Yemen
Adopted 22 May 1990
|
Map
of Yemen
|
Hear
National Anthem
"al-Ghumhuriyatu
l-Muttahida"
(United Republic)
|
Text
of National Anthem
Adopted 22 May 1990
|
Constitution
(16
May 1991)
|
Capital:
Sana
(South Yemen: Aden 1968-90;
Hadi govt.: Aden 2015-2019,
Ataq from 26 Sep 2019)
|
Currency:
Yemeni Rial (YER)
|
National
Holiday:
22 May (1990)
Unification Day
(National Day)
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Population:
29,884,405 (2019)
|
GDP: $73.63
billion (2017)
|
Exports:
$384.5 million (2017)
Imports: $4.1
billion (2017)
|
Ethnic groups:
Arab 92.8%, Somali 3.7%, black 1.1%,
Indo-Pakistani 1%, other
1.4% (2000)
|
Total Active
Armed Forces: 66,700 (2010)
Merchant marine:
34 ships (2019)
|
Religions:
Muslim 99.1% (official; virtually all
are citizens,
an estimated 65% are Sunni and 35% are
Shia), other
0.9% (includes Jewish, Baha'i, Hindu,
and Christian; many are
refugees or temporary foreign
residents) (2010)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties:
AFESD, AL, AMF, AOAD, APA, APM, Arabsat,
BTWC, CAEU, CD, CTBT (signatory), CWC,
EITI (suspended), ENMOD, ESCR, FAO,
G-77, GAFTA, GCC (applicant), IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, Intersputnik, IOC, IOM, IORA, IPU,
IRENA, ISA, ISESCO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM,
NPT, NTBT, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW,
OST, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC,
UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA
(signatory), UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WTO
|
|
South Yemen (Aden)
-
- to 16 Jan 1839
-
|
-
- 16 Jan 1839 - 1
Apr 1937
-
|
-
- 1 Apr 1937 - 18
Jan 1963 Aden Colony
-
|
- 11 Feb 1959 - 4 Apr 1962
- Federation of Arab
Emirates of the South
|
![[Federation of South Arabia
1962-1967 (South Yemen)] [Federation of
South Arabia 1962-1967 (South Yemen)]](ye-fsa.gif)
4 Apr 1962 - 30 Nov
1967
Federation of South
Arabia
|
-
- 18 Jan 1963 - 30
Nov 1967
- State of Aden
|
30 Nov 1967 - 22 May
1990;
21 May 1994 - 7 Jul
1994 (in rebellion);
from 11 May 2017 (in
rebellion)
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|
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Map
of South Yemen
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Hear
National Anthem
untitled; Adopted 1979
|
Former
National Anthem
untitled (1967 - 1979)
|
Constitution
(24 Jan 1971)
---------------------------
Federation
Constitution
(11 Feb 1959- 1967)
--------------------------
Aden Constitution
(9 Oct 1962-1967)
|
Capital:
Aden
(Madinat ash Sha'b
1967-1968;
al-Ittihad City
Sep 1959-1967;
Bir Ahmad 11 Feb-Sep
1959)
|
Currency:
1965-1990 South
Yemeni Dinar (YDD);
1951-65
East African Shilling (XEAS);
1892-1951 Indian Rupee (INR)
|
National
Holidays:
14 Oct (1967)
Revolution Day
----------------------------------
30 Nov (1967)
Independence Day
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Population:
2,585,484 (1990)
Aden: 138,441 (1955)
Federation:
750,000 (1965)
|
GDP: $1.2
billion (1988)
|
Exports:
$113.8 million (1989)
Imports: $553.9
million (1988)
|
Ethnic groups:
Arab 75%, Indian 11%,
Somali 8%, and
others
|
Total Armed
Forces: 21,300 (1976)
Aden Police: 648 (1947)
Federal South Arabian Army: 8,500
(1967)
Merchant
marine: 3 ships (1990)
|
Religions:
Sunni Muslim 91%, Christian 4%, Hindu
3.5%
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: AFESD, AL,
AMF,
AOAD, Arabsat, BTWC, CAEU,
Comecon (observer), ENMOD, ESCR, FAO,
G-77, GATT (de facto), IBRD, ICAO, ICRM,
IDA, IDB, IFAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intersputnik, IOC, IPU, ISESCO, ITU, LORCS,
NAM, NPT, NTBT, OIC, OST, UN, UNCLOS
(signatory), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNPO
(2016-2017), UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
|
Eastern
and Western
Aden
Protectorates
|
|
|
1513
First recorded visit of the Portuguese to Aden.
3 Aug 1538 - 1548
Aden part of the Ottoman Empire.
1548 - 1551
Aden occupied by
Portugal.
1551 - 1635
Aden part of the Ottoman
Empire.
3 May 1799 - 1 Sep
1799 Perim Island occupied by the British.
19 Jan
1839
British occupation of Aden.
Sep
1839
Subordinated to Bombay (see provinces of British India).
12 Jan 1857
Perim Island re-acquired, part of Aden colony.
1868
British purchase Little Aden from the
Sheikh of Aqrabi.
1873
Aden protectorates begun to be acquired (completed by
1918).
9 Jun 1915
Kamaran Island acquired;
subject to Aden.
1 Apr
1932
Aden a separate province of British India
(Chief Commissioner's Province
of Aden).
1 Apr
1937
British Aden colony and protectorates (separated
from British
India).
11 Feb
1959
Federation of Arab Emirates of the South
- Lahj (from 5 Oct 1959)
- `Aqrabi (from Feb 1960)
- `Awdhali
- Lower `Awlaqi (from Feb 1960)
- Upper `Awlaqi Sheikhdom
- Bayhan
- Dali`
- Dathina (from Feb 1960)
- Fadli
- Lower Yafa`
- Wahidi (from 1 Apr 1962)
4 Apr
1962
Federation of South Arabia
- Aden (from 18 Jan 1963)
- Lahj
- `Alawi (from 1965)
- `Aqrabi
- `Awdhali
- Lower `Awlaqi
- Upper `Awlaqi Sultanate (from Jun 1964)
- Upper `Awlaqi Sheikhdom
- Bayhan
- Dali`
- Fadli
- Hawshabi (from 30 Mar 1963)
- Sha`ib (from 30 Mar 1963)
- Lower Yafa`
- Maflahi (from 1965)
- Wahidi
18 Jan
1963
Colony of Aden becomes State of Aden (part of Federation
of
South Arabia).
14 Oct 1963 - 30 Nov 1967 State of
emergency declared.
30 Nov
1967
Independence (People's Republic of South Yemen).
30 Nov
1970
People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
22 May
1990
Unification with Yemen (Sana) as Republic of Yemen.
22 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 Former
South Yemen in secession from Yemen as
Democratic Republic of Yemen.
11 May 2017
-
Southern Transitional Council, a secessionist body in
Yemen, whose
members include the governors of five southern
governorates and
two government ministers (in opposition to Huthi and in
on and
off alliance with Hadi government). Takes
control of Aden
10 Aug
2019. On 26 Apr 2020, declares self-rule over Aden and
the southern provinces. On 20 Jun 2020 takes Socotra
Island.
Secretary Generals of the Central Committee of the
Socialist Party of Yemen
11 Oct 1978 - 21 Apr
1980 Abdul Fattah Islamil (1st
time) (b. 1939 - d. 1986)
21 Apr 1980 - 12
Feb 1985 Ali Nasir Muhammad
Husani
(b. 1939)
(1st time)
12 Feb 1985 - 24 Jan
1986 Abdul Fattah Ismail (2nd
time) (s.a.)
24 Jan 1986 - 6 Feb
1986 Ali Nasir Muhammad
Husani
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
6 Feb 1986 - 22 May
1990 Ali Salim al-Beidh
(b.
1939)
British Commissioner in the Red Sea
3 May 1799 - Mar 1800 John
Murray
(b. 1768 - d. 1827)
(on Perim Island to 1 Sep 1799, then Aden)
British Agents
19 Jan 1839 - Jun 1854
Stafford Bettesworth
Haines
(b. 1802 - d. 1860)
(commander to Sep 1839)
Jun 1854 - Sep
1854 James
Outram
(b. 1803 - d. 1863)
Sep 1854 -
1859
William Marcus Coghlan
(b. 1803 - d. 1885)
Residents
1859 -
1863
William Marcus Coghlan
(s.a.)
1863 -
1867
William Lockyer
Merewether
(b. 1825 - d. 1880)
1867 -
1870
Edward Lechmere
Russell
(b. 1818 - d. 1904)
1870 -
1872
Charles William Tremenheere
(b. 1813 - d. 1898)
1872 -
1878
John William Schneider
(b. 1822 - d. 1903)
1878 -
1882
Francis Adam Ellis Loch
(b. 1827 - d. 1891)
1882 -
1885
James Blair
(b. 1828 - d.
1905)
1885
Frederick Mercer Hunter (acting) (b.
1844 - d. 1898)
1885 -
1890
Adam George Forbes
Hogg
(b. 1836 - d. 1908)
1890 -
1895
John
Jopp
(b. 1840 - d. 1923)
May 1894 - Jul 1894
Charles William Henry Sealy
(b. 1846 - d. 1932)
(acting for Jopp)
1895 - Feb
1898
Charles Alexander
Cunningham (b.
1842 - d. 1925)
(1st time)
Feb 1898 - Dec 1898
Garratt O'Moore
Creagh (1st time) (b. 1848 - d. 1923)
1895 - 22 Jan 1899
Charles
Alexander
Cunningham
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
22 Jun 1899 - 30 Jun 1900 Garratt
O'Moore Creagh (2nd time) (s.a.)
30 Jun 1900 - 24 Feb 1901 Herbert Edward
Penton (acting) (b. 1850 - d. 1922)
Mar 1901 - 24 Jun 1901 Geore
Hand More-Molyneux (acting) (b. 1851 - d. 1903)
24 Jun 1901 -
1904
Pelham James
Maitland
(b. 1847 - d. 1935)
1904 -
1906
Harry Macan
Mason
(b. 1850 - d. 1929)
Nov 1906 - Apr
1910 Ernest de
Brath
(b. 1858 - d. 1933)
1910 - 1915
James Alexander Bell
(b. 1856 - d. 1926)
(from 27 Nov 1911, Sir James
Alexander Bell)
1915 - 16 Jul 1915
David George Levigne Shaw
(acting) (b. 1860/61 - d. 1930)
16 Jul 1915 - 11 Sep 1915 George John
Younghusband (acting) (b. 1859 - d. 1944)
11 Sep 1915 -
1916
Charles Henry Uvedale Price
(b. 1862 - d. 1942)
19 Feb 1916 - 1916
William Walton (acting)
(b. 1864 - d. 1937)
16 Jul 1916 - 1919
James Marshall Stewart (1st time) (b. 1861
- d. 1943)
1919
Lionel
Nicholson Beatty (acting) (b. 1867 -
d. 1929)
1919
Walter Sinclair
Delamain (acting) (b. 1862 – d. 1932)
1919 -
1921
James Marshall Stewart (2nd time) (s.a.)
1921 -
1925
Thomas Edwin Scott
(b. 1867 - d. 1937)
7 Jul 1922 – 5 Nov 1922 Cyril
Charles Johnson
Barrett (b. 1884 -
d. 1933)
(acting for Scott)
29 May 1924 – 13 Sep 1924 Cyril Charles
Johnson Barrett
(s.a.)
(acting for Scott)
Mar 1925 - 22 Apr 1928 John
Henry Keith
Stewart
(b. 1872 - d. 1955)
24 Jun 1926 – 9 Jan 1927 Bernard
Rawdon Reilly
(b. 1882 - d. 1966)
(acting for Stewart)
1 Sep 1927 – 30 Oct 1927 Trenchard
Craven William Fowle (b.
1884 - d. 1940)
(acting for Stewart)
5 Apr 1928 – 16 Jul 1928 Trenchard Craven
William Fowle (s.a.)
(acting for Stewart, then for Symes)
22 Apr 1928 - 7 Mar 1931 George Stewart
Symes
(b. 1882 - d. 1962)
(from 4 Jun 1928, Sir George Stewart Symes)
8 May 1930 – 27 Sep 1930 Bernard
Rawdon Reilly
(s.a.)
(acting for Symes)
18 Apr 1931 - 18 Apr 1932 Bernard
Rawdon
Reilly
(s.a.)
4 Jun 1931 – 21 Oct 1931 Herbert
Milner
Wightwick
(b. 1885 - d. 1942)
(acting for Reilly)
Chief Commissioner
18 Apr 1932 - 1 Apr 1937 Bernard
Rawdon
Reilly
(s.a.)
38 May 1936 - 1936
Morice
Challoner
Lake
(b. 1885 - d. 1943)
(acting for Reilly)
Governors and Commanders-in-Chief of the Colony of
Aden and
Governors and Commanders-in-Chief the Aden
Protectorate
1 Apr 1937 - 24 Oct 1940
Sir Bernard Rawdon
Reilly
(s.a.)
24 Oct 1940 - 1 Jan 1945 John
Hathorn
Hall
(b. 1894 - d. 1979)
(from 1 Jan 1941, Sir John Hathorn Hall)
1 Jan 1945 - 30 Oct 1950
Reginald Stuart
Champion
(b. 1895 - d. 1982)
(from 1 Jan 1946, Sir Reginald Stuart Champion)
30 Oct 1950 - 15 May 1951 William Allmond
Codrington Goode (b. 1907 - d. 1887)
(acting)
15 May 1951 - 13 Jul 1956 Sir Tom
Hickinbotham
(b. 1903 - d. 1983)
13 Jul 1956 - 23 Oct 1960 Sir William
Henry Tucker Luce
(b. 1907 - d. 1977)
23 Oct 1960 - 18 Jan 1963 Sir Charles
Hepburn
Johnston (b.
1912 - d. 1986)
High Commissioners for Aden and the
Protectorate of South Arabia
18 Jan 1963 - 17 Jul 1963 Sir Charles
Hepburn
Johnston
(s.a.)
17 Jul 1963 - 21 Dec 1964 Sir Gerald
Kennedy
Nicholas
(b. 1915 - d. 1990)
Trevaskis
21 Dec 1964 - 22 May 1967 Sir Richard
Gordon
Turnbull
(b. 1909 - d. 1998)
22 May 1967 - 30 Nov 1967 Sir Humphrey
Trevelyan
(b. 1905 - d. 1985)
President of the
People's Republic of South Yemen
30 Nov 1967 - 22 Jun 1969 Qahtan Muhammad
al-Shaabi
(b. 1920 - d. 1981) NLF
Chairmen of the Presidential Council
22 Jun 1969 - 23 Jun 1969 Presidential
Council
-
Muhammad Ali
Haitham
(b. 1940 - d. 1993) NLF
- Muhammad Salih
al-Awlaqi
(b. 1941 - d. 1973) NLF
- Abdul Fattah
Ismail
(s.a.)
NLF
- Salem Ali
Rubayyi
(b. 1935 - d. 1978) NLF
- Ali Ahmad Nasir Antar al-Bishi
(b. 1937 - d. 1986) NLF
23 Jun 1969 - 26 Jun 1978 Salem Ali
Rubayyi
(s.a.)
NLF
26 Jun 1978 - 27 Dec 1978 Ali Nasir
Muhammad
Husani
(s.a.)
NLF
(acting to 1 Jul 1978)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme
People's Council
27 Dec 1978 - 26 Apr 1980 Abdul Fattah
Ismail
(s.a.)
HIY
26 Apr 1980 - 24 Jan 1986 Ali Nasir
Muhammad
Husani
(s.a.)
HIY
25 Jan 1986 - 22 May 1990 Haidar Abu Bakr
al-Attas
(b.
1939)
HIY
(interim to 8 Feb 1986)
President
22 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 Ali Salim
al-Beidh
(s.a.)
HIY
(in rebellion)
President of the Southern
Transitional Council
11 May 2017
-
Aidarus al-Zubaidi (in rebellion) (b. 1967)
Mil
(takes control of Aden 10 Aug 2019)
Chairmen of the Supreme Council of Federation
1959 - Aug
1967
the federal ministers
(rotated on the 11th day every month)
Chief ministers of Aden
State
17 Jan 1963 - 24 Jun 1963 Hassan Ali
Bayyumi
(b. 1915 - d. 1963) UNP
24 Jun 1963 - 23 Feb 1965 Zayn
Abdu Baharun
UNP
(acting to 9 Jul 1963)
3 Mar 1965 - 25 Sep 1965 Abd al-Qawi
Makkawi
(b. 1918 - d.
1998) PSP
25 Sep 1965 - 30 Nov 1967 High
Commissioners' rule
Prime minister of the Federation
(designated, did not take office)
5 Jul 1967 - 27 Jul 1967 Husayn
Bayyumi
UNP
Prime ministers of the People's Democratic Republic of
Yemen
(to 30 Nov 1970, People's Republic of
South Yemen)
6 Apr 1969 - 22 Jun 1969
Faysal Abd al-Latif
al-Shaabi (b. 1935?
- d. 1970) NLF
23 Jun 1969 - 2 Aug 1971 Muhammad
Ali
Haitham
(s.a.)
NLF
2 Aug 1971 - 14 Feb 1985
Ali Nasir Muhammad
Husani
(s.a.)
NLF;1978 HIY
14 Feb 1985 - 8 Feb 1986 Haidar Abu
Bakr
al-Attas
(s.a.)
HIY
(1st time)
8 Feb 1986 - 22 May 1990
Yasin Said
Numan
(b. 1948)
HIY
22 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 Haidar Abu
Bakr
al-Attas
(s.a.)
HIY
(2nd time)(in rebellion)
Territorial Disputes: North Yemen
(Sana) claimed the Kamaran Islands and Perim Island held
by South Yemen; sections of the boundary with North
Yemen indefinite or undefined; no defined boundary with
Saudi Arabia; Administrative Line with Oman.
Party abbreviations: HIY
= Al-Hizb Al-Ishtiraki Al-Yamani (Yemeni
Socialist Party [YSP], coalition of National
Front, Bath, and Communist Parties, former NLF, to 1990
Marxist-Leninist, democratic socialist, pan-Arab,
1978-1990 only legal party, est.Oct 1978);
- Former parties:
NLF = National Liberation Front
(communist, anti-British, 1963-1978, merged into HIY);
PSP = People's Socialist Party (political
wing of the Aden Trades Union Congress, anti-federation,
1962-1967, reorganized as HIY); UNP
= United National Party (or National United Party,
pro-federation, 1962-1967)
Kamaran Island
![[Flag of the United Kingdom] [Flag of the United
Kingdom]](gb.gif)
9 Jun 1915 - 30 Nov 1967
|
9 Jun 1915
Kamaran
Island seized from the Ottoman Empire by U.K.; later
subordinated, but not annexed, to
Aden colony.
24 Jul 1923
Turkey renounces claim to Kamaran by
Treaty of Lausanne (but
future sovereignty
of the island is not settled).
1 Feb 1949
U.K. formally
declares the crown had power and jurisdiction
over the islands and the administration is vested in the
governor
of Aden, but the island
is not incorporated into Aden colony.
17 Jan 1963
Kamaran Order in Council [S.I. 85]
grants High Commissioner of Aden
direct legislative powers over Kamaran; not part of
Aden.
30 Nov
1967
Part of independent South
Yemen (Aden).
6
Oct 1972 - 22 May 1990 Occupied by North Yemen (Sana).
British Chief Political and Military Officer
9
Jun 1915 -
191. Christopher
Stewart Fellows
Political officer,
Kamaran
9 Jun 1915 - c.1920
G.A. Richardson
(acting to 191.)
Civil Administrators
c.1922 - 1935
Guy Vivian Wickham
(b. 1890
- d. 1963)
1935
Noormahomed Kasembhai
Chohan
(acting)
24 Oct 1935 - 31 Jan 1949 David Thompson
Governors of Kamaran
1 Feb 1949 - 30 Nov 1967 the
governors of Aden
Commissioners of
Kamaran
1 Feb 1949 -
1952 David
Thompson (1st time)
1952 -
1954? Reginald
George Evelyn William (b.
1899 - d. 1983)
Alban (1st time)
1954? - c.1956
David
Thompson (2nd time)
c.1956 - 1962?
Reginald George Evelyn
William (s.a.)
Alban (2nd time)
1962? - c.1964
Archibald "Archie" Wilson
(b. 1911 - d. 1983)
c.1964 - 30 Nov 1967
....
Territorial Dispute: North
Yemen claimed sovereignty over Kamaran Island from 1956
and occupied it from 6 Oct 1972.
Perim Island
![[Flag of the United Kingdom] [Flag of the United
Kingdom]](gb.gif)
12 Jan 1857 - 30 Nov 1967
|
1737
French naval squadron possibly
uses Perim's harbor in the
course of a punitive expedition
against nearby Mocha.
3 May 1799 - 1 Sep 1799
Briefly occupied by the (British) East Indian Company.
12 Jan 1857
British forces from Aden colony
re-occupy the island as part
of the Aden colony.
1881
Hinton Spalding (b. 1847 - d. 1900), granted a
concession for a
coaling
station on Perim (Perim Coal Company begins operations
on 29 Aug 1883).
14 Jun 1915 - 15 Jun 1915 Failed Ottoman invasion of
Perim during World War I.
1936
Perim Coal Company (PCC)
dissolved, Aden colony takes over direct
administration of Perim Island.
28 Jul 1959
Aden Colony (Amendment) Order (1959)
restricts the application of
Aden colony order 1936, Perim while remaining part of the
Aden colony, is no longer included among the
responsibilities of
the colony legislative and executive councils but are
administered directly by the Governor of Aden through a
Commissioner.
17 Jan 1963
Perim Order in Council [S.I. 87] vests the High
Commissioner of
Aden with direct legislative powers over the island; the
administration is separated from Aden.
30 Nov
1967
Part of independent South
Yemen (Aden).
24 Mar 2015 - 4 Oct 2015 Occupied by Huthi
forces.
British Commander (of 84th Regiment)
3 May 1799 - 1 Sep 1799 John Murray
(b. 1768? - d. 1827)
Assistant Political Officers
1883? -
19..
....
12 May 1903 - 19.. F.C.
Bannatyne
1922 -
1923
Francis William Power
19.. - 3 Sep 1924 L.A.
Lawrence
(d. 1924)
1924 - 1929
....
1929
R.H. Martin
Managers of the Perim Coal Company
1883 - 1929
....
Manager of the Perim Coal Company and Government
Agents of Perim
18 Apr 1929 - 1935
Charles
Christmas
Davey
(b. 1886 - d. 1936)
28 Jul 1935 - 30 Sep 1936 J. Pape (acting to 1936)
Commissioners of Police of Aden and Administrators of
Perim
1 Oct 1936 - 1938
Douglas Fernie Paton Reid
(b. 1896 - d. 1963)
1938 -
1940
Laurence Stanley Parke
(b. 1890 - d. 1940)
1940 - 1942
....
1942 -
1950
Alan Edward Sigrist
(b. 1893 - d. 1983)
1950 - 195.
Norman George Maclean
(b. 1900 - d. ....)
195. -
1958
R.H. Stewart
1958 -
1959
George Baskerville Viveash
(b. 1917)
Arab Agents on Perim (representing the
Commissioners of Police of Aden)
1936 -
1959
....
Commissioners of Perim and (from 1963) Kuria
Muria Islands
1959 -
1963
Vincent Edward Frederick
Eyre (b. 1914 - d.
2007)
1963 - 196.
....
196. - 30 Nov
1967
Leslie Stewart Wink
(b. 1917 - d. 1968)
North Yemen (Sana)
-
- 1636 - 1876; 30 Oct
1918 - 1923
-
|
-
- 1876 - 30 Oct
1918
-
|
-
- 1918 - 1927
-
|
-
- 1927 - 27 Sep 1962
-
|
-
- 27 Sep 1962 - 1 Nov
1962
|
-
- 1 Nov 1962 - 22 May
1990
|
Map of North Yemen
|
|
Former
National Anthem
"al Watani"
(Peace to the Land)
(27 Sep 1962-1978)
-------------------------------
Former
Royal Anthem
"Royal Salute" (to 27 Sep
1962)
|
Constitution
(28 December 1970,
suspended 19 June 1974)
|
Capital: Sana
(Taizz 1948-1962
and 1226-1454;
Sana 1098-1173;
Jiblah 1047-1083)
|
Currency:
1964-1990
Yemeni Rial (YER);
1800-1964
Yemeni Imadi Riyal (YEI);
1872-1918 Ottoman Empire
Piastre (XOTP)
|
National Holiday:
26 Sep (1962)
Proclamation of the
Republic
(Revolution Day)
|
Population:
7,160,981 (1990)
|
GDP: $5.5
billion (1988)
|
Exports: $853
million (1988)
Imports: $1.3
billion (1988)
|
Ethnic groups:
Arab 90%, Afro-Arab (mixed) 10%
|
Total Armed
Forces: 44,500 (1981)
40,447 (1962)
Merchant marine: 1
ship (1990)
|
Religions:
Muslim 100% (Sunni 50% and Shia 50%)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: ACC, AFESD, AL,
AMF, AOAD, Arabsat, BTWC (signatory),
ENMOD, ESCR, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM,
IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO,
Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISESCO, ITU,
LORCS, NAM, NPT, NTBT (signatory), OIC,
UN, UNCLOS (signatory), UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WToO
|
|
950 BC - 115
BC
Sabean Kingdom (Kingdom of Sheba).
100 BC - 525
AD
Himyar Kingdom
525 -
575
Part of Axum (Ethiopia).
575 -
632
Part of Sassainian (Persian)
Empire.
861 -
997
Ya'furid dynasty rule over San'a.
1022 -
1159
Najahid dynasty rule over Zabid.
1047 -
1138
Sulayhid dynasty rules over Yemen.
1173 -
1229
Ayyubids of Egypt control
Southern Yemen and Aden.
1229 -
1442
Rasulid dynasty rule over Yemen.
1454 - 1517
Tahirid dynasty rule over Yemen.
1511 -
1517
Sana occupied by the Egyptian Mameluke Sultanate.
1517 - 1636
Part of the Ottoman
Empire (conquest of Sana
23 Aug 1547).
1517
Ottoman Eyalet of Yemen established.
21 Aug 1567 - 26 Jul 1569 Anti-Ottoman rebellion
in Sana.
Sep
1597
Qasimi State established, called Yemen from c.1905.
1833 - 22 Apr
1840
Egypt occupies Red Sea coast of Yemen (Hodeida 3 Dec
1833 -
22 Apr
1840, Tiaiz in 1837).
1849
Ottoman Eyalet of Yemen re-established.
25 Apr
1872
Ottomans re-occupy Sana, Vilayet of
Yemen established.
23 Nov 1876
Annexed to
Ottoman Empire.
Sep
1904
Anti-Ottoman revolt begins.
Apr 1905 - Sep
1905 Yemenis
occupy Sana.
30 Oct
1918
Independence from Ottoman Empire (Mutawakkilite
Kingdom of Yemen).
23 Jan
1919
Last Ottoman forices in northern Yemen surrender.
24 Jul 1923
Turkey sovereignty over Yemen ended by the Treaty of
Lausanne.
1926
Nejd annexes Najran
(not recognized by Yemen).
20 May
1934
Kingdom of Yemen formally cedes Najran, Asir, and Jizan
to Saudi Arabia.
2 Sep
1926
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen internationally
recognized.
8 Mar 1958 - 26 Dec 1961
Federated with the United
Arab Republic (Egypt [and to 28 Sep 1961
Syria]) as United Arab States.
27 Sep
1962
Yemen Arab Republic
5 Oct 1962 - 31 Mar 1970 Yemeni
Royalist government in Saudi Arabia exile.
22 May
1990
Unification with Yemen (Aden) as Republic of Yemen.
Rulers
861 -
872
Ya'fur bin Abdül-Rahman
872 -
892
Mohammed bin Ya'fur
892
Abdul Qadir bin Ahmad
892 -
898
Ibrahim
898 -
943
As'ad
943 -
963
Mohammed bin Ibrahim
963 -
997
Abdüllah bin Kahtan
1173 -
1181
Mu'azzma Shamsuddin
1181 -
1197
Aziz Zahiruddin Tughtigin
1197 -
1202
Mu'izzuddin Isma'il
1202 -
1214
Nasir Ayyub
1214 -
1215
Muzaffar Sulayman
1215 -
1229
Mas'ud Salahuddin Yusuf
1229 -
1250
Mansur Nuruddin Umar I
1250 -
1295
Muzaffar Shamsuddin Yusuf I
1295 -
1296
Ashraf Munahhiduddin Umar II
1296 -
1322
Mu'ayyad Hizabruddin Da'ud
1322 -
1363
Mujahid Saifuddin Ali
1363 -
1377
Afdal Dirghamuddin al-Abbas
1377 -
1400
Ashraf Mumahhiduddin Isma'il I
1400 -
1424
Nasir Salahuddin Ahmad
1424 -
1427
Mansur Abdüllah
1427 -
1428
Ashraf Isma'il II
1428 -
1439
Zahir Yahya
1439 -
1442
Ashraf Isma'il III
1442
Muzaffar Yusuf II
1454 -
1460
Zafir Salahuddin Amir I
1460 -
1478
Mujahid Shamsuddin Ali
1478 -
1489
Mansur Tajuddin Abdul-Wahhab
1489 -
1516
Zafir Salahuddin Amir II
Ottoman governors
1511 - 28 Feb 1517
Huseyin Bey al-Kurdi
28 Feb - Jul
1517
Barsbay bey
Jul 1517 -
1521
Iskender Bey
1521 -
1524
Kemal Bey al-Rumi
1524 - May 1524
Karamanli Iskender Bey
1524 -
1526
Hüseyin Bey al-Rumi
1526 - Jul
1527
Mustafa Bey al-Rumi
1527 -
1528
Selman Reis
1528
Hayreddin Hamza Bey
1528 -
1530
Mustafa Bey
1530 -
1536
Iskender bin Suli al-Mawz
1536 -
1539
Nahüda Ahmed Bey
1539 -
1540
Behram Bey (in Zabid)
1539 -
1540
Mustafa Bey
1540 -
1545
Mustafa Neshshar Bey
(1st time)
1545 - 27 Jun
1547
Üveys Pasha
(d. 1547)
1547 - 1549
Ferhad Pasha
1549 -
1555
Özdemir Pasha
1555 - 1559
Mustafa Neshshar Pasha
(2nd time)
1559 - 1561
Karashahin Mustafa Pasha
1561 -
1565
Mahmud Pasha
(d. 1567)
Aug 1565 - Apr
1567 Ridwan
Pasha
+ Murad Pasha
Sep 1567 - 1570
Rus Hasan
Pasha
(d. 1582)
1570 -
1575
Behram Pasha
1576 -
1580/81
Kuyucu Murad Pasha
1580/81 - 1604
Yemenli Hasan Pasha
1604 -
1607
Emir Sinan Pasha
1607 -
1612
Cafer Pasha
1612 -
1616
Ibrahim Pasha
1616 -
1622
Mehmed Pasha
1622 -
1624
Fazli Pasha
1624 -
1626
Haydar Pasha
1626 -
1628
Gürcü Ahmed Pasha
1628 -
1629
Aydin
Pasha
(d. 1629)
1629 - Oct 1635
Kansuh Bey
Oct 1635 -
1636
Arnavut Mustafa Bey (acting)
Imams¹
Sep 1597 - 19 Feb 1620 Qasim I bin
Muhammad
(b. 1561 - d. 1620)
19 Feb 1620 - 29 Sep 1644 Muhammad I bin
al-Mansur Bi'llah (b. 1582 - d. 1644)
Qasim
29 Sep 1644 - Aug 1676 `Ala
Allah Ismail bin al-Mansur (b. 1610 - d.
1676)
Bi'llah Qasim
Aug 1676 - 29 Jun 1681 Ahmad I
bin al-Hassan
(b. 1633 - d. 1681)
29 Jun 1681 - 27 Apr 1686 Muhammad II bin al-Mutawakkil
(b. 1634 - d. 1686)
`Ala
Allah Ismail
27 Apr 1686 - 2 Aug 1718 Muhammad
III un-Nasir bin
(b. 1637 - d. 1718)
al-Mahdi Ahmed
1718 -
1723
Qasim II ibn Husain (1st time)
(d. 1727)
1723
Nasir Muhammad bin Ishaq
(b. 1680 - d. 1754)
1723 - 23 Apr
1727
Qasim II ibn Husain (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1727 -
1728
Muhammad IV al-Hadi al-Majid
ibn Ali
1728 - 6 Mar
1748
Mansur ibn
Qasim
(d. 1748)
7 Mar 1748 - 4 Sep
1775 Abbas I ibn
Mansur
(b. 1719 - d. 1775)
15 Sep 1775 - 25 Oct 1809 Ali I ibn
al-Abbas
(b. 1738 - d. 1809)
25 Oct 1809 - 9 Sep 1816 Ahmad II
ibn
Ali
(b. 1756 - d. 1816)
10 Sep 1816 - 28 Nov 1835 Abdullah I ibn
Ahmad
(b. 1793 - d. 1835)
28 Nov 1835 - Feb 1837 Ali II ibn
Abdullah (1st time) (b. 1812 -
d. 1871)
Feb 1837 - Feb
1840 Abdullah
II ibn al-Hassan
(b. 1811 - d. 1840)
Apr 1840 - 10 Jan 1844
Muhammad IV ibn Ahmad al-Hadi
(d. 1844)
1841 -
1844
al-Qasim ibn Ahmad (in rebellion)
10 Jan 1844 - Dec
1845 Ali II ibn Abdullah (2nd
time) (s.a.)
Dec 1845 -
1848
Muzaffar ad-Din Muhammad V ibn (d.
1849)
Yahya
1848 -
1849
Ahmad III ibn Hashim
(d. 1852)
1849 -
1850
Ali II ibn Abdullah (3rd time) (s.a.)
1850 (3 months)
al-`Abbas II ibn `Abd ar-Rahman (d.
1880)
1850 -
1852
Ghalib ibn Muhammad (1st time) (b.
1823 - d. 1885)
1852 -
1857
Ahmad ibn Ahmad al-Haymi
(governor
of Sana)
1857 -
1858
Sheikh Abdullah ibn Yusuf
(governor of Sana)
Ottoman Walis (governors) of Yemen
May 1850 - Mar
1851 Mustafa
Sabri Pasha
Mar 1851 - Oct
1851 Mehmed
Sirri Pasha
Oct 1851 - May
1852 Bonaparta
Mustafa Pasha
(d. 1852)
May 1852 - May
1856 Kürt
Mehmed Pasha
May 1856 - Dec
1862 Babanli
Ahmed Pasha (1st time)
Dec 1862 - Aug
1864 Musullu
Ali Yaver Pasha
Aug 1864 - Feb
1867 Babanli
Ahmed Pasha (2nd time)
Feb 1867 - Mar
1869 Tacirli
Ahmed Pasha
Mar 1869 - May
1871 Halepli
Ali Pasha
May 1871 - Aug
1871 Topal
Bursali Mehmed Redif Pasha
Sep 1871 - May
1873
Katircioglu Ahmed Muhtar Pasha (b.
1839 - d. 1919)
May 1873 - Apr
1875 Ahmed
Eyyub Pasha
Apr 1875 - Apr
1879 Mustafa
Asim Pasha
Dec 1879 - Dec
1882
Botgoriceli Ismail Hakki Pasha
Dec 1882 - Dec
1884 Mehmed
Izzet Pasha
Dec 1884 - Dec
1886 Ahmed
Fevzi Pasha (1st time)
Dec 1886 - Dec
1887 Ahmed
Aziz Pasha
Dec 1887 - Jun
1889 Topal
Osman Nuri Pasha
Jun 1889 - May
1890 Potirikli
Osman Nuri Pasha
May 1890 - Apr
1891
Botgoriceli Ismail Hakki Pasha
Apr 1891 - Dec
1891 Hasan
Edip Pasha
Dec 1891 - May
1898 Ahmed
Fevzi Pasha (2nd time)
May 1898 - Oct
1902 Huseyin
Hilmi Pasha
(b. 1855 - d. 1922)
Oct 1902 - Aug
1904 Çerkes
Abdullah Reshid Pasha
Aug 1904 - Aug
1905 Biren
Mehmed Tevfik Pasha
Aug 1905 - Oct
1908 Ahmed
Fevzi Pasha (3rd time)
Oct 1908 - Jan
1910 Arnavud
Hasan Tahsin Pasha (b.
1845 - d. 1918)
Jan 1910 - Apr
1910 Kamil Bey
Apr 1910 - Nov
1911 Mehmed
Ali Pasha
Nov 1911 - Nov
1918 Akdilek
Mahmud Pasha
Imams¹
1858 -
1872
Ghalib ibn Muhammad (2nd time) (s.a.)
1859 -
1863
al-Husayn ibn
Muhammad
(d. 1888)
(in rebellion)
1872 -
1876
Muhsin ibn Ahmad
(d. 1878)
(in rebellion from 1871)
Oct 1878 - 1890
Sharaf ad-Din Muhammad (at Sa`da) (b. 1820 - d.
1890)
1882 -
1901
Muhammad (VI) al-Huthi al-Mahdi
(in rebellion)
Jul 1890 - 4 Jun
1904 Muhammad VI ibn Yahya Hamid
ad-Din (b. 1839 - d. 1904)
4 Jun 1904 - 2 Sep
1926 Yahya ibn
Muhammad
(b. 1867 - d. 1948)
Imams and Kings¹
2 Sep 1926 - 17 Feb 1948
Yahya ibn
Muhammad
(s.a.)
18 Feb 1948 - 14 Mar 1948 Abdullah (III)
ibn Ahmad al-Wazir (b. 1888 - d. 1948)
15 Mar 1948 - 1 Apr 1955 Ahmad (IV)
ash-Shams (1st time) (b. 1891 - d.
1962)
1 Apr 1955 - 5 Apr
1955 Abdullah (IV) ibn
Yahya
(b. 1912 - d. 1955)
5 Apr 1955 - 18 Sep 1962
Ahmad (IV) ash-Shams (2nd time) (s.a.)
19 Sep 1962 - 27 Sep 1962 Muhammad (VII)
al-Badr
(b. 1929 - d. 1996)
(continuing in rebellion to Mar 1970
[from 1967 in at-Ta´if, Saudi Arabia exile])
Presidents
27 Sep 1962 - 5 Nov 1967 Abdullah
as-Sallal
(b. 1917 - d. 1994) Mil
(chairman Revolutionary Command Council to 3 Oct 1962)
5 Nov 1967 - 13 Jun 1974
Abdul Rahman
al-Iryani
(b. 1910 - d. 1998) Mil
(chairman Republican Council)
13 Jun 1974 - 11 Oct 1977 Ibrahim
Muhammad
al-Hamadi
(b. 1943 - d. 1977) Mil
(chairman Command Council to 13 Jun 1975)
11 Oct 1977 - 24 Jun 1978 Ahmad
al-Ghashmi
(b. 1938 - d. 1978) Mil
(chairman Presidential Council to 22 Apr 1978)
24 Jun 1978 - 18 Jul 1978 Abdul Karim
Abdullah al-Arashi (b. 1934 - d.
2006) Non-party
(chairman Presidential Council)
18 Jul 1978 - 22 May 1990 Ali Abdullah
Saleh
(b. 1942 - d. 2017)None;1982 MSA
Prime ministers
17 Feb 1948 - 18 Feb 1948
Ibrahim bin Yahya Hamid al-Din (b.
1915 - d. 1948) Non-party
Feb 1948 - Apr 1948
Ali ibn Abdullah
al-Wazir
(s.a.)
Non-party
Apr 1948 - 18 Jun 1955
Prince Hassan ibn
Yahya
(b. 1908 - d. 2003) Non-party
18 Jun 1955 - 28 Sep 1962 Vacant
28 Sep 1962 - 26 Apr 1963
Abdullah as-Sallal (1st
time) (s.a.)
Mil
26 Apr 1963 - 5 Oct 1963
Abdul Latif Dayfallah (1st time) (b. 1930 -
d. 2019) Mil
5 Oct 1963 - 10 Feb 1964
Abdul Rahman
al-Iryani
(s.a.)
Non-party
10 Feb 1964 - 29 Apr 1964 Hassan
al-Amri (1st
time)
(b. 1916 - d. 1989) Mil
29 Apr 1964 - 6 Jan 1965
Hamoud
al-Jaifi
(b. 1918 - d. 1985) Non-party
6 Jan 1965 - 20 Apr 1965
Hassan al-Amri (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
20 Apr 1965 - 6 Jul 1965
Ahmad Muhammad Numan (1st time) (b.
1909 - d. 1996) Non-party
6 Jul 1965 - 20 Jul 1965
Abdullah as-Sallal (2nd
time) (s.a.)
Mil
20 Jul 1965 - 18 Sep 1966 Hassan
al-Amri (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
18 Sep 1966 - 5 Nov 1967
Abdullah as-Sallal (3rd
time) (s.a.)
Mil
5 Nov 1967 - 21 Dec 1967
Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini (1st time) (b.
1932 - d. 2021) Non-party
21 Dec 1967 - 9 Jul 1969
Hassan al-Amri (4th
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
9 Jul 1969 - 2 Sep
1969 Abdul Salam Sabrah (1st time)
(b. 1912 - d. 2012) Non-party
(acting)
2 Sep 1969 - 5 Feb
1970 Abdullah
Kurshumi
(b. 1932 - d. 2007) Non-party
5 Feb 1970 - 26 Feb 1971
Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini (2nd time) (s.a.)
Non-party
26 Feb 1971 - 3 May 1971
Abdul Salam Sabrah (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
(acting)
3 May 1971 - 24 Aug 1971
Ahmad Muhammad Numan (2nd time) (s.a.)
Non-party
24 Aug 1971 - 5 Sep 1971
Hassan al-Amri (5th
time)
(s.a.)
Mil
5 Sep 1971 - 18 Sep 1971
Abdul Salam Sabrah (3rd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
(acting)
18 Sep 1971 - 30 Dec 1972 Mohsin
Ahmad al-Aini (3rd time) (s.a.)
Non-party
30 Dec 1972 - 10 Feb 1974 Kadhi
Abdullah
al-Hagri
(b. 1917 - d. 1977) Non-party
10 Feb 1974 - 22 Jun 1974 Hassan
Muhammad
Makki
(b. 1933 - d. 2016) Non-party
(acting to 3 Mar 1974)
22 Jun 1974 - 16 Jan 1975 Mohsin
Ahmad al-Aini (4th time) (s.a.)
Non-party
16 Jan 1975 - 25 Jan 1975 Abdul
Latif Dayfallah (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mil
(acting)
25 Jan 1975 - 15 Oct 1980 Abdul
Aziz Abdul Ghani (1st time) (b. 1939 - d.
2011) MSA
15 Oct 1980 - 13 Nov 1983 Abdul
Karim Ali
al-Iryani
(b. 1934 - d. 2015) MSA
13 Nov 1983 - 22 May 1990 Abdul Aziz Abdul
Ghani (2nd time)
(s.a.)
MSA
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen in
Exile
5 Oct
1962
Prince Hassan forms a royalist exile government in
Jedda,
Saudi Arabia.
21 Dec
1962
UN General Assembly accepts the credentials of
the
republican government.
28 Nov 1967 - 7 Feb 1968 Failed royalist
siege of Sana.
31 Mar
1970
Yemen Republic acceptance of the proposed reconciliation
agreement with Saudi Arabia and the Yemeni royalists.
Imam and King¹
27 Sep 1962 - 31 Mar 1970 Muhammad (VII)
al-Badr
(s.a.)
(in northern Yemen, from Mar 1969
in
at-Ta´if, Saudi Arabia exile)
Prime ministers
5 Oct 1962 - 17 Oct 1962
Ahmed al-Sayari
Non-party
17 Oct 1962 - 11 Apr 1967 Prince Hassan
ibn Yahya (2nd time) (s.a.)
Non-party
Apr 1967 - 15 Jan 1969
Prince Abdur Rahman ibn
Yahya (b.
1937) Non-party
15 Jan 1969 - 31 Mar 1970 Prince Hassan
ibn Yahya (3rd time) (s.a.)
Non-party
¹Full
style of the ruler:
(a) to about 2 Sep 1926: Imam
al-Muslimin, Amir al-Mu'minin ("Imam of
the Muslimin, Amir of the Faithful");
(b) until 27 Sep 1962, and in dissidence to Mar
1970: Imam al-Muslimin, Amir al-Mu'minin,
Malik al-Mamlaka al-Mutawakkiliyya al-Yamaniyya ("Imam
of the Muslimin, Amir of the Faithful, King of the
Mutawakkili Yemeni Kingdom").
Territorial Disputes: North Yemen
(Sana) claimed the Kamaran Islands and Perim Island held
by South Yemen; sections of the boundary with South
Yemen indefinite or undefined; section of boundary with
Saudi Arabia.
Party abbreviations: MSA
= Al-Mo'tamar Ash-Sha'abiy Al-'Aam
(General People's Congress, Arab nationalist,
authoritarian, right-wing, Arab nationalist, est.1982);
Mil = Military
Dutch Mocha
28 Jan 1621 - Apr 1623 Dutch
factory at Mocha (al-Mukha)
(and again briefly 1638-1639).
1657
Dutch
factory at Mocha under the Dutch
East India
Company (subordinated to Suratte to
1707, then to Batavia).
27 Aug 1684 - 21 Aug 1696 Factory closed.
Sep
1739
Dutch factory closed, coffee trade continues to 1755.
Dutch factors
28 Jan 1621 - Jul
1621 Harman van Gil
(d. 1621)
Jul 1621 - Apr 1623
Willem Jacobsz. de Milde
Nov 1638 -
1639
Corneils van de Graeff
Dutch Heads (Hoofden)
30 Oct 1657 - 9 Sep 1659 Justinus
Weyns (1st time)
26 Aug 1676 - 1679
Justinus Weyns (2nd time)
27 Aug 1684 - 21 Aug 1696 Vacant
21 Aug 1696 - 18 Jul 1701 Nicolaas Welters
(Velters)
1701 -
1707
Adriaan van den Heuvel (acting)
1707 - 7 Sep 1708
Johan Josua
Ketelaar
(b. 1659 - d. 1718)
Dutch Residents
at Mocha
11 Sep 1708 -
1710
Christiaan van Vrijbergen (1st time)
21 Feb 1710 - 15 Jul
1712 Hendrik Willemzoon van der
Burgh
15 Jul 1712 - 1714
Christiaan
van Vrijbergen (2nd time)
1714 - 22 Aug 1715
Petrus Adolphy (Adelphy)
22 Aug 1715 - 5 Aug 1718
Abraham Pantser (Panzer)
5 Aug 1718 - 16 Sep 1721
Joan van Leeuwen
16 Sep 1721 - 23 Sep 1721 Arnold
van der Cruyce
23 Sep 1721 - 9 Dec 1721
Dirk Meeuwissoon
11 Sep 1722 - 14 Sep 1724
Jacobus van Steenwijk
(b. c.1687 - d. 17..)
14 Sep 1724 - 21 Sep 1729 Johan
Elias van Mylendonk
(b. 1693 - d. 1775)
9 Sep 1728 - 29
Jul 1729 Johannes Groengraft
5 May 1730 - 26 Sep 1730
Willem van den Berg (1st time)
18 Jun 1732 - 12 Sep 1732 Willem van den
Berg (2nd time)
27 Aug 1732 - 12 Aug 1733
Nicolaas Duyt
(b. c.1709 - d. 17..)
12 Aug 1733 - 21 Sep 1739 Jacob
Akersloot (acting)
(b. 1711 - d.
1789)
11 Sep 1733 - 12 Sep 1739 Willem van den
Berg (3rd time)
Yemen
22 May
1990
Unification as Republic of Yemen.
21 May 1994 - 7 Jul 1994 Former
South Yemen (Aden)
in secession as
(Democratic Republic of Yemen).
Chairman of the Presidential Council
22 May 1990 - 1 Oct 1994 Ali
Abdullah
Saleh
(b. 1942 - d. 2017) MSA
Presidents
1 Oct 1994
- 25 Feb 2012 Ali Abdullah
Saleh
(s.a.)
MSA
4 Jun 2011 - 23 Sep
2011 Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi (1st time) (b.
1945) MSA
(acting for Saleh)
22 Jan 2012 - 25 Feb 2012
Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi (2nd time) (s.a.)
MSA
(acting for Saleh)
25 Feb 2012 - 6 Feb 2015 Abdu Rabu
Mansour
Hadi
(s.a.)
MSA
(continues in opposition at Aden 21 Feb - 25
Mar
and 22 Sep - Oct 2015; in Saudi Arabia exile
26 Mar - 22 Sep 2015 and Oct
2015 - 19 Apr 2022;
retaining international recognition)
President of the Supreme
Revolutionary Committee
6 Feb 2015 -
Muhammad Ali
al-Houthi
(b. 1979)
Huthi
Presidents of the Supreme Political Council
15 Aug 2016 - 19 Apr 2018 Saleh Ali
al-Sammad
(b. 1979 - d. 2018) Huthi
25 Apr 2018
-
Mahdi al-Mashat
(b. 1986)
Huthi
19 Apr 2022
-
Rashad
al-Alimi
(b. 1954)
Mil
(chairman of Presidential Leadership Council,
internationally recognized)
Prime ministers
22 May 1990 - 9 May 1994 Haidar Abu
Bakr
al-Attas
(b.
1939)
HIY
9 May 1994
- 6 Oct 1994 Muhammad Said al-Attar
(acting) (b. 1927 - d. 2005)
Non-party
6 Oct 1994
- 14 May 1997 Abdul Aziz Abdul
Ghani
(b. 1939 - d. 2011) MSA
14 May 1997 - 29 Apr 1998 Faraj Said Bin
Ghanem
(b. 1937 - d. 2007) Non-party
29 Apr 1998 - 7 Apr
2001 Abdul Karim Ali
al-Iryani
(b. 1934 - d. 2015) MSA
(acting to 14 May 1998)
7 Apr 2001
- 7 Apr 2007 Abdul Qader
Bajamal
(b. 1946 - d. 2020) MSA
7 Apr 2007 - 10 Dec
2011 Ali Muhammad Mujawar
(b. 1953)
MSA
4 Jun 2011 - 23 Aug 2011 Hasan
Ahmas
al-Lawzi
(b. 1952 - d. 2020) MSA
(acting for Mujawar)
10 Dec 2011 - 9 Nov 2014
Muhammad Salim Basindwah
(b. 1935)
Non-party
21 Sep 2014 - 9 Nov 2014 Abdullah
Mohsen al-Akwa
(b. 1961)
Non-party
(acting for Basindwah)
9 Nov 2014 - 6 Feb 2015 Khaled
Mahafoudh Bahah
(b. 1965)
Non-party
(continues in Hadi government Mar 2015 - 4 Apr 2016)
Feb? 2016 - 28 Nov 2016 Talal
Abdulkarim Aqlan (acting)
Huthi
4 Apr 2016 - 18 Oct 2018 Ahmad
Obaid Bin
Daghr
(b. 1952)
MSA
(in Hadi government)
28 Nov 2016 -
Abdul Aziz bin
Habtour
(b.
1955)
MSA
18 Oct 2018
-
Maeen Abdul Malik
Saeed
(b. 1976)
Non-party
(in Hadi government)
Territorial Disputes: Saudi Arabia
has reinforced its concrete-filled security barrier
along sections of the fully demarcated border with Yemen
to stem illegal cross-border activities; since
Oct 2010 Somalia has claimed the islands of the Socotra
Archipelago (Socotra, Abd al Kuri, Darsah, and Samhah)
that are part of Yemen.
Party abbreviations: HIY
= Al-Hizb Al-Ishtiraki Al-Yamani
(Yemeni Socialist Party [YSP], coalition of
National Front, Bath, and Communist Parties, former NLF,
to 1990 Marxist-Leninist, democratic socialist, pan-Arab,
1978-1990 only legal party, est.1978);
Huthi = al-Huthiyyun (The Huthis, also called
Ansar Allah [Supporters of God], Zaydi Shia militant,
est.1994); MSA = Al-Mo'tamar
Ash-Sha'abiy Al-'Aam (General People's Congress, Arab
nationalist, authoritarian, right-wing, Arab
nationalist, est.1982)
© Ben Cahoon
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