Hungary
 

c.997 - 1307; 1382 - 1804   1307 - 1382   1804 - 22 Mar 1848; 13 Aug 1849 - 21 Dec 1867 22 Mar 1848 - 13 Aug 1849; 1849 - 1867 Land Colors; 12 Nov 1918 - 20 Mar 1919; (22 Mar 1919 -  6 Aug 1919 Arad counter government)   22 Mar 1848 - 13 Aug 1849 Revolt Flag 1867 - 1918  Hungarian Ensign 21 Dec 1867 - 15 Oct 1915; 1920 - 1 Feb 1946 Alternate 15 Oct 1915 - 12 Nov 1918 1 Aug 1869 - 12 Nov 1918 Austria-Hungary Merchant Flag 21 Mar 1919 - 3 Aug 1919     6 Aug 1919 -  1 Feb 1946   1 Feb 1946 - 18 Aug 1949; 25 Oct 1956 - 1 Oct 1957 18 Aug 1949 - 25 Oct 1956   1 Oct 1957 - 23 Oct 1989 Re-adopted 23 Oct 1989 Map of Hungary Hear National Anthem  "Himnusz" (Hymn) Text of National Anthem  Adopted 1844 Constitution (1 Jan 2012) ------------------------------- Former Constitution (20 Aug 1949 - 31 Dec 2011) Capital: Budapest (Székesfehérvár and Esztergom 1000-1256; Buda 1256-1315, 1408-1536;   Temesvár 1315-1323;  Visegrád 1323-1408; Pozsony [Pressburg/ Bratislava] 1536-1784; Buda 1784-14 Nov 1873, Debrecen 1849, 1944) Currency: Forint (HUF); 1925-1946 Hungarian Pengő  (HUP); 1946 Hungarian Red Army Pengő (HRU);  1918-1925 Hungarian Korona  (HUK) National Holidays: 20 Aug Szent István Ünnepe (Saint Stephen's Day) ------------------------------------ 15 Mar (1848) Nemzeti Ünnep (National Day) Population: 9,825,704 (2018) Map of Hungary 1918-1920 Currency 1524-1918: 1892-1918 Austro-Hungarian Kronen (ATK); 1857-1892  Austro-Hungarian Gulden  (ATG); 1524-1857 Austrian  Gulden (XATC) 1849 Declaration of Independence (14 Apr 1849) Historic Population: 25,000,000 (1914) 4,679,600 (1942) GDP: $289.6 billion (2017) Exports: $98.7 billion (2017) Imports: $96.3 billion (2017) Ethnic groups: Hungarian 85.6%, Roma 3.2%, German 1.9%, other 2.6%, unspecified 14.1% (2011) Total Armed Forces: 27,800 (2018) U.S. Forces: 81 (2023) Merchant marine: None (2018) Religions: Roman Catholic 37.2%, Calvinist 11.6%, Lutheran 2.2%, Greek Catholic 1.8%, other 1.9%, none 18.2%, unspecified 27.2% (2011) International Organizations/Treaties: AG, AIIB (nonregional), ANT, APM, BIS, BSEC (observer), BTWC, CBSS (observer), CCM, CD, CE, CEI, CERN, CFE, CPLP (associate observer), CTBT, CWC, DC, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, ENMOD, ESA, ESCR, EU, Euratom, Eutelsat, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, Intersputnik, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MTCR, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NPT, NSG, NTBT, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OS, OSCE, OST, OTS (observer), PCA, SEGIB (associate observer), SELEC, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WA, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Hungary Index Chronology   9 BC - c.400 AD           West of the Danube River part of the Roman Empire. c.400 - 454                Hun rule based in Pannonia. 454 - 526                  Ostrogothic rule (see Italy). 526 - Apr 568              Lombard (Langobard) rule (see Italy). Apr 568 - c.805            Avar rule Pannonia. c.805 - c.896              Frankish rule west of the Danube River, Bulgarian                              rule to the east of the Danube. c.896                      Hungarian (Magyar) settlement of the Danube plain. 25 Dec 1000                Kingdom of Hungary (Regnum Hungariae/Magyar                              Királyság). 1102 - 1918                Croatia attached to the Kingdom of Hungary as                              claimed in the Pacta Conventa. 11 Apr 1241 - 1242         Mongol invasion and occupation devastates large                              areas of Hungary.  8 Sep 1290 - 18 Aug 1295  Carlo Martello of Naples, son of Mária of Hungary                              the daughter of King István V, is set up by Pope                              Nicholaus IV as King of Hungary, as the successor                              of his uncle the childless László IV, against                              whom Pope had already earlier declared a crusade. 14 Jan 1301                End of the founding Árpád dynasty.  4 Feb 1403 - Oct 1403     Insurrection in Croatia as Ladislao II of Naples                              tries to restore Angevin rule in Hungary and is                              crowned King of Hungary at Zara in Dalmatia. 15 May 1440 - 16 Dec 1442  Civil war erupts when the infant heir, László VI                              "Utószülött" ("the Postumous"), is crowned                              King, but the Diet of Hungary declares his                              coronation invalid and elects the Polish                              monarch as King. Guardianship over László VI is                              given over to Habsburg Friedrich V Archduke                              of Austria 23 Aug 1440 - 4 Sep 1452. 29 Jun 1440 - 10 Nov 1444  Personal union with Poland. 29 Jun 1490 - 29 Aug 1526  Personal union with Bohemia under the Jagiello                              (Jagelló) dynasty. 17 Nov 1490                Habsburg Maximilian of Austria claims the crown                             (by right of the 1463 treaty of succession) taking                              Székesfehérvár (Stuhlweissenburg), which is                              occupied until 29 Jul 1491.  7 Nov 1491                Maximilian waives his claim in exchange for renewed                              right of succession (ratified 6 Dec 1491). 29 Aug 1526                At Battle of Mohács the Ottoman Empire defeats                              Hungarian and Bohemian forces killing King Lajos                              II and pillaging Buda. 10 Nov 1526                János Szápolyai (Zápolyai) voivode of Transylvania                              is elected king of Hungary and crowned next day. 16 Dec 1526                Habsburg Archduke of Austria Ferdinand is elected                              King of Hungary, he ousts János on 20 Aug 1527 by                              capturing the capital and is formally crowned on                              3 Nov 1527. 16 Dec 1526 - 11 Nov 1918  In personal union with Austria under the Habsburg                              (from 29 Nov 1780, Habsburg-Lothringen) dynasty. 20 Aug 1527                Ferdinand I occupies Buda and Szápolyai flees to                              Poland. Szápolyai is defeated again 20 Mar 1528. 14 Sep 1529 - 21 Jul 1540  János I Szápolyai is restored by Ottoman                              intervention and submits to Ottoman suzerainty. 24 Feb 1538                Hungarian civil war terminated by the Treaty of                              Nagyvárad (or Grosswardein), both parties                             (Habsburg Archduke Ferdinand I and former voivode                              of Transylvania János Szápolyai [Zápolyai])                              are recognized and both keep the title "king of                              Hungary" and their current territories (Szápolyai                              in eastern and Ferdinand in western or royal                              Hungary), the potential Szápolyai heir becomes                              a "duke" only (peace ratified 10 Jun 1538). 29 Aug 1541                Ottoman rule in Buda (Ofen) by submission.                              Danube/Tisza area becomes an Ottoman province,                              Ottoman intervention reduces the Habsburg                              sphere, the area beyond Tisza River remains                              under Transylvania rule under János II (in                              opposition to Ferdinand). 29 Aug 1541 - 26 Jan 1699  Partitioned between Austria and Ottoman Empire. 19 Jun 1547 - 11 Nov 1606  Austrian Hungary tributary to the Ottoman Empire.  2 Sep 1686                Austrian Habsburg forces liberate Buda (Ofen). 26 Jan 1699                Austrian Habsburgs expel remaining Ottoman forces. 19 Jul 1831 - Aug 1831     Great peasant uprising in north eastern Hungary. 15 Mar 1848                Hungarian Revolution of 1848 begins. 11 Apr 1848                The "March Laws" are confirmed by King Ferdinánd                              (withdrawn on 22 Nov 1848). 13 Dec 1848                Austrian invasion begins (occupying Buda [Ofen]                               and Pest on 5 Jan 1849, briefly retaken by the                              revolutionaries 21 May - 18 Jul 1849). 14 Apr 1849 - 13 Aug 1849  Independence from Austria declared (Hungary                              [Magyarország]). 17 Jun 1849                Russian begins invasion on behalf of Austria. 13 Aug 1849                Hungarian Kingdom (A Magyar Királyság)(personal                              union with Austria restored). 13 Aug 1849                Hungarian rebellious government surrenders (later                              capitulations of fortresses: 26 Aug 1849 Munkács,                              5 Sep 1849 Peterwardein and 27 Sep 1849 Komorn). 24 Oct 1849                Austria dis-annexes Croatia and Transylvania                              from Hungary and Hungary is divided into five                              military districts (Pressburg, Kaschau,                              Grosswardein, Pest-Ofen, and Ödenburg) and (18 Nov                              1849 - 27 Dec 1860) the governorate of Temesch,                              and the Serbian Vojvodina. 13 Sep 1850                Provisional civil administration established. 20 Oct 1860                Hungarian diet is restored, limited self-rule. 21 Dec 1867 - 11 Nov 1918  "Hungarian half" of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy                              (Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia = Österreichisch-                              Ungarische Monarchie)(as "Lands of the Holy                              Hungarian Crown")(A Magyar szent korona országok =                              Länder der ungarischen heiligen Krone)(incl.                              Croatia, Fiume, Slavonia and Transylvania). 17 Oct 1918                Hungarian government terminates the 1867 Compromise,                              to end the personal union with Austria 31 Oct. 29 Oct 1918                Croatia declares end of its union with Hungary and                              the Croat and Slovene State is declared. 30 Oct 1918                Slovak National Council declares itself part of                              the Czechoslovak State. 31 Oct 1918                Hungarian personal union with Austria declared ended. 13 Nov 1918                King Károly IV declares his withdrawal from politics                             (which was made public 14 Nov 1918, and accepted by                              session of Hungarian National Council 16 Nov 1918) 16 Nov 1918                Hungarian People's Republic (A Magyar Népköztársaság) 19 Nov 1918                All references to "royal" in legal acts are abolished                              by government regulation. 21 Mar 1919                Hungarian Conciliar ("Soviet") Republic (A Magyar                              Tanácsköztársaság).  5 May 1919 - 22 Aug 1919  Hungary (Magyarország)(counter-revolutionary                              government at Arad, then Szeged). 23 Jun 1919 -  1 Aug 1919  Socialist Federative Soviet Republic of Hungary                              (A Magyarországi Szocialista Szövetséges                              Tanácsköztársaság).  2 Aug 1919 -  6 Aug 1919  Hungarian People's Republic (A Magyar Népköztársaság)  4 Aug 1919 - 14 Nov 1919  Occupied by Rumania.  7 Aug 1919                Hungary (Magyarország) 29 Feb 1920 - 28 Mar 1945  Hungarian State (A Magyar Állam)(other names in                              official use: Hungary [Magyarország] and Hungarian                              Kingdom [A Magyar Királyság]). 18 Mar 1920                References to "royal" in legal acts are restored by                              government order.  4 Jun 1920                Hungary reduced to ethnic core. Hungary formally                               surrenders Fiume; cedes Croatia, Slavonia,                              Vojvodina, western Banat, Bosnia-Hercegovia,                               and Prekmurje-Medjimurje to Serb-Croat-Slovene                              state; Transylvania and eastern Banat are                              ceded to Romania; Carpatho-Ruthenia, Slovakia                              (including Pozsony/Pressburg [Bratislava]) are                              ceded to Czechoslovakia; and West Hungary                         (Burgenland) is ceded to Austria by the Treaty                              of Trianon (ratified on 21 Jun 1921). 20 Oct 1921 - 24 Oct 1921  Attempted restoration of the Habsburg monarchy;                              Habsburg rights to throne are voided 6 Nov 1921. 10 Nov 1938 - May 1945     Southern regions of Slovakia and Subcarpathia                              (also annexed 16 Mar 1939) ceded to Hungary.   30 Aug 1940 - 11 Mar 1945  Northern Transylvania annexed from Romania. 11 Apr 1941 - 17 Oct 1944  Bačka (Bácska), Baranja, Međimurje (Muraköz), and                              Prekmurje (Muravidék) annexed from Yugoslavia.   1 Apr 1944 -  4 Apr 1945  German occupation. 19 Oct 1944 - 15 Sep 1947  Allied (Soviet) occupation. 21 Dec 1944                Provisional National Assembly convenes in Debrecen. 21 Dec 1944                Hungary (Magyarország). 31 Jan 1946                Hungarian Republic (A Magyar Köztársaság). 10 Feb 1947                Frontiers of Hungary as of 1 Jan 1938 restored                              by Paris Peace Treaty (ratified 15 Sep 1947). 20 Aug 1949                Hungarian People's Republic (A Magyar Népköztársaság) 23 Oct 1956 - 11 Nov 1956  Anti-Communist rebellion, ended by invasion of                              Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact forces. 23 Oct 1989                Hungarian Republic (A Magyar Köztársaság).  1 Jan 2012                Hungary (Magyarország).  1 May 2004                Part of European Union. Ottoman Hungary (1541 - 1686) Romanian Occupation (1919) German Occupation (1944 - 1945) Allied Occupation (1944 - 1947) Serbo- Hungarian Republic of Baranya (1921) Hungarian Catholic Church   Historical Maps of Hungary

Note: In Hungarian, whether written or spoken, personal names are given in the Eastern name order, or family name followed by given name. In this record, Hungarian names are written in the Western format with given name followed by family name.

General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party
22 Feb 1945 - 12 Jun 1948  Mátyás Rákosi                      (b. 1892 - d. 1971)
General Secretary of the Hungarian Working People's Party
12 Jun 1948 - 28 Jun 1953  Mátyás Rákosi                      (s.a.)
First Secretaries of the Hungarian Working People's Party
28 Jun 1953 - 18 Jul 1956  Mátyás Rákosi                      (s.a.)
                            (acting to 31 Oct 1953)

28 Jun 1953 - 31 Oct 1953  József Révai                       (b. 1898 - d. 1959)

                           + Lajos Ácz                        (b. 1922 - d. 1968)

                           + Béla Vég                         (b. 1922 - d. 2004)

                           (acting)

18 Jul 1956 - 25 Oct 1956  Ernő Gerő                          (b. 1898 - d. 1980)

25 Oct 1956 - 30 Oct 1956  János József Kádár                 (b. 1912 - d. 1989)

First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party

30 Oct 1956 - 28 Mar 1985  János József Kádár                 (s.a.)

General Secretaries of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party

28 Mar 1985 - 22 May 1988  János József Kádár                 (s.a.)

22 May 1988 -  7 Oct 1989  Károly Grósz                       (b. 1930 - d. 1996)

President of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (top party post from 24 Jun 1989)

24 Jun 1989 -  7 Oct 1989  Rezsö Nyers                        (b. 1923 - d. 2018)

                           ("leading role" of the party abolished 20 Feb 1989)

De facto Leader (People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs, and also

from 3 Apr 1919, People's Commissar for Defense)
21 Mar 1919 -  1 Aug 1919  Béla Kun                           (b. 1886 - d. 1938)  MSzP   

Ruler (style Gyula)

8.. - 904                  Kurszán (Kussan)                   (d. 904)
Rulers (style Kende)
c.895 - 907                Árpád fia Álmos                    (b. 85. - d. 907)
907 - 92.                  Tarhos fia Árpád                   (b. 87. - d. 92.)
92. - 92.                  Üllő fia Árpád                     (b. 88. - d. 92.)
92. - c.933                Jutas fia Árpád                    (b. 88. - d. 93.)   
c.933 - c.947              Solt (Zoltán) fia Árpád            (b. 89. - d. c.947)
c.947 - Oct? 955           Fajsz (Falicsi) fia Jutas          (b. 90. - d. 955?)
Oct? 955 – 971             Taksony fia Solt                   (b. 92. – d. 971)
971 -  1 Feb 997           Gyécsa (Géza) fia Taksony          (b. c.943 - d. 997) 
 1 Feb 997 - 25 Dec 1000   Vajk István fia Gyécsa             (b. c.969 - d. 1038) 
Kings¹ (1526-1849, also rulers of Austria)
25 Dec 1000 - 15 Aug 1038  István I ("Szent István")          (s.a.)
                             (= Vajk István)("Saint Stephen")
15 Aug 1038 - 1041         Péter I (1st time)                 (b. 1012 - d. 1060)
                             (Pietro di Ottone Orseolo)
1041 -  5 Jul 1044         Sámuel Aba                         (b. c.990 - d. 1044)
 5 Jul 1044 - Oct? 1046    Péter I (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
Oct? 1046 -  6 Dec 1060    András I "Fehér"("White")(Endre I) (b. 1014 - d. 1060)
 6 Dec 1060 - Aug 1063     Béla I "Bajnok" (Adalbert)         (b. 1016 - d. 1063)
                             ("the Champion")
Jul 1063 - 1063            .... -Palatine
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
1063 - 14 Mar 1074         Salamon (Salomon)                  (b. 1052 - d. 1087)
14 Mar 1074 - 25 Apr 1077  Géza I (Geyza I) (Magnus)          (b. c.1044 - d. 1077)
25 Apr 1077 - 29 Jul 1095  László I ("Szent László")          (b. c.1046 - d. 1095)
                             ("Saint Ladislaus")
29 Jul 1095 -  3 Feb 1116  Kálmán "Könyves" (Colomanus)       (b. c.1065 - d. 1116)
                             ("the Book-Lover")
 3 Feb 1116 -  1 Mar 1131  István II (Stephanus)              (b. 1101 - d. 1131)
 1 Mar 1131 - 28 Apr 1131  .... -Palatine
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
28 Apr 1131 - 13 Feb 1141  Béla II "Vak" ("the Blind")        (b. 1109 - d. 1141) 
1131 - 22 Jul 1132         Borisz (Borić) (pretender)         (b. c.1114 - d. af.1155)
                             (1st time)
13 Feb 1141 - 31 May 1162  Géza II (Geyza II)                 (b. c.1130 - d. 1162)
13 Feb 1141 - 1147         Belos (Beloš Urošić) -Regent       (b. 111. - d. af.1163)
1146 - 11 Sep 1146         Borisz (pretender) (2nd time)      (s.a.)
31 May 1162 - 15 Jul 1162  István III (1st time)              (b. 1147 - d. 1172) 
31 May 1162 - 15 Jul 1162  Regents
                           - Lukács Bánfi, érsek Esztergomi   (b. c.1120 - d. 1181)
                           - Hendrik Héder -Palatine
15 Jul 1162 - 14 Jan 1163  László II (Ladizlaus)              (b. 1132 - d. 1163)
14 Jan 1163 - 27 Jan 1163  Hendrik Héder (acting)  
27 Jan 1163 -  4 Mar 1172  István III (2nd time)              (s.a.)
27 Jan 1163 - 11 Apr 1165  István IV (pretender)              (b. 1133 - d. 1165)
 4 Mar 1172 - 13 Jan 1173  Ampud -Palatine
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
13 Jan 1173 - 23 Apr 1196  Béla III                           (b. 1148 - d. 1196)
23 Apr 1196 - 30 Nov 1204  Imre (Hemericus)                   (b. 1174 - d. 1204)
30 Nov 1204 -  7 May 1205  László III (Ladizlaus)             (b. 1199 - d. 1205)
30 Nov 1204 - 29 May 1205  András, herceg Dalmáciai -Regent   (b. 1176 - d. 1235)
29 May 1205 - 21 Sep 1235  András II "Jeruzálemi" (Endre II)  (s.a.)
                             (= András, herceg Dalmáciai)
1214 -  3 May 1270         Béla IV                            (b. 1206 - d. 1270)
                             (co-ruler to 21 Sep 1235)
20 Aug 1245 -  6 Aug 1272  István V                           (b. 1239 - d. 1272)
                             (co-ruler to 3 May 1270)
 6 Aug 1272 - 10 Jul 1290  László IV "Kun" ("the Cuman")      (b. 1262 - d. 1290)
 6 Aug 1272 - 23 May 1277  Erzsébet (Elisabeth)(f) -Regent    (b. 1240 - d. af.1290)
10 Jul 1290 - 23 Jul 1290  Mizse -Palatine
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
23 Jul 1290 - 14 Jan 1301  András III "Velencei" (Endre III)  (b. c.1266 - d. 1301) 
                             ("the Venetian")(pretender in 1278)
 6 Jan 1292 - 19 Aug 1295  Károly Martell (= Carlo Martello)  (b. 1271 - d. 1295)
                             (pretender, in Naples)
14 Jan 1301 - 27 Aug 1301  Amadé (Omode) fia Dávid nembeli    (b. 12.. - d. 1311)
                             Aba -Palatine
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
27 Aug 1301 -  9 Oct 1305  Ladizlaus (László V)               (b. 1289 - d. 1306)
                             (also King of Poland Wacław III and Václáv III of Bohemia)
 9 Oct 1305 -  5 Dec 1305  Jakab Kopasz fia Tamás nembeli     (b. 12.. - d. 1317)
                             Borsa -Palatine 
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
 5 Dec 1305 - Jun 1307     Béla V                             (b. 1261 - d. 1312)
                             (also Duke of Bavaria Otto III von Wittelsbach)
Jun 1307 - 10 Oct 1307     Palatines
                           - Loránd fia Lesuták nembeli Rátót (b. 12.. - d. af.1307)  
                           - István fia Erne nembeli Ákos     (b. 12.. - d. 131.)
                               (from Sep 1307)
                           - Máté fia Péter nembeli Csák      (b. c.1252 - d. 1321)
                           - Amadé fia Dávid nemzetségi Alba  (s.a.)
                           - Jakab Kopasz fia Tamás nembeli   (s.a.)
                               Borsa 
                           (ex officio locum tenens regius)
10 Oct 1307 - 16 Jul 1342  Károly I (Károly Róbert)           (b. 1288 - d. 1342)
16 Jul 1342 - 11 Sep 1382  Lajos I "Nagy" ("the Great")       (b. 1326 - d. 1382)
                             (from 5 Nov 1370, also King Ludwik I of Poland)
11 Sep 1382 - Dec 1385     Mária -Queen (1st time)            (b. 1371 - d. 1395)
11 Sep 1382 -  6 Oct 1385  Miklós Garai -Palatine             (b. 133. - d. 1386)
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
 6 Oct 1385 - Dec 1385     Miklós Széchy felsőlendvai-Palatine(b. 133. - d. 1387)
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
Dec 1385 -  7 Feb 1386     Károly II "Kis" ("the Short")      (b. 1345 - d. 1386)
                             (King Carlo III of Naples ["Sicily"])
 7 Feb 1386 -  4 Sep 1386  Mária -Queen (2nd time)            (s.a.)
25 Jul 1386 - 31 Mar 1387  Sigismund Markgraf zu Brandenburg  (b. 1368 - d. 1437)
                             (captain-general) (acting)
31 Mar 1387 -  9 Dec 1437  Zsigmond I "Luxemburgi"            (s.a.)
                             (= Sigismund Markgraf zu Brandenburg)
                             (also King of Germany Sigismund and Zikmund of Bohemia)
 5 Aug 1403 - Oct 1403     László (V) "Nápolyi" ("Neapolitan")(b. 1376 - d. 1414)
                             (in dissidence, in Dalmatia)
 9 Dec 1437 -  1 Jan 1438  Lőrinc Hédervári -Palatine         (b. 140. - d. 1447)
                             (1st time)(ex officio locum tenens regius)
 1 Jan 1438 - 27 Oct 1439  Albert                             (b. 1397 - d. 1439) 
                             (from 15 Jun 1438, also Archduke of Austria
                             Albrecht V and King of Bohemia Albrecht)
27 Oct 1439 - 29 Jun 1440  Lőrinc Hédervári -Palatine         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)(ex officio locum tenens regius)
22 Feb 1440 - 16 Dec 1442  László VI (V) "Utószülött"         (b. 1440 - d. 1457)
                             (= Duke of Austria Ladislaus "Postumus")
                             (1st time)
29 Jun 1440 - 10 Nov 1444  Ulászló I "Varnai"                 (b. 1423 - d. 1444)
                             (in Vienna 23 Aug 1440 - 4 Sep 1452)
                             (also King Władysław III of Poland)
 1 Sep 1444 -  6 Jun 1446  Lőrinc Hédervári -Palatine         (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)(ex officio locum tenens regius)
 6 Jun 1446 -  9 Nov 1456  Vicar generals and governors
                           - János Hunyadi (to 11 Aug 1456)   (b. c.1386 - d. 1456)
                           - László Garai (acting)            (b. c.1410 - d. 1459)
                               (11 Aug 1456 - Oct 1456)
                           - Ulrich Graf zu Cilly und         (b. 1407 - d. 1456)
                               Ortenburg (from Oct 1456)
2. Jan 1453 - 23 Nov 1457  László VI (V) "Utószülött"         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
23 Nov 1457 - 24 Jan 1458  László Garai -Palatine             (s.a.)
                             (ex officio locum tenens regius)
24 Jan 1458 -  6 Apr 1490  Mátyás I Hunyadi "Korvin" ("Raven")(b. 1443 - d. 1490) 
24 Jan 1458 - Aug 1458     Mihály Szilágyi horogszegi -Regent (b. 141. - d. 1461)
 4 Mar 1459 - 19 Jul 1463  Frigyes (in dissidence )           (b. 1415 - d. 1493)
                             (also Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich III)
 5 Dec 1487 -  9 Aug 1490  Orbán Dóczi nagylúcsei, püspök     (b. 143. - d. 1491)
                             Egri -Regent
 9 Aug 1490 - 13 Mar 1516  Ulászló II "Dobzse"                (b. 1456 - d. 1516)
                             (also King of Bohemia Vladislav V)
17 Nov 1490 -  7 Nov 1491  Miksa  (in dissidence)             (b. 1459 - d. 1519)
                             (also Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I)
 4 Jun 1508 - 29 Aug 1526  Lajos II (Ludwik)                  (b. 1506 - d. 1526)
13 Mar 1516 - 11 Dec 1521  Regents
                           - Tamás bíboros Bakócz (Bakács)    (b. 1442 - d. 1521)
                              (to 11 Jun 1521)  
                           - János Bornemisza                 (b. 14.. - d. 1527)
                           - Georg Markgraf zu Brandenburg    (b. 1484 - d. 1543)
                               in Ansbach   
29 Aug 1526 - 11 Nov 1526  István Báthory ecsedi -Palatine    (b. 147. - d. 1530)
                             (ex officio Locum tenens regius)
11 Nov 1526 - 20 Aug 1527  János I Szápolyai (Zápolyai)       (b. 1487 - d. 1540)
                             (1st time)
20 Aug 1527 - 14 Sep 1529  Ferdinánd I (1st time)             (b. 1503 - d. 1564)
                             (also Archduke of Austria Ferdinand I)
14 Sep 1529 - 22 Jul 1540  János I Szápolyai (2nd time)       (s.a.)
24 Dec 1530 - 29 Sep 1534  Aloisio Gritti -Regent             (b. 148. - d. 1534)
14 Sep 1529 - 22 Jul 1540  Ferdinánd I (in dissidence)        (s.a.)
22 Jul 1540 - 25 Jul 1564  Ferdinánd I (2nd time)             (s.a.)
13 Sep 1540 - 21 Jul 1551  János II (1st time) (in dissidence)(b. 1540 - d. 1571)
                             (= János Zsigmond Szápolyai [Zápolyai])
13 Sep 1540 - 21 Jul 1551  Izabella Jagelló (f) -Regent       (b. 1519 - d. 1559)
                             (under János II, in dissidence)
22 Oct 1556 - 14 Mar 1571  János II (2nd time) (in dissidence)(s.a.)
 8 Sep 1563 - 12 Oct 1576  Miksa (co-ruler to 25 Jul 1564)    (b. 1527 - d. 1576)
                             (also King Maxmilián I of Bohemia and from
                             25 Jul 1564 Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II)
25 Sep 1572 - 19 Nov 1608  Rezsö (co-ruler to 12 Oct 1576)    (b. 1552 - d. 1612)
                             (also Archduke of Austria Rudolf)
20 Apr 1605 - 29 Dec 1606  István Bocskai bocskói-kismarjai,  (b. 1557 - d. 1606)
                             fejedelem Erdélyi (in dissidence)
21 Mar 1606 - 19 Nov 1608  Matthias Erzherzog zu              (b. 1557 - d. 1619)  
                             Österreich -Regent
19 Nov 1608 -  1 Jul 1618  Mátyás II (= Matthias)             (s.a.)
 1 Jul 1618 - 15 Feb 1637  Ferdinánd II                       (b. 1578 - d. 1637)
25 Aug 1620 - 31 Dec 1621  Gábor (= Gábor Bethlen iktári)     (b. 1580 - d. 1629)
                             (in dissidence)
 8 Dec 1626 -  2 Apr 1657  Ferdinánd III                      (b. 1608 - d. 1657)
                             (co-ruler to 15 Feb 1637)
16 Jun 1647 -  9 Jul 1654  Ferdinánd IV -Co-ruler             (b. 1633 - d. 1654)

27 Jun 1655 -  5 May 1705  Lipót I                            (b. 1640 - d. 1705)

                             (co-ruler to 2 Apr 1657)

Prince of Upper Hungary (in rebellion, in Fogarasch/Fogaras)
19 Nov 1682 - 15 Oct 1685  Imre gróf Thököly késmárki         (b. 1657 - d. 1705)

Kings¹ (1526-1849, also rulers of Austria)

 9 Dec 1687 - 17 Apr 1711  József I (co-ruler to 5 May 1705)  (b. 1678 - d. 1711)

20 Sep 1705 - 21 Feb 1711  Ferenc Lipót Rákóczi de            (b. 1676 - d. 1735)
                             felsövadászi (in dissidence)

                             (Magyarország vezérlő fejedelme)

17 Apr 1711 - 20 Oct 1740  Károly III                         (b. 1685 - d. 1740)

20 Oct 1740 - 29 Nov 1780  Mária Terézia -Queen               (b. 1717 - d. 1780)

29 Nov 1780 - 20 Feb 1790  József II                          (b. 1741 - d. 1790)

20 Feb 1790 -  1 Mar 1792  Lipót II                           (b. 1747 - d. 1792)

 1 Mar 1792 -  2 Mar 1835  Ferenc I                           (b. 1768 - d. 1835)

 2 Mar 1835 -  2 Dec 1848  Ferdinánd V                        (b. 1793 - d. 1875)

                             (deposition not recognized by Hungarian Diet)

 2 Dec 1848 - 14 Apr 1849  Ferenc József I (1st time)         (b. 1830 - d. 1916)

                             (not recognized by Hungarian Diet)

Governor-Presidents of the Nation (in rebellion in Debrecen)

14 Apr 1849 - 11 Aug 1849  Lajos Kossuth udvardi és           (b. 1802 - d. 1894)  EP

                             kossutfalvai

11 Aug 1849 - 13 Aug 1849  Artúr Görgei görgői és toporczi    (b. 1818 - d. 1916)  Mil

                             (acting civil and military authority, at Arad)

Kings¹ (also rulers of Austria)

13 Aug 1849 - 21 Nov 1916  Ferenc József I (2nd time)         (s.a.)

                             (crowned 8 Jul 1867)

21 Nov 1916 - 16 Nov 1918  Károly IV (1st time)               (b. 1887 - d. 1922)

Chairmen of the Hungarian National Council

31 Oct 1918 -  1 Nov 1918  Mihály gróf Károlyi nagykárolyi    (b. 1875 - d. 1955)  FNP/F48   

 1 Nov 1918 - 16 Nov 1918  János Hock                         (b. 1859 - d. 1936)  FNP/F48

Prime minister (acting as head of state)

16 Nov 1918 - 11 Jan 1919  Mihály gróf Károlyi nagykárolyi    (s.a.)               FNP/F48 

Provisional President

11 Jan 1919 - 21 Mar 1919  Mihály gróf Károlyi nagykárolyi    (s.a.)               Non-party

Chairman of the Revolutionary Governing Council

21 Mar 1919 -  1 Aug 1919  Sándor Garbai                      (b. 1879 - d. 1947)  MSzP

                             (from 16 Jul 1919, ex officio Chairman

                             of the Federal Central Executive Committee)

 5 May 1919 - 12 Aug 1919  Hungarian National Government
                           (counter-government in Arad, from 31 May 1919 in Szeged)
                           - Béla Fülöp                                            FNP/F48
                           - vitéz Gyula Gömbös jákfai        (b. 1886 - d. 1936)  OKFP
                           - Károly Hencz                     (b. 1877 - d. 1949?) FNP/F48?
                           - Lajos Varjassy                   (b. 1852 - d. 1934)  MSzDP
Prime minister (acting as head of state)

 1 Aug 1919 -  6 Aug 1919  Gyula Peidl                        (b. 1873 - d. 1943)  MSzDP

Governor (usually referred to as Regent)

 6 Aug 1919 - 23 Aug 1919  József Ágost főherceg és magyar    (b. 1872 - d. 1962)  Mil

                             király herceg Habsburg-Lotharingiai

                            (= Erzherzog Joseph August von Österreich)

                            (de facto head of state 6 - 8 Aug 1919)

Prime ministers (acting as heads of state)

23 Aug 1919 - 23 Nov 1919  István Friedrich                   (b. 1883 - d. 1951)  KNEP

23 Nov 1919 -  1 Mar 1920  Károly Huszár                      (b. 1882 - d. 1941)  KNEP

King¹

 1 Mar 1920 -  2 Feb 1946  Vacant

20 Oct 1921 - 24 Oct 1921  Károly IV (2nd time)(in dissidence)(s.a.)

Governor (always referred to as Regent)¹

 1 Mar 1920 -  3 Nov 1944  Miklós Horthy nagybányai           (b. 1868 - d. 1957)  Mil

                             (from 21 Aug 1921, vitéz Miklós Horthy nagybányai)

                             (leaves Hungary on 16 Oct 1944)

16 Oct 1944 -  3 Nov 1944  Ferenc Szálasi                     (b. 1897 - d. 1946)  NykP

                             (acting for absent Horthy)

 4 Nov 1944 - 28 Mar 1945  Governing Council

                           (acting for absent Horthy;

                            inactive after 4 Nov 1944)

                           - Károly Beregfy                   (b. 1888 - d. 1946)  NykP

                           - Ferenc Rajniss                   (b. 1893 - d. 1946)  Non-party

                           - Sándor Csia                      (b. 1894 - d. 1946)  NykP

National Leader of Hungary (Magyarország nemzetvezetője)

 4 Nov 1944 - 28 Mar 1945  Ferenc Szálasi                     (s.a.)               NykP

                             (in Vienna, then Munich exile Dec 1944 - 7 May 1945)

Chairmen of the Provisional National Assembly

21 Dec 1944                István Vásáry (in Szeged)          (b. 1887 - d. 1955)  FKgP

21 Dec 1944 - 12 Mar 1945  Béla Zsedényi lőcsei (in Szeged)   (b. 1894 - d. 1955)  Non-party

12 Mar 1945 -  7 Dec 1945  National Ruling Council

                           - Béla Zsedényi lőcsei             (s.a.)               Non-party

                             (to 29 Nov 1945)

                           - vitéz Béla Miklós dálnoki        (b. 1890 - d. 1948)  Mil

                             (to 15 Nov 1945)

                           - Ernő Gerő (12 Mar - 11 May 1945) (s.a.)               MKP

                           - József Révai                     (b. 1898 - d. 1959)  MKP

                             (11 May - 27 Sep 1945)

                           - Mátyás Rákosi (from 27 Sep 1945) (s.a.)               MKP

                           - Ferenc Nagy (from 29 Nov 1945)   (b. 1903 - d. 1979)  FKgP

                           - Zoltán Tildy (from 15 Nov 1945)  (b. 1889 - d. 1961)  FKgP

 7 Dec 1945 -  1 Feb 1946  National Ruling Council

                           - Ferenc Nagy                      (s.a.)               FKgP

                           - László Rajk                      (b. 1909 - d. 1949)  MKP

                           - Béla Varga (to 4 Jan 1946)       (b. 1903 - d. 1995)  FKgP

                           - Ferenc Szeder (from 4 Jan 1946)  (b. 1881 - d. 1952)  FKgP

Presidents

 1 Feb 1946 -  3 Aug 1948  Zoltán Tildy                       (s.a.)               FKgP

 3 Aug 1948 - 23 Aug 1949  Árpád Szákasits                    (b. 1888 - d. 1965)  MDP 

Chairmen of the Presidential Council

23 Aug 1949 -  8 May 1950  Árpád Szákasits                    (s.a.)               MDP 

24 Apr 1950 -  8 May 1950  Lajos Drahos (acting for Szákasits)(b. 1895 - d. 1983)  MDP

 8 May 1950 - 14 Aug 1952  Sándor Rónai                       (b. 1892 - d. 1965)  MDP 

14 Aug 1952 - 14 Apr 1967  István Dobi                        (b. 1898 - d. 1968)MDP;1956MZsMP

14 Apr 1967 - 25 Jun 1987  Pál Losonczi                       (b. 1919 - d. 2005)  MSzMP 

25 Jun 1987 - 29 Jun 1988  Károly Németh                      (b. 1922 - d. 2008)  MSzMP 

29 Jun 1988 - 23 Oct 1989  Ferenc Brunó Straub                (b. 1914 - d. 1996)  Non-party

Presidents

23 Oct 1989 -  2 May 1990  Mátyás Szűrös (interim)            (b. 1933)            MSzP 

 2 May 1990  (hours)       Kálmán Kéri (interim)              (b. 1901 - d. 1994)  MDF

 2 May 1990 -  3 Aug 2000  Árpád Göncz                        (b. 1922 - d. 2015)  SzDSz 

                             (interim to 3 Aug 1990) 

 4 Aug 2000 -  4 Aug 2005  Ferenc Mádl                        (b. 1931 - d. 2011)  Non-party

 5 Aug 2005 -  5 Aug 2010  László Sólyom                      (b. 1942 - d. 2023)  Non-party

 6 Aug 2010 -  2 Apr 2012  Pál Schmitt                        (b. 1942)            Fidesz-MPP

 2 Apr 2012 -  9 May 2012  László Kövér (1st time)(acting)    (b. 1959)            Fidesz-MPP

10 May 2012 -  9 May 2022  János Áder                         (b. 1959)            Fidesz-MPP

10 May 2022 - 26 Feb 2024  Katalin Éva Novák (f)              (b. 1977)            Fidesz-MPP

26 Feb 2024 -  5 Mar 2024  László Kövér (2nd time)(acting)    (s.a.)               Fidesz-MPP  

 5 Mar 2024 -              Tamás Sulyok                       (b. 1956)            Non-party

Palatines²

c.1055                     Sámuel Aba                         (s.a.)

c.1057                     Zache (Zacha)
c.1066                     Radó                               (d. 1057)
c.1067                     Ottó nembeli Győr  
1075 - 1091                Radvány (Rodoan)                   (d. af.1070)
1091                       Gyula (1st time)
1094                       Péter
1108 - 1113                Gyula (2nd time)
1131 - c.1138              János fia Uros
c.1141                     Gyula (acting)
1146 - 1157                Fancsal fia Bozeta
1157 - c.1159              Gereon (acting)
1162 - 1163                Belus (Beloš Urošić)               (s.a.)
1163                       Henrik Héder                       (d. af.1163)
1165 - 1174                Tamás (1st time)
1174 - 1177                Lőrinc (acting)
1177 - 1183                Ampud
1184                       Farkas nembeli Bikács
1185 - 1186                Dénes
1188 - 1192                Mog (Moch) (1st time) (acting)
1192 - 1193                Tamás (2nd time)
1197 - 1198                Mog (2nd time)
1198 - 1199                Ézsau
1199 - 1201                Mog (3rd time)
1202 - 1204                Mika (Mihály) nembeli Ják
1205                       Benedek
1205 - 1206                Gyula (acting)
1206                       Miklós
1206 - 1209                Mog (4th time)
1209 - 1212                Csépán nembeli Győr
1212 - 1213                Pot nembeli Győr
1213 - 1214                Bánk nembeli Bór-Kalán             (d. af.1228)
1215 - 1217                Miklós nembeli Szák (1st time)
1219 - 1222                Gyula nembeli Kán (1st time)       (s.a.)
1222                       Miklós nembeli Szák (2nd time)
1222 - 1226                Tódor nembeli Csanád               (d. c.1234)
1226                       Gyula nembeli Kán (2nd time)       (s.a.)
1227 - 1228                Miklós nembeli Szák (3rd time)
1229 - 1230                Dénes fia Dénes nembeli Tomaj      (b. 11.. - d. 1241)
                             (1st time)
1231 - 1234                Mojs 
1234 - 1235                Benedek fia Samud (acting)
1235 - 11 Apr 1241         Dénes fia Dénes nembeli Tomaj      (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1241 - 1242                Arnold fia Arnold nembeli Hahót    (b. 11.. - d. af.1244)
1242 - 1245                László nembeli Kaán               
1245 - Jul? 1246           Dénes nembeli Türje (1st time)     (d. 1255) 
Jul? 1246 - Apr 1248       István fia Dragun nembeli Gut-Keled(b. 12.. - d. 1259)
Apr 1248 - 1. Sep 1248     Dénes nembeli Türje (2nd time)     (s.a.)
1. Sep 1248 - Aug 1261     Loránd fia Domokos nembeli Rátót   (b. 12.. - d. 1277?)
                             (1st time)
Aug 1261 - Jan? 1267       Henrik Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli  (b. 12.. - d. 1274)
                             Héder
Jan? 1267 - 1. May 1270    Lőrinc fia Kemény (1st time)       (b. 12.. - d. af.1273)
1. May 1270 - Jun 1272     Mojs (Mois) fia Mojs (Mois)        (b. 12.. - d. 1280)
Jun 1272 - 27 Nov 1272     Lőrinc fia Kemény (2nd time)       (s.a.)
27 Nov 1272 - Nov 1273     Loránd fia Domokos nembeli Rátót   (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Nov 1273 - 27 Sep 1274     Dénes fia György nembeli Pécz      (b. 12.. - d. 1284?)
                             (1st time)
27 Sep 1274 - Jun 1275     Loránd fia Domokos nembeli Rátót   (s.a.)
Jun 1275 - Nov? 1275       Miklós Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli  (b. 12.. - d. 1299)
                             Héder (1st time)
Nov? 1275 - Jun 1276       Péter fia Máté nembeli Csák        (b. 12.. - d. c.1280)
                             (1st time)
Jun 1276 - Jul 1277        Miklós Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli  (s.a.)
                             Héder (2nd time)
Jul 1277 - Nov 1277        Péter fia Máté nembeli Csák        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Nov 1277 - Mar 1278        Dénes fia György nembeli Pécz      (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Mar 1278 - Jun 1278        Péter fia Máté nembeli Csák        (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
Jun 1278 - Jul 1280        Máté fia Máté nembeli Csák         (b. 12.. - d. 1283)
Jul 1280 - Apr 1281        Finta fia Dávid nembeli Aba        (b. 12.. - d. 1287)
Apr 1281 - Aug 1282        Iván Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli    (b. 12.. - d. 1308)
                             Héder (1st time)
Aug 1282 - Oct 1286        Miklós Kőszegi fia Henrik Héder    (b. 12.. - d. 1299)
                             (1st time)
Oct 1286 - Jul 1287        Makján (Mokianus) fia Büken nembeli
                             Aba   
Jul 1287 - Aug 1288        Iván Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli    (s.a.)
                             Héder (2nd time)
Aug 1288 - Aug 1289        Amadé (Omode) fia Dávid nemzetségi (s.a.)
                             Aba (1st time)
Aug 1289 - 1290            Rénold fia Rénold nembeli Básztély (b. 12.. - d. c.1296)  
Sep 1289 - 20 Jun 1290     Miklós Kőszegi fia Henrik Héder    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
20 Jun 1290 - 2. Jul 1290  Mizse
2. Jul 1290 - Feb 1291     Amadé fia Dávid nembeli Aba        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Feb 1291 - Nov 1291        Miklós Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli  (s.a.)
                             Héder (3rd time)
Nov 1291 - 1293            Mihály nembeli Szente-Mágocs  
1293 - Nov 1293            Amadé fia Dávid nembeli Aba        (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
Nov 1293 - Nov 1295        Miklós Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli  (s.a.)
                             Héder (4th time)
Nov 1295 - Nov? 1296       Amadé fia Dávid nembeli Aba        (s.a.)
                             (4th time)
Nov? 1296 - Oct 1297       Máté fia Péter nembeli Csák        (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
Oct 1297 - Oct? 1298       Amadé fia Dávid nembeli Aba        (s.a.)
                             (5th time)
Oct? 1298 - Aug 1299       Apor fia Márk nembeli Pécz         (b. 12.. - d. af.1307)
                           + Loránd fia Lesuták nembeli Rátót (s.a.)
Aug 1299 - 1301            Amadé fia Dávid nembeli Aba        (s.a.)
                             (6th time)
1301 - 1302                Máté fia Péter nembeli Csák        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1302 - Jun 1303            István fia Erne nembeli Ákos       (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
Jun 1303 - Apr 1304        Iván Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli    (b. 12.. - d. 1308)
                             Héder (1st time)
Apr 1304 - 1305            István fia Erne nembeli Ákos       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1305 - Feb? 1306           Jakab Kopasz fia Tamás nembeli     (s.a.)
                             Borsa
Feb? 1306 - Jun 1307       Iván Kőszegi fia Henrik nembeli    (s.a.)
                             Héder (2nd time)
Jun 1307 - Jun 1310        Máté fia Péter nembeli Csák        (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
Jun 1307 - Jun 1310        Amadé fia Dávid nemzetségi Aba     (s.a.)
                             (7th time)
Jun 1307 - 1315            Jakab Kopasz fia Tamás nembeli     (s.a.)
                             Borsa
1315 - 1320                Domokos fia István Porch nembeli   (b. 12.. - d. af.1320)
                             Rátót
1321 - Aug 1322            Dózsa Debreceni                    (b. 12.. - d. 1322)
c.Sep 1322 - Sep 1327      Fülöp Drugeth                      (b. c.1288 - d. 1327)
Sep 1327 - Feb 1328        Sándor Köcski (acting)             (b. 12.. - d. 1328)
Feb 1328 - Sep 1328        Pál Nagymartoni (1st time)(acting) (b. 128. - d. c.1350)
Sep 1328 - Jun 1333        János Drugeth homonnai             (b. 129. - d. 1334)
Jun 1333 - Jul 1333        Pál Nagymartoni (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.)
Jul 1333 - Aug 1342        Vilmos Drugeth homonnai            (b. 131. - d. 1342)
Aug 1342 - Oct 1342        Pál Nagymartoni (3rd time)(acting) (s.a.)
Oct 1342 - Mar 1356        Miklós Gilétfi                     (b. 129. - d. 1356?)
Mar 1356 - Mar 1356        Miklós Szécsi felsőlendvai (acting)(b. 131. - d. 1387)
                             (1st time)
Mar 1356 - Apr 1367        Miklós Kont Újlaki                 (b. 131. - d. 1367)
Apr 1367 - 2. Apr 1367     István Bebek pelsőci (acting)      (b. 131. - d. 1369)
2. Apr 1367 - Oct 1372     László herceg Oppelni              (b. 133. - d. 1401)
                             (= Władisław książę Opolski)
Oct 1372 - May 1375        Imre Lackfi kerekegyházi           (b. 133. - d. 1375)
May 1375 - Jul? 1375       Jakab Szepesi (acting)             (b. 133. - d. 1380)
Jul? 1375 - Sep 1385       Miklós Garai                       (s.a.)
Sep 1385 - Oct 1386        Miklós Szécsi felsőlendvai         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Oct 1386 - Nov 1392        István Lackfi csáktornyai          (b. 133. - d. 1397)
Nov 1392 - Jun 1397        Leusták Jolsvai                    (b. 133. - d. 1405)
                             (Ottoman prisoner from 28 Sep 1696)
28 Sep 1396 - Jun 1397     János Pásztói (acting)             (b. 134. - d. 1406?)
Jun 1397 -  2. Sep 1402    Detre Bebek vámosi                 (b. 135. - d. 1404)
2. Sep 1402 - Dec 1433     Miklós Garai                       (b. c.1367 - d. 1433)
Dec 1433 - Dec 1433        Máté Pálóczi (Pálóci) (1st time)   (b. 138. - d. 1437)
                             (acting)
Dec 1433 - 8? Mar 1435     György Pálóczi, érsek Esztergomi   (b. 138. - d. 1439)
 8? Mar 1435 - 2. Dec 1436 Máté Pálóczi (2nd time)            (s.a.)
2. Dec 1436 -  7 Mar 1437  István Báthori (acting)            (b. 139. - d. 1444)
 7 Mar 1437 - Jul 1447     Lőrinc Hédervári                   (s.a.)
Aug 1447 - 15 Sep 1447     László Pálóczi (Pálóci)(acting)    (b. 140. - d. 1470)
15 Sep 1447 - 27 Jul 1458  László Garai                       (s.a.)
27 Jul 1458 - 11 Nov 1484  Mihály Orságh (Ország) guthi       (b. 141. - d. 1484)
11 Nov 1484 - Jan 1486     István Báthori ecsedi (1st time)   (b. 1430 - d. 1493)
                             (acting)
Jan 1486 - 12 Sep 1487     Imre gróf Szápolyai (Zápolyai)     (b. 141. - d. 1487)
                             szepesi
12 Sep 1487 -  5 Dec 1487  István Báthori ecsedi (2nd time)   (s.a.)
                             (acting)
 5 Dec 1487 - 21 Oct 1491  Orbán Dóczi Nagylucsei, püspök Egri(b. 143. - d. 1491)
21 Oct 1491 - 29 Mar 1492  István Báthori ecsedi (3rd time)   (s.a.)
                             (acting)
29 Mar 1492 - 25 Dec 1499  István gróf Szápolyai (Zápolyai)   (b. 143. - d. 1499)
                             szepesi 
25 Dec 1499 - 22 Feb 1503  Péter Geréb Vingárti (von Wyngarth)(b. 144. - d. 1503)
                             (acting to 1 Feb 1500)
22 Feb 1503 - 24 Apr 1504  Péter gróf Szentgyörgyi és Bazini  (b. 146. - d. 1517)
                             (acting)
24 Apr 1504 -  5 Feb 1519  Imre fejedelem Perényi siklósi     (b. 146. - d. 1519)
 5 Feb 1519 - 28 May 1519  Lőrinc Újlaki (acting)             (b. c.1459 - d. 1524)
Royal Governors
18 May 1519 -  5 Jul 1525  István Báthory ecsedi (1st time)   (b. 147. - d. 1530)
 5 Jul 1525 - 28 Apr 1526  István Verbőczy (Werbőczy)         (b. c.1458 - d. 1541)
28 Apr 1526 - 14 Feb 1530  István Báthory ecsedi (2nd time)   (s.a.)
 3 Feb 1527 - 20 Aug 1527  Mária (f) (= Maria von Österreich) (b. 1505 - d. 1558)
                             (in dissidence)
14 Feb 1530 - 30 Jan 1534  János Bánffy alsólindvai           (b. 147. - d. 1534)
 4 Oct 1532 - 12 Nov 1542  Elek báró Thurzó bethlenfalvi      (b. 1490 - d. 1543)
                             (in dissidence in Gran to 22 Jul 1540)
12 Nov 1542 - 26 Nov 1542  Tamás báró Nádasdy nádasdi és      (b. 1498 - d. 1562)
                             fogarasföldi (acting)
26 Nov 1542 - 30 Dec 1542  Ferenc Révay szklabinai és         (b. 1489 - d. 1553)
                             blatniczai (1st time) (acting)
30 Dec 1542 - 12 Oct 1549  Pál Várdai kisvárdai               (b. 1481 - d. 1549)
12 Oct 1549 - 12 Apr 1550  Ferenc Révay szklabinai és         (s.a.)
                             blatniczai (2nd time) (acting)
12 Apr 1550 - 13 Mar 1554  Ferenc Újlaky                      (b. 1485 - d. 1555)
Palatines²
13 Mar 1554 -  2 Jun 1562  Tamás gróf Nádasdy nádasdi és      (b. 1498 - d. 1562)
                             fogarasföldi
 2 Jun 1562 - 25 Sep 1562  András Báthori ecsedi (acting)     (b. 150. - d. 1566)
Royal Governors
25 Sep 1562 - 14 Jan 1568  Miklós Oláh (Nekulae Olah)         (b. 1493 - d. 1568)
14 Jan 1568 -  9 Apr 1568  Mihály báró Mérey kapos-mérei      (b. 1500 - d. 1572)
                             (acting)
 9 Apr 1568 - 24 Jun 1572  Pál Bornemissza                    (b. 1499 - d. 1579)
24 Jun 1572 - 15 Jun 1573  Antal Verántz (Ante Verančić)      (b. 1504 - d. 1573)
15 Jun 1573 -  1 Sep 1573  Imre báró Czobor czoborszentmihályi(b. 151. - d. 1581)
                             (acting)
 1 Sep 1573 -  4 Feb 1586  István Radéczi zemchei             (b. 151. - d. 1586)
 4 Feb 1586 - 24 Sep 1586  Miklós Istvánffy baranyavári       (b. 1538 - d. 1615)
                             és kiasszonyfalvi (1st time)(acting)
24 Sep 1586 - 31 Jan 1587  György Draskovich trakostyáni      (b. 1515 - d. 1587)
                             (Juraj Drašković)
31 Jan 1587 - 13 Aug 1587  Miklós báró Istvánffy baranyavári  (s.a.)
                             és kiasszonyfalvi (2nd time)(acting)
13 Aug 1587 - 20 Nov 1596  István Fejérkövy (Fehérkövy)       (b. 1522 - d. 1596)
20 Nov 1596 -  2 Jun 1597  Miklós báró Istvánffy baranyavári  (s.a.)
                             és kiasszonyfalvi (3rd time)(acting)
 2 Jun 1597 - 16 Sep 1601  János Kutassy (Kutasi)             (b. c.1545 - d. 1601)
16 Sep 1601 -  8 Feb 1602  Miklós báró Istvánffy baranyavári  (s.a.)
                             és kiasszonyfalvi (4th time)(acting)
 8 Feb 1602 -  5 Oct 1605  Márton Pethe hethesi               (b. 1552 - d. 1605)
 5 Oct 1605 -  4 Jul 1607  Miklós báró Istvánffy baranyavári  (s.a.)
                             és kiasszonyfalvi (5th time)(acting)
 4 Jul 1607 - 19 Nov 1608  Ferenc gróf Forgách ghymesi és     (b. 1566 - d. 1615)
                             gácsi
Palatines²
20 Nov 1608 -  5 May 1609  István báró Illyesházy illésházai  (b. 1541 - d. 1609)
 5 May 1609 -  7 Nov 1609  Bálint Drugeth gereni és homonnai  (b. 1577 - d. 1609)
                             (acting)
 7 Nov 1609 - 10 Dec 1609  Zsigmond báró Forgách ghymesi és   (b. 155. - d. 1621)
                             gácsi (1st time) (acting)
10 Dec 1609 - 24 Dec 1616  György gróf Thurzó bethlenfalvi    (b. 1567 - d. 1616)
24 Dec 1616 - 30 Jun 1621  Zsigmond báró Forgách ghymesi és   (s.a.)
                             gácsi (2nd time)(acting to 11 May 1618)
30 Jun 1621 - 16 May 1622  Tamás gróf Erdődy monyorókeréki    (b. 1558 - d. 1624)
                             és monoszlói (acting)
16 May 1622 -  1 May 1625  Sztaniszló gróf Thurzó bethlenfalvi(b. 1576 - d. 1625)
 1 May 1625 - 11 Sep 1645  Miklós báró Esterházy galánthai    (b. 1582 - d. 1645)
                             (acting to 25 Oct 1645)
11 Sep 1645 - 22 Nov 1645  János gróf Drugeth homonnai        (b. 1609 - d. 1645)
                             (acting)
22 Nov 1645 -  6 Feb 1646  István gróf Csáky körösszeghi és   (b. 1603 - d. 1662) 
                             adorjáni (acting)
 6 Feb 1646 - 25 Sep 1646  Pál gróf Pálffy erdődi (1st time)  (b. 1590 - d. 1653)
                             (acting)
25 Sep 1646 -  5 Aug 1648  János gróf Draskovich trakostyáni  (b. 1595 - d. 1648)
                             (Ivan Drašković)
 5 Aug 1648 - 26 Nov 1653  Pál gróf Pálffy erdődi (2nd time)  (s.a.)
                             (acting to 24 Mar 1649)
26 Nov 1653 - 14 Oct 1654  László gróf Csáky körösszeghi és   (b. 159. - d. 1655)
                             adorjáni (acting) 
14 Oct 1654 - 15 Mar 1655  István gróf Csáky körösszeghi és   (b. 1603 - d. 1662)
                             adorjáni (acting)
15 Mar 1655 - 23 Mar 1667  Ferenc gróf Wesselényi hadadi és   (b. 1605 - d. 1667)
                             murányi 
23 Mar 1667 -  3 Sep 1670  Ferenc gróf Nádasdy nádasdi        (b. 1622 - d. 1671)
                             (royal governor) 
 3 Sep 1670 - 18 Oct 1670  Ádám gróf Forgách ghymesi és gácsi (b. 1601 - d. 1681)
                             (acting royal governor)
18 Oct 1670 - 13 Jun 1681  György Szelepcsényi pohronczi      (b. 1595 - d. 1685)
                             (royal governor)
13 Jun 1681 - 26 Mar 1713  Pál herceg Esterházy galánthai     (b. 1635 - d. 1713)
                             (from 8 Dec 1687, Pál fejedelem Esterházy galánthai)
26 Mar 1713 - 20 Mar 1732  Miklós gróf Pálffy erdődi          (b. 1657 - d. 1732)
                             (acting to 15 Oct 1714)
20 Mar 1732 -  5 Apr 1732  János gróf Pálffy erdődi (1st time)(b. 1664 - d. 1751)
                             (acting)
 5 Apr 1732 - 22 Jun 1741  Franz Stephan Herzog von           (b. 1708 - d. 1765)
                             Lothringen und Bar (royal governor)
22 Jun 1741 - 24 Mar 1751  János gróf Pálffy erdődi (2nd time)(s.a.)
24 Mar 1751 - 11 May 1751  György gróf Erdődy monyorókeréki   (b. 1676 - d. 1759)
                             és monoszlói (acting)
11 May 1751 - 26 Oct 1765  Ludwig Ernst gróf Batthyány        (b. 1696 - d. 1765)
                             németújvári
26 Oct 1765 - 26 Dec 1765  Miklós gróf Pálffy erdődi (acting) (b. 1710 - d. 1773)
26 Dec 1765 - 1780         Albert Kasimir August von Sachsen  (b. 1738 - d. 1822)
                             Herzog zu Teschen (royal governor)

Presidents of the Government Council

1780 - 14 Aug 1783         György gróf Fekete galánthai       (b. 1711 - d. 1788)
14 Aug 1783 - 21 Dec 1786  János gróf Csáky körösszeghi és    (b. 1720 - d. 1795)
                             adorjáni
21 Dec 1786 - 26 Dec 1787  Kristóf gróf Niczky niczki         (b. 1725 - d. 1787)
26 Dec 1787 - 18 Dec 1788  Antal Jankovich pribéri (acting)   (b. 1730 - d. 1789)
18 Dec 1788 - 12 Nov 1790  Károly Zichy zichi és vásonykeői   (b. 1753 - d. 1826)
Palatines²
12 Nov 1790 - 12 Jul 1795  Alexander Leopold Erzherzog        (b. 1772 - d. 1795)
                             von Österreich
12 Jul 1795 - 20 Jul 1795  Péter Végh verebi (acting)         (b. 1725 - d. 1802)
30 Jul 1795 - 13 Jan 1847  Joseph Anton Johann Erzherzog      (b. 1776 - d. 1847)
                             von Österreich
                             (royal governor to 12 Nov 1795)
13 Jan 1847 - 12 Nov 1847  György Mailáth székhelyi (1st time)(b. 1818 - d. 1883)
                             (acting)
12 Nov 1847 - 25 Sep 1848  Stephan Franz Erzherzog von        (b. 1817 - d. 1867)
                             Österreich
25 Sep 1848 - 14 Apr 1849  György Mailáth székhelyi (2nd time)(s.a.)
                             (acting)

President of the Council of Ministers (Prime minister)
17 Mar 1848 -  8 Oct 1848  Lajos gróf Batthyányi németújvári  (b. 1807 - d. 1849)  EP   
President of the Committee of National Defense

 8 Oct 1848 - 14 Apr 1849  Lajos Kossuth udvardi és           (s.a.)               EP   
                             kossutfalvai (in rebellion,

                             from 1 Jan 1849 in Debrecen)

President of the Council of Ministers (Prime minister)

 2 May 1849 - 11 Aug 1849  Bertalan Szemere szemerei          (b. 1812 - d. 1869)  EP

                             (in rebellion, in Debrecen)
Austrian Army High Commanders
 5 Jan 1849 - 12 Apr 1849  Alfred Candidus Ferdinand Fürst zu (b. 1787 - d. 1862)  Mil
                             Windischgrätz
12 Apr 1849 - 30 May 1849  Franz Ludwig Freiherr von Welden   (b. 1782 - d. 1853)  Mil
30 May 1849 -  8 Jul 1850  Julius Freiherr von Haynau         (b. 1786 - d. 1853)  Mil  
                             (from 24 Oct 1849, commander of the Austrian
                             Imperial Army in Hungary and Transylvania)
Imperial Commissioner for the Civil Administration
 4 Jun 1849 - 12 Sep 1851  Carl Gabriel Freiherr von Geringer (b. 1806 - d. 1889)  Non-party
                             -Oedenberg
Austrian Military and Civil Governors
 8 Jul 1850 - 10 Oct 1851  Carl Gabriel Freiherr von Geringer (s.a.)               Non-party
                             -Oedenberg (acting)
10 Oct 1851 - 20 Apr 1860  Albrecht Friedrich Rudolf          (b. 1817 - d. 1865)  Mil
                             Erzherzog von Österreich
20 Apr 1860 - 20 Oct 1860  Ludwig August Ritter von Benedek   (b. 1804 - d. 1881)  Mil    
                             (acting)
Chairman of the Governing Council
20 Oct 1860 -  5 Nov 1861  György Mailáth székhelyi           (s.a.)               Non-party
Governor
 6 Nov 1861 - 18 Jul 1865  Móric gróf Pállfy erdődi           (b. 1812 - d. 1897)  Mil
Chairman of the Governing Council
18 Jul 1865 - 12 Jun 1867  Pál báró Sennyey kis-sennyey       (b. 1824 - d. 1888)  Non-party
Royal Chancellors
20 Oct 1860 - 18 Jul 1861  Miklos báró Vay vajai és luskodi   (b. 1802 - d. 1894)  Non-party
18 Jul 1861 - 22 Apr 1864  Antal gróf Forgách ghymesi és      (b. 1819 - d. 1885)  Non-party
                             gácsi
22 Apr 1864 - 26 Jun 1865  Armin gróf Zichy zichi és          (b. 1814 - d. 1880)  Non-party
                             vásonykeői
26 Jun 1865 - 10 Mar 1867  György Mailáth székhelyi           (s.a.)               Non-party
Prime ministers³
10 Mar 1867 - 13 Nov 1871  Gyula gróf Andrássy                (b. 1823 - d. 1890)  DP
                             csíkszentkirályi és krasznahorkai
13 Nov 1871 -  5 Dec 1872  Menyhért gróf Lónyay nagylónyai    (b. 1822 - d. 1884)  DP
                             és vásárosnaményi
 5 Dec 1872 - 20 Mar 1874  József Szlávy okányi és érkenézi   (b. 1818 - d. 1900)  DP
20 Mar 1874 -  2 Mar 1875  István Bittó sárosfai és nádasdi   (b. 1822 - d. 1903)  DP
 2 Mar 1875 - 21 Oct 1875  Béla (Adalbert) báró von Wenckheim (b. 1811 - d. 1879)  SzP
21 Oct 1875 - 15 Mar 1890  Kálmán Tisza borosjenői és szegedi (b. 1830 - d. 1902)  SzP
15 Mar 1890 - 19 Nov 1892  Gyula gróf Szapáry szapári         (b. 1832 - d. 1905)  SzP
19 Nov 1892 - 16 Jan 1895  Sándor Wekerle (1st time)          (b. 1848 - d. 1921)  SzP
16 Jan 1895 - 27 Feb 1899  Dezsö báró Bánffy losonczi         (b. 1843 - d. 1911)  SzP
27 Feb 1899 - 28 Jun 1903  Kálmán Széll dukai és              (b. 1845 - d. 1915)  SzP
                             szentgyörgyvölgyi
28 Jun 1903 -  3 Nov 1903  Károly gróf Khuen-Héderváry        (b. 1849 - d. 1918)  SzP
                             hédervári (1st time) 
 3 Nov 1903 - 18 Jun 1905  István gróf Tisza borosjenői és    (b. 1861 - d. 1918)  SzP
                             szegedi (1st time)
18 Jun 1905 -  8 Apr 1906  Géza báró Fejérváry komlós-        (b. 1833 - d. 1914)  Non-party
                             keresztesi
 8 Apr 1906 - 18 Jan 1910  Sándor Wekerle (2nd time)          (s.a.)               OAP
18 Jan 1910 - 22 Apr 1912  Károly gróf Khuen-Héderváry        (s.a.)               NMP
                             hédervári (2nd time) 
22 Apr 1912 - 11 Jun 1913  László Lukács erzsébetvárosi       (b. 1850 - d. 1932)  NMP
11 Jun 1913 - 15 Jun 1917  István gróf Tisza borosjenői és    (s.a.)               NMP
                             szegedi (2nd time) 
15 Jun 1917 - 21 Aug 1917  Móric gróf Esterházy galanthai     (b. 1881 - d. 1960)  Non-party
                             és fraknói
21 Aug 1917 - 30 Oct 1918  Sándor Wekerle (3rd time)          (s.a.)      FNP/F48;Jan 1918 A48
30 Oct 1918 - 31 Oct 1918  János Kelemen Béla gróf Hadik      (b. 1863 - d. 1933)  OAP
                             futaki
31 Oct 1918 - 11 Jan 1919  Mihály gróf Károlyi nagykárolyi    (s.a.)               FNP/F48
11 Jan 1919 - 21 Mar 1919  Dénes Berinkey                     (b. 1871 - d. 1948)  PRP
                             (acting to 19 Jan 1919)
Chairman of the Revolutionary Governing Council
21 Mar 1919 -  1 Aug 1919  Sándor Garbai                      (s.a.)               MSzP
24 Jun 1919 -  1 Aug 1919  Antal Dovcsák (acting for Garbai)  (b. 1879 - d. 1962)  MSzP   
Prime ministers³
 5 May 1919 - 12 Jul 1919  Gyula gróf Károlyi nagykárolyi     (b. 1871 - d. 1947)  Non-party
                             (prime minister of counter-government,
                             in Arad to 31 May 1919, then in Szeged)
12 Jul 1919 - 12 Aug 1919  Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám danczkai  (b. 1875 - d. 1977)  Non-party
                             (prime minister of counter-government, in Szeged)
 1 Aug 1919 -  6 Aug 1919  Gyula Peidl                        (s.a.)               SzDP
 6 Aug 1919 - 24 Nov 1919  István Friedrich                   (s.a.)               KNEP
24 Nov 1919 - 15 Mar 1920  Károly Huszár                      (s.a.)               KNEP
15 Mar 1920 - 19 Jul 1920  Sándor Simonyi-Semadam             (b. 1864 - d. 1946)  KNEP
19 Jul 1920 - 14 Apr 1921  Pál János Ede gróf Teleki széki    (b. 1879 - d. 1941)  Non-party
                             (1st time)                                           
14 Apr 1921 - 24 Aug 1931  István gróf Bethlen bethleni       (b. 1874 - d. 1947)KNEP;1922KFKP
21 Oct 1921 - 24 Oct 1921  István Rakovszky nagyrákói és      (b. 1858 - d. 1931)  KNEP
                             nagyselmeczi 
                            (at Sopron in dissidence [with Károly IV])
24 Aug 1931 -  1 Oct 1932  Gyula gróf Károlyi nagykárolyi     (s.a.)               KFKP
 1 Oct 1932 -  6 Oct 1936  vitéz Gyula Gömbös jákfai          (s.a.)               NEP
 3 Sep 1936 - 14 May 1938  Kálmán Darányi pusztaszentgyörgy   (b. 1886 - d. 1939)  NEP
                             és tetétleni
                             (acting [for Gömbös to 6 Oct 1936] to 12 Oct 1936)
14 May 1938 - 16 Feb 1939  vitéz Béla Imrédy ómoravicazi      (b. 1891 - d. 1946)  NEP
16 Feb 1939 -  3 Apr 1941  Pál János Ede gróf Teleki széki    (s.a.)               MEP
                             (2nd time)           
 3 Apr 1941                vitéz Ferenc Keresztes-Fischer     (b. 1881 - d. 1948)  MEP
                             (1st time) (acting) 
 3 Apr 1941 -  7 Mar 1942  László Bárdossy bárdosi            (b. 1890 - d. 1946)  Non-party
 7 Mar 1942 -  9 Mar 1942  vitéz Ferenc Keresztes-Fischer     (s.a.)               MEP
                             (2nd time) (acting)
 9 Mar 1942 - 22 Mar 1944  Miklós Kállay nagykállói           (b. 1887 - d. 1967)  MEP
22 Mar 1944 - 29 Aug 1944  Döme Sztójay                       (b. 1883 - d. 1946)  Mil
29 Aug 1944 - 16 Oct 1944  vitéz Géza Lakatos csíkszentsimoni (b. 1890 - d. 1967)  Mil
16 Oct 1944 - 28 Mar 1945  Ferenc Szálasi                     (s.a.)               NykP
                             (government president; in exile from Dec 1944)   
22 Dec 1944 - 15 Nov 1945  vitéz Béla Miklós dálnoki          (s.a.)               Mil
                             (in opposition to 13 Feb 1945; at Debrecen to 11 Apr 1945)
15 Nov 1945 -  1 Feb 1946  Zoltán Tildy                       (s.a.)               FKgP 
 1 Feb 1946 -  4 Feb 1946  Mátyás Rákosi (1st time) (acting)  (s.a.)               MKP
 4 Feb 1946 -  1 Jun 1947  Ferenc Nagy                        (s.a.)               FKgP
13 May 1947 -  1 Jun 1947  Mátyás Rákosi (2nd time)           (s.a.)               MDP
                             (acting for Nagy)
 1 Jun 1947 - 10 Dec 1948  Lajos Dinnyés                      (b. 1901 - d. 1961)  FKgP
10 Dec 1948 - 14 Aug 1952  István Dobi                        (s.a.)               MDP
14 Aug 1952 -  4 Jul 1953  Mátyás Rákosi (3rd time)           (s.a.)               MDP
 4 Jul 1953 - 18 Apr 1955  Imre Nagy (1st time)               (b. 1896 - d. 1958)  MDP
18 Apr 1955 - 24 Oct 1956  András Hegedüs                     (b. 1922 - d. 1999)  MDP
24 Oct 1956 -  4 Nov 1956  Imre Nagy (2nd time)               (s.a.)            MDP;1956 MSzMP
                             (continues in Yugoslav Embassy refuge to 22 Nov 1956)
 4 Nov 1956 - 27 Jan 1958  János József Kádár (1st time)      (s.a.)               MSzMP
                             (in Uzhorod exile, then at Szolnok to 7 Nov 1956)
27 Jan 1958 - 13 Sep 1961  Ferenc Münnich                     (b. 1886 - d. 1967)  MSzMP
13 Sep 1961 - 30 Jun 1965  János József Kádár (2nd time)      (s.a.)               MSzMP
30 Jun 1965 - 14 Apr 1967  Gyula Kállai                       (b. 1910 - d. 1996)  MSzMP
14 Apr 1967 - 15 May 1975  Jenő Fock                          (b. 1916 - d. 2001)  MSzMP
15 May 1975 - 25 Jun 1987  György Lázár                       (b. 1924 - d. 2014)  MSzMP
25 Jun 1987 - 24 Nov 1988  Károly Grósz                       (s.a.)               MSzMP
24 Nov 1988 - 23 May 1990  Miklós Németh                      (b. 1948)        MSzMP;1989 MSzP
23 May 1990 - 12 Dec 1993  József Antall                      (b. 1932 - d. 1993)  MDF
12 Dec 1993 - 15 Jul 1994  Péter Boross                       (b. 1928)            MDF
                             (acting to 21 Dec 1993)
15 Jul 1994 -  6 Jul 1998  Gyula Horn                         (b. 1932 - d. 2013)  MSzP
 6 Jul 1998 - 27 May 2002  Viktor Orbán (1st time)            (b. 1963)            Fidesz-MPP
27 May 2002 - 29 Sep 2004  Péter Medgyessy                    (b. 1942)            Non-party
27 Aug 2004 - 14 Apr 2009  Ferenc Gyurcsány                   (b. 1961)            MSzP
                             (acting for Medgyessy to 29 Sep 2004)
14 Apr 2009 - 29 May 2010  Gordon Gordon Bajnai               (b. 1968)            Non-party
29 May 2010 -              Viktor Orbán (2nd time)            (s.a.)               Fidesz-MPP

Allied (Soviet) Occupation

Soviet Military Representative of the Headquarters of the High Command
19 Oct 1944 - 20 Jan 1945  Semyon Konstantinovich Timoshenko  (b. 1895 - d. 1970)  Mil
Chairman of the Allied (Soviet) Control Commission
20 Jan 1945 - 15 Sep 1947  Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov     (b. 1881 - d. 1969)  Mil
                             (Soviet Union)(absent from Feb 1946)
Feb 1946 - 15 Sep 1947     Vladimir Petrovich Sviridov        (b. 1897 - d. 1963)  Mil
                             (Soviet Union)(acting for Voroshilov) 

German Occupation
 
Commander of the German Defense Force (Wehrmacht) in Hungary 
 1 Apr 1944 -  4 Apr 1945  Hans von Greiffenberg              (b. 1893 - d. 1951)  Mil

Romanian Occupation 

Commander of Romanian Forces in Hungary (in Budapest)
 4 Aug 1919 - 14 Nov 1919  Gheorghe D. Mărdărescu             (b. 1866 - d. 1938)  Mil

Inter-Allied Military Mission (1918-1927)

Noble and Ecclesiastical Titles (in Hungarian/German): báró/freiherr = baron; bíboros/kardinal = cardinal; érsek/erzbischof = archbishop; főherceg/erzherzog = archduke; fejedelem/fürst = prince; gróf/graf = count; herceg/herzog = duke; püspök/bischof = bishop; vitéz/ritter = knight.

                      

 ¹The short style of the ruler:
(a) 25 Dec 1000 - 1102 (in Latin): Dei gratia, Hungariae rex; (in Hungarian): Isten kegyelméből, Magyarország Királya ("By the Grace of God, of Hungary King");
(b) 1102 - 22 Jul 1540 (in Latin): Dei gratia, Hungariae, Dalmaciae, Croaciae, &c. Rex; (in Hungarian): Isten kegyelméből, Magyarország, Dalmácia, Horvátország, stb. Királya ("By the Grace of God, of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, etc. King");
(c) 22 Jul 1540 - 1 Oct 1758 (in Latin): Dei gratia, Hungariae, Dalmatiae, Croatiae, Sclavoniae, &c. Rex, (from 1722) Transylvaniae Princeps; (in Hungarian): Isten kegyelméből, Magyarország, Dalmácia, Horvátország, Szlavónia, stb. Királya, (from 1722) Erdély Fejedelme; (in German): Von Gottes Gnaden, Ungarns, Dalmatiens, Kroatiens, Slawoniens, etc. König, (from 1722) Fürst von Siebenbürgen ("By the Grace of God, of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, etc. King, [from 1722] Prince of Transylvania");
(d) 1 Oct 1758 - 10 Mar 1867 (in Hungarian): Isten kegyelméből, A Magyarország, Dalmácia, Horvátország, Szlavónia, stb. Apostoli Királya, (from 1765) Erdély Nagyfejedelme; (in Latin): Dei gratia, Hungariae, Dalmatiae, Croatiae, Sclavoniae, &c. Rex Apostolicus, (from 1765) Magnus Princeps Transylvaniae; (in German): Von Gottes Gnaden, Ungarns, Dalmatiens, Kroatiens, Slawoniens, etc. Apostolischer König, (from 1765) Grossfürst von Siebenbürgen ("By the Grace of God, of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, etc. Apostolic King, [from 1765] Grand Prince of Transylvania"), [for full style see under Austria];
(e) 10 Mar 1867 - 16 Nov 1918: Isten kegyelméből, Magyar, Dalmát, Horvát, Tót, stb. országok Apostoli Királya, Erdély Nagyfejedelme; (in German): Von Gottes Gnaden, Ungarns, Dalmatiens, Kroatiens, Slawoniens, etc. Länder Apostolischer König, Grossfürst von Siebenbürgen ("By the Grace of God, of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, etc. lands Apostolic King, Grand Prince of Transylvania"), [for full style see under Austria];
(f) 20 Oct 1921 - 24 Oct 1921: Magyarország Apostoli Királya ("Apostolic King of Hungary");

(g) 1 Mar 1920 - 15 Oct 1944: Ő Főméltósága a Magyar Királyság Kormányzója ("His Serene Highness the Governor of the Hungarian Kingdom");

  The style apostoli (apostolic) was granted by the Pope on 19 Aug 1758, effective 1 Oct 1758.

  The term Kyrálynö (queen-regnant) literally means "female-king", and was rendered Rex (not as Regina) in the official Latin, the term Királynö is therefor different from Kyrályné (queen-consort}.

 ³Formal styles of the prime ministers: Miniszterelnök (minister-president) 10 Mar 1867 - 5 Sep 1949, 24 Oct - 4 Nov 1956, and from 23 Oct 1989; a Minisztertanács elnöke (president of the Council of Ministers) 5 Sep 1949 - 24 Oct 1956, 278 Jan 1958 - 30 Jun 1965, and 15 May 1975 - 23 Oct 1989; a Magyar Forradalmi Munkás-Paraszt Kormány elnöke (president of the Hungarian Revolutionary Workers' and Peasants' Government) 4 Nov 1956 - 27 Jan 1958 and 30 Jun 1965 - 15 May 1975; and during 16 Oct 1944 - 28 Mar 1945 Szálasi was Kormányelnök (government president).

Territorial Disputes: Bilateral government, legal, technical and economic working group negotiations continue since 2006 with Slovakia over Hungary's failure to complete its portion of the Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Hungary has implemented the strict Schengen border rules. 

Party abbreviations: Fidesz-MPP = Fiatal Demokraták Szövetsége "Fidesz" - Magyar Polgári Szövetség (Alliance of Young Democrats "Fidesz"–Hungarian Civic Union, conservative, center-right, from 2010 soft Eurosceptic, 1988-2003 as Fiatal Demokraták Szövetsége [Alliance of Young Democrats], est.30 Mar 1988); FKgP = Független Kisgazda-, Földmunkás és Polgári Párt (Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party, christian democratic, agrarian, radical populist, agrarian, 12 Jan 1908-2 Feb 1922, merged into KFKP, 12 Oct 1930-1949, re-est.18 Nov 1988); MDF = Magyar Demokrata Fórum (Hungarian Democratic Forum, center-right, christian-democratic, est.27 Sep 1987); MSzDP = Magyar Szociáldemokrata Párt (Hungarian Social Democratic Party, social-democratic, 7 Dec 1890-12 Jun 1948, merged into MDP, re-est.9 May 1989); MSzP = Magyar Szocialista Párt (Hungarian Socialist Party, socialist, former MSzMP, est.7 Oct 1989); SzDSz = Szabad Demokraták Szövetsége – a Magyar Liberális Párt (Alliance of Free Democrats–Hungarian Liberal Party, liberal, est.13 Nov 1988); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: 48AP = 48-as Alkotmánypárt ("48 Constitution Party, traditionalist conservative, former FNP, 25 Jan-7 Nov 1918); BP = Balközép Párt (National Party, center-left, pro-independence, 1867-1 Mar 1875, merged into SzP); DP = Deák-párt (Deák Party, liberal reform, moderate, 1867-1 Mar 1875, merged into SzP); EP = Ellenzéki Párt (Opposition Party, liberal nationalist, 15 Mar 1847-13 Aug 1849); FNP/F48 = Függetlenségi és Negyvennyolcas [48-as] Párt (Independence and Forty-eight ["48] Party, conservative, merger of FP and NFP/48FP, 29 Sep 1884-25 Jan 1918 then renamed 48AP; Mihály Károlyi faction of FNP separates as F48-"Károlyi Párt" [F48-Károlyi Party] 9 Aug 1916-1919); FP = Függetlenségi Párt (Independence Party, 1874-29 Sep 1884, merged into FNP/F48); KFKP = Keresztény-Keresztyén Földmíves-, Kisgazda- és Polgári Párt "Egységes Párt" (Christian Smallholders', Agricultural Labourers' and Citizens' Party "Unified Party", conservative, merger of FKgP, KNEP, and OKFP, 2 Feb 1922-27 Oct 1932, then NEP); KMP = Kommunisták Magyarországi Pártja (Hungarian Communist Party, communist, 24 Nov 1918-21 Mar 1919, then MSzP; re-est.1922-1943); KNEP = Keresztény Nemzeti Egyesülés Pártja (Christian National Union Party, conservative, christian-socialist, Aug-Oct 1919 named Keresztény Nemzeti Párt [Christian National Party], 25 Oct 1919-2 Feb 1922, merged into KFKP); KsP = Keresztényszociális Néppárt (Christian Social People's Party, christian social, catholic, 3 Feb 1918 - Apr 1919, merged into KNEP); MDP = Magyar Dolgozók Pártja (Hungarian Workers' Party, merger of MSzDP and MKP, 12 Jun 1948-30 Oct 1956, then MSzMP); MEP = Magyar Élet Pártja (Party of Hungarian Life, far-right, nationalist, 22 Feb 1939-1944?); MKP = Magyar Kommunista Párt (Hungarian Communist Party, 8 Oct 1944 - 13 Jun 1948, merged into MDP); MSzMP = Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt (Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, communist, split from MDP, 1 Nov 1956-7 Oct 1989); MSzP = Magyar Szocialista Párt (Hungarian Socialist Party, democratic socialist, merger of MSzDP and KMP, 21 Mar 1919-1 Aug 1919); NEP = Nemzeti Egység Pártja (National Unity Party, christian conservative, populist, union of FKgP and KFKP, 27 Oct 1932-1939?); NFP/48FP = Negyvennyolcas [48-as] Függetlenségi Párt (Forty-eight ["48] Independence Party, compromise opposition, radical liberal, 17 May 1874-29 Sep 1884, merged into FNP/F48); NMP = Nemzeti Munkapárt (National Labour Party, liberal, 19 Feb 1910-22 Oct 1918); NykP = Nyilaskeresztes Párt – Hungarista Mozgalom (Arrow Cross Party-Hungarist Movement, fascist, nationalist, Turanism, pro-German, 8 Mar 1939-28 Mar 1945); OAP = Országos Alkotmánypárt (National Constitution Party, liberal, 18 Nov 1905-Nov 1918); OKFP = Országos Kisgazda- és Földmíves Párt (National Christian Smallholders' Party, agrarian, 29 Nov 1919-2 Feb 1922, merged into KFKP); PRP = (Országos) Polgári Radikális Párt ([National] Civil Radical Party, radical liberal, 6 Jun 1914-22 Mar 1919); SzP = Szabadelvű Párt (Liberal Party, liberal, merger of BP and DP, 1 Mar 1875-11 Apr 1906)

Serbian/Yugoslav Commandants in Pečuj (Pécs)  
14 Nov 1918 - Jan 1919     Miloš Cvetić                                             Mil
Jan 1919 - 1919            Stevo Radovanović                                        Mil
 1 Aug 1919 - 29 Nov 1919  Kosta Vujičić                       (b. 1879 - d. 19..)  Mil
1919 - 1921                ....
1921 - 21 Aug 1921         Đorđe (Đoka) M. Đorđević            (b. 1863 - d. 1935)  Mil
                             (Djordje "Djoka" Djordjević)
Serbian/Yugoslav Government Commissioners
1918 - Jan 1919            Stjepan (Stipan) Vojnić-Tunić       (b. 1883 - d. 1928)
27 Jan 1919 - 28 Dec 1919  Vladislav Pandurović                (b. 1876 - d. 1944)
Dec 1919 - 18 Aug 1921     Svetislav Rajić                     (b. 1889 - d. 1941)  Non-party?
Chairman of the Management Committee of the Serbo-Hungarian Republic of Baranya
14 Aug 1921 - 22 Aug 1921  Petár Dobrovics (Petar Dobrović)    (b. 1890 - d. 1942)  PSP
                             (in rebellion)
Hungarian Commanding General in the Southern Marches
22 Aug 1921 - 1921         vitéz Károly Soós bádoki            (b. 1869 - d. 1953)  Mil
Hungarian Government Commissioner
22 Aug 1921 - 1921         Gyula Kiszely (Julius Kissely)      (b. 1869 - d. 1950)

Chairmen of the Inter-Allied Military Mission in Pécs
28 May 1920 - 11 Aug 1921  Raoul Émile Derain (France)                              Mil
11 Aug 1921 - 25 Sep 1921  Francis William Gosset (U.K.)       (b. 1876 - d. 1931)  Mil

Party abbreviations: PSP = Pécsi Szocialista Párt (Socialist Party in Pécs, democratic-socialist, Baranya regionalist, split from MSzDP, 14 Jun 1920-1921); Mil = Military