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Morocco
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Note: During the period covered by this record, there are
numerous "pretenders" being proclaimed rulers, in part because of the multiplicity
of historic capitals. Their names
appear here, with each one being indicated as "in rebellion."
Sultans¹
6 Jun 1666 - 9 Apr 1672 `Ali I ar-Rashid
(b. 1631 - d. 1672)
(actually from 3 Aug 1664)
Apr 1672
Muhammad I
14 Apr 1672 - 22 Mar 1727 Abu´n Nasr Isma`il "as-Samin"
(b. 1645/46 - d. 1727)
(in rebellion from 27 Mar 1672)
1672 - 1684
al-Harrani ibn Muhammad ash-Sharif
(in rebellion)
1672 - 1684
Abu´l Abbas Ahmad I ibn Mahraz
(in rebellion)
22 Mar 1727 - Apr 1728 Abu´l Abbas
Ahmad II "adh-Dhahabi"
(1st time)
(b. c.1677 - d. 1729)
Apr 1728 - Jun 1728 `Abd
al-Malik
Jun 1728 - 5 Mar 1729 Abu´l
Abbas Ahmad II "adh-Dhahabi"
(2nd time)
(s.a.)
5 Mar 1729 - 29 Sep 1734 `Abd Allah (1st time)
(b. 1694 - d. 1757)
29 Sep 1734 - 12 May 1736 Zayn al-`Abidin `Ali II "al-A`raj"
12 May 1736 - 1736
`Abd Allah (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1736 - 1738
Muhammad II "ibn al-`Arabiyya"
1738 - 1740
al-Mustadi (1st time)
(d. 1759)
1740 - 1745
`Abd Allah (3rd time)
(s.a.)
1745
al-Mustadi (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1745 - 1748
`Abd Allah (4th time)
(s.a.)
1748
Muhammad III "al-Khatib"
(b. c.1710 - d. 1790)
(1st time)
1748 - 8 Nov 1757
`Abd Allah (5th time)
(s.a.)
10 Nov 1757 - 11 Apr 1790 Muhammad III "al-Khatib"
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
10 Dec 1790 - Jan 1795 Hisham (1st time)
(d. 1799/1800)
(in Marrakush only)
15 Apr 1790 - 15 Feb 1792 Yazid (in Fas only)
(b. 1750 - d. 1792)
1790
`Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad
(in rebellion)
15 Feb 1792 - 28 Nov 1822 Abu´r-Rabi Sulayman
(b. 1760 - d. 1822)
(to Jan 1795 in Fas only)
1792 - 1799
Maslama ibn Muhammad
(in rebellion in northeast)
Oct 1795 - Mar 1797 Hisham
(2nd time) (in rebllion) (s.a.)
1805
Muhammad Darhazi
(in rebellion in Wazan)
1811 - 1816
Abu Bakr Amha'us
(Berber leader, in rebellion in central Atlas)
1819 - 15 Mar 1821
Ibrahim ibn Yazid
(in rebellion in Fas and Tatuan)
1820 - 1822
Sa`id (in rebellion)
1821
Sa`id ibn Yazid (in rebellion)
30 Nov 1822 - 28 Aug 1859 Abu al-Fadl `Abd ar-Rahman
(b. 1778 - d. 1859)
1822
`Abd as-Salam (in rebellion)
1832
Muhammad ibn Tayyib
(in rebellion in Fas)
28 Aug 1859 - 11 Sep 1873 Muhammad IV
(b. 1803 - d. 1873)
1859
`Abd ar-Rahman (in rebellion)
25 Sep 1873 - 7 Jun 1894 Hasan I
(b. 1827/28 - d. 1894)
1873
`Abd al-Kabir
(in rebellion in Miknasa)
8 Jun 1894
Muhammad (V)
(b. c.1875 - d. af.1909)
9 Jun 1894 - 4 Jan 1908 `Abd al-`Aziz
(b. 1878 - d. 1943)
3 Apr 1903 - 22 Aug 1909 Muhammad (V) (in rebellion
in Taza)(b. c.1865 - d. 1909)
5 May 1907 - 24 Nov 1907 `Abd al-Hafiz (1st time)
(b. 1875 - d. 1937)
(in rebellion)
4 Jan 1908 - 12 Aug 1912 `Abd al-Hafiz (2nd time)
(s.a.)
25 Apr 1911 - 1911
az-Za'in
(d. af.1926)
(in rebellion in Miknasa)
Apr 1911 - 1911
al-Kabir ibn `Abd al-`Aziz
(in rebellion)
1911
`Arafa ibn Muhammad (in rebellion)
18 Aug 1912 - 17 Nov 1927 Yusuf
(b. 1882 - d. 1927)
18 Aug 1912 - 6 Sep 1912 Ahmad al-Hayba (in rebellion)
18 Nov 1927 - 20 Aug 1953 Muhammad V (1st time)
(b. 1909 - d. 1961)
21 Aug 1953 - 15 Oct 1955 Muhammad (VI) ibn `Arafa
(b. 1889 - d. 1976)
15 Oct 1955 - 6 Nov 1955 Council of Throne
- Mohamed bin `Abd as-Salam
(b. 1854? - d. 1957)
al-Muqri (El Mokri)
- M'barek al-Bekkai
(b. 1907 - d. 1961)
- Tahar Ouassou Loudyi
(b. 1917)
- Mohamed Sbihi
(b. 1884 - d. 19..)
6 Nov 1955 - 14 Aug 1957 Muhammad V (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Kings¹
14 Aug 1957 - 26 Feb 1961 Muhammad V
(s.a.)
26 Feb 1961 - 23 Jul 1999 Hassan II
(b. 1929 - d. 1999)
23 Jul 1999 -
Muhammad VI
(b. 1963)
Grand Viziers
1792 - 18..
Mohamed bin 'Utman
1820 - 1822
Abu `Abd Allah Mohamed bin
(b. 1797 - d. 1877)
Ahmad Akansus
1822 - 1831
Abu `Abd Allah Mohamed bin Idris (b. c.1784 - d. 1847)
bin Mohamed al-Azamuri al'Amrani
al-Fasi (1st time)
1831 - 1835
....
1835 - 1847
Abu `Abd Allah Mohamed bin Idris (s.a.)
bin Mohamed al-Azamuri al'Amrani
al-Fasi (2nd time)
c.1848
al-Mukhtar al-Jama'i
1854 - 185.
Mohamed al-Saffar
1859 - 1878
Musas bin Ahmad
(d. 1878)
1879 - 1886
Mohamed bin al-Arbi al-Jama'i (d. 1886)
1886 - 10 Jul 1894
al Mati al-Jama'i
10 Jul 1894 - 17 May 1900 Sidi Ba Ahmad bin Musa
(b. 1841/42 - d. 1900)
May 1900 - Jul 1900 al-Muhtar
bin 'Abd Allah bin Hamid
1901 - 1906
Mohamed al-Mufaddal bin
Mohamed al-Garit (acting)
1906 - 1907
al-Amin al-Haji 'Umar Tazi
1907 - 1908
Mohamed bin `Abd as-Salam
(s.a.)
al-Muqri (1st time)
May 1908 - Dec 1908 `Abd
al-Karim bin Sulayman (d.
1908)
(acting)
Dec 1908 - 26 May 1911 al-Mandani al-Glawi
al-Fiqi
Dec 1911 - 1913
Mohamed bin Abd as-Salam
(s.a.)
al-Muqri (2nd time)
7 Nov 1913 - 1917
Sidi Mohamed bin Mohamed al-Gabbus
29 Aug 1917 - 19 Oct 1955 Muhammad bin Abd-Salam
(s.a.)
al-Muqri (3rd time)
19 Oct 1955 - 22 Nov 1955 Fatmi Ben Slimane Pasha
Prime ministers
7 Dec 1955 - 12 May 1958 M'barek Bekkai
(s.a.)
Non-party
12
May 1958 - 16 Dec 1958 Ahmed Balafrej
(b. 1908 - d. 1990) PI
16 Dec 1958 - 20 May 1960 Abdallah Ibrahim
(b. 1918 - d. 2005) PI/UNFP
20 May 1960 - 26 Feb 1961 Muhammad V
(s.a.)
Non-party
20 May 1961 - 13 Nov 1963 Hassan II (1st time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
13 Nov 1963 - 7 Jun 1965 Ahmed Bahnini
(b. 1909 - d. 1971) FDCI/PSD
7 Jun 1965 - 7 Jul 1967 Hassan II (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
7 Jul 1967 - 6 Oct 1969 Mohamed Benhima bin Taiyib
(b. 1924 - d. 1992) Non-party
6 Oct 1969 - 6 Aug 1971 Ahmed Laraki
(b. 1931)
Non-party
6 Aug 1971 - 2 Nov 1972 Mohamed Karim Lamrani
(1st time) (b. 1919)
Non-party
2 Nov 1972 - 22 Mar 1979 Ahmed Osman
(b. 1930)
RNI
22 Mar 1979 - 30 Nov 1983 Maati Bouabid
(b. 1927 - d. 1996) UC
30 Nov 1983 - 30 Sep 1986 Mohamed Karim Lamrani (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
30 Sep 1986 - 11 Aug 1992 Azzedine Laraki
(b. 1929)
Non-party
11 Aug 1992 - 25 May 1994 Mohamed Karim Lamrani (3rd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
25 May 1994 - 4 Feb 1998 Abdellatif Filali
(b. 1928 - d. 2009)
Non-party
4 Feb 1998 - 9 Oct 2002 Abderrahmane Youssoufi
(b. 1924)
USFP
9 Oct 2002 - 19 Sep 2007 Driss Jettou
(b. 1945)
Non-party
19 Sep 2007 -
Abbas El Fassi
(b. 1940) PI
¹The sultans and kings also held the title of Amir al-Mu´minin (Commander of the Faithful).
Territorial Disputes: Claims and administers Western Sahara whose sovereignty remains unresolved - UN-administered cease-fire has remained in effect since Sep 1991, but attempts to hold a referendum have failed and parties thus far have rejected all brokered proposals; Morocco protests Spain's control over the coastal enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, the islands of Penon de Alhucemas and Islas Chafarinas, and surrounding waters; discussions have not progressed on a comprehensive maritime delimitation, setting limits on resource exploration and refugee interdiction, since Morocco's 2002 rejection of Spain's unilateral designation of a median line from the Canary Islands; Morocco serves as one of the primary launching areas of illegal migration into Spain from North Africa.
Party abbreviations: MDS = Mouvement Démocratique
et Social (Democratic and Social Movement); MNP = Mouvement
Nationale Populaire (National Popular Movement, conservative); MP
= Mouvement Populaire (Popular Movement); PI = Parti d'Independence
"Istiqlal" (Independence Party, social-democratic); PSD = Parti Socialiste Démocratique (Democratic Socialist Party);
RNI = Rassemblement National des Indépendents (National Rally
of Independents); UC = Union Constitutionelle (Constitutional Union, liberal-conservative); USFP = Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires (Socialist
Union of Popular Forces, social-democratic, former UNFP);
- Former parties: FDIC = Front de Défense
des Institutions Constitutionnelles (Front for the Defense of Constitutional
Institutions, comprising MP, PSD, Constitutional Democratic Party); UNFP
= Union Nationale des Forces Populaires (National Union of Popular Forces,
est.1959, in 1975 became USFP)
French Morocco
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- 13 Mar 1919 - 18 Feb 1956 Civil Ensign
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4 Aug 1907 - 28 Apr 1912 Louis Hubert Lyautey (b. 1854 - d. 1934)
French Residents-general
28 Apr 1912 - 25 Aug 1925 Louis Hubert Lyautey (s.a.)
12 Dec 1916 - 7 Apr 1917 Henri Gouraud (b. 1879 - d. 1949)
(acting for Lyautey)
4 Oct 1925 - 1 Jan 1929 Théodore Steeg (b. 1868 - d. 1950)
2 Jan 1929 - 14 Sep 1933 Lucien Saint (b. 1867 - d. 1938)
14 Sep 1933 - 22 Mar 1936 Auguste Henri Ponsot (b. 1877 - d. 1963)
22 Mar 1936 - 16 Sep 1936 Marcel Peyrouton (b. 1887 - d. 1983)
16 Sep 1936 - 21 Jun 1943 Hippolyte Noguès (b. 1876 - d. 1971)
21 Jun 1943 - 4 Mar 1946 Gabriel Puaux (b. 1883 - d. 1970)
4 Mar 1946 - 14 May 1947 Eirik Labonne (b. 1888 - d. 1971)
14 May 1947 - 28 Aug 1951 Alphonse Pierre Juin (b. 1888 - d. 1967)
28 Aug 1951 - 20 May 1954 Augustin Léon Guillaume (b. 1895 - d. 1983)
20 May 1954 - 20 Jun 1955 Francis Lacoste (b. 1905 - d. 1993)
20 Jun 1955 - 31 Aug 1955 Gilbert Yves Édmond Grandval (b. 1904 - d. 1981)
31 Aug 1955 - 11 Nov 1955 Pierre Boyer de Latour (b. 1896 - d. 1976)
11 Nov 1955 - 2 Mar 1956 André Louis Dubois (b. 1903 - d. 1998)
Spanish Morocco
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![[Flag of Spanish Morocco 1937-1956 Merchant Flag]](ma_39s.gif)
- 7 Jan 1937 - 7 Apr 1956 Merchant Flag
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(from 29 Aug 1934 also governors-general of Spanish West Africa)
3 Apr 1913 - 15 Aug 1913 Felipe Alfau y Mendoza (b. 1845 - d. 1937)
17 Aug 1913 - 9 Jul 1915 José Marina Vega
9 Jul 1915 - 18 Nov 1918 Francisco Gómez Jordana (1st time) (b. 1876 - d. 1944)
27 Jan 1919 - 13 Jul 1922 Dámaso Berenguer y Fauste (b. 1873 - d. 1953)
15 Jul 1922 - 22 Jan 1923 Ricardo Burguete Lana (b. 1871 - d. 1938)
16 Feb 1923 - 14 Sep 1923 Lópe Silvela y Casado (b. 1865 - d. 1928)
25 Sep 1923 - 16 Oct 1924 Luis Aizpuru
16 Oct 1924 - 2 Nov 1925 Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, (b. 1870 - d. 1930)
marqués de Estella
2 Nov 1925 - 1928 Jorje Sanjurjo Sacanell Buenrostro, (b. 1872 - d. 1936)
marqués de Malmusi (1st time)
1928 - 19 Apr 1931 Francisco Gómez Jordana (2nd time) (s.a.)
19 Apr 1931 - 20 Jun 1931 Jorje Sanjurjo Sacanell Buenrostro, (s.a.)
marqués de Malmusi (2nd time)
20 Jun 1931 - May 1933 Luciano López Ferrer
May 1933 - 23 Jan 1934 Juan Moles Ormella (1st time) (b. 1871 - d. 1945)
23 Jan 1934 - Mar 1936 Manuel Rico Arello (b. 1887 - d. 1936)
Mar 1936 - Jul 1936 Juan Moles Ormella (2nd time) (s.a.)
18 Jul 1936 - 1936 Arturo Álvarez-Buylla (acting) (d. 1937)
1936 Eduardo Sáenz de Buruaga (b. 1893 - d. 1963)
1936 Francisco Franco Bahmonde (b. 1892 - d. 1975)
1936 - Aug 1937 Luis Orgaz y Yoldi (1st time) (b. 1881 - d. 1946)
Aug 1937 - 1939 Juan Beigbeder y Atienza (b. 1888 - d. 1957)
Feb 1940 - 12 May 1941 Carlos Asensio Cabanillas (b. 1896 - d. 1969)
12 May 1941 - 4 Mar 1945 Luis Orgaz y Yoldi (2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Mar 1945 - 24 Mar 1951 José Enrique Varela Iglesias (b. 1891 - d. 1951)
Mar 1951 - 7 Apr 1956 Rafael García Valiño y Marcén (b. 1898 - d. 1975)
Representatives of the Sultan in the Spanish Zone (styled
Khalifas)
19 Apr 1913 - 9 Nov 1923 Mulay al-Mahdi bin Isma'il
bin (d. 1923)
Muhammad
9 Nov 1923 - 9 Nov 1925 Vacant
9 Nov 1925 - 16 Mar 1941 Mulay Hassan bin al-Mahdi
(1st time)(b. 1912)
16 Mar 1941 - Oct 1945 Vacant
Oct 1945 - 7 Apr 1956 Mulay Hassan
bin al-Mahdi (2nd time)(s.a.)
Rif Republic
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- 1921 - 27 May 1926
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(18 Sep 1921) |
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Riffan (MARR) |
Independence Day |
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Organizations/Treaties: None |
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18 Sep 1921
Independence of the Rif proclaimed.
1 Feb 1923
Rif Republic (Dawlat al-Jumhuriyya ar-Rifiyya).
27 May 1926
Dissolved by Franco-Spanish forces.
Emir (style Amir ar-Rif)
18 Sep 1921 - 1 Feb 1923 Abd el-Krim
(b. 1882 - d. 1963)
(Sayyidi Muhammad bin `Abd al-Karim al-Khattabi)
Head of State (style Ra'is ad-Dawla)
1 Feb 1923 - 27 May 1926 Abd el-Krim
(s.a.)
Prime minister
Jul 1923 - 27 May 1926 ben Hajj Hatmi
Tangier
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![[Flag of Morocco]](ma.gif)
- 17 Nov 1915 - 1940, 1945 - 29 Oct 1956
- Tangier National and Civil Ensign
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![[Merchant Flag Tangier International Zone 1953-1957]](mar_tang.gif)
- 20 Jun 1953 - 11 Apr 1957
- Tangier Merchant Ensign
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- 4 Jun 1668 Tangier was declared a free city by charter, with a mayor.
- 6 Feb 1684 Re-incorporated into Morocco.
- 30 Mar 1912 City of Tangier an international protectorate.
- 1 Jun 1925
International administration begins (representing
Britain, Spain, France [and later, Portugal,
Italy, Belgium,
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(1 Jun 1925) |
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Tangier Franco (MATF) |
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2,225 (1677) |
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Imports: $ 2.59 billion MF (1953) |
Defense was Responsibility of Signatory Powers |
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| International Organizations/Treaties 1925-1956: UPU | |||
789 Part of Morocco.
1421 Emirate of Tangier
28 Aug 1471 Portuguese possession.
15 Jul 1580 - 1 Dec 1640 Tangier along with Portugal a Spanish possession.
29 Jan 1662 Ceded to England.
the Netherlands, Sweden, United States, and from 1945
Soviet Union]) administration attached to French Morocco
(Tangier International Zone).
14 Jun 1940 Occupied by Moroccan troops under Spanish command.
4 Nov 1940 - 11 Oct 1945 Incorporated into Spanish Morocco.
29 Oct 1956 Incorporated into Morocco.
18 Apr 1960 Re-integrated with Morocco financially; international
status formally abolished.
1421 - 1437 Salih ibn Salih
1437 - 28 Aug 1471 Abdul Hasan 'Ali al-Mandari
Governors
1471 D. João
1471 - 1484 Rui (Rodrigo) Afonso de Melo,
conde de Olivença
1484 - 1487 Manuel de Melo
1487 - 1489 Fernando (Fernão) Martins
Mascarenhas
1489? - 1490 Manuel Pessanha
1490? - 1501 Lopo Vaz de Azevedo
1501 - 1502 Rodrigo de Castro (Monsanto)
1502 - 1507 João de Meneses
1507 - 1521 Duarte de Meneses (1st time)
1521 - 1522 Henrique de Meneses
1522 - 1531 Duarte de Meneses (2nd time)
1531 - 1533 Álvaro de Abranches
1533 - 1536 Gonçalo Mendes Sacoto
1536 - 1539 Duarte de Meneses (3rd time)
1539 - 1546 João de Meneses
1546 - 1547 Francisco Botelho
1547 - 1552 Pedro de Meneses
1552 João Álvares de Azevedo
1552 - 1553 Luís de Loureiro
1553 – Fernando de Meneses
1553 Pedro Garcia
1553 Pedro Álvares Correia
1553 - 1558? Diogo Lopes de França (1st time)
1558? - 1564 Bernardim de Carvalho
1564 Diogo Lopes da Franca (2nd time)
(interim)
1564 Lourenço Pires de Távora
1564 - 1566 Diogo Lopes da Franca (3rd time)
(interim)
1566 - 1572 João de Meneses, o Craveiro
1572 Rui de Sousa de Carvalho
1573 Diogo Lopes da Franca (3rd time)
(interim)
1573 - 15 Aug 1574 António de Portugal, prior do (b. 1531 - d. 1595)
Crato
1574 - 1577 Duarte de Meneses (1st time) (b. 1537 - d. 1588)
1577 Pedro da Silva (1st time)(interim)(d. 1578)
1577 - 1578 Duarte de Meneses (2nd time) (s.a.)
1578 Pedro da Silva (2nd time)(interim)(s.a.)
1578 - 1581 Jorge de Mendonça Cação
1581 - 1590 Francisco de Almeida
1590 Belchior de Franca (interim)
1590 - 1591 Simão Lopes de Mendonça (interim)
1591 - 1599 Aires de Saldanha
1599 - 1605 António Pereira Lopes de Berredo
1605 - 1610 Nuno de Mendonça
1610 - 1614 Afonso de Noronha
1614 Luís de Meneses
1614 - 1615 Luís de Noronha (interim)
1615 - 1616 João Coutinho
1616 - 1617 André Dias da Franca (1st time)
(interim)
1617 - 1621 Pedro Manuel
1621 - 1624 Jorge de Mascarenhas, marquês (b. 1597 - d. 1652)
de Montalvão
1624 - 1628 Miguel de Noronha,
conde de Linhares
1628 Glaaz Fernandes da Silveira
(interim)
1628 - 1637 Fernando de Mascarenhas , conde (b. c.1610 - d. 1651)
de Torre
1637 André Dias da Franca (2nd time)
(interim)
1637 - 1643 Rodrigo de Silveira,
conde de Sarzedas
1643 - 1645 André Dias da Franca (3rd time)
+ Baltasar Martins de Lordelo
+ Francisco Lopes Tavares
+ Francisco Banha de Sequeira
1645 - 1649 Gastão Coutinho
1649 - 1653 Luís Lobo da Silveira
1653 - 1656 Rodrigo de Lencastre
1656 - 1661 Fernando de Meneses,
conde de Ericeira
1661 - 29 Jan 1662 Luís de Almeida, conde de (b. c.1610 - d. 1671)
Avintes
29 Jan 1662 - 1663 Henry Mordaunt, (b. 1621 - d. 1697)
Earl of Peterborough
1663 - 4 May 1664 Andrew Rutherford, Earl of Teviot (d. 1664)
4 May 1664 - 1664 Sir Tobias Bridges
1664 - Apr 1665 John Fitzgerald
Apr 1665 - 1666 John Belasyse, Baron Belasyse (b. 1614 - d. 1689)
1666 - 1668 Sir Henry Norwood (d. 1689)
1669 - 1670 John Middleton, Earl of (b. c.1619 - d. 1674)
Middleton (1st time)
1670 - 1672 Sir Hugh Cholmley (acting) (d. 1688)
1672 - Jun 1674 John Middleton, Earl of (s.a.)
Middleton (2nd time)
1674 - 1675 Budget Meakin (acting)
1675 - 1680 William O'Brien, Earl of (b. 1640 - d. 1692)
Inchiquin
1675 - 1680 Sir Palmes Fairborne (b. 1644 - d. 1680)
(acting [for often absent Earl Inchiquin to 1680])
1 Oct 1680 - 17 Oct 1680 Charles FitzCharles, Earl of (b. 1657 - d. 1680)
Plymouth
Oct 1680 - 1681 Edward Sackville (acting)
1681 - Aug 1683 Sir Percy Kirke (b. c.1646 - d. 1691)
Aug 1683 - 5 Feb 1684 George Legge, Baron Dartmouth (b. 1648 - d. 1691)
Mayors
1668 - 1669 John Bland (1st time) (d. 1680)
1669 - 1670 ....
1670 - 1671 John Bland (2nd time) (s.a.)
1671 - 1682 ....
1682 - 18 Oct 1683 William "Tangier" Smith (b. 1655 - d. 1705)
Administrators
1926 - 19 Aug 1929 Paul Alberge (France)
19 Aug 1929 - 1 Aug 1940 Joseph Le Fur (France)
1 Aug 1940 - 4 Nov 1940 Manuel Amieva (Spain)
Spanish military governor
14 Jun 1940 - 3 Nov 1940 Antonio Yuste
Governors-general
3 Nov 1940 - 1941 Antonio Yuste
1941 - 18 Nov 1942 Uriarte
18 Nov 1942 - 11 Oct 1945 Pothous
Administrators
11 Oct 1945 - 18 Jun 1948 Luis António de Magalhães Correia (b. 1873 - d. 1960)
(Portugal)
15 Aug 1948 - 9 Apr 1951 Jonkheer H.F.L.K. van Vredenburch (b. 1905 - d. 1981)
(Netherlands)
9 Apr 1951 - 21 Jun 1954 José Luís Archer (Portugal) (b. 1901 - d. 1979)
21 Jun 1954 - 31 Dec 1954 Étienne de Croÿ, prince de (b. 1898 - d. 1990)
Croÿ-Roeulx (Belgium)
4 Jan 1955 - 5 Jul 1956 Robert van de Kerckhove d'Hallebast
(Belgium)
Presidents of the Legislative
Assembly
(and Representatives of the Sultan of Morcco)
1923 - 16 Mar 1941
Muhammad at-Tazi Bu Ashran (1st time)
16 Mar 1941 - 11 Oct 1945 Post abolished
Oct 1945 - 1954
Muhammad at-Tazi Bu Ashran (2nd time)
1954 - 8 Jul 1956
Ahmad at-Tazi
Ifni
-
![[Spain 1945-1977]](es-1945.gif)
- to 4 Jan 1969
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- 1478 - 1526 Spanish settlement of Santa Cruz de la Mar Pequeña located
- on Moroccan Atlantic coast near Sidi Ifni (abandoned 1485-96)
- (subordinated to Canary Islands).
- 26 Apr 1860 Port of Sidi Ifni ceded by Morocco to Spain by Treaty of
- Tetuán; not occupied.
- 3 Nov 1884 Part of Spanish West Africa (see Western Sahara).
- 12 Nov 1912 Ifni protectorate.
- 6 Apr 1934 Ifni effectively occupied.
- Sep 1936 Spanish Nationalist forces seize control of Ifni.
- 26 Jul 1946 Ifni Territory part of Spanish West Africa (see Western Sahara).
- 12 Jan 1958 Ifni a Spanish overseas province.
- 30 Jun 1969 Spain retrocedes Infni to Morcco (retroactive to 4 Jan 1969).
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Alcaídes of Santa Cruz de la Mar Pequeña
(also the governors of Gan Canaria 1495-1517)
1478 - 1485
Diego García de Herrera (d. 1485)
1485 - 1495 Vacant
1495 - Dec 1497
Alonso Fajardo (d. 1497)
1498 - 1501
Lope Sánchez de Valenzuela
Apr 1502 - Mar 1503 António de Torres
4 Jul 1503 - 4 Jun 1504 Alonso Escudero
1505 - 1517
Lope de Sosa y Mesa
10 Aug 1517 - 5 Sep 1519 Fernán Arias de Saavedra
5 Sep 1519 - 28 Mar 1522 Luis de Zapata
+ Francisco de Vargas
28 Mar 1522 - 4 Aug 1525 Juan de Chaves (d. 1525)
+ Diego Vargas
Aug 1525 - 1526 Diego de Herrero
+ Diego Vargas (to 1525)
+ Luis de Aday (interim)
(19 Apr 1525 - 8 May 1526)
Lieutenants of the Alcaíde at Santa Cruz de la Mar Pequeña
1478 - 1479 Alonso de Cabrera
1479 - 14.. Jofre de Tenorio
1485 - Aug 1496 Vacant
1496 - 1497 Diego Ramirez
11 Dec 1497 - Dec 1498 Rodrigo de Narvaez
1498? - 1501 Alonso de Valenzuela
1504 or to 1508? Juan Fernandes Portugués
c.1508
Diego de Cabrera
c.1508 - 1522 ....
13 Nov 1522 - 1524 Pedro Hernandez de Lugo
Military Governor of Ifni
6 Apr 1934 - 1934
Osvaldo Fernando Capaz Montes
(b. 1894 - d. 1936)
Governors of Ifni
(subordinated to Spanish High Commissioners in Morocco)
1934 - 14 Jan 1958
the governors of Spanish Sahara
Sub-governors/Delegates
1934 - 14 Jan 1958 ....
Governors-general
14 Jan 1958 - 1961
Mariano Gómez Zamalloa y Quirce
1961 - 1964
Joaquín Agulla
y Jiménez-Coronado (b. 1903 - d. 1971)
1964 - 1965
Adolfo Artelejo Campos
1965 - 1967
Marino Larrasquito
1967 - 1969
José Rodríguez
1506
Mazagan (El Jadida) a Portuguese possession.
18 Jul 1580 - 1 Dec 1640 Mazagan along with Portugal a Spanish possession.
11 Mar 1769
Mazagan re-incorporated into Morocco.
Captains-major
1506 - 1514 ....
1514 - 1517 Martim Afonso de Melo
1517 - 1529 António Leite (1st time)
15.. - 15.. ....
1536? - 1537? Manuel de Sande
1537? António Leite (2nd time)
1537 - 1541 João Gomes
1541 - 1548 Luís de Loureiro
1548 - 1551 Tristão de Ataíde
1551 - 1561 Álvaro de Carvalho
1561 - 1562 Rui de Sousa de Carvalho (1st time) (d. 1574)
1562 Álvaro de Carvalho, d.n.
1562 Rui de Sousa de Carvalho (2nd time) (s.a.)
1562 - 1564 Francisco de Barros de Paiva
1564 - 1572 Rui de Sousa de Carvalho (3rd time) (s.a.)
1572 - 1574 Pedro Álvares de Carvalho
1574 Bernardim de Carvalho
1574 - 1577 Gil Fernandes de Carvalho (1st time)
1577 - 1578 Francisco de Figueiredo (interim)
1578 Martim Correia da Silva
1578 - 1581 João de Mendonça Furtado
1581 - 1582 Pêro de Mendonça Furtado
1582 - 1586 Francisco de Mendonça Furtado
1586 Gil Fernandes de Carvalho (2nd time)
1586 - 1607 Diogo Lopes de Carvalho
Governors
1607 - 1610 Manuel Mascarenhas
1610 - 1615 Henrique Correia da Silva
1615 - 1619 Jorge Mascarenhas, marquês (b. 1597 - d. 1652)
de Montalvão
1619 - 1624
Brás Teles de Meneses
Mar 1624 - Jun 1627 Gonçalo Coutinho
26 Jun 1627 - 7 Jun 1631 Francisco de Almeida
1631 - 1635
João da Silva Telo de Meneses,
conde de Aveiras
1635 - Mar 1640 Francisco de Mascarenhas,
conde de Castelho Novo
Mar 1640 - Jun 1640 Luísa Antónia de Velasco (f)
+ Nuno da Cunha da Costa
(acting)
25 Jun 1640 - 1642 Martim Correia da Silva (interim)
1642 - Nov 1645 Rui de Moura Teles
10 Nov 1645 - May 1648 João Luís de Vasconcelos e Meneses (b. 1600 - d. 1649)
May 1648 - Jul 1648
Junta
- António Dinis Barbosa
- Gonçalo Barreto
- Gaspar Rodrigues
1648 - 1649 Nuno da Cunha da Costa (1st time)
1649 Francisco de Noronha (1st time)
1649 - 1650 Nuno da Cunha da Costa (2nd time)
1650 - 1654 Francisco de Noronha (2nd time)
29 Jan 1654 - 1658 Alexandre de Sousa Freire
1658 - 1661
Francisco de Mendonça Furtado
1661
- 1667
Cristóvão de Melo (b. c.1625 - d. ....)
1667 - 27 Nov 1671 Martinho Mascarenhas, conde de
Santa Cruz
Nov 1671 - 1677 Marco de Noronha
Feb 1677 - 1681 Cristóvão de Almada (b. 1632 - d. 1713)
1681
- 1687
Bernardim de Sousa de Távora Tavares
1687 - 1691 Manuel de Sousa de Castro
1691 - 1692 Domingos de Matos
1692 - 1695
João de Saldanha de Albuquerque
Governors and Captains-general
1695 - 1698
Luís de Saldanha da Gama
1698 - 9 Oct 1702 Sancho de Faro e Sousa,
conde de Vimieiros
9 Oct 1702 - Sep 1705 Manuel de Sousa Tavares de Távora
1 Oct 1705 - 27 Jul 1713 Francisco de Melo e Castro
27 Jul 1713 - 1719 Manuel Rolim de Moura
1719 - 1724
Duarte Sodré Pereira
1724
António José de Miranda Henriques (b. c.1695 - d. 17..)
1724 - 1734
João Jacques de Magalhães
1734 - 4 Aug 1745 Bernardo Pereira de Berredo
Aug 1745 - 1752 António Álvares da Cunha
1752 - 1757 José Leite de Sousa (b. c.1715 - d. ....)
1757 - Sep 1763 José Joaquim Vasques da Cunha
Sep 1763 - 11 Mar 1769 Dinis Gregório de Melo
e Castro (d. 1793)
Mendonça
Aguz
1506 - 1525 Portuguese rule at Aguz (Souira Guedima).
Captains1506 - 1507 Diogo de Azambuja (b. 1432 - d. 1518)
1509? - c.1522 Diogo de Azambuja, Jr.
152. - 1525 Gonçalo Mendes Sacoto
Alcácer Ceguer (Qsar es-Seghir)
23 Oct 1458 - 1550 Portuguese rule at Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir).
Captains
1458 - 1464 Duarte de Meneses
1464 - 1480 Henrique de Meneses
1480 - 1488 Rodrigo (Rui) Vaz Pereira
1488 - 1508? Martim de Távora
1508? - 1510? Rodrigo de Sousa
1510? - 15.. António de Sousa
15.. - 15.. Martinho de Sousa e Távora (b. c.1450 - d. ....)
1521? - 15.. Pedro de Sousa
c.1530 - 1531 Francisco de Carvalho
1531 - 1545 Pedro Álvares de Carvalho
1545 - 1549 Alvaro de Carvalho
15.. - 1550 Bernardim Carvalho
1550? Rui Dias de Sousa
Arzila
24 Aug 1471
Portuguese rule at Arzila (Asilah).
Aug 1550 - 1577
Restored to Morocco.
1577
Portuguese rule restored.
18 Jul 1580 Arzila along with Portugal a Spanish possession.
1589
Restored to Morocco.
Captains
1471 - 1479 Henrique de Meneses
1480 - 1481 Lopo Dias de Azevedo
1482 - 1486
João de Meneses
1486 - 1488? Álvaro de Faria
1488? - 1495
Vasco Coutinho, conde de Redondo
(b. 14.. - d. 1522)
(1st time)(interim to 1490)
1495? Rodrigo Coutinho
1495
João de Meneses (1st time)(interim)
1495 - 1501 Vasco Coutinho, conde de Redondo (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1501 - 1502 João Coutinho (1st time)(interim)
1502 - 1505 João de Meneses (2nd time)(interim)
1505 - 1508
Vasco Coutinho, conde de Redondo (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1508 Jorge Barreto
1508 - 1513 Vasco Coutinho, conde de Redondo (s.a.)
(3rd time)
1513 João Coutinho (2nd time)(interim)
1513 - 1514 Vasco Coutinho, conde de Redondo (s.a.)
(4th time)
1514 - 1523 João Coutinho (3rd time)(interim)
1523 Manuel de Meneses (interim)
1523 Fernão Caldeira (interim)
1523 - 1525 João Coutinho (4th time)(interim)
1525 - Oct 1529 António da Silveira (substitute)
1529 - 1538 João Coutinho (5th time)(interim)
1538 - 1544? Manuel Mascarenhas
1544 - 1546 Sebastião de Vargas
1546 - 1549 Francisco Coutinho, conde de Redondo
1549 - Aug 1550 Luís de Loureiro
Aug 1550 - 1577
Moroccan rule
1577 - 1578 Duarte de Meneses
1578 Pedro de Silva
1578 - 15.. Pedro de Mesquita
15.. - 5 Dec 1580 Vasco Fernandes Homem
5 Dec 1580 - 158. Juan de Alarcón
3 Sep 1513
Portuguese rule in Azamor (Azemmour).
30 Oct 1541 Restored to Morocco.
3 Sep 1513 - 1513 Jaime de Bragança
1513 - 1514 Rui Barreto
May 1514 - Sep 1514 João Soares (acting)
2 Sep 1514 - 1515? Pedro de Sousa
1515 - 1516 Lope Bareiga
1516 - Dec 1517 Simão Correia
30 Dec 1517 - 1525 Álvaro de Noronha (b. c.1475 - d. 15..)
Jun 1525 - 1529 Jorge Viegas
10 Sep 1529 - 1530 António Leite (1st time)
1530 - 1534 Pedro de Mascarenhas
1534 - 1535 Lançarote de Freitas (interim)
1535 - 1537 Álvaro de Abranches
1537 - 1541 António Leite (2nd time)
1541 - 1542 Fernando de Noronha
Aug 1506 Castello Real de Mogador (Essaouira) built.
Nov 1510 Re-taken by Morocco.
Aug 1506 - 1510 Diogo de Azambuja, Sr.
27 Jun 1507 - 1510 Francisco de Miranda
(acting for Azambuja)
1510 - May 1510 Pedro de Azevedo
May 1510 - Nov 1510 Nicolão de Sousa
Safim
1488 - Oct 1541 Portuguese rule at Safim (Safi).
Captains
1488 - 1506
no Portuguese presence
1508 - 1509 Diogo de Azambuja, Sr.
1509 - 1510 Pedro de Azevedo
1510 - 19 May 1516 Nuno Fernandes de Ataíde
1516 Nuno Gato (interim)
1516 - Oct 1522 Nuno de Mascarenhas
1522 - 1526 Gonçalo Mendes Sacoto
1526 - 1529 Garcia de Melo
1529 - 1533 Francisco Lopes Girão
1533 João de Faro
1534 Rui Freire
1534 Luís de Loureiro
1534 Garcia de Noronha
1534 - 1541 Rodrigo de Castro
1541 - 1542 Luís de Loureiro
Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué
1505 - 12 Mar 1541 Portuguese rule at Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir).
Governors
1505 - 1512 João Lopes de Sequeira
(holder of the factory)
1513 - 1517 Francisco de Castro (1st time)
1517 Pêro Leitão (interim)
1517 - 1521 Francisco de Castro (2nd time)
1521 - 1523 Simão Gonçalves da Costa (interim)
1523 - 1525 António Leitão de Gambôa (1st time) (d. 1529)
1525 - 1528 Luís Sacoto
1528 - Feb 1529 António Leitão de Gambôa (2nd time) (s.a.)
Feb 1529 - Jul 1529 António Rodrigues de Parada (interim)
1529 - 1533 Simão Gonçalves da Costa
1533 - 1534 Simão Gonçalves da Câmara (interim)
1534 Rui Dias de Aguiar (interim)
1534 Gutierre de Monroy (1st time)
1534 - 1538 Luís de Loureiro
1538 - 1541 Gutierre de Monroy (2nd time)
©2000 Ben Cahoon