Austria
 

c.1230 - 20 Mar 1786 Archduchy of Austria   c.1686 - 20 Mar 1786 Naval Ensign (officially adopted 29 Nov 1749)     20 Mar 1786 - 1 Aug 1869 Austria National Ensign; 1 Aug 1869 - 12 Nov 1918 Naval Ensign 11 Aug 1804 - 11 Nov 1918 Imperial Flag Austrian Empire 6 Mar 1869 - 12 Nov 1918 Austria-Hungary National Civil Flag   in use 12 Nov 1918 - 21 Oct 1919; 21 Oct 1919 - 13 Mar 1938 Civil Ensign   21 Oct 1919 - 1 May 1934 State Flag   1 May 1934 -13 Mar 1938 State Flag     13 Mar 1938 - 30 Apr 1945   Adopted 1 May 1945 (confirmed 1984)   Adopted 1 May 1945 State Flag   Map of Austria Hear National Anthem "Bundeshyme" (Federal Hymn) Adopted 25 Feb 1947 Former Anthem "Deutsch-Österreich"  (German-Austria) (1920-1929) ----------------------------------- Former Anthem "Sei gesegnet ohne Ende" (Be Blessed Without End) (1929-13 Mar 1938) Constitution   (1920-1934, from 1 May 1945) Capital: Vienna (Wien) (Melk 976-1089; Gars c.1089-c.1095; Tulln c.1095-1113; Klosterneuburg 1113-1145) Currency: Euro (EUR); 1947 - 1 Jan 2002 Austrian Schilling (ATS); 1944-45 Austria Allied Military Schillings (ATM); 1938-1945 German Reichsmark (DER); 1923-1938 & 1945-1947 Austria Old Schilling (ATO); 1918-1923 Austrian Kronen (ATK); 1892-1918 Austro- Hungarian Kronen (ATK);  1857-1892 Austro-Hungarian  Gulden (ATG); 1753-1857 Austrian Convention Gulden (ATP) 1524-1753  Austrian Gulden (XATA) National Holiday: 26 Oct (1955) Nationalfeiertag (National Day) (1956-1964 named Tag der Fahne  [Day of the Flag]) ------------------------------------ 1919-1934: 12 Nov (1918) Nationalfeiertag (National Day); 1934-1937: 1 May (1934) Proklamation der Verfassung (Proclamation of the Constitution) Population: 8,967,982 (2024)  GDP: $590.3 billion (2023) Exports: $306.4 billion (2023) Imports: $288.1 billion (2023) Ethnic Groups: Austrian 84.2%, German 2.1% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Serbian 1.4%, Turkish 1.3%, Romanian 1.2%, Bosnian or Herzegovinian 1.1%, other 10.8% (2018) note: data represent population by nationality Total Active Armed Forces: 22,050 (2021) Merchant marine: 1 ship (2023) Religions: Roman Catholic 55.2%, Muslim 8.3%, Orthodox Christian 4.9%, Evangelical Christian 3.8%, Jewish 0.1%, other 5.4%, none 22.4% (2021) International Organizations/Treaties: ADB (nonregional), AfDB (nonregional), AG, AIIB (nonregional), ANT, APM, BIS, BSEC (observer), BTWC, CCM, CD, CE, CERN, CTBT, CWC, DC, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ENMOD, ESA, ESCR, EU, Euratom, Eutelsat, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partner), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, Moon, MTCR, NAM (guest), NEA, NPT, NSG, NTBT, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, OST, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WA, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Austria Index Chronology c.15 BC - c.400 AD         Part of the Roman Empire. c.400 - 454                Ruled by the Huns. 454 - 489                  Rugians (Rugii) rule. 489 -  2 Apr 568           Lombard (Langobard) rule (see Italy).  2 Apr 568 - 799           Avar rule. 799 -  4 Jul 907           Frankish rule as the Marca Orientalis.  4 Jul 907 - Sep 955       Hungarian rule. Sep 955 - 17 Sep 1156      Part of Bavaria and organized as the Marca Orientalis                              from Jul 976 under Babenberg dynasty.  1 Nov 996                 First recorded use of modern name for Austria                              (Ostarrîchi). 17 Sep 1156                Duchy of Austria (Herzogtum Österreich), elevated by                              the Privilegium Minus, independent of the Duchy of                              Bavaria; under Babenberg dynasty until 15 Jun 1246. Jan 1237 - Dec 1239        Imperial administration. Apr 1247 -  6 Dec 1251     Imperial administration.  6 Dec 1251 - 21 Nov 1276  Bohemian rule. 21 Nov 1276 - 27 Dec 1282  Imperial administration. 27 Dec 1282                Habsburg (from 29 Nov 1780, Habsburg-Lothringen)                              dynasty established.  1 Jun 1283                Primogeniture established. 25 Sep 1379                Division into Albertine (in Niederösterreich and                              Oberösterreich) and Leopoldine lines (in Kärnten,                              Steiermark, Tirol, Vorlande, Krain, and Istrien)                              (ratified 17 Jan 1380); both lines are styled                              Herzog zu Österreich ("Duke of Austria"). 10 Oct 1386                Division is suspended, senior family members govern                              during the rulers minorities. 22 Nov 1395                Joint rule, with division of income only                              (Mutschierung), by the Treaty of Hollenburg.  6 Jan 1453                Archduchy of Austria (Erzherzogtum Österreich); later                              in official use in full: Archduchy of Austria above                              and below the Enns (Erzherzogtum Österreich ob und                              unter der Enns); from this date Archdukes are                              continually elected Holy Roman Emperor (except                              1741-1745)(see under Germany). 23 Nov 1457                Inherited by Leopoldine Line upon extinction of                              Albertine Line. 29 Jan 1485 -  1 Jun 1485  Hungarian siege of Vienna.  1 Jun 1485 -  6 Apr 1490  Occupied by Hungary. 23 Oct 1526                Bohemia, and from 16 Dec 1526 Hungary, in personal                              union with Austria. 27 Sep 1529 – 15 Oct 1529  First Ottoman siege of Vienna. 17 Jul 1683 - 12 Sep 1683  Second Ottoman siege of Vienna. 11 Aug 1804                Kaiserthum Österreich¹ 13 Nov 1805 - 12 Jan 1806  French occupation of Vienna.  6 Aug 1806                Holy Roman Empire dissolved. 12 May 1809 - 20 Nov 1809  French occupation of Vienna. 20 Jun 1815 - 24 Aug 1866  Austria a member of the German Confederation²                               (see under Germany). 20 Mar 1848                Responsible government introduced. 21 Dec 1867                "Austrian" half of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy,                              officially styled Die im Reichsrat vertretenen                              Königreiche und Länder¹ ("The Kingdoms and Lands                              Represented in the Imperial Council"); informally                              known from its inception as Österreich (Austria). 14 Nov 1868                Term "Austro-Hungarian Monarchy" (Österreichisch-                              Ungarische Monarchie/Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia) is                              given official sanction. 11 Oct 1915                First official use of the style Austria (Österreich)                              by passing of an Imperial Rescript. 16 Oct 1918                Emperor Karl I signs the Völkermanifest ("The Peoples                              Manifesto"), through which the Austrian Empire is to                              be reorganized into a federal state (not effected). 28 Oct 1918                Czechoslovak State declares independence. 30 Oct 1918                Provisional National Assembly assumes the supreme                              power of the State of German-Austria (Staat                              Deutschösterreich) in accordance with a resolution                              passed by the Provisional National Assembly. 31 Oct 1918                Slovene National Council in Ljubljana (Laibach)                              proclaims entry into the Slovene, Croat, and Serb                              State. 31 Oct 1918                Hungary declares end of personal union with Austria.  1 Nov 1918                Ukrainian state (in Galicia) declares independence. 11 Nov 1918                Emperor Karl I relinquishes participation in all                              affairs of state in Austria. 12 Nov 1918                State of German-Austria (Staat Deutschösterreich)                              (also in official use: Republik Deutschösterreich,                              and Deutschösterreichische Republik). German-Austria                              is proclaimed a democratic republic as part of a                              projected German Republic. 12 Nov 1918                End of Habsburg dynastic rule by the decision of the                              Provisional National Assembly of the State of German                              -Austria. 10 Apr 1919                All titles of nobility and rights abolished. 10 Sep 1919                In Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye Austria recognizes                               independence of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland,                              the Yugoslav state, and cedes Carniola (Slovenia),                              Dalmatia, Bosnia-Hercegovina to the Yugoslav state,                              Bukovina to Romania and Southern Tyrol, Trient,                               Görz (Gorizia), Istria and Trieste to Italy; and                              Austria is forbidden from union with Germany                              (treaty ratified on 16 Jul 1920). 23 Oct 1919                Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich).  1 May 1934                Federal State of Austria (Bundesstaat Österreich). 13 Mar 1938                Annexed to Germany, as the State of Austria (Land                              Österreich), colloquially called "Ostmark"; it is                              dissolved into separate Reichsgaue 1 May 1939.                               From 8 Apr 1942, the name for the seven Reichsgaue                              was Danubian and Alpine Reichsgaue (Alpen- und                              Donau-Reichsgaue)(see Austria States). 10 Apr 1938                Annexation ratified by plebiscite, 99.73% approve. 13 Apr 1945 - 27 Jul 1955  Allied occupation (Vienna 13 Apr 1945, Innsbruck                              3 May 1945, Salzburg 5 May 1945, Graz 8 May 1945). 27 Apr 1945                Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich)(restored).  1 Jan 1995                Part of European Union. States (since 1918) Crown Lands (to 1918) Joint Imperial Government (1867-1918) Allied Occupation (1945-1955)

Frankish Prefects (to c.856 also styled Confinii Comes [Counts of the Border])
799 - 802                  Goteram                            (b. 7.. - d. 802?)
802 - 806                  Werinher (Werner)                  (b. c.760 - d. 814)         
806 - c.808                Albirih (Alberich)       
c.808 - c.810              Gotafrid (Gottfried)               (b. 7.. - d. c.823?)         
c.810 - c.832              Gerold                             (b. 78. - d. af.838)        
c.832 - 856                Ratbot (Radbod, Radpot)    
856 - May? 863             Karlmann                           (b. c.830 - d. 880)
May? 863 - Apr 865         Gundachar                          (b. 8.. - d. 869) 
Apr 865 - Nov? 876         Karlmann                           (b. c.830 - d. 880)
Nov? 876 - 25 Dec 887      Arnolf (Arnulf)                    (b. c.850 - d. 899)
25 Dec 887 - May? 898      Aribo (1st time)                   (b. 84. - d. af.909) 
May? 898 - Sep? 898        Liutpold                           (b. 85. - d. 907)
Sep? 898 -  4 Jul 907      Aribo (2nd time)                   (s.a.)
Margraves (title Marchio)
Sep? 955 - Jul 976         Burchard (Burkhard)                (b. 91. - d. c.982)
Jul 976 - 10 Jul 994       Liutpold I "der Durchlauchtigte"   (b. c.923 - d. 994)
10 Jul 994 - 23 Jun 1018   Heinrich I "der Starke"            (b. c.965 - d. 1018)
23 Jun 1018 - 26 May 1055  Adalbert "der Siegreiche"          (b. c.985 - d. 1055)
26 May 1055 -  9 Jun 1075  Ernst "der Tapfere"                (b. 1027 - d. 1075)
 9 Jun 1075 - 12 Oct 1095  Liutpold II "der Schöne"           (b. c.1051 - d. 1095)
Jul 1081 - 1084            Wratizlaw II (dux Boemorum)        (b. c.1032 - d. 1092)
                             (Vratislav II, duke of Bohemia)

                             (pretender)
12 Oct 1095 - 15 Nov 1136  Liutpold III "der Heilige"         (b. 1073 - d. 1136)
15 Nov 1136 - 18 Oct 1141  Liutpold IV "der Grossherzige"     (b. c.1108 - d. 1141)
18 Oct 1141 - 17 Sep 1156  Heinrich II "Jasomirgott"          (b. c.1114 - d. 1177)
Dukes²
17 Sep 1156 - 13 Jan 1177  Heinrich II "Jasomirgott"          (s.a.)
13 Jan 1177 - 31 Dec 1194  Liutpold V "der Tugendreiche"      (b. c.1157 - d. 1194)
31 Dec 1194 - 16 Apr 1198  Fridrich I "der Katholische"       (b. 1175 - d. 1198)
16 Apr 1198 - 28 Jul 1230  Liutpold VI "der Glorreiche"       (b. c.1176 - d. 1230)
28 Jul 1230 - Jan 1237     Fridrich II "der Streitbare"       (b. 1210? - d. 1246)
                             (1st time)
Imperial Vicars for Austria and Styria
Apr? 1237 -  5 Jun 1237    Ekbert, Graf zu Meran, Bischof     (b. af.1173 - d. 1237)
                             zu Bamberg
 5 Jun 1237 - Oct 1237     Vacant
Oct 1237 - Dec 1239        Otto, Graf zu Eberstein (1st time) (d. 1279)
Dukes²

Dec 1239 - 15 Jun 1246     Fridrich II "der Streitbare"       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
15 Jun 1246 -  6 Dec 1251  Gertrud (Gertrudis) (f) -Duchess   (b. 1226 - d. 1288)
Jul? 1246 -  3 Jan 1247    Wladizlaw, marchio Moraviae -Regent(b. 122. - d. 1247)
                             (Vladislav V, margrave of Moravia)
1248 -  4 Oct 1250         Hermann, Markgraf zu Baden         (b. c.1220 - d. 1250)
                             (pretender)
Imperial Vicars for Austria and Styria
Apr 1247 - 1248            Otto, Graf zu Eberstein (2nd time) (s.a.)
1248 -  6 Dec 1251         Otto, Herzog zu Bayern             (b. 1206 - d. 1253)
Duke
 6 Dec 1251 - 21 Nov 1276  Premizl Otakar                     (b. 1230/33 - d. 1278)
                             (from 25 Dec 1261, King Přemysl Otakar of Bohemia)

Imperial Vicars over Austria and Styria
21 Nov 1276 - Jun 1278     Ludwig, Herzog zu Bayern           (b. 1229 - d. 1294)
Jun 1278 - May 1281        Vacant
May 1281 - 27 Dec 1282     Albrecht Graf zu Habsburg und      (b. 1248 - d. 1308)
                             Kyburg, Landgraf von Elsass
Dukes² 

27 Dec 1282 -  1 May 1308  Albrecht I (= Graf zu Habsburg)    (s.a.)
                           - jointly with -
27 Dec 1282 -  1 Jun 1283  Rudolf II                          (b. 1271 - d. 1290)
 1 May 1308 - 13 Jan 1330  Friedrich III "der Schöne"         (b. 1286 - d. 1330)
 1 May 1308 - 28 Feb 1326  Leopold I -Co-ruler                (b. 1290 - d. 1326)
                             "der Glorwürdige" (in the Vorlande)  
28 Feb 1326 - 20 Jul 1358  Albrecht II "der Weise"            (b. 1298 - d. 1358)
                             (co-ruler in the Vorlande to 13 Jan 1330)
13 Jan 1330 - 16 Feb 1339  Otto "der Fröhliche" -Co-ruler     (b. 1301 - d. 1339)
                             (in the Vorlande)
16 Feb 1339 - 10 Aug 1344  Leopold II (titular only)          (b. 1328 - d. 1344)
16 Feb 1339 - 11 Dec 1344  Friedrich IV (titular only)        (b. 1327 - d. 1344)
20 Jul 1358 - 27 Jul 1365  Rudolf IV "der Stifter"            (b. 1339 - d. 1365)
18 Nov 1364 - 29 Aug 1395  Albrecht III                       (b. 1348 - d. 1395)
                             (co-ruler to 27 Jul 1365)
18 Nov 1364 - 25 Sep 1379  Leopold III "der Biedere" -Co-ruler(b. 1351 - d. 1386)
                             (in Tyrol) 
29 Aug 1395 - 14 Sep 1404  Albrecht IV                        (b. 1377 - d. 1404)
29 Aug 1395 - 22 Nov 1395  Wilhelm "der Freundliche" -Regent  (b. 1370 - d. 1406)
22 Nov 1395 - 14 Sep 1404  Wilhelm "der Freundliche" -Co-ruler(s.a.)
14 Sep 1404 - 27 Oct 1439  Albrecht V                         (b. 1397 - d. 1439)
14 Sep 1404 - 15 Jul 1406  Wilhelm "der Freundliche" -Regent  (s.a.)
15 Jul 1406 -  3 Jun 1411  Leopold IV "der Stolze" -Regent    (b. 1371 - d. 1411)
13 Mar 1409 - 30 Oct 1411  Ernst II "der Eiserne" -Regent     (b. 1377 - d. 1424)
27 Oct 1439 - 22 Feb 1440  Friedrich V (1st time) (acting)    (b. 1415 - d. 1493)
22 Feb 1440 - 23 Nov 1457  Ladislaus "Postumus"               (b. 1440 - d. 1457)
22 Feb 1440 -  4 Sep 1452  Friedrich V -Regent                (s.a.)
23 Nov 1457 -  2 Dec 1462  Friedrich V "der Friedfertige"     (s.a.)

                             (2nd time)
27 Jun 1458 -  2 Dec 1463  Albrecht VI "der Freigebige"       (b. 1418 - d. 1463)
                             (co-ruler to 2 Dec 1462 in Österreich ob der Enns)
 2 Dec 1463 - 19 Aug 1493  Friedrich V                        (b. 1415 - d. 1493)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich III)
 1 Jun 1485 -  6 Apr 1490  Matthias Corvinus (in dissidence)  (b. 1443 - d. 1490)
                             (Mátyás Hunyadi Korvin, king of Hungary)
Archdukes² 

19 Aug 1493 - 12 Jan 1519  Maximilian I "der letzte Ritter"   (b. 1459 - d. 1519)
12 Jan 1519 - 28 Apr 1521  Karl I                             (b. 1500 - d. 1558)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Karl V)
28 Apr 1521 - 25 Jul 1564  Ferdinand I                        (b. 1503 - d. 1564)
25 Jul 1564 - 12 Oct 1576  Maximilian II                      (b. 1527 - d. 1576)
12 Oct 1576 - 20 Jan 1612  Rudolf V                           (b. 1552 - d. 1612)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II)
20 Jan 1612 - 20 Mar 1619  Matthias                           (b. 1557 - d. 1619)
                             (acting for Rudolf from 1593)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Matthias II)
20 Mar 1619 - 15 Feb 1637  Ferdinand II                       (b. 1578 - d. 1637)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III)
15 Feb 1637 -  2 Apr 1657  Ferdinand III                      (b. 1608 - d. 1657)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand IV)
 2 Apr 1657 -  5 May 1705  Leopold V                          (b. 1640 - d. 1705)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I)
 5 May 1705 - 17 Apr 1711  Joseph I                           (b. 1678 - d. 1711)
17 Apr 1711 - 20 Oct 1740  Karl III                           (b. 1685 - d. 1740)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Karl VI)
20 Oct 1740 - 29 Nov 1780  Maria Theresia -Archduchess        (b. 1717 - d. 1780)
21 Nov 1740 - 18 Aug 1765  Franz I Stephan -Co-ruler          (b. 1708 - d. 1765)
                             (Grand Duke of Tuscany Francesco II)

23 Sep 1765 - 20 Feb 1790  Joseph II                          (b. 1741 - d. 1790)
                             (co-ruler to 29 Nov 1780)
20 Feb 1790 -  1 Mar 1792  Leopold II                         (b. 1747 - d. 1792)
 1 Mar 1792 - 11 Aug 1804  Franz I                            (b. 1768 - d. 1835)
                             (Holy Roman Emperor Franz II)

Emperors²

11 Aug 1804 -  2 Mar 1835  Franz I                            (s.a.)

 2 Mar 1835 -  2 Dec 1848  Ferdinand I "der Gütige"           (b. 1793 - d. 1875)

                             (Austrian Archduke Ferdinand IV)

 4 Mar 1835 -  4 Apr 1848  Ludwig Erzherzog von               (b. 1784 - d. 1864)  Con

                             Österreich -Regent

                             (chairman of the state conference; de facto

                             regent for intermittently insane Ferdinand I)

25 Jun 1848 -  2 Dec 1848  Johann Erzherzog von               (b. 1782 - d. 1859)

                             Österreich -Regent

 2 Dec 1848 - 21 Nov 1916  Franz Joseph I                     (b. 1830 - d. 1916)

21 Nov 1916 - 12 Nov 1918  Karl I                             (b. 1887 - d. 1922)

                            (Austrian Archduke Karl IV)

Presidents

12 Nov 1918 -  4 Mar 1919  Directory of the Council of State

                           - Franz Dinghofer                  (b. 1873 - d. 1956)  Non-party

                           - Johann Nepomuk Hauser            (b. 1866 - d. 1927)  CSP

                           - Karl Seitz                       (b. 1869 - d. 1950)  SDAP

                           (chair rotating weekly)

 4 Mar 1919 -  5 Mar 1919  Anton David                        (b. 1849 - d. 1924)  SDAP

                            (president by age of the Constituent National Assembly)

 5 Mar 1919 -  9 Dec 1920  Karl Seitz                         (s.a.)               SDAP

                            (president of the Constituent National Assembly

                             to 23 Nov 1919, then acting president)

 9 Dec 1920 - 10 Dec 1928  Michael Hainisch                   (b. 1858 - d. 1940)  Non-party

10 Dec 1928 - 13 Mar 1938  Wilhelm Miklas                     (b. 1872 - d. 1956) CSP/Non-party

13 Mar 1938  (hours)       Arthur Seyss-Inquart (acting)      (b. 1892 - d. 1946)  NS

13 Mar 1938 - 13 Apr 1945  annexed to Germany

Reichsstatthalter in Österreich

15 Mar 1938 - 30 Apr 1939  Arthur Seyss-Inquart               (s.a.)               NS

Presidents

27 Apr 1945 - 31 Dec 1950  Karl Renner                        (b. 1870 - d. 1950) SPÖ/Non-party

                            (chairman of the Political Cabinet Council

                             of the Provisional Government to 20 Dec 1945)

31 Dec 1950 - 21 Jun 1951  Leopold Figl (acting)              (b. 1902 - d. 1965)  ÖVP

21 Jun 1951 -  4 Jan 1957  Theodor Körner                     (b. 1873 - d. 1957) SPÖ/Non-party

 4 Jan 1957 - 22 May 1957  Julius Raab (acting)               (b. 1891 - d. 1964)  ÖVP

22 May 1957 - 28 Feb 1965  Adolf Schärf                       (b. 1890 - d. 1965) SPÖ/Non-party

28 Feb 1965 -  9 Jun 1965  Josef Klaus (acting)               (b. 1910 - d. 2001)  ÖVP

 9 Jun 1965 - 24 Apr 1974  Franz Jonas                        (b. 1899 - d. 1974) SPÖ/Non-party

24 Apr 1974 -  8 Jul 1974  Bruno Kreisky (acting)             (b. 1911 - d. 1990)  SPÖ

 8 Jul 1974 -  8 Jul 1986  Rudolf Kirchschläger               (b. 1915 - d. 2000)  Non-party

 8 Jul 1986 -  8 Jul 1992  Kurt Josef Waldheim                (b. 1918 - d. 2007)  Non-party

 8 Jul 1992 -  6 Jul 2004  Thomas Klestil                     (b. 1932 - d. 2004) ÖVP/Non-party

 5 Jul 2004 -  6 Jul 2004  Wolfgang Schüssel                  (b. 1945)            ÖVP

                             (acting for Klestil)  

 6 Jul 2004 -  8 Jul 2004  Collegium

                           - Andreas Khol                     (b. 1941)            ÖVP 
                             (chairman ex-officio)

                           - Barbara Prammer, geb. Thaller (f)(b. 1954 - d. 2014)  SPÖ   
                           - Thomas Prinzhorn                 (b. 1943)            FPÖ 

                           (acting)   

 8 Jul 2004 -  8 Jul 2016  Heinz Fischer                      (b. 1938)           SPÖ/Non-party

 8 Jul 2016 - 26 Jan 2017  Collegium
                           - Doris Bures (f)                  (b. 1962)            SPÖ

                             (chairman ex-officio)

                           - Karlheinz Kopf                   (b. 1957)            ÖVP

                      - Norbert Hofer                    (b. 1971)            FPÖ

                      (acting)

26 Jan 2017 -              Alexander "Sascha" Van der Bellen  (b. 1944)            Grn

Imperial Court Chancellors for the Austrian Hereditary Countries (Österreichische Hofkanzler)
Apr? 1620 - Mar? 1637      Johann Baptist Verda               (b. 1582 – d. 1648)
                             (from 5 May 1623, Johann Baptist
                              Verda Freiherr von Verdenberg; from
                              8 Nov 1630, Johann Baptist Verda
                              Graf von Verdenberg zu Namiest)
 2 Apr 1637 - Aug 1656     Johann Matthias Pricklmayr         (b. 1589 – d. 1657)
                             (from 9 Jan 1648, Johann Matthias
                             Pricklmayr Freiherr von Goldegg)
16 Sep 1656 - 11 Nov 1665  Hans Joachim Graf von Sinzendorf   (b. 1620 – d. 1665)
 8 Mar 1667 - 28 Feb 1683  Johann Paul Hocher Freiherr von    (b. 1616 – d. 1683)
                             Hohenburg und Hohenkrän
 1 Mar 1683 - 25 Oct 1693  Theodor Heinrich Athlet Freiherr   (b. 1637 – d. 1693)
                             von Strattmann (from 30 Sep 1685, Theodor
                             Heinrich Athlet Graf von Strattmann)
13 Feb 1694 -  3 Jun 1705  Julius Friedrich Graf Bucellini    (b. 1639 – d. 1712)
Chancellors³

 3 Jun 1705 -  8 Jan 1715  Johann Friedrich Graf von Seilern  (b. 1646 - d. 1715)
 8 Jan 1715 -  8 Feb 1742  Philipp Ludwig Graf von            (b. 1671 - d. 1742)
                             Sinzendorf und Thannhausen
 8 Feb 1742 - 15 Feb 1742  Johann Friedrich Graf von Seilern  (b. 1675 - d. 1751)
15 Feb 1742 - 13 May 1753  Corfitz Anton Graf von Ulfeld      (b. 1699 - d. 1769)
                             (Uhlefeld)
13 May 1753 - 19 Aug 1792  Wenzel Anton Graf zu Kaunitz-      (s.a.)
                             Rittberg (from 8 Apr 1764, Wenzel
                             Anton Fürst zu Kaunitz, Graf zu Rittberg)
19 Aug 1792 - 30 Mar 1793  Johann Philipp Graf von Cobenzl    (b. 1741 - d. 1810)
                             (acting)
30 Mar 1793 - 28 Sep 1800  Johann Amadeus Franz de Paula      (b. 1736 - d. 1818)
                             Freiherr von Thugut
 5 Oct 1800 – 30 Nov 1805  Franz de Paula Carl Graf von       (b. 1736 – d. 1806)
                             Colloredo
24 Dec 1805 -  4 Oct 1809  Johann Philipp Graf zu Stadion-    (b. 1787 - d. 1862)
                             Thannhausen und Warthausen
 8 Oct 1809 - 13 Mar 1848  Clemens Wenzel Lothar Graf von     (b. 1773 - d. 1859)  Con
                             Metternich-Winneburg (from 20 Oct

                             1813, Clemens Wenzel Lothar Fürst

                             von Metternich-Winneburg)

13 Mar 1848 - 20 Mar 1848  Carl Borromäus Graf von Inzaghy    (b. 1777 - d. 1856)  Con
                             (Inzaghi) (acting)

Directing Ministers of State³
10 May 1749 - 11 Sep 1765  Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von         (b. 1702 - d. 1765)
                             Haugwitz
11 Sep 1765 -  2 Sep 1766  Wenzel Anton Fürst zu Kaunitz,     (b. 1711 - d. 1794)
                             Graf zu Rittberg (Rietberg)               
 2 Sep 1766 - 15 Dec 1771  Georg Adam Fürst von Starhemberg   (b. 1724 - d. 1807)
15 Dec 1771 - 17 Nov 1792  Carl Friderich Graf von Hatzfeld   (b. 1718 - d. 1793)
                             zu Gleichen                       
17 Nov 1792 -  7 Jun 1808  Leopold Krakowsky Graf von         (b. 1727 - d. 1809)
                             Kolowrat
 7 Jun 1808 -  7 Dec 1809  Carl Graf von Zinzendorf und       (b. 1739 - d. 1813)
                             Pottendorf
 7 Dec 1809 - 26 Nov 1818  Joseph Graf von Colloredo          (b. 1735 - d. 1818)
26 Nov 1818 - 28 Sep 1826  Carl Graf von Zichy zu Vasonykeö   (b. 1753 - d. 1826)
29 Sep 1826 - 20 Mar 1848  Franz Anton Graf von Kolowrat-
                             Liebsteinsky                     (b. 1778 - d. 1861)  Lib

Military and Civil Commander of the Capital

14 Mar 1848 - 20 Mar 1848  Alfred Candidus Ferdinand Fürst    (b. 1787 - d. 1862)  Mil

                             zu Windisch-Graetz

Prime ministers³

20 Mar 1848 - 18 Apr 1848  Franz Anton Graf Kolowrat-         (s.a.)               Lib

                             Liebsteinsky

31 Mar 1848 -  4 May 1848  Karl Ludwig Graf Ficquelmont       (b. 1777 - d. 1857)  Mil

                             (acting for Kolowrat to 18 Apr 1848)

 4 May 1848 -  9 Jul 1848  Franz Xaver Freiherr von           (b. 1786 - d. 1862)  Lib

                             Pillersdorff (acting)

 9 Jul 1848 - 18 Jul 1848  Anton Freiherr von Doblhoff-Dier   (b. 1800 - d. 1872)  Lib

                             (acting)

18 Jul 1848 - 21 Nov 1848  Johann Philipp Freiherr von        (b. 1773 - d. 1858)  Non-party

                             Wessenberg-Ampringen

21 Nov 1848 -  5 Apr 1852  Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg       (b. 1800 - d. 1852)  Mil

 5 Apr 1852 - 11 Apr 1852  Alexander Bach (acting)            (b. 1813 - d. 1893)  Con   

11 Apr 1852 - 17 May 1859  Karl Ferdinand Graf von            (b. 1797 - d. 1865)  Non-party

                             Buol-Schauenstein   

17 May 1859 -  4 Feb 1861  Johann Bernhard Graf von Rechberg  (b. 1806 - d. 1899)  Non-party

                             und Rothenlöwen

 4 Feb 1861 - 27 Jul 1865  Rainer Ferdinand Erzherzog von     (b. 1827 - d. 1913)  Non-party

                             Österreich

26 Jun 1865 - 27 Jul 1865  Alexander Graf von Mensdorff-      (b. 1813 - d. 1871)  Lib

                             Pouilly (acting for Rainer)

27 Jul 1865 -  7 Feb 1867  Richard Graf Belcredi              (b. 1823 - d. 1902)  Non-party

Ministers of State (Staatsminister)
20 Oct 1860 - 13 Dec 1860  Agenor Romuald Graf Goluchowski    (b. 1812 - d. 1875)  Non-party   
13 Dec 1860 - 27 Jul 1865  Anton Ritter von Schmerling        (b. 1805 - d. 1893)  Lib  
27 Jul 1865 -  7 Feb 1867  Richard Graf Belcredi              (s.a.)               Non-party

Prime ministers³

 7 Feb 1867 - 30 Dec 1867  Friedrich Ferdinand Freiherr       (b. 1809 - d. 1886)  Non-party

                             von Beust 

30 Dec 1867 - 24 Sep 1868  Karl Wilhelm Fürst von Auersperg,  (b. 1814 - d. 1890)  Lib

                             Herzog von Gottschee 

24 Sep 1868 - 15 Jan 1870  Eduard Graf Taaffe (1st time)      (b. 1833 - d. 1895)  Lib

                             (acting to 17 Apr 1869)

15 Jan 1870 -  1 Feb 1870  Ignaz Edler von Plener             (b. 1810 - d. 1908)  Lib

 1 Feb 1870 - 12 Apr 1870  Leopold Hasner Ritter von Artha    (b. 1818 - d. 1891)  Lib

12 Apr 1870 -  6 Feb 1871  Alfred Josef Graf Potocki          (b. 1822 - d. 1889)  Non-party

 6 Feb 1871 - 30 Oct 1871  Karl Sigmund Graf Hohenwart        (b. 1824 - d. 1899)  Con

                             (acting)

30 Oct 1871 - 25 Nov 1871  Ludwig Freiherr von Holzgethan     (b. 1810 - d. 1876)  Non-party

                             (acting)

25 Nov 1871 - 15 Feb 1879  Adolf Wilhelm Daniel Fürst         (b. 1821 - d. 1885)  Lib

                             Auersperg

15 Feb 1879 - 12 Aug 1879  Karl Anton Franz von Stremayr      (b. 1823 - d. 1904)  Lib

                             (acting)

12 Aug 1879 - 11 Nov 1893  Eduard Graf Taaffe (2nd time)      (s.a.)               Lib

11 Nov 1893 - 19 Jun 1895  Alfred August Fürst zu             (b. 1851 - d. 1927)  Con

                             Windischgrätz

19 Jun 1895 - 29 Sep 1895  Erich Graf von Kielmansegg         (b. 1847 - d. 1923)  Non-party

                             (acting)

29 Sep 1895 - 30 Nov 1897  Kasimir Felix Graf Badeni          (b. 1846 - d. 1909)  Non-party

30 Nov 1897 -  7 Mar 1898  Paul Gautsch Freiherr von          (b. 1851 - d. 1918)  Non-party

                             Frankenthurn (1st time)

 7 Mar 1898 -  2 Oct 1899  Franz Anton Graf von Thun und      (b. 1847 - d. 1916)  Non-party

                             Hohenstein

 2 Oct 1899 - 21 Dec 1899  Manfred Alexander Graf von Clary   (b. 1852 - d. 1928)  Non-party

                             und Aldringen

21 Dec 1899 - 18 Jan 1900  Heinrich Franz Ferdinand Ritter    (b. 1844 - d. 1930)  Non-party

                             von Wittek (acting)

18 Jan 1900 - 31 Dec 1904  Ernest von Koerber (1st time)      (b. 1850 - d. 1919)  Lib

31 Dec 1904 -  2 May 1906  Paul Gautsch Freiherr von          (s.a.)               Non-party

                             Frankenthurn (2nd time)

 2 May 1906 -  2 Jun 1906  Konrad Prinz zu Hohenlohe-         (b. 1863 - d. 1918)  Non-party

                             Schillingsfürst 

 2 Jun 1906 - 15 Nov 1908  Max Wladimir Freiherr von Beck     (b. 1854 - d. 1943)  Non-party

15 Nov 1908 - 28 Jun 1911  Richard Freiherr von Bienerth      (b. 1863 - d. 1918)  Non-party

28 Jun 1911 -  3 Nov 1911  Paul Freiherr Gautsch von          (s.a.)               Non-party

                             Frankenthurn (3rd time) 

 3 Nov 1911 - 21 Oct 1916  Karl Graf Stürgkh                  (b. 1859 - d. 1916)  Non-party

21 Oct 1916 - 28 Oct 1916  Friedrich Robert Freiherr von      (b. 1852 - d. 1926)  Mil

                             Georgi (acting) 

28 Oct 1916 - 20 Dec 1916  Ernest von Koerber (2nd time)      (s.a.)               Lib

20 Dec 1916 - 23 Jun 1917  Heinrich Karl Graf Clam-Martinic   (b. 1863 - d. 1932)  Non-party

23 Jun 1917 - 25 Jul 1918  Ernst Wilhelm Seidler Ritter von   (b. 1862 - d. 1931)  Non-party

                             Feuchtenegg

25 Jul 1918 - 27 Oct 1918  Max Hussarek Freiherr von Heinlein (b. 1865 - d. 1935)  CSP

27 Oct 1918 - 12 Nov 1918  Heinrich Lammasch                  (b. 1853 - d. 1920)  Lib

Chancellors³

12 Nov 1918 -  7 Jul 1920  Karl Renner (1st time)             (s.a.)               SDAP

 7 Jul 1920 - 21 Jun 1921  Michael Mayr                       (b. 1864 - d. 1922)  CSP

21 Jun 1921 - 26 Jan 1922  Johann Schober (1st time)          (b. 1874 - d. 1932)  Non-party

26 Jan 1922 - 27 Jan 1922  Walter Breisky                     (b. 1871 - d. 1944)  Non-party

27 Jan 1922 - 31 May 1922  Johann Schober (2nd time)          (s.a.)               Non-party

31 May 1922 - 20 Nov 1924  Ignaz Seipel (1st time)            (b. 1876 - d. 1932)  CSP

20 Nov 1924 - 20 Oct 1926  Rudolf Ramek                       (b. 1881 - d. 1941)  CSP

20 Oct 1926 -  4 May 1929  Ignaz Seipel (2nd time)            (s.a.)               CSP

 4 May 1929 - 26 Sep 1929  Ernst Streeruwitz                  (b. 1874 - d. 1952)  CSP

26 Sep 1929 - 30 Sep 1930  Johann Schober (3rd time)          (s.a.)               Non-party

30 Sep 1930 -  4 Dec 1930  Karl Vaugoin                       (b. 1873 - d. 1949)  CSP

 4 Dec 1930 - 20 Jun 1931  Otto Ender                         (b. 1875 - d. 1960)  CSP

20 Jun 1931 - 20 May 1932  Karl Buresch                       (b. 1878 - d. 1936)  CSP

20 May 1932 - 25 Jul 1934  Engelbert Dollfuss                 (b. 1892 - d. 1934)  CS;1934 VF

                             (from 1 May 1934 also styled Bundesführer [Federal Leader])

25 Jul 1934 - 26 Jul 1934  Kurt Schuschnigg (1st time)        (b. 1897 - d. 1977)  VF

                             (acting)

26 Jul 1934 - 30 Jul 1934  Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg (acting) (b. 1899 - d. 1956)  VF

30 Jul 1934 - 11 Mar 1938  Kurt Schuschnigg (2nd time)        (s.a.)               VF

                             (also styled Bundesführer)

11 Mar 1938 - 15 Mar 1938  Arthur Seyss-Inquart               (s.a.)               NS

13 Mar 1938 - 13 Apr 1945  annexed to Germany

Leader of the Austrian State Government       
15 Mar 1938 - 30 Apr 1939  Arthur Seyss-Inquart               (s.a.)               NS

Chancellors³

27 Apr 1945 - 20 Dec 1945  Karl Renner (2nd time)             (s.a.)               SPÖ

20 Dec 1945 -  2 Apr 1953  Leopold Figl                       (s.a.)               ÖVP

 2 Apr 1953 - 11 Apr 1961  Julius Raab                        (s.a.)               ÖVP

11 Apr 1961 -  2 Apr 1964  Alfons Gorbach                     (b. 1898 - d. 1972)  ÖVP

 2 Apr 1964 - 21 Apr 1970  Josef Klaus                        (s.a.)               ÖVP

21 Apr 1970 - 24 May 1983  Bruno Kreisky                      (s.a.)               SPÖ

24 May 1983 - 16 Jun 1986  Alfred Sinowatz                    (b. 1929 - d. 2008)  SPÖ

16 Jun 1986 - 28 Jan 1997  Franz Vranitzky                    (b. 1937)            SPÖ

28 Jan 1997 -  4 Feb 2000  Viktor Klima                       (b. 1947)            SPÖ

 4 Feb 2000 - 11 Jan 2007  Wolfgang Schüssel                  (s.a.)               ÖVP 

11 Jan 2007 -  2 Dec 2008  Alfred Gusenbauer                  (b. 1960)            SPÖ

 2 Dec 2008 -  9 May 2016  Werner Faymann                     (b. 1960)            SPÖ

 9 May 2016 - 17 May 2016  Reinhold Mitterlehner (acting)     (b. 1955)            ÖVP
17 May 2016 - 18 Dec 2017  Christian Kern                     (b. 1966)            SPÖ

18 Dec 2017 - 28 May 2019  Sebastian Kurz (1st time)          (b. 1986)            ÖVP

28 May 2019 -  3 Jun 2019  Hartwig Löger (acting)             (b. 1965)            ÖVP

 3 Jun 2019 -  7 Jan 2020  Brigitte Bierlein (f)              (b. 1949 - d. 2024)  Non-party

 7 Jan 2020 - 11 Oct 2021  Sebastian Kurz (2nd time)          (s.a.)               ÖVP 

11 Oct 2021 -  6 Dec 2021  Alexander Schallenberg (1st time)  (b. 1969)            ÖVP

 6 Dec 2021 - 10 Jan 2025  Karl Nehammer                      (b. 1972)            ÖVP 

10 Jan 2025 -              Alexander Schallenberg (2nd time)  (s.a.)               ÖVP

Coordinator of the NSDAP in Austria (Kommissarischer Leiter der NSDAP in Österreich)    
15 Mar 1938 - 31 Mar 1940  Josef Bürckel                      (b. 1895 - d. 1944) NS

Reichskommissar for the Reunification of Austria with the German Reich

(Reichskommissar für die Wiedervereinigung Österreichs mit dem Deutschen Reich)

23 Apr 1938 - 31 Mar 1940  Josef Bürckel                      (s.a.)              NS

Common Government of Austria-Hungary

Emperors and Kings²
30 Dec 1867 - 12 Nov 1918  the Emperors of Austria

Imperial Chancellor, Minister of the Imperial Household and of Foreign Affairs
30 Dec 1867 -  8 Nov 1871  Friedrich Ferdinand Graf von Beust (s.a.)
Ministers for the Imperial and Royal House and for Foreign Affairs
14 Nov 1871 -  2 Oct 1879  Gyula Graf Andrássy von Csík Szent (b. 1823 - d. 1890)
                             Király und Krazna-Horka "der Ältere" 
                            (= Gyula gróf Andrássy csíkszentkirályi és krasznahorkai) 
 8 Oct 1879 - 10 Oct 1881  Heinrich Karl Freiherr von         (b. 1828 - d. 1881)
                             Haymerle
20 Nov 1881 -  2 May 1895  Gustav Sigmund Graf Kálnoky von    (b. 1823 - d. 1898)
                             Kröspatak 
                            (= Gusztáv Zsigmond gróf Kálnoky kőröspataki)
16 May 1895 - 24 Oct 1906  Agenor Graf Gołuchowski von        (b. 1859 - d. 1921)
                             Goluchow 
24 Oct 1906 - 17 Feb 1912  Alois Freiherr Lexa von Aehrenthal (b. 1854 - d. 1912)
                             (from 17 Aug 1909, Alois Graf Lexa von Aehrenthal) 
17 Feb 1912 - 13 Jan 1915  Leopold Graf Berchtold von und zu  (b. 1863 - d. 1942)
                             Ungarschitz, Fratting und Pullitz 
13 Jan 1915 - 22 Dec 1916  Stephan Freiherr Burián von Rajecz (b. 1851 - d. 1922)
                             (1st time) (= István báró Burián rajeci)    
22 Dec 1916 - 16 Apr 1918  Ottokar Graf Czernin von und zu    (b. 1872 - d. 1932)
                             Chudenitz 
16 Apr 1918 - 24 Oct 1918  Stephan Freiherr Burián von Rajecz (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
24 Oct 1918 -  2 Nov 1918  Gyula Graf Andrássy von Csík Szent (b. 1860 - d. 1929)
                             Király und Krazna-Horka "der Jüngere" 
                            (= Gyula gróf Andrássy csíkszentkirályi és krasznahorkai)  
 2 Nov 1918 - 12 Nov 1918  Ludwig Freiherr von Flotow (acting)(b. 1867 - d. 1948)

Noble titles: Edler/Edle = Noble; Erzherzog/Erzherzogin = Archduke/Archduchess; Freiherr/Freifrau = Baron/Baroness; Fürst/Fürstin = Prince/Princess; Graf/Gräfin = Count/Countess; Grossherzog/Grossherzogin = Grand Duke/Grand Duchess; Herzog/Herzogin = Duke/Duchess; Kaiser/Kaiserin = Emperor/Empress; König/Königin = King/Queen; Landgraf/Landgräfin = Landgrave/Landgravine; Markgraf/Markgräfin = Margrave/Margravine; Prinz/Prinzessin = Prince/Princess; Reichsgraf/Reichsgräfin = Imperial Count/Countess; Ritter = Knight.

Territorial Disputes: None identified.

 

Party abbreviations: FPÖ = Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (Austrian Freedom Party, conservative, nationalist, populist, from 1989 Eurosceptic, est.1956); Grn = Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative or Die Grünen (The Greens – The Green Alternative, ecologist, center-left, est.1993); ÖVP = Österreichische Volkspartei (Austrian People's Party, center-right, est.1945); SPÖ = Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs (Social-Democratic Party of Austria, social-democratic, until 15 Jun 1991 named Socialist Party of Austria [Sozialistische Partei Österreichs], former SDAP, est.1945); Mil = Military;

- Former parties: Con = Konservativ (Conservative, 1848-1918); CSP = Christlichsoziale Partei (Christian Social Party, right-wing conservative, 1895-1907 as Catholic People's Party [Katholische Volkspartei], 1907-1934, merged into VF); Lib = Liberal (Liberal, 1867-79 as German Liberal Party [Deutschliberale Partei], 1848-1918); NS = Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers' Party, Nazi fascist, German nationalist, xenophobic, banned 19 Jun 1933 - 13 Mar 1938, only legal party 15 Mar 1938 - May 1945); SDAP = Sozialdemokratische Abeiterpartei (Social Democratic Labor Party, social-democratic, 1888-12 Feb 1934); VF = Vaterländische Front (Fatherland's [Patriotic] Front, Austrian nationalist, clerical fascist, corporatist, 1 May 1934 - 13 Mar 1938 only legal party, 1933-1938)

---

Allied Military Government of Austria

13 Apr 1945                Vienna surrenders to Soviets (Vienna is under separate
                             four power Allied occupation 1945-1955).
Jul 1945                   Austria under joint four power Allied occupation.
11 Sep 1945                Allied control council formed.
27 Jul 1955                Allied occupation ends, Austrian sovereignty restored.

American Zone

High Commissioners
 5 Jul 1945 - 16 May 1947  Mark W. Clark                      (b. 1896 - d. 1984)
17 May 1947 - 19 Sep 1950  Geoffrey Keyes                     (b. 1888 - d. 1967)
20 Sep 1950 - 17 Jul 1952  Walter J. Donnelly                 (b. 1896 - d. 1970)
17 Jul 1952 - 27 Jul 1955  Llewellyn E. Thompson, Jr.         (b. 1904 - d. 1972)

High Commissioners
Jul 1945 - Mar 1946        Sir Richard Loudon McCreery        (b. 1898 - d. 1967)
Mar 1946 - Oct 1947        James Stuart Steele                (b. 1894 - d. 1975)
                             (from 13 Jun 1946, Sir James Stuart Steele)
Oct 1947 -  1 Jan 1950     Alexander Galloway                 (b. 1899 - d. 1977)
                             (from 9 Jun 1949, Sir Alexander Galloway) 
 1 Jan 1950 -  1 Aug 1950  John  Willoughby Winterton         (b. 1898 - d. 1987)
                             (from 8 Jun 1950, Sir John Willoughby Winterton)
 1 Aug 1950 -  5 Feb 1954  Sir Harold Anthony Caccia          (b. 1905 - d. 1990)
 5 Feb 1954 - 27 Jul 1955  Sir Geoffrey Arnold Wallinger      (b. 1903 - d. 1979)

High Commissioners
 8 Jul 1945 - 30 Sep 1950  Marie Émile Antoine Béthouart      (b. 1889 - d. 1982)
Oct 1950 - Sep 1954        Joseph Émile Félix Jean Payart     (b. 1892 - d. 1969)
Oct 1954 - Feb 1955        Jean-Michel Henri Chauvel          (b. 1897 - d. 1979)
Feb 1955 - Jun 1955        Roger Lalouette (acting)           (b. 1904 - d. 1980)
 3 Jun 1955 - 27 Jul 1955  François Seydoux Fornier de        (b. 1905 - d. 1981)
                             Clausonne  

Military governor 
13 Apr 1945 - Jul 1945     Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbukhin         (b. 1894 - d. 1949)
High Commissioners
Jul 1945 - 25 Apr 1946     Ivan Stepanovich Konev             (b. 1897 - d. 1973)
10 May 1946 -  2 Apr 1949  Vladimir Vasilyevich Kurasov       (b. 1897 - d. 1973)
 4 May 1949 -  7 Jun 1953  Vladimir Petrovich Sviridov        (b. 1898 - d. 1963)
 7 Jun 1953 - 27 Jul 1955  Ivan Ivanovich Ilyichev            (b. 1905 - d. 1983)