSDAP
                             (acting to 2 Aug 1933)
26 Dec 1934 -  1 Apr 1938  Josef Wagner                       (b. 1899 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
 1 Apr 1938 - 27 Jan 1941  part of Schlesien   
27 Jan 1941 - 1945         Fritz Bracht                       (b. 1899 - d. 1945)  NSDAP

Landeshauptmänner
1924 - 1930                Hans Piontek                       (b. 1876 - d. 1930)  Z

1930 - 1933                Theophil Woschek                   (b. 1888 - d. 1952)
1933 - 1938                Josef Adamczyk                     (b. 1901 - d. 1971)  NSDAP
1938 - 1941                part of Schlesien
1941                       Josef Adams (acting)               (b. 1901 - d. 1971)  NSDAP
1941 - 1945                Georg Kate                         (b. 1905 - d. 19..)  NSDAP

Chairman of the Inter-Allied Commission of Government and Plebiscite for Upper Silesia
12 Feb 1920 - 1921         Henri Louis Édouard Le Rond        (b. 1864 - d. 1949)
                             (France)

Reichskommissar (Imperial Commissioner)
1919                       Karl Johann Ferdinand Budding      (b. 1870 - d. 1945)
Reichskommissar (Imperial Commissioner) for Upper Silesia and Posen
 6 Apr 1919 - Jan 1920     Friedrich Otto Hörsing             (b. 1874 - d. 1937)  SPD
Reichskommissar for the Plebiscite in Upper Silesia
1920 - 1922                Kurt Urbanek                       (b. 1884 - d. 1973)



Schleswig-Holstein

[Schleswig-Holstein 1867-1935 unofficial
                          flag (Prussia, Germany)]
1867 - 15 Sep 1935 (unofficial)
[Schleswig-Holstein Province unofficial
                          1867-1935 (Prussia, Germany)]
1867 - 15 Sep 1935 (unofficial)

30 Oct 1864                Schleswig and Holstein ceded to Austria and Prussia by Denmark.

23 Aug 1866
                Annexed to Prussia.
 
1 Jul 1876                Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg is integrated into the province of
                             Schleswig-Holstein.
28 Jun 1919                
Schleswig conditionally separated from Prussia by Treaty of
                             Versailles; placed under authority of an international
                             commission.
10 Feb 1920                Northern Schleswig votes 74.2% for re-unification with Denmark.
14 Mar 1920                Central Schleswig votes 80.2% to remain part of Germany.
15 Jun 1920                Northern Schleswig is restored to Denmark.
23 Aug 1946                Organized as a state (see under German states).

Civil Commissioners for Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg
 7 Dec 1864 - 15 Sep 1865  Konstantin Freiherr von Zedlitz-   (b. 1821 - d. 1889)
                             Neukirch (Prussia)
 7 Dec 1864 - 23 Dec 1864  Carl Ramon Soter Freiherr von      (b. 1817 - d. 1890)
                             Lederer (Austria)
23 Dec 1864 - 15 Sep 1865  Anton Halbhuber Freiherr von       (b. 1809 - d. 1886)
                             Festwill (Austria)
Governor for Schleswig
15 Sep 1865 - 15 Jun 1866  Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel      (b. 1809 - d. 1885)
                             (Prussia)
President of the Schleswig government
15 Jun 1866 -  1 Oct 1868  Konstantin Freiherr von Zedlitz-   (s.a.)
                             Neukirch (Prussia)
Governor for Holstein

15 Sep 1865 - 12 Jun 1866  Ludwig Karl Wilhelm Freiherr von   (b. 1814 - d. 1874)
                             Gablenz (Austria)
Oberpräsident
12 Jun 1866 - 1879         Carl Theodor August Freiherr von   (b. 1811 - d. 1892)
                             Scheel-Plessen
1879 - 1880                Carl Heinrich von Boetticher       (b. 1833 - d. 1907)
1880 - 1896                Georg Franz Maximilian             (b. 1830 - d. 1901)
                             (from 1888, von) Steinmann 
1897 - 1901                Ernst Matthias von Köller          (b. 1841 - d. 1928)
1901 - 1906                Adolf Wilhelm Kurt Freiherr von    (b. 1850 - d. 1941)
                             Wilmowski
1906 - 1907                Kurt Ludwig Karl von Dewitz        (b. 1847 - d. 1925)
1907 - 1914                Detlev Wilhelm Theodor von Bülow   (b. 1854 - d. 1926)
1914 - 31 Dec 1918         Friedrich Ludwig Elisa von Moltke  (b. 1852 - d. 1927)
10 Mar 1919 - 21 Jul 1932  Heinrich Kürbis                    (b. 1873 - d. 1951)  SPD
Oct 1932 - 25 Mar 1933     Heinrich Thon                      (b. 1872 - d. 1939)  DDP
25 Mar 1933 - May 1945     Heinrich Lohse                     (b. 1896 - d. 1964)  NSDAP

Landeshauptmänner (to 1902, Landesdirektor)
1872 - 1895                Wilhelm von Ahlefeldt              (b. 1818 - d. 1897)
1895 - 1907                Hermann von Graba                  (b. 1833 - d. 1908)
1907 - 1923                Karl Graf von Platen-Hallermund    (b. 1857 - d. 1922)
1923 - 1932                Reinhard Pahlke                    (b. 1886 - d. 1937)
1932 - 1938                Otto Röer                          (b. 1881 - d. 1957)
1938 - 1945                Wilhelm Schow                      (b. 1881 - d. 19..)  NSDAP

Chairman of the Inter-Allied Commission of Government and Plebiscite for Schleswig 
 8 Aug 1919 - 16 Jun 1920  Sir Charles Murray Marling (U.K.)  (b. 1862 - d. 1933)

Reichskommissar (Imperial Commissioner) of Province of Schleswig-Holstein
in the Schleswig-Holstein Voting Area
May 1919 - Apr 1920        Carl Heinrich Adolf Köster         (b. 1883 - d. 1930)  SPD


Wartheland (1939-45): see under German states after 1918
Westmark (1941-45): see under Saarland

Westfalen (Westphalia)

[Westfalen -
                          Westphalia province 1882-1884 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
16 Mar 1882 - 9 Nov 1884
[Westfalen -
                          Westphalia province 1884-1935 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 15 Sep 1935

19 Nov 1813                Military Government for the land between the Weser and the Rhine
                             (Militärgouvernement für das Land zwischen Weser und dem Rhein).
1814                       General Government between the Weser and the Rhine
                             (
Generalgouvernement zwischen Weser und Rhein).
 1 Aug 1816                Prussian province of Westfalen (Westphalia).

23 Aug 1946                Part of Nordrhein-Westfalen (see under German states).

Allied (Prussian) Military Governor
Nov 1813 - 1815            Levin Karl von Heister             (b. 1757 - d. 1816)
Allied (Prussian) Commissioner

Nov 1813 - 19 Nov 1813     Ludwig Friedrich Wilhelm Philipp   (b. 1774 - d. 1844)
                             Freiherr von Vincke
Civil governor
19 Nov 1813 - 31 Jul 1816  Ludwig Friedrich Wilhelm Philipp   (s.a.)
                             Vincke 
Oberpräsidenten
 1 Aug 1816 -  2 Dec 1844  Ludwig Friedrich Wilhelm Philipp   (s.a.)
                             (from 1837, Freiherr von) Vincke 
 2 Dec 1844 - 27 May 1845  Justus Wilhelm Duvignon (acting)   (b. 1793 - d. 1866)
27 May 1845 - 15 Jul 1846  Justus Wilhelm Eduard von Schaper  (b. 1792 - d. 1868)
15 Jul 1846 - 21 Jul 1850  Eduard Heinrich Flottwell          (b. 1786 - d. 1865)
21 Jul 1850 -  8 May 1871  Franz Gerhard Xaver von Duesberg   (b. 1793 - d. 1872)
 8 May 1871 -  2 Jun 1871  Franz Otto Gustav Albert von
                             Manderode (acting)               (b. 1805 - d. 1871)
 2 Jun 1871 -  2 Dec 1882  Friedrich Christian Hubert von
                             Kühlwetter                       (b. 1809 - d. 1882)
 2 Dec 1882 - 23 Jul 1883  August Julius Wilhelm von
                             Liebermann (acting)              (b. 1826 - d. 1902)
23 Jul 1883 - 29 May 1889  Robert Eduard von Hagemeister      (b. 1827 - d. 1902)
29 May 1889 -  2 Apr 1899  Heinrich Konrad Studt              (b. 1838 - d. 1921)
 2 Apr 1899 - 16 Sep 1899  Alfred Klemens Karl Maria von
                             Gescher (acting)                 (b. 1844 - d. 1932)
16 Sep 1899 - 16 Feb 1911  Gustav Wilhelm Eberhard Freiherr
                             von der Recke von der Horst      (b. 1847 - d. 1911)
16 Feb 1911 - 13 Mar 1911  Ladislaus von Jarotzky (acting)    (b. 1858 - d. 1928)
13 Mar 1911 -  3 May 1919  Karl Egon zu Hohenlohe-            (b. 1860 - d. 1931)
                             Schillingsfürst
                            (Prinz von Ratibor und Corvey
)               
 3 May 1919 - 1919         Felix Friedrich Graf von Merveldt  (b. 1862 - d. 1926)  DNVP
                             (1st time) (acting) 
1919 - 31 Mar 1922         Bernhard Friedrich von Wuermeling  (b. 1854 - d. 1937)  Z
31 Mar 1922 - 28 Apr 1922  Felix Friedrich Graf von Merveldt  (s.a.)               DNVP
                             (2nd time) (acting) 
28 Apr 1922 - 31 Mar 1933  Johannes Franz Gronowski           (b. 1874 - d. 1958)  Z
31 Mar 1933 - 1933         Hermann Pünder (acting)            (b. 1888 - d. 1976)  Z
1933 - 1938                Ferdinand Joseph Meinolph Anton    (b. 1888 - d. 1944)  DNVP
                             Maria Freiherr von Lüninck  
1938 - Apr 1945            Alfred Meyer                       (b. 1891 - d. 1945)  NSDAP

Landeshauptmänner (to 1889, Landesdirektor)
1886 - 1900                August Overweg                     (b. 1836 - d. 1909)
1900 - 1905                Ludwig August Hugo Holle           (b. 1855 - d. 1909)
1905 - 1920                Wilhelm Hammerschmidt              (b. 1859 - d. 1924)
1920 - 1933                Franz Dieckmann                    (b. 1875 - d. 1944)  Z
1933 - 1944                Karl-Friedrich Kolbow              (b. 1899 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
1944                       Theodor Fründt                     (b. 1897 - d. 1984)  NSDAP
1944 - 1945                Hans von Helms                     (b. 1889 - d. 1980)  NSDAP



Westpreussen (West Prussia)
[Westpreussen -
                          West Prussia province 1882-1920 (Prussia,
                          Germany)]
22 Oct 1882 - 10 Jan 1920

  5 Aug 1772                West Prussia (former Royal Prussia [see under Poland]) annexed
                             by Prussia in the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian
                             Commonwealth (taken over 13 Sep 1772).

31 Jan 1773                Province of Westpreussen (West Prussia) created (confirmed in 1815),
                             a single chamber district to 1808 (a single regierungsbezirk
                            
1808-1815).
Apr 1793                   Cities of Danzig and Thorn added (lost 1807-1815).
Dec 1806 – Nov 1807        Occupied by France (Graudenz surrenders Jul 1807), French withdrew
                             by 1808.
Jan 1813 - 1813            Occupied by Russia.
 3 Dec 1829 -  1 Apr 1878  Danzig-Westpreussen united with Ostpreussen as Preussen (Prussia).
10 Jan 1920                Formally incorporated into Poland (under the Treaty of Versailles
                             of 28 Jun 1919). 
10 Jan 1920 - 16 Aug 1920  District of Marienwerder under Allied control.
 1 Sep 1939                Re-incorporated into Germany (but not in Prussia) as Reichsgau
                             Danzig-Westpreussen
(from 26 Oct 1939 see under Danzig).
 2 Apr 1945                Restored to Poland.


Directing ministers
(in Berlin, from 1806 in Königsberg)
1772 - Dec 1808            the 
Directing ministers for Ostpreussen
Oberpräsidenten
(local commissioners of central government)
1772 – Nov 1810            the Oberpräsidenten of Ostpreussen
Governors-General of West Prussia (in Graudenz)
Dec 1806 - Jul 1807        the governors-general of
Ostpreussen
 1 Aug 1807 - Jul 1811     Guillaume "Wilhelm" René de        (b. 1733 - d. 1811)
                             l'Homme, seigneur de Courbière
Jul 1811 - Nov 1811        Hans David Ludwig von Yorck        (b. 1759 - d. 1830)
1811 - 1814                the governors-general/military governors
                           and civil governors of Ostpreussen

French Governors of Thorn
Dec 1806 - Feb 1807        Jean-François Leval (1st time)     (b. 1762 - d. 1834)
Feb 1807 - May 1807        Jean Rapp                          (b. 1771 - d. 1821)
May 1807 - Nov 1807        Jean-François Leval (2nd time)     (s.a.)
Oberpräsidenten
1814 – 1816                the Regierungspräsident of
                           Westpreussen (acting)
 1 Apr 1816 -  3 Dec 1829  Theodor Heinrich von Schön         (b. 1773 - d. 1856)
                             (appointed in 1815)
 3 Dec 1829 -  1 Apr 1878  united with Ostpreussen
 1 Apr 1878 - 1879         Heinrich Karl Julius von Achenbach (b. 1829 - d. 1899)  DRP
1879 - 1888                Karl Adolf August Ernst von        (b. 1827 - d. 1894)
                             Ernsthausen
1888 - 22 Apr 1891         Adolf Hilmar von Leipziger         (b. 1825 - d. 1891)
23 Apr 1891 -  1 Aug 1891  Friedrich Heinrich Ehrenreich Hans (b. 1841 - d. 1921)
                             von Holwede (acting)
 1 Aug 1891 - 29 Sep 1902  Gustav Heinrich Konrad von Gossler (b. 1838 - d. 1902)  DKP
29 Sep 1902 - 15 Oct 1902  Jaroslaw von Jarotzky (acting)     (b. 1851 - d. 1928)
15 Oct 1902 - 1905         Clemens Gottlieb Ernst von         (b. 1856 - d. 1921)
                             Delbrück
18 Oct 1905 - 15 May 1919  Ernst Ludwig von Jagow             (b. 1853 - d. 1930)
May 1919 - Aug 1919        Bernhard Schnackenburg             (b. 1867 - d. 1924)  DDP
Reichskommissar (Imperial Commissioner) for West Prussia 
Jan 1919 - 10 Jan 1920     August Winnig                      (b. 1878 - d. 1956)  SPD
Military governors
 1 Sep 1939 - 14 Sep 1939  Günther Adolf Ferdinand "Hans" von (b. 1882 - d. 1944)  Mil
                             Kluge
14 Sep 1939 - 25 Oct 1939  Walter Heitz                       (b. 1878 - d. 1944)  Mil

Kammerpräsidenten Westpreussen zu Marienwerder
13 Nov 1772 -  8 Jun 1773  Klaus Bertram von Below            (b. 1728 - d. 1779)
Jul 1774 - Jun 1780        Carl Gottlieb Vorhoff              (b. 1732 - d. 1784)
30 Jun 1780 – Sep 1786     Ernst Wilhelm Benjamin von         (b. 1744 - d. 1802)
                             Korckwitz (1st time)
Sep 1786 - Jul 1790        Ludwig Friedrich von Domhardt      (b. 1745 - d. 1821)
 6 Jul 1790 – 22 Jul 1790  Friedrich Ewald Ernst von Massow   (b. 1750 - d. 1791)
Apr 1791 – Mar 1797        Ernst Wilhelm Benjamin von         (s.a.)
                             Korckwitz (2nd time)     
Mar 1797 – Feb 1802        Hans Jakob von Auerswald           (b. 1757 - d. 1833)
Feb 1802 – Aug 1807        Karl Justus Freiherr von           (b. 1743 - d. 1810)
                             Buddenbrock 
Aug 1807 - Nov 1808        Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander      (b. 1771 - d. 1831)
                             Burggraf zu Dohna-Schlobitten
French Intendants of Marienwerder
Dec 1806 - 1807            Gondot
Oct 1807 - 1808            Goswin Joseph Augustin, baron de   (b. 1780 - d. 1854)
                             Stassart
Regierungspräsidenten der Westpreussen zu Marienwerder
Dec 1808 - Oct 1809        Johann Daniel von Broscovius       (b. 1745 - d. 1809)
Oct 1809 -  3 Dec 1810     Johann Christian von Würtz (acting)(b. 1746 - d. 1814)
 3 Dec 1810 – Mar 1813     Friedrich Ludwig von Wissmann      (b. 1770 - d. 1854)
Mar 1813 – Jun 1814        Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander      (s.a.)
                             Burggraf zu Dohna-Schlobitten   
1814 - 1823                Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel        (b. 1775 - d. 1843)

Landeshauptmänner (to 1896, Landesdirektor)
1878 - 1888                Hugo Conrad Ludwig Wehr            (b. 1844 - d. 19..)
1888 - 1898                Karl Franz Jaeckel (Jäckel)        (b. 1844 - d. 1898)  FKP       
1899 - 1910                Rudolf Hinze
1910 - 1919                Arnold Freiherr Senfft von Pilsach (b. 1859 - d. 1919)


Marienwerder

10 Jan 1920                Separated from West Prussia and German authorities withdrawn; 
                             under the Treaty of Versailles placed under the authority
                             of the Administration and Plebiscite Commission,
                             appointed by the Principal Allied and Associated Powers.
11 Jul 1920                In a plebiscite 92.3% of the inhabitants vote in favor
                             of Germany, 7.5% vote for Poland.
16 Aug 1920                Re-incorporated into Prussia/Germany, part of East Prussia
                             province.
 2 Apr 1945                Incorporated to Poland as Kwidzyn.

Chairman of the Inter-Allied Control Commission and the Plebiscite Commission
10 Jan 1920 - 16 Aug 1920  Angelo Pavia (Italy)               (b. 1858 - d. 1933)

Reichskommissare (Imperial Commissioners)
22 Dec 1919 - 1920         Hans Kutter                        (b. 1870 - d. 1929)
1920 - 16 Aug 1920         Theodor Christian Traugott Graf    (b. 1874 - d. 1950)
                             von Baudissin zu Neustadt






© Ben Cahoon