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                    WORLD
                     STATESMEN.org
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            2018 Updates
             
            
             
             
            
             
             
            (abbreviations: Admin. =
                Administrator, Gov. = Governor, PM = Prime minister,
                Pres. = President, Secy.-gen. = Secretary-general) 
             
             
            
              
                 
                New Heads
                          of State, Governors and Other Leaders in 2018
               
             
            
              -   
 
               
              - 12/29/18      update to U.S. city:
                  Shreveport
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 12/26/18      update to
                      Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Sarajevo
                      (PM).
 
              - 12/25/18     
                  updates to Taiwan (ROC) cities: Kaohsiung, Sinbei, Taichung, Tainan (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 12/24/18      update to
                  Mexico state: Puebla
                  (Gov.)
 
              - 12/19/18      update to Somalia
                  state: Southwestern
                    State (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 12/18/18      updates to
                  Bosnia-Hercegovnia: Republika
                    Srpska (PM), Congo (Kinshas) prov.:
 
              -                     
                  Ituri
                  (Gov.)
 
               
              - 12/17/18      updates to
                Ethiopia state: Afar
                    (Pres.), India states: Chhattisgarh,
 
              -              
                    Madhya
                    Pradesh and Rajasthan
                  (CM).
 
                 
              - 12/16/18      updates to
                  Georgia (Pres.), Sri Lanka (PM).
 
                 
              - 12/15/18      updates to India
                  state: Mizoram
                  (CM), Orthodox
                    Church of Ukraine (Metrp.)
 
                 
              - 12/14/18      update to Mexico
                  state: Puebla
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 12/13/18      update to
                  United Kingdom: Wales
                  (First Min.)
 
                 
              - 12/12/18      update to
                  Cook Islands: Avarua
                  (High chief).
 
                 
              - 12/10/18      updates to
                  Brazil state: Roraima
                  (Gov.), Italy reg.: Valle
                    d'Aosta (Pres.),
 
              -              
                    Mercosur
                  (Parlasur Pres.), Syria: SSG (rebel PM).
                
 
              - 12/09/18      update to Sudan
                  state: Gedaref
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 12/08/18      update to Mexico
                  state: Chiapas
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 12/07/18      update to
                  Russia reg.: Sakhalin
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 12/06/18      update to
                  Mexico state: Jalisco
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 12/05/18      update
                    to Mexico state: Ciudad de
                      México (Chief).
 
              - 12/04/18      update to
                  Israel: Jerusalem
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 12/03/18      updates to
                  São Tomé and Príncipe
                  (PM), Russia rep.: Bashkortostan
                  (PM), U.S. 
 
                 
              -                
                  state: Alaska
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 12/02/18      update to Ukraine: Crimea (Pres. Rep.)
 
                 
              - 12/01/18      updates to
                  Mexico (Pres.), Mexico state:
                  Veracruz
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 11/30/18      update to  U.S.: 41st President
                (1989-1993), Vice President (1981-89), CIA
                  Director
 
              -              
                    (1976-77), UN Ambassador
                  (1971-73), RNC Chairman (1973-74), and U.S.
                  Congressman
 
              -              
                    (TX-7)(1967-71), George H.W. Bush (b. 1924 - d
                  2018) dies.
 
                 
              - 11/29/18      updates to Australian
                      Antarctic Terr.(Dir.), Wallis and
                  Futuna: Tu'a (Alo)
                  (King).
 
                 
              - 11/28/18     
                    updates to Kosovo (KFOR
                    Cmdr.), Ukraine prov.: Chernihiv
                    (Gov.)
 
              - 11/27/18      update to Nigeria
                  state: Osun
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 11/24/18      update to Belarus
                      prov.: Minsk
                        city (Mayor).
 
              - 11/23/18     
                    update to Ukraine prov.: Chernivtsi
                    (Gov.)
 
              - 11/22/18      updates to Ukraine
                  prov.: Luhans'k
                  (Gov.), UNEP
                  (Exec. Dir.)
 
                 
              - 11/20/18      updates to  Bosnia-Hercegovnia (Pres.),
                  Ukraine prov.: Cherkasy
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 11/19/18      updates to
                  Bosnia-Hercegovnia: Republika
                    Srpska (Pres., PM), French Southern 
 
                 
              -            
                      Antarctic
                    Lands (Admin.-Sup.), U.S. city: Key West, FL
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 11/17/18      update to Maldives (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 11/15/18      updates to
                  Czech reg.: Praha
                  (Mayor), Russia rep.: Khakassia
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 11/13/18      update to
                  U.S. govt.: FWS
                  (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 11/10/18      update to Ethiopia
                  state: Gambella
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 11/09/18      update to Canada
                  prov.: New
                    Brunswick (PM).
 
                 
              - 11/08/18      update to
                  Comoros: Anjouan
                  (Admin.)
 
                 
              - 11/07/18      updates to Bhutan (PM), Russia admin.: Severo-Zapadny
                      (Plenp.), Somalia state:
 
              -            
                          Southwestern
                      (Pres.), U.S. govt.: Justice Dept.
                  (Attny.-Gen.)
 
                 
              - 11/06/18      update to Pakistan:
                  Islamabad
                    Capital Terr. (Chief Com.) 
 
              - 11/06/18      updates
                  to United
                    States, election results: U.S.
                    Congress - elections to all 435
 
              -              
                    seats of the House of Representatives, and
                  to 35 of 100 seats in the Senate. 
 
                 
              -                
                  In the House of Representatives -
                the Democratic Party takes control,
                  they win 
 
                 
              -                
235
                  of the 435 seats, the Republicans will have
                  200 seats (the previous balance
 
              -              
                    was 240 Rep. vs. 195 Dem.); In the Senate
                  - the Republicans retain control, they
 
              -              
                    will have 53 seats and
                  Democrats 47 seats (incl. 2 independents who
                caucus with
 
              -              
                    them), the previous balance was 51 Rep. vs. 49
                  Dem.;
 
                
                
                 
               
              -              
                    Party abbreviations: Dem = Democrat,
                  Rep. = Republican, DFL = Democratic–
 
              -                
                  Farmer–Labor, Grn. = Green Party, Const. =
                  Constitution, Ind. = Independent, 
 
                 
              -              
                    Indep. = Independence Party, Libt. =
                  Libertarian, WFP = Working Families Party;
 
                
                  -  
                              
                      Gubernatorial elections:  
 
                               -
                      Alabama: Gov. Kay Ivey (f)(Rep.) is elected
                      over Mayor Walt Maddox (Dem.), 
                  -           
                      59.5%-40.4%;
 
                               - Alaska:
                      Mike Dunleavy (Rep.) defeats ex-Sen.
                        Mark Begich (Dem.), incumbent
                        Gov. 
                  -           
                        Bill Walker (Ind.), and Billy Toien (Libt.),
                        51.9%-44%-2%-1.9%;
 
                               -
                      Arizona: Gov. Doug Ducey (Rep.)
                      wins re-election
                        over David Garcia (Dem.),  
                     
                  -           
and
                      Angel Torres (Grn.), 56.2%-41.7%-2.1%;
 
                               -
                      Arkansas: Gov. Asa Hutchinson (Rep.) wins
                                re-election
                      over Jared Henderson  
                       
                  -           
                        (Dem.), and Mark West (Libt.),
                      65.4%-31.7%-2.9%;
 
                               -
                      California: Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom (Dem.)
                      defeats John Cox (Rep.),
                            61.3% to 
                           
                  -           
                      38.7%;
 
                               -
                      Colorado: Rep. Jared Polis (Dem.) defeats
                                Treasurer Walker Stapleton (Rep.), 
                               
                  -            Scott
                      Helker (Libt.), and Bill Hammons
                        (Unity), 51.6%-44.9%-2.5%-1%; 
 
                     
                  -          - Connecticut:
                    Ned Lamont (Dem./WFP) defeats Bob
                        Stefanowski (Rep./Indep.), Oz 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Griebel (Ind.), Rod Hanscomb (Libt.),
                      and Mark Stewart Greenstein (Amigo 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Const.), 49.2%-46.4%-3.9%-0.4%-0.1%;
 
                     
                  -         
                      - Florida: Rep. Ron
                        DeSantis (Rep.) defeats Mayor
                          Andrew Gillum (Dem.), Darcy 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Richardson (Ref.), Kyle "KC" Gibson
                       (Ind.), Ryan Foley (Ind.), and Bruce
 
                     
                  -           
                      Stanley (Ind.), 49.6%-49.2%-0.6%-0.3%-0.2%-0.2%;
 
                               -
                      Georgia: Sec. of State Brian
                        Kemp (Rep.) defeats Stacey
                            Abrams (f)(Dem.), and 
                     
                  -            Ted
                      Metz (Libt.), 50.3%-48.7%-1%;
 
                               - Hawaii:
                      Gov. David Inge (Dem.) wins re-election over
                      Andria P. Tupola (f) 
                  -           
                      (Rep.), Jim Brewer (Grn.), and Terrence Teruya
                      (Ind.), 62.7%-33.7%-2.6%-1%;
 
                               -
                      Idaho: Lt. Gov. Brad Little (Rep.) defeats
                    Paulette Jordan (f)(Dem.),
                      Bev  
                     
                  -           
                      "Angel" Boeck (f)(Libt.), and Walter
                      Bayes (Const.), 59.8%-38.2%-1.1%-1%;
 
                               -
                      Illinois: J.B. Pritzker (Dem.)
                      defeats incumbent Gov. Bruce
                          Rauner (Rep.),  
                         
                  -           
                      William "Sam" McCann (Conservative), and Grayson
                      "Kash" Jackson (Libt.), 
 
                     
                  -           
                      48.2%-37.6%-4.3%-2.4%;
 
                               -
                      Iowa: Gov.
                                  Kim Reynolds (f)(Rep.)
                                    wins election over Fred
                                Hubbell (Dem.), 
                  -      
                                     Jake Porter (Libt.),
                      and Gary Siegwarth (Clean Water),
                      50.4%-47.4%-1.6%-0.6%;
 
                     
                  -          - Kansas:
                      Laura Kelly (f)(Dem.) defeats Secy. of State Kris
                      Kobach (Rep.), Greg
 
                  -            Orman
                      (Ind.), Jeffrey Caldwell (Libt.), and Richard
                      Kloos (Ind.), 47.8%-
 
                  -           
                      43.3%-6.5%-1.9%-0.6%;
 
                   
                  -          - Maine:
                    Attny.-Gen. Janet Mills (f)(Dem.)
                        defeats Shawn Moody (Rep.), and
 
                  -           
                      Treasurer Terry Hayes (f)(Ind.),
                      50.8%-43.2%-5.9%;
 
                               - Maryland:
                      Gov. Larry Hogan (Rep.) wins
                              re-election over  Ben
                      Jealous (Dem.),  
                       
                  -           
                      Shawn Quinn (Libt.), and Ian
                        Schlakman (Grn.), 56.2%-42.7%-0.6%-0.5%;
 
                               -
                      Massachusetts: Gov. Charlie Baker (Rep.) is
                      re-elected over Jay Gonzalez 
                  -           
                      (Dem.), 66.9%-33.1%;
 
                               -
                      Michigan: Gretchen Whitmer
                      (f)(Dem.) defeats Attny.-Gen. Bill Schuette
                      (Rep.), 
                     
                  -           
                      Bill Gelineau (Libt.), Jennifer
                        Kurland (f)(Grn.), Todd Schleiger (U.S.
 
                  -           
                      Taxpayers), and Keith Butkovich (Natural Law),
                      53.2%-43.9%-1.3%-0.7%-0.6%-0.2%;
 
                     
                  -          - Minnesota:
                      Tim Walz (Dem./DFL) defeats Jeff Johnson (Rep.),
                      Chris Wright 
 
                     
                  -         
                        (Grassroots), and Josh Welter (Libt.),
                      53.8%-42.4%-2.7%-1%;
 
                               - Nebraska:
                      Gov. Pete Ricketts (Rep.) wins
                                  re-election over
                      Bob Krist (Dem.), 
                  -           
                      59.4% to 40.6%;
 
                  -         
                      - Nevada: Steve Sisolak (Dem.)
                      defeats Attny.-Gen. Adam
                        Laxalt (Rep.), Ryan
 
                     
                  -           
                    Bundy (Ind.), Russell Best (Ind.
                      American), Jared Lord (Libt.), and
                        None
 
                       
                  -           
                        of These Candidates, 49.4%-45.3%-1.4%-1%-0.9%-1.9%;
 
                               - New
                        Hampshire: Gov. Chris Sununu (Rep.) wins
                                      election over 
                      Molly Kelly (f) 
                  -           
                      (Dem.), and Jilletta Jarvis (f)(Libt.),
                      52.8%-45.7%-1.4%;
 
                               - New Mexico:
                      Rep. Michelle Lujan Grisham (f)(Dem.) defeats
Rep.
                              Steve Pearce 
                  -        
                                 (Rep.), 57.1% to 42.9%; 
 
                             
                  -          - New
                        York: Gov. Andrew Cuomo
                      (Dem./WFP/Indep.) wins
                                    re-election over
                            Marc
 
                  -        
                               Molinaro
                            (Rep./Conservative/Ref.), Howie
                              Hawkins (Grn.), Larry
                                Sharpe (Libt.), 
 
                               
                  -           
                                and ex-Mayor Stephanie
                      Miner (f)(Serve America Movement,
                      58.9%-36.7%-1.7%-1.6%-
 
                  -                
                      1%;
 
                   
                  -           - Ohio:
                    Attny.-Gen. Mike DeWine (Rep.) defeats
                        Richard Cordray (Dem.), Travis 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Irvine (Libt.), and Constance Gadell-Newton
                      (f)(Grn.), 50.7%-46.5%-1.8%-1.1%; 
 
                     
                  -          - Oklahoma:
                      Kevin Stitt (Rep.) defeats Attny.-Gen.
                        Drew Edmondson (Dem.), and 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Chris Powell (Libt.), 54.3%-42.2%-3.4%;
 
                     
                  -          - Oregon:
                    Gov. Kate Brown (f)(Dem.) is
                                elected over Knute Buehler (Rep.),
                                Patrick
 
                  -      
                                     Starnes
                      (Oregon Indep. Pty.), Nick Chen
                        (Libt.), Aaron Auer (Const.), and
                      
 
                     
                  -           
                      Chris Henry (Progressive),
                      49.9%-43.8%-2.9%-1.5%-1.1%-0.6%;
 
                               - Pennsylvania:
                    Gov. Tom Wolf (Dem.) wins
                            re-election over Scott Wagner
                      (Rep.), 
                  -           
                      Kenneth Krawchuk (Libt.), and Paul Glover (Grn.),
                      57.6%-40.8%-1%-0.6%;
 
                     
                  -          - Rhode
                        Island: Gov. Gina Raimondo (f)(Dem.) wins
                        re-election over Mayor Allan 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Fung (Rep.), Joseph Trillo (Ind.), William Gilbert
                      (Moderate), Luis-Daniel
 
                  -           
                        Munoz (Ind.), and Anne Armstrong
                      (f)(Compassion), 52.6%-37.2%-4.4%-2.7%-
 
                  -           
                      1.7%-1.1%;
 
                   
                  -           - South
                        Carolina: Gov. Henry McMaster (Rep.) wins
                        re-election over James E. Smith
 
                  -           
                      (Dem.), 53.9% to 45.9%;
 
                               - South
                        Dakota: Rep.
                                Kristi Noem (f)(Rep.) defeats Billie
                                        Sutton (Dem.), and
                              Kurt  
                             
                  -           
                              Evans (Libt.),
                      50.9%-47.6%-1.4%;
 
                     
                  -          - Tennessee:
                      Bill Lee (Rep.) defeats
                              Mayor Karl Dean (Dem.),
                      Sherry Clark (f)
 
                  -           
                      (Libt.), Mark Wright (Ind.), Patrick Whitlock
                      (Ind.), Yvonne Neubert (f)
 
                  -           
                      (Grn.), Heather Scott (f)(Ind.), Mark "Coonrippy"
                      Brown (Ind.), Joe Wilmoth
 
                  -           
                      (Ind.), George B. Smith
                              IV (Ind.), Cory King (Ind.), Tracy Tisdale
                              (f)
 
                  -           
                              (Ind.), Justin Cornett (Ind.), Chad Riden
                              (Ind.), and Robert Sawyers (Ind.),
 
                  -           
                      59.6%-38.5%-0.2%-0.2%-0.2%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%;
 
                     
                  -          - Texas:
                      Gov. Greg Abbott (Rep.) wins re-election over
                      Sheriff Lupe Valdez (f)
 
                                
                      (Dem.), and Mark Trippetts (Libt.),
                        55.8%-42.5%-1.7%; 
                     
                  -          - Vermont:
                      Gov. Phil Scott (Rep.) wins re-election over
                      Christine Hallquist (f)
 
                     
                  -           
                      (Dem.), Trevor Barlow (Ind.), Charles
                        Laramie (Ind.),  Cris Ericson
                          (f)(Ind.),
 
                  -           
                        Stephen Marx (Earth Justice), and
                      Em Payton (f)(Liberty Union),
                      55.2%-40.3%-
 
                  -                
                    1.2%-0.8%-0.8%-0.8%-0.7%-0.7%; 
 
                     
                  -          - Wisconsin:
                      Supt. Tony Evers (Dem.) defeats incumbent
                      Gov. Scott Walker (Rep.),
 
                  -            
                          Phillip Anderson (Libt.),
                      Maggie Trunbull (f)(Ind.), Michael White (Grn.), 
 
                     
                  -           
                      and Arnie Enz (Wisconsin Party),
                      49.6%-48.4%-0.8%-0.7%-0.4%-0.1%;
 
                               - Wyoming:
                      Treasurer Mark Gordon (Rep.) defeats Mary Throne
                      (f)(Dem.), Rex 
                  -           
                        Rammell (Const.), and Lawrence Struempf
                      (Libt.), 67.1%-27.5%-3.3%-1.5%;
 
                    
                              
                      Territorial Governors:  
                  -           - Guam:
                      Lourdes "Lou" Leon Guerrero (f)(Dem.) wins over Raymond
                        "Ray" Tenorio
 
                       
                  -           
                      (Rep.), and Frank Blas Aguon Jr. (Dem.),
                      50.7%-26.4%-22.9%;
 
                     
                  -          - Northern
                        Mariana Islands (postponed to 
                      13 Nov 2018): incumbent Gov. Ralph Torres
 
                  -           
                      (Rep.) wins re-election over
                      Juan Nekai Babuta (Ind.), 62.2% to 37.8%;
 
                       
                  -         
                      - Virgin Islands: Albert J.
                        Bryan, Jr. (Dem.) leads Gov. Kenneth E.
                      Mapp (Ind.), 
 
                     
                  -           
                        Adlah "Foncie" Donastorg (Ind.), Warren Mosler
                      (Ind.), Soraya Diase Coffelt (f)
 
                  -        
                             (Ind.), Moleto A.
                      Smith Jr. (Dem.), and Janette Millin Young
                      (f)(Ind.),
 
                     
                  -           
                      37.9%-33.7%-16.4%-4.7%-4.7%-1.6%-1%; in runoff on
                      20 Nov 2018, Bryan defeats
 
                  -            Mapp
                      54.7% to 45.3%;
 
                  -         
                      Mayoral elections: 
 
                  -           - Austin,
                        TX: Mayor Stephen Adler (Dem.) is
                        re-elected over Laura
                          Morrison (f)
 
                  -                
                    (Dem.), 
                            Gustavo "Gus" Pena (Ind.),
                          Todd Phelps (Rep.),
                        Travis R. Duncan (Ind.),
 
                  -            
                            Alexander
                          Strenger (Ind.), and  Alan Pease (Ind.),
                      59.2%-19.2%-11.2%-6.5%-2.3%-
 
                  -                
                      1%-0.7%;
 
                   
                  -         
                      - Key West, FL (runoff):
                      Teri Johnston (f)(Ind.) defeats Margaret Romero
                      (f)
 
                  -           
                      (Rep.), 66%-33%;
 
                     
                  -         
                      - Louisville, KY: Mayor Greg Fischer
                      (Dem.) is re-elected over Angela Leet (f)
 
                     
                  -           
                      (Rep.), Jackie Green (Ind.), and Chris Thieneman
                      (Ind.), 61.3%-36.5%-0.7%-0.4%;
 
                               -
                      Oakland, CA: Mayor Libby Schaaf (f)(Dem.) is
                        re-elected over Cat Brooks (f) 
                  -           
                      (Ind.), Pamela Price (f)(Dem.),
                    Saied Karamooz (Grn.), Ken
                      Houston (Ind.), Nancy
 
                  -           
                      Sidebotham (f)(Ind.),  Marchon
                        Tatmon (Ind.), Peter Y. Liu
                        (Rep.),  Cedric A. 
 
                     
                  -           
                      Troupe (Ind.), Jesse Smith (Ind.),
                      57.1%-22.3%-12.3%-1.9%-1.7%-1.3%-1.3%-0.7%-
 
                  -           
                      0.7%-0.5%;  
 
                     
                               -
                      Phoenix, AZ: Kate Gallego (f) (Dem.) leads
                    Daniel Valenzuela (Dem.), Moses  
                     
                  -           
                      Sanchez (Rep.), and Nicholas J. Sarwark (Libt.),
                      43.9%-26.1%-18.8%-11.2% 
 
                     
                  -           
                      (runoff between Gallego and Valenzuela to be held
                      on 12 Mar 2019);
 
                     
                  -         
                      - Providence, RI: Mayor
                      Jorge O. Elorza (Dem.) wins
                      re-election over Dianne "Dee
 
                  -            Dee"
                      Witman (f)(Ind.), and Jeffrey E. Lemire (Ind.),
                      63.6%-33.1%-2.8%;
 
                     
                  -         
                      - Reno, NV: Mayor Hillary Schieve
                      (f)(Ind.) is re-elected over George "Eddie"
 
                  -           
                      Lorton (Rep.), 64.5%-35.5%;
 
                     
                  -         
                      - Shreveport, LA: Adrian
                        Perkins (Dem.) leads incumbent Mayor
                          Ollie Tyler (f)
 
                  -           
                          (Dem.), Jim Taliaferro
                        (Rep.), Lee O. Savage Jr.
                          (Rep.), Steven Jackson
                        (Dem.),
 
                  -           
                      Tremecius Dixon (Dem.), Anna Marie
                        Arpino (f)(Louisiana Indep.), and Jeron
 
                  -           
                      Rogers (Dem.), 28.9%-23.8%-20.5%-13.7%-11.2%-0.8%-0.6%-0.6%,
                      in a runoff on
 
                     
                  -         
                        8 Dec 2018 Perkins
                      defeats Mayor Tyler 64.4% to 35.6%;
 
                    
                               -
                    Washington, DC: Mayor
                      Muriel Bowser (f)(Dem.) is re-elected over Ann C. 
                  -           
                      Wilcox (f)(D.C. Statehood Green), Dustin "D.C."
                      Canter (Ind.), and Martin
 
                     
                  -           
                    Moulton (Libt.), 76.2%-9.4%-6.9%-3.4%;
 
                     
                  -              
                    - Saipan,
                        Northern Marianas (postponed to 13
                      Nov 2018): Mayor David Mudo Apatang
 
                  -            
                            (Rep.) wins re-election over Ramon
                        Blas Camacho (Ind.), 75.6%-24.4%;
 
                 
               
              - 11/04/18      update
                    to New Caledonia
                    (referendum rejects independence).
 
                   
              - 11/03/18      update to Italy
                    reg.: Trento
                    (Pres.)
 
                   
              - 11/02/18      update to CSTO
                    (Secy.-gen.)
 
                   
              - 11/01/18      update to
                    Belgium prov.: Oost-Vlaanderen
                    (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 10/30/18      update
                    to Ukraine prov.: Kyyiv
                    (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 10/29/18      updates to Cayman Islands
                    (Gov.), Eswatini (PM),
                    Mauritania (PM).
 
                   
              - 10/28/18      update to Parlacen
                    (Pres.)
 
                   
              - 10/26/18      update
                    to Sri Lanka (PM).
 
                   
              - 10/25/18      updates to Ethiopia (Pres.), Sri
                        Lanka prov.: Northern
                        (PM). 
 
              - 10/24/18      updates to Iraq (PM), Malaysia
                        terr.: Labuan
                        (Chair.), Russia reg.: Zabaikalskiy
 
              -            
                        (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 10/23/18      update to Vietnam (Pres.)
 
                   
              - 10/18/18      updates
                    to Yemen (PM), Canada
                    prov.: Quebec
                    (PM), Ukraine: Donetsk
                      Rep. (PM).
 
                   
              - 10/17/18      update to
                    Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Una-Sana
                    (PM).
 
                   
              - 10/16/18      updates to
                    Nigeria state: Ekiti
                    (Gov.), Armenia
                            prov.: Aragatsotn,
                            Armavir,
                            
 
                           
              -                
                            Syunik
                            (Gov.) 
 
              - 10/15/18      updates
                    to Andean
                      Com.(Secy.-gen.), U.S. city: Juneau (Mayor)
 
                   
              - 10/13/18      update to
                        Armenia prov.: Yerevan
                        (Mayor). 
 
                       
              - 10/12/18     
                    update to Palau state: Ngarchelong
                      (Gov.)
 
                     
              - 10/11/18      updates to Russia
                    rep.: Bashkortostan
                    (Pres.), Kursk
                    (Gov.) 
 
                   
              - 10/10/18      updates to Russia
                    reg.: Ivanovo
                    (Gov.), Sri Lanka prov.: North
                      Western (PM). 
 
                   
              - 10/08/18      updates to
                    Russia reg.: Vladimir
                    (Gov.), Sri Lanka prov.: Central
                    (PM).
 
                   
              - 10/07/18      updates to Interpol
                    (Pres.)
 
                   
              - 10/04/18      updates to Japan
                    pref.: Okinawa
                    (Gov.), Pakistan prov.: Balochistan
                        (Gov.), 
 
                       
              -                     
                  Wallis and Futuna: Tu`a
                    (Alo) (King),  Armenia
                            prov.: Gegharkunik,
                            Lori,
 
              -        
                                     
                               Vayots
                              Dzor (Gov.)
              
 
              - 10/03/18      updates to
                    Russia admin.: Khakassia
                    (Pres.), St.
                      Petersburg (Gov.), 
 
                   
              -                
                    Severo-Zapadny
                    (Plenp.)
 
                   
              - 10/02/18      updates to Iraq (Pres.); Malaysia terr.:
                    Kuala Lumpur
                    (Mayor), Putrajaya
                    (Pres.);
 
              -                      Russia
                    admin.: Kurgan,
                    Lipetsk
                    (Gov.); Mali (UNISFA); U.S.
                    mayor election
 
              -              
                         Juneau, AK:
                  Beth Weldon (f)(Ind.) defeats Saralyn Tabachnick (f)(Dem.),
                Norton
 
              -              
                         Gregory (Ind.), and Cody
                  Shoemaker (Ind.), 47.8%-40.4%-9.5%-2%.
 
               
              - 10/01/18      updates to San Marino (Capt.
                    Reg.), Indonesia prov.: Kalimantan
                          Timur, 
 
                       
              -                
                        Sumatera
                          Selatan (Gov.), Mexico states: Morelos, Yucatán
                    (Gov.), Tajikistan:
 
              -            
                        Gorno-Badakshan
                    (PM), IOM
                    (Dir.-gen.), U.S. govt.: IRS (Com.)
 
                   
              - 09/30/18      update
                    to Pakistan prov.: Gilgit-Baltistan
                    (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 09/27/18      update to Russia
                    reg.: Sakhalin
                        (Gov.)
 
              - 09/28/18      update to Russia
                    admin.: Khabarovsk
                    (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 09/26/18      updates to Mexico
                    state: Guanajuato
                    (Gov.), Russia admin.: Kabardino-Balkaria
                      
 
                     
              -                
                      (Pres.), Astrakhan
                      (Gov.), Primorskiy
                    (Gov.)
 
              - 09/22/18      updated to Indonesia
                            prov.: Kalimantan
                              Timur (Gov.), New
                      Zealand Orthodox Church
 
              -            
                        (Metrop.)
 
              - 09/21/18      updates to Vietnam (Pres.),
                    Indonesia prov.: Riau,
                  Sumatera
                              Selatan (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 09/20/18      updates to Cayman Islands
                    (Gov.), Indonesia
                                prov.: Kalimantan
                                  Timur (Gov.)
                  
 
              - 09/19/18      update to Indonesia
                                    prov.: Nusa
                                      Tenggara Barat (Gov.)
 
              - 09/18/18      updates to
                        Georgia: Abkhazia
                        (PM), Syria:
                        Northeast Syria
                          (Rojava) (Pres.),
 
              -            
                         United
                      Nations (Gen. Asmb. Pres.)
 
                   
              - 09/17/18      updates
                    to Haiti (PM), Indonesia
                                        prov.: Nusa
                                          Tenggara Barat (Gov.)
                  
 
              - 09/15/18      update
                    to Pakistan prov.: Gilgit-Baltistan
                    (Gov.) 
 
              - 09/13/18      updates to Slovenia (PM), Swiss
                      canton: Genève.
                  
 
              - 09/10/18      update
                    to The Sudan (PM).
 
                   
              - 09/09/18      updates to Pakistan (Pres.), Russia
                    rep.: Ingushetia
                    (PM).
 
                   
              - 09/08/18      updates to
                    Georgia: Abkhazia
                    (PM), Indonesia prov.: Sumatera
                      Utara (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 09/07/18      updates
                    to Madagascar (Pres.),
                   Russia Federal district: Privolzhskiy
                        (Plenp.),
 
              -                
                    Ukraine: Donetsk Republic
                        (Pres., PM). 
 
              - 09/06/18     
                  updates to Pakistan prov.: Balochistan
                    (Gov.), Syria reg.: Northeast
                      Syria (Pres). 
 
              - 09/05/18      updates to Eswatini (PM), Indonesia
                    prov.: Bali,
                    Jawa Barat,
                    Kalimantan
                      Barat,
 
              -                
                    Nusa
                      Tenggara Timur, Papua, Sulawesi
                            Selatan, Sulawesi
                      Tenggara (Gov.), Pakistan 
 
                   
              -            
                        prov.: Kyber-Pakhtunkhwa,
                    Punjab
                    (Gov.); U.S. govt.: U.S. Senate Senator
                    Jon Kyl 
 
                   
              -                
                    (R-AZ) sworn in, the Senate balance returns to 51
                    Rep. vs. 49 Dem.
 
              - 09/01/18      updates to St
                    Kitts & Nevis: Nevis
                    (Dpty. Gov.-gen.),
                          Sweden county: Östergötland
 
              -          
                                (Gov.), EFTA
                    (Secy.-gen.), United Nations (High Com. HR).
 
                   
              - 08/31/18      updates
                    to Palestine: Jerusalem
                    (Gov.), Ukraine: Donetsk
                      Republic (Pres., PM).
 
                   
              - 08/30/18      update
                    to Wallis and Futuna: Tu'a (Alo)
                        (PM).
 
              - 08/29/18      update to Indonesia
                        prov.: Bali
                        (Gov.)
 
              - 08/28/18      update
                    to U.S. mayor election Key West, FL: Teri
                    Johnston (f)(Ind.), Margaret
 
              -                     
                  Romero (f)(Rep.), George Bellenger (Ind.), Randy
                  Becker (Ind.), Bill Foley 
 
                 
              -                     
                  (Ind.), Sloan Bashinsky (Ind.), and Carrie Noda
                  (f)(Ind.) win 48.8%-21.3%-
 
              -                     
                  20.8%-6.6%-0.9%-0.8%-0.7% (runoff to be held 8 Nov
                  2018).
 
               
              - 08/27/18      update to
                    Pakistan prov.: Sindh
                    (Gov.) 
 
                   
              - 08/26/18     
                    updates to India states: Sikkim, Uttarkhand
                    (Gov.), U.S. govt.: U.S.
                      Senate 
 
                   
              -            
                        Senator John McCain (R-AZ)(b. 1936 -
                    d. 2018) dies, Senate balance becomes
 
              -            
                        50 Rep. vs. 49 Dem. (incl. 2 Ind. who
                    caucus with them).
 
                   
              - 08/25/18      updates to India
                    states: Haryana,
                    Meghalaya,
                    Tripura
                    (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 08/24/18      updates
                    to Australia (PM),
                    Russia Federal district: Privolzhskiy
                    (Plenp.)
 
                   
              - 08/23/18      updates
                    to India states: Bihar,
                    Jammu
                      & Kashmir (Gov.)
 
                   
              - 08/22/18      updates to
                    Ethiopia state: Somali
                    (Pres.); Teutonic
                      Order (Grand Master).
 
                   
              - 08/20/18     
                  updates to Pakistan prov.: Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
                    (Gov.), Punjab
                  (PM). 
 
              - 08/19/18      update to
                  Pakistan prov.: Balochistan
                  (PM). 
 
              - 08/18/18      updates to Belarus (PM), Pakistan (PM), Pakistan
                  prov.: Punjab
                    (Gov.),
 
              -            
                        Sindh (PM). 
 
              - 08/17/18      update to Pakistan
                  prov.: Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
                  (PM). 
 
                 
              - 08/16/18      update to U.S. govt.:
                  FWS (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 08/15/18      updates to Paraguay (PM), India
                  state: Chhattisgarh
                  (Gov.)
 
              - 08/14/18      update to India
                  state: Chhattisgarh
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 08/12/18      update to Greece:
                    Athos (Gov.)
 
              - 08/10/18      update to Italy reg.:
                  Abruzzo
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 08/09/18      update to Bhutan (PM).
 
                 
              - 08/08/18      update to Japan
                  pref.: Okinawa (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 08/07/18      update to China
                    prov.: Qinghai
                    (Gov.)
 
              - 08/06/18      updates to China
                  prov.: Jiangxi
                  (Gov.), Ethiopia state: Somali
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 08/07/18      updates to Colombia (Pres.), Lebanon (UNIFIL).
 
                 
              - 08/03/18      updates to Pakistan
                  prov.: Sindh
                  (Gov.), Salvation
                    Army (Gen.)
 
                 
              - 08/01/18      updates to New Zealand (acting PM),
                  WZO
                  (JAI Chair.)
 
                 
              - 07/31/18      update to ECOWAS
                  (Chair.)
 
                 
              - 07/30/18     
                  updates to New Caledonia
                  (Congress Pres.), Ukraine prov.: Chernihiv
                  (Gov.),
 
              -                
                  U.S. govt.: Veterans
                    Dept. (Secy.), BIA
                  (Asst. Sec.)
 
                 
              - 07/26/18      update to Ethiopian
                    Orthodox Church (Patr.)
 
                 
              - 07/25/18      update to OPCW
                  (Dir.-gen.)
 
              - 07/24/18      update to
                  Ethiopia state: S.N.N.P.
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 07/23/18      update to
                  U.S.: DNC (CEO).
 
                 
              - 07/21/18      update to Georgia: Adjaria (PM).
 
                 
              - 07/19/18      update to Congo
                  (Kinshasa) prov.: Kongo
                    Central (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 07/18/18      updates to COMESA (Secy.-gen.),
                                                          Andean
                                                          Com.
                                                          (Parl. Pres.)
 
                                                           
              - 07/17/18      update to Ethiopia
                            reg.: Addis
                              Ababa (Mayor).
 
              - 07/11/18      updates to Netherlands
                      prov.: Overijssel
                      (Com.), U.S. city: San Francisco
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 07/09/18      updates to Turkey (PM), St. Martin/St. Barthélemy (Pref.),
                  Armenia prov.: Yerevan
 
              -                
                  (Mayor), U.S. govt.: EPA
                  (Admin.)
 
                 
              - 07/06/18      update to Italy reg.:
                  Basilicata
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 07/05/18      update to Indonesia
                  prov.: Aceh
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 07/03/18      update to Solomon
                  Islands prov.: Western
                  (PM).
 
              - 07/02/18      updates to
                Wallis and Futuna: Tu'a (Alo) (PM),
                  Mexico state: Nuevo León
                    (Gov.),
 
              -                
                  Congo DRC prov.: Kwango
                  (Gov.), U.S. govt.: DEA (Dir.),  
 
              - 07/01/18      updates to South
                  Korea prov.: Chungcheongnam,
                  Gyeonggi, Gyeongsangnam,
 
              -              
                    Gyeongsangbuk,
                  Jeollanam
                  (Gov.), cities Busan, Daejeon, Gwangju, Incheon, Ulsan
 
              -              
                    (Mayor); Swiss cantons: Basel-Land,
                  Luzern, Nidwalden,
                  Obwalden, Schwyz; 
 
                 
              -              
                     Taiwan (ROC)
                            prov.: Taiwan
                            (Gov.); U.S. city:
                  Trenton (Mayor),
                  U.S. govt.:
 
              -            
                      DEA
                  (Dir.), ICE (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 06/30/18      update to Australia:
                  New South Wales Lord Howe
                    Island (CEO).
 
                 
              - 06/29/18      update to Canada
                  prov.: Ontario
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 06/28/18      updates to Solomon
                  Islands prov.: Choiseul
                  (PM), Andean
                    Com. (Secy.-gen.)
 
                 
              - 06/27/18      update to
                  Italy reg.: Valle
                    d'Aosta (Pres.)
 
              - 06/26/18      updates to
                Russian admin.: Severno-Kavkazskiy,
                    Tsentralny,
                    Uralskiy
                    (Plenp.),
 
              -                
                        Sakha (PM);
                  U.S. city: Bismarck,
                    ND (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 06/25/18      updates to Russia
                  rep.: Chechnya
                  (PM), CE
                  (PACE Pres.)
 
                 
              - 06/22/18      updates to
                  Timor-Leste (PM), Indonesia
                      prov.: Sumatera
                        Utara (Gov.), Norway county:
 
              -              
                    Telemark
                  (Gov.), South Africa prov.: North
                      West (PM), Ukraine prov.:
                      Donets'k
 
              -            
                          (Gov.), Russia
                  rep.: Chechnya
                  (PM).
 
              - 06/21/18      updates to New Zealand (acting PM),
                  Cuba: Guantanamo Bay
                  (U.S. Cmdr.)
 
                 
              - 06/20/18      updates to Georgia (PM), India state: Jammu and
                    Kashmir (PM), Kazakhstan
                                          
 
                                         
              -                
                                          prov.: Shymkent
                                          (Akim).
 
                 
              - 06/19/18      update to Malaysia
                  states: Selangor
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 06/18/18      updates to Indonesia
                  prov.: Jawa
                    Barat, Sumatera
                          Utara (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 06/14/18      updates to Jordan (PM), Venezuela (VP), Greece: Athos (Protos), Canada
                  prov.:
 
              -              
                    Nunavut
                  (PM), Pakistan: Islamabad
                    Capital Terr. (Chief Com.) 
 
              - 06/13/18      updates to Cayman Islands
                  (acting Gov.), Ukraine prov.: Donets'k (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 06/12/18      updates to
                  U.S. mayor elections: Bismarck, ND:
                  Steve Bakken (Rep.) defeats Mayor
 
              -                
                  Mike Seminary (Ind.) and  Isaac Afoakwa
                    (Ind.), 57.9%-37.7%-4.2%; 
 
                 
              -                
                  Trenton, NJ (runoff): Reed
                  Gusciora (Dem.) defeats Paul Perez (Dem.) 52% to 
 
                 
              -                
                  47.9%. 
 
                 
              - 06/11/18      update to BIOT (U.S.
                  Cmdr.)
 
                 
              - 06/08/18      updates to Pakistan
                  prov.: Balochistan,
                  Punjab (PM).
 
                 
              - 06/07/18      updates to Egypt (PM), Armenia
                              prov.: Armavir,
                              Syunik
                              (Gov.) 
 
              - 06/06/18      updates to Madagascar (PM),
                  Azerbaijan: Artsakh
                  (PM), Pakistan prov.:
 
              -                     
                  Kyber-Pakhtunkhwa
                  (PM).
 
               
              - 06/05/18      updates to U.S.
                  govt.: FDIC
                  (Chair.), NEA
                    (Chair.); U.S. mayor elections:
 
              -              
                    San Francisco, CA: London
                  N. Breed (f)(Dem.) wins 36.7% of vote, Mark Leno 
 
                 
              -                
                  (Dem.) 24.5%, Jane Kim (f)(Dem.) 24.2%,
                  Angela Alioto (f)(Dem.) 6.9%, Ellen Lee
 
              -            
                        Zhou (f)(Ind.) 3.8%,
                  Richie Greenberg (Rep.) 2.8%, Amy Farah Weiss
                  (f)(Ind.) 
 
                 
              -                
                  0.67%, and Michelle Bravo (f)(Dem.) 0.36%,
                  after the reallocation of ranked 
 
                 
              -                
                  votes Breed defeats Leno 50.5%-49.5%; San
                    José, CA: Mayor Sam Liccardo (Dem.) 
 
                 
              -                
                  is re-elected defeating Steve Brown (Rep.), Quangminh
                  Pham (Ind.), and Tyrone
 
              -              
                    Wade (Ind.), 75.8%-14.3%-7.1%-2.8%
 
               
              - 06/04/18      updates to Jersey (PM), Swiss canton: Bern
 
                 
              - 06/02/18      updates to Spain (PM), Spain region: Catalonia
                  (autonomy restored), Pakistan 
 
                 
              -                
                  prov.: Sindh
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 06/01/18      updates to Italy (PM), Pakistan (PM), French Southern &
                    Antarctic Lands (Admin.),
 
                   
              -                
                 Armenia
                              prov.: Ararat,
                              Gegharkunik,
                              Kotayk,
                              Shirak,
                              Tavush,
                              Vayots
                                Dzor (Gov.);
 
              -            
                      U.S. state: Missouri
                  (Gov.); Swiss cantons: Neuchâtel,
                  Sankt
                    Gallen, Thurgau,
                  
 
                 
              -                
                  and Uri; Sweden
                      county: Norrbotten
                      (Gov.);  OSCE
                  (Chair.), U.S. govt.:
 
              -              
                    Coast Guard
                  (Cmdt.), Lutheran
                    Church of Finland (Achbsp.)
 
               
              - 05/31/18      update to Swiss
                  canton: Genève.
 
                 
              - 05/30/18      updates to Russia
                  admin.: Altay,
                  Amur (Gov.);
                  to U.S. govt.: Veterans
                    Affairs
 
                 
              -              
                    (Secy.), INPACOM
                  (Cmdr.) 
 
                 
              - 05/29/18      updates to
                  India states: Odisha,
                  Mizoram
                  (Gov.); Russia admin.: Yamalo-Nenets,
                  
 
                 
              -                
                Tyumen
                  (Gov.); U.S. city: Phoenix (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 05/28/18      updates to Guadeloupe (Pref.),
                  Russia admin.: Sakha
                  (Pres.), Magadan
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 05/25/18      update to Barbados (PM).
 
                 
              - 05/24/18      updates to Guinea (PM), Austria
                  state: Vienna
                  (Mayor); U.S. mayor election:
 
              -              
                    Nashville, TN: Mayor C. David Briley
                  (Dem.) defeats Carol M. Swain (f)(Ind.),
 
              -              
                    Erica Gilmore (f)(Dem.), Ralph Bristol (Ind.),
                  Harold M. Love (Dem.), and Jeff
 
              -              
                    Obafemi Carr (Ind.), David Hilliard (Ind.)
                  54.5%-22.9%-5.6%-5.3%-5.3%-4.6%-0.40%
 
                 
              - 05/23/18      update
                  to India state: Karnataka
                  (PM). 
 
              - 05/22/18      update to France
                  reg.: Corse
                  (Pref.)
 
                 
              - 05/20/18      update to Montenegro (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 05/18/18      updates to
                  Russia admin.: Amur, Tyumen
                  (Gov.), Tsentralny
                  (Plenp.); Ukraine 
 
                 
              -                     
                  prov.: Khmelnytskyy
                  (Gov.), U.S. govt.: Bureau
                    of Prisons (Dir.)
 
               
              - 05/17/18      updates to 
                  French Polynesia
                  (Asmb. Pres.), India state: Karnataka
                  (PM), Spain
 
                 
              -                
                  reg.: Catalonia
                  (Pres.)
 
              - 05/15/18      update to
                  Malaysia state: Pahang
                  (PM).
 
              - 05/14/18      updates to Malaysia
                  state: Penang
                  (PM); Congo (Kinshasa)(MONUSCO);
                  U.S. 
 
                 
              -                
                  govt.: USGS (Dir.).
 
                 
              - 05/12/18      updates to Malaysia
                  states: Johor,
                  Negeri
                    Sembilan, Perak,
                  Sabah (PM).
 
                 
              - 05/11/18      updates to Malaysia
                    states: Kedah,
                    Malacca (PM);
                  Sri Lanka prov.:
 
                 
              -                
                  Uva (Gov.), South Africa
                  prov.: North
                    West (PM).
 
                   
              - 05/10/18      updates to Malaysia (PM), Malaysia
                    state: Terengganu
                    (PM),
 
              - 05/09/18      update to
                  Antigua and Barbuda: Barbuda
                  (Council Pres.)
 
                 
              - 05/08/18      updates to Armenia (PM), Costa Rica (Pres.), Sierra Leone (CM);
                  Italy reg.:
 
              -              
                    Molise
                  (Pres.), U.S. mayor elections: Newark,
                    NJ Mayor Ras Baraka (Dem.) wins
 
              -              
                    re-election over Gayle Chaneyfield Jenkins
                  (f)(Dem.), 77%-22.7%; Trenton, NJ 
 
                 
              -                
                  Paul Perez (Dem.) wins 28.7% of vote, Reed Gusciora
                  (Dem.) 20.8%, Walker 
 
                 
              -                
                  Worthy Jr. (Dem.) 18.6%, Darren "Freedom" Green (Dem.)
                  14.8%, Duncan Harrison
 
              -              
                    Jr. (Dem.) 7.9%, Alex Bethea (Dem.) 6.4%, and
                  Annette Horton-Lartigue (f)
 
              -                
                  (Dem.) 2.7% (a runoff between Perez and Gusciora will
                  be held 12 Jun 2018).
 
               
              - 05/07/18      update to U.S.
                  city: New
                    Orleans (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 05/06/18      updates to Syria (Pres. SNC), Swiss
                  canton: Glarus.
 
                 
              - 05/04/18      updates to Chad (PM), U.S. govt.: NSA (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 05/03/18      updates to Knights of Malta (SMOM)(Grand
                  Master), Canada prov.: Newfoundland
                  
 
                 
              -                
                  and
                    Labrador (Lt. gov.), Italy reg.: Friuli-Venezia
                    Giulia (Pres.)  
 
                 
              - 05/02/18      update to Niue (NZ High Com.)
 
                 
              - 05/01/18      updates to
                  Australia state: Western
                    Australia (Gov.), Switzerland cantons:
 
              -                     
                  Valais and Zürich; Israel
                  (COGAT); Colombo
                    Plan (Secy.-gen.), CE
                  (Com. of 
 
                 
              -                     
                  Human Rights), Parlatino
                  (Secy.-gen.), U.S. govt.: FTC (Chair.)
 
               
              - 04/30/18      update to Baha'i
                  (House of Justice).
 
                 
              - 04/27/18      update to Japan
                  pref.: Niigata
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 04/26/18      updates to
                  U.S. govt.: State
                    Dept. (Secy.), CIA (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 04/25/18      updates to
                Yemen (Huthi
                    Pres.), Spain reg.: Madrid
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 04/24/18      updates to
                  Canada prov.: British
                    Columbia (Lt. Gov.), Georgia: Abkhazia (PM).
 
                 
              - 04/23/18      updates to
                  Armenia (PM), U.S. govt.: NASA (Admin.)
 
                 
              - 04/21/18      update to Azerbaijan (PM).
 
                 
              - 04/20/18      updates to Kyrgyzstan (PM), Taiwan
                  city: Kaohsiung
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 04/19/18      updates to Cuba (Pres., PM), Yemen (Huthi Pres.)
 
              - 04/17/18      updates to Armenia (PM), UNASUR
                  (Pres.).
 
                 
              - 04/16/18      updates to
                  Guinea-Bissau (PM),
                  Japan pref.: Kyoto
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 04/13/18      updates to
                  Sri Lanka prov.: Central
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 04/12/18      updates to Sri Lanka
                  prov.: Central,
                  North
                    Central, North
                    Western, Sabaragamuwa,
                  
 
                 
              -                
                  Southern, Uva, Western
                  (Gov.); Commonwealth
                  (Chair.) , U.S. govt.: Mint
                  (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 04/10/18      updates to Indonesia
                    prov.: Jambi
                    (Gov.), Swiss canton: Ticino, U.S.
                  cities:
 
              -              
                    Oklahoma
                    City (Mayor), U.s. city election Long
                    Beach, CA: Mayor Robert Garcia
 
              -              
                    (Dem.) wins re-election defeating James Henry "Henk"
                  Conn (Dem.), 78.8%-21.2%.
 
               
              - 04/09/18      updates to
                  Armenia (Pres.), Indonesia
                  prov.: Papua, Sulawesi
                        Selatan (Gov.), 
 
                 
              -                
                  U.S. govt.: NSC
                  (Adv.)
 
                 
              - 04/07/18     
                  updates to Brazil states: Goiás, Sergipe
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 04/06/18      updates to
                  Brazil states: Paraná,
                Rondônia,
                Santa
                      Catarina, São Paulo
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 04/04/18      updates to Sierra Leone (Pres.),
                  Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Sarajevo
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 04/03/18      update to U.S. mayor
                election Anchorage, AK:
                  Mayor Ethan Berkowitz (Dem.) is
 
                 
              -            
                      re-elected with 55.4% of the vote,
                  Rebecca Logan (f)(Rep.) wins 37.1%, Dustin
 
              -              
                    Darden (Dem.) 1.9%, Paul Kendall (Rep.) 1.52%
                  and Tim Huit (Rep.) 1.2%   
 
                 
              - 04/02/18      updates to Ethiopia (PM), Peru (PM).
 
                 
              - 04/01/18      updates to Botswana (Pres.), San Marino
                  (Capt.-reg.),  Russia admin.: Kemerovo
 
              -              
                    (Gov.); U.S. govt.: State Dept. (Secy.)
 
              - 03/30/18      updates to Myanmar (Pres.), France:
                  Mayotte (Pref.), U.S. govt.:
                  Peace Corps 
 
                 
              -                
                  (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 03/28/18      updates
                  to China prov.: Heilongjiang
                  (Gov.), Germany state: Hamburg
                  (Mayor), 
 
                 
              -                
                  Ukraine prov.: Volyn'
                  (Gov.), Veterans
                      Admin.(Secy.) 
 
              - 03/27/18      updates to
                  Brazil state: Tocantins
                  (Gov.), South Africa prov.: Free
                    State (PM).
 
                 
              - 03/26/18      updates to Cayman Islands
                  (Gov.), St. Helena: Ascension
                  (Admin.), Italy reg.:
 
              -                     
                  Lombardia
                  (Pres.)
 
               
              - 03/23/18      updates to Mauritius (Pres.), Peru (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 03/22/18      updates to Slovakia (PM), Italy
                  reg.: Friuli-Venezia
                    Giulia (Pres.)  
 
              - 03/21/18      updates to Myanmar (Pres.), Canada
                  prov.: Saskatchewan
                  (Lt. Gov.), China prov.:
 
              -                
                  Henan, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Sichuan (Pty.
                  Secy.), India state: Odisha (Gov.)
 
               
              - 03/19/18      updates
                  to Trinidad and Tobago
                  (Pres.), Australia state: South
                    Australia (PM).
 
                 
              - 03/17/18      update to Bosnia-Hercegovina (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 03/16/18     
                  update to Germany states: Bavaria
                  (PM).
 
              - 03/14/18      updates to
                  Germany states: Bavaria
                  (PM), Hamburg
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 03/12/18      updates to Canada
                    prov.: Yukon
                    (Com.), U.S. city: Santa Fe, NM
                    (Mayor). 
 
              - 03/11/18      updates to
                  Chile (Pres.), ICCt
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 03/09/18      updates to Canada
                    prov.: Yukon
                    (Com.), India state: Tripura (PM).
 
                 
              - 03/08/18      updates to India
                  state: Nagaland
                  (PM), U.S. govt.: Forest
                    Service (Chief).
 
                 
              - 03/06/18      updates to
                  Indian state: Meghalaya
                  (PM), South Korea prov.: Chungcheongnam
                  (Gov.),
 
              -                
                Pakistan prov.: Islamabad
                      Capital Terr. (Chief Com.); U.S. cities:
                  Nashville
 
              -            
                      (Mayor), Santa Fe,
                    NM mayor election: Alan Webber (Dem.) wins 39.2%,
                  Ronald S.
 
              -              
                    Trujillo (Dem.) 24.4%, Kate I. Noble (Dem.)(f)
                  22.4%, Joseph M. Maestas (Dem.) 
 
                 
              -                
                  8%, Peter N. Ives (Dem.) 6%, after the reallocation of
                  ranked votes Webber
 
              -            
                        defeats Trujillo,
                  66.2%-33.8%
 
              - 03/05/18      updates
                    to Tokelau (Head), Cayman Islands
                  (Gov.), Poland prov.: Zachodniopomorskie
 
              -              
                    (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 03/01/18      updates to
                  Germany state: Saarland
                  (PM), ECOWAS
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 02/27/18      update to
                  South Africa prov.: Mpumalanga
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 02/18/18      updates to Wake Island (Gov.),
                  Indonesia prov.: Sulawesi
                        Tenggara (Gov.)
 
              - 02/17/18      update to Bosnia-Hercegovnia
                  canton: Tuzla
                  (PM).
 
              - 02/15/18      update to Nepal (PM).
 
                 
              - 02/14/18      updates to South Africa (Pres.),
                  Nepal: 7 Provinces (CM).
 
                 
              - 02/13/18      update to
                  U.S. mayor election: Oklahoma City,
                    OK: David Holt (Rep.) elected 
 
                 
              -              
                    defeating Taylor Neighbors (f)(Ind.), Randall
                  Smith (Dem.), 78.5%-13.2%-8.2%.
 
                 
              - 02/09/18      update to IOC:
                                                          XXIII Winter
                                                          Olympics
                                                          open (ending
                                                          25 Feb).
 
              - 02/08/18      update to U.S. govt.:
                  USTO (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 02/07/18      updates to Sint Eustatius (Lt.
                  gov.), Russia rep.: Dagestan
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 02/06/18      update to ICJ
                  (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 02/05/18      update to Russia
                    rep.: Dagestan
                    (PM)
 
                 
              - 02/04/18      update to Western Sahara (PM).
 
                 
              - 02/03/18      update to U.S.
                  govt.: Federal Reserve
                  (Chair.)
 
              - 02/02/18      updates to
                  Canada prov.: Saskatchewan
                  (Lt. Gov.), Cyprus: Northern Cyprus
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 02/01/18      updates to Montserrat (Gov.), Canada
                  prov.: Yukon
                  (Com.),  UNASUR
                    (Secy.-gen.), 
 
                 
              -              
                    Sweden counties: Norrbotten,
                  Stockholm
                  (Gov.); U.S. govt.: Mint
                  (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 01/31/18      update to Guinea-Bissau (PM),
                  U.S. state: Kansas
                  (Gov.)
 
              - 01/29/18      updates to Romania (PM), U.S. govt.: HHS (Secy.)
 
                 
              - 01/28/18      update to AU
                  (Chair.) 
 
                 
              - 01/24/18      update to U.S. govt.:
                  NPS (Dir.)
 
                 
              - 01/23/18      updates to Pitcairn (Gov.), India
                  state: Madhya
                    Pradesh (Gov.), U.S. city: 
 
                 
              -                     
                  San Francisco
                  (Mayor).
 
               
              - 01/22/18      updates to Liberia (Pres.), CE
                  (PACE Pres.)
 
                 
              - 01/21/18      update to
                  Somalia reg.: Benadir
                  (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 01/19/18      updates to Myanmar
                  reg.: Ayeyarwady
                  (PM), Nepal: 7
                      Provinces (Gov.) 
 
              - 01/18/18      updates to Congo
                      (DRC) prov.: Kasaï
                        Central, Uganda kingdom: Bunyoro-Kitara
                  (PM).
 
                 
              - 01/17/18      update to St. Pierre and Miquelon
                  (Pref.)
 
                 
              - 01/16/18      updates to Romania (PM), U.S. state: New Jersey (Gov.)
 
                 
              - 01/15/18      updates to
                  Sint Maarten (PM), Sweden
                    county: Jönköping
                    (Gov.) 
 
              - 01/14/18      update to Church
                    of Latter-day Saints (Pres.)
 
              - 01/13/18      updates to U.S.
                  state: Virginia
                  (Gov.), Pakistan prov.: Balochistan
                  (PM).
 
              - 01/12/18      update to
                  Palau state: Ngaraard
                  (Gov.)
 
              - 01/11/18      update to United
                  Kingdom: Northern
                    Ireland (Secy. State). 
 
              - 01/10/18      update to Kazakhstan
                  reg.: Zhambyl
                  (Gov.) 
 
                 
              - 01/09/18      updates to Palau
                  state: Koror
                  (Gov.), Ethiopia state: Tigray
                          (Pres.), U.S. 
 
                 
              -                
                  govt.: ABMC
                  (Chair.)
 
              - 01/08/18      updates to Barbados (Gov.-gen.), U.S.
                  city: Topeka
                  (Mayor).
 
                 
              - 01/07/18      update to
                  U.S. govt.: FAA
                  (Admin.)
 
              - 01/04/18      updates to China
                  prov.: Shaanxi
                  (Gov.), Venezuela state: Distrito
                    Capital (Gov.),
 
              -                     
                U.S. govt.: USMS
                  (Dir.)
 
              - 01/02/18      updates to Montserrat (Gov.), China
                  prov.: Fujian, Jilin (Gov.) and
                  cities 
 
                 
              -                
                  Chongqing, Tianjin (Mayor);
                  Palau state: Ngchesar
                  (Gov.); U.S. cities: Atlanta, 
 
                 
              -                
                Billings,
                  Manchester NH,
                  Minneapolis,
                  St. Paul, and Toledo (Mayors);
                  and
 
                 
              -              
                    Church
                    of Latter-day Saints (Pres.)
 
                 
              - 01/01/18      updates to Saint Lucia (Gov.-gen.),
                  Switzerland (Pres.);
                  Denmark reg.: Sjælland,
 
              -                
                  Midtjylland
                  (Chair.); France region: Corse (status); Caribbean Netherlands 
 
                 
              -                
                  (Rep.), Norway county: Trøndelag
                  (Gov.); Swiss cantons: Aargau, Fribourg,
                    
 
                   
              -            
                        Graubünden,
                    Jura, Schaffhausen,
                    Solothurn;
                    ASEAN
                    (Secy.-gen.), EAEU
                        (Chair.),
 
              -              
                    G-7
                  (Chair.), ISO
                  (Pres.), Norden
                  (Pres.), OSCE
                  (Chair.), UNICEF
                  (Exec. Dir.), 
 
                 
              -                
                  UNWTO
                  (Sec.-gen.); Mercosur
                  (Parlasur Pres.), U.S. cities: Lansing and Syracuse
 
              -            
                     (Mayors).
 
             
             
            
              
                  Additions to
                        WorldStatesmen.org in 2018  
               
              -  
 
                  
              -  10/13/18     
                                                added to Religions: Ukraine Renewal
                                                  Church (1923-42).
 
              - 06/16/18     
                                          added to Netherlands prov.: Rijnmond.
 
                                         
              - 05/30/18     
                                          added to China Foreign
                                          Colonies: Peking
                                            Legation Quarter.
 
                                         
              - 05/12/18     
                                          added to Ethiopia: British
                                            Gambela concession.
 
              - 02/17/18
                                         added Nepal
                                      Provinces.
 
                                   
             
             
                   New Polities and
                    International Organizations in 2018
            
              - 
                
                   
                   
                 
                12/15/18     
                      update to Orthodox
                        Church of Ukraine  
                     
              - 07/01/18     
                          update to Taiwan (ROC) prov.: Taiwan
                          (abolished).
 
              - 01/19/18     
                      update to Nepal: new Provinces
                      instituted.
 
                     
              - 01/01/18     
                    update to France region: Corse (becomes
                  collectivité unique). 
 
                 
              - 01/01/18      update to
                  Norway new county: Trøndelag.
 
               
               
               
               
             
                     New
                    Anthems, Flags, Constitutions and Currencies in 2018
            
              -  
 
               
              - 12/21/18     
                                        update to Argentina prov.: San
                                          Juan (flag).
 
                                       
              - 12/11/18 
                                            update to Syria:
                                            SSG
                                            (flag).
 
              - 10/03/18 
                                            update to U.S.
                                        city: Tulsa,
                                          OK (flag).
 
                                       
              - 09/28/18
                                                            
                                                            update
                                                          to Nepal
                                                          prov.: Sudurpaschim
                                                          (name).
 
              - 09/13/18
                                             update to
                                        Ethiopia reg.: Somali
                                          State (flag).
 
                                       
              - 09/11/18 
                                            update to U.S.
                                        govt.: TSA
                                        (flag).
 
                                       
              - 08/20/18 
                                            update to Venezuela
                                        (currency).
 
              - 07/10/18     
                                                          update to Sioux Falls,
                                                          SD (flag).
 
                                                           
              - 07/06/18
                                                            
                                                            update
                                                          to Nepal
                                                          prov.: Gandaki
                                                          (name).
 
              - 07/01/18     
                                        update to U.S. state: Wyoming
                                        (song).
 
                                       
              - 06/18/18     
                                        updates to Kazakhstan prov.: Shymkent (new region), Türkistan (polity name).
 
                                       
              - 06/08/18
                                                            
                                                            update
                                                          to Myanmar
                                                          state: Mon
                                                          (flag).
 
              - 06/07/18 
                                            update to Burundi
                                        (constitution).
 
                                       
              - 05/04/18  
                                           update to Chad
                                        (constitution).
 
                                       
              - 04/19/18     
                                        update to Eswatini
                                        (Swaziland) (polity name).
 
                                       
              - 02/27/18     
                                            update to Ukraine: Donetsk Republic
                                            (flag).
 
              - 02/26/18
                                                              
                                                          update to Marshall Islands (digital currency).
 
              - 02/24/18
                                             update to
                                        Nepal prov.: Kamali
                                        (name).
 
                                       
              - 02/20/18     
                                        update to Venezuela
                                        (currency).
 
              -     
                  02/07/18      update to Canada (anthem).
 
               
             
             
            
              - 
                
    International
                        Organization Membership Updates in 2018 
               
              - 12/31/18 
                                                             
                                                          Qatar
                                                          withdraws from
                                                          OPEC.
 
                                                           
              - 12/31/18 
                                                             
                                                          Israel and
                                                          U.S. withdraw
                                                          from UNESCO.
 
              - 12/28/18     
                                                          Romania the
                                                          69th member of
                                                          AIIB.
 
              - 12/14/18  
                                                            
                                                          Catalonia
                                                          admitted to
                                                          the UNPO.
 
                                                           
              - 12/07/18     
                                                          Qatar the 28th
                                                          member of UNRWA.
 
                                                           
              - 11/27/18     
                                                          Uzbekistan the
                                                          173rd member
                                                          of IOM.
 
                                                           
              - 11/26/18     
                                                          Suriname the
                                                          183rd member
                                                          of WCO.
 
                                                           
              - 11/20/18     
                                                          Kiribati
                                                          rejoins and
                                                          Vanuatu
                                                          the 194th
                                                          member of Interpol.
                                                          
 
              - 11/16/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Andorra the
                                                          186th member
                                                          of WMO.
 
                                                           
              - 10/11/18     
                                                          Kosovo, Serbia
                                                          and U.A.E.
                                                          associate
                                                          members of OIF.
 
                                                           
              - 10/04/18     
                                                          Turkmenistan
                                                          the 159th
                                                          member of IRENA.
 
              - 09/25/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Thailand the
                                                          167th member
                                                          of CTBTO.
 
              - 09/13/18
                                                            
                                                            The
                                                          Sudan the 68th
                                                          member of AIIB.
 
              - 09/06/18     
                                                          Wallis and
                                                          Futuna the 2nd
                                                          associate
                                                          member of PIF.
 
                                                           
              - 08/27/18
                                                            
                                                            Bahrain
                                                          the 67th
                                                          member of AIIB.
 
              - 08/17/18  
                                                            
                                                          Comoros the
                                                          16th member of
                                                          SADC.
 
              - 07/19/18     
                                                          Somalia the
                                                          21st member of
                                                          COMESA.
 
                                                           
              - 07/18/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Tunisia the
                                                          20th member of
                                                          COMESA.
 
                                                           
              - 07/11/18
                                                              
                                                          India the 69th
                                                          member of EBRD.
 
              - 07/05/18 
                                                             
                                                          Lithuania the
                                                          36th member of
                                                          OECD.
 
                                                           
              - 06/29/18     
                                                          Grenada, Laos,
                                                          and Palau the
                                                          170th, 171st
                                                          and 172nd 
 
                                                           
              -             
                                                            
                                                          members of the
                                                          IOM.
 
                                                           
              - 06/27/18
                                                            
                                                            Cyprus,
                                                          Madagascar the
                                                          65th and 66th
                                                          members of AIIB.
 
              - 06/22/18     
                                                          Congo
                                                          (Brazzaville)
                                                          the 15th
                                                          member of OPEC.
 
              - 06/18/18     
                                                          Costa Rica the
                                                          158th member
                                                          of IRENA.
 
              - 06/16/18
                                                              
                                                          Palestine the
                                                          193rd member
                                                          of OPCW.
 
                                                           
              - 05/24/18     
                                                          Palestine the
                                                          195th member
                                                          of UNCTAD.
 
                                                           
              - 05/23/18     
                                                          Chad the 157th
                                                          member of IRENA.
 
              - 05/19/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Ukraine
                                                          withdraws from
                                                          the CIS.
 
                                                           
              - 05/17/18     
                          Palestine the 168th member of UNIDO.
 
              - 05/14/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Nauru the
                                                          174th member
                                                          of IMO.
 
                                                           
              - 05/11/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Bulgaria the
                                                          89th member of
                                                          IHO.
 
                                                           
              - 04/30/18     
                                                          Grenada the
                                                          170th member
                                                          of IAEA.
 
                                                           
              - 04/03/18     
                                                          Samoa the 64th
                                                          member of AIIB.
 
              - 03/28/18     
                                                          Ambazonia
                                                          admitted to
                                                          the UNPO.
 
                                                           
              - 03/19/18
                                                              
                                                          Canada the
                                                          63rd member of
                                                          AIIB.
 
              - 03/16/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          British Virgin
                                                          Islands the
                                                          11th associate
                                                          of ACS.
 
                                                           
              - 03/09/18  
                                                            
                                                          Bolivia the
                                                          104th member
                                                          of IMSO.
 
                                                           
              - 03/06/18     
                                                          Vanuatu the
                                                          62nd member of
                                                          AIIB.
 
              - 03/03/18     
                                                          Paraguay the
                                                          156th member
                                                          of IRENA.
 
              - 02/25/18     
                                                          Ukraine the
                                                          155th member
                                                          of IRENA.
 
              - 02/15/18     
                                                          San Marino the
                                                          29th member of
                                                          PAM.
 
                                                           
              - 02/08/18
                                                              
                                                          The Gambia
                                                          rejoins The
                                                          Commonwealth.
 
              - 01/19/18
                                                           
                                                            
                                                          Armenia the
                                                          173rd member
                                                          of IMO.
 
                                                           
              - 01/01/18     
                                                          Dominican Rep.
                                                          membership in
                                                          IHO
                                                          restored.
 
              - 01/01/18     
                Marshall
                                                          Islands
                                                          rejoins and
                Saint Lucia, Vanuatu
                                                          join IPU.
 
             
             
             
              
                  2018
                    International & U.S. Elections
             
            
              
                
                 
                
                 
                
                 
                
                    
                          Date 
                           
                         | 
                    
                          Location 
                           
                         | 
                    
                          Election Type 
                           
                         | 
                 
                
                   7 Jan 2018 
                      | 
                  Turkish Northern  
                      Cyprus (Cyprus) 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   8 Jan 2018 
                        | 
                  Sint Maarten (Neth.) 
                       | 
                  parliament
                     
                      (delayed) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  12-13 Jan 2018 
                      | 
                  Czech Republic 
                      | 
                  president 
                    (1st round)  | 
                 
                
                  14 Jan 2018 
                        | 
                  Cambodia 
                        | 
                  senate 
                      (postponed) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  19 Jan 2018 
                        | 
                  Northern (Kurdish) 
                       Syria (Syria)(not
                        recognized by Syria) 
                        | 
                  people's assembly of 
                        federal regions 
                      (postponed) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  19 Jan 2018 
                        | 
                  Trinidad and Tobago 
                       | 
                  president 
                       (uncontested) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  26-27 Jan 2018 
                     | 
                  Czech Republic 
                      | 
                  president 
                    (2nd round) | 
                 
                
                  28 Jan 2018 
                      | 
                  Cyprus 
                     | 
                  president   | 
                 
                
                  28 Jan 2018 
                      | 
                  Finland 
                      | 
                  president  | 
                 
                
                   4 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Costa Rica 
                     | 
                  president, 
                     parliament 
                      | 
                 
                
                   4 Feb 2018 
                     | 
                  Cyprus 
                     | 
                  president (runoff) | 
                 
                
                   4 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Ecuador 
                     | 
                  referendums 
                      | 
                 
                
                   7 Feb 2018 
                       | 
                  Bangladesh 
                       | 
                  president 
                       (uncontested) | 
                 
                
                   7 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Nepal 
                     | 
                  senate 
                     | 
                 
                
                  11 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Monaco 
                      | 
                  parliament 
                      | 
                 
                
                  13 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Oklahoma City, OK 
                      (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                  15 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  South Africa 
                     | 
                  president 
                    (by parliament) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  18 Feb 2018 
                        | 
                  Bangladesh 
                        | 
                  president 
                       (by parliament) 
                      (uncontested)  
                       | 
                 
                
                  23 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Djibouti 
                      | 
                  parliament 
                      | 
                 
                
                  24 Feb 2018 
                        | 
                  Cuba 
                       | 
                  president 
                        (by parliament)  
                      (delayed) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  25 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Cambodia 
                     | 
                  senate 
                     | 
                 
                
                  26 Feb 2018 
                      | 
                  Sint Maarten (Neth.) 
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   2 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  Armenia | 
                  president 
                    (by parliament) 
                     | 
                 
                
                   3 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  Pakistan 
                     | 
                  senate 
                     | 
                 
                
                   4 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  El Salvador 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   4 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  Italy 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   4 Mar 2018 
                      | 
                  Switzerland 
                     | 
                  referendums 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Mar 2018 | 
                  Santa Fe, NM (US) 
                      | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   7 Mar 2018 
                      | 
                  Sierra Leone 
                      | 
                  president, 
                     parliament 
                      | 
                 
                
                  11 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  Colombia 
                     | 
                  parliament, senate 
                      | 
                 
                
                  11 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  Cuba 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  12 Mar 2018 
                      | 
                  Isle of Man (UK) 
                     | 
                  senate (indirect) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  13 Mar 2018 
                      | 
                  Grenada 
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  13 Mar 2018 
                      | 
                  Nepal 
                     | 
                  president  
                      (indirect) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  14 Mar 2018 
                     | 
                  San Marino 
                     | 
                  captains-regent 
                        (by parliament)  | 
                 
                
                  | 17 Mar 2018 | 
                  China 
                     | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 18 Mar 2018 | 
                  Russia 
                     | 
                  president 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 21 Mar 2018 | 
                  Antigua and Barbuda 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  | 21 Mar 2018 | 
                  The Netherlands 
                      | 
                  referendum 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 23 Mar 2018 | 
                  India 
                     | 
                  senate 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 24 Mar 2018 | 
                  Côte d'Ivoire  
                      | 
                  senate | 
                 
                
                  | 25 Mar 2018 | 
                  Cameroon 
                     | 
                  senate (indirect) | 
                 
                
                  | 25 Mar 2018 | 
                  Turkmenistan 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  | 26-28 Mar 2018 | 
                  Egypt 
                      | 
                  president | 
                 
                
                  27 Mar 2018 | 
                  Sierra Leone 
                       | 
                  president
                      (runoff) 
                      (delayed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  | 28 Mar 2018 | 
                  Myanmar 
                     | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 31 Mar 2018 | 
                  Sierra Leone  
                     | 
                  president (runoff) 
                     | 
                 
                
                   1 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Costa Rica 
                      | 
                  president (runoff) | 
                 
                
                   3 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Anchorage, AK (US) 
                      | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   8 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Hungary 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  10 Apr 2018 
                     | 
                  Long Beach, CA (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                  11 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Azerbaijan 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  15 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Guatemala 
                     | 
                  referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  15 Apr 2018 
                     | 
                  Montenegro 
                     | 
                  president 
                     | 
                 
                
                  19 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Cuba 
                     | 
                  president 
                    (by parliament) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  20 Apr 2018 
                     | 
                  Bhutan 
                     | 
                  senate | 
                 
                
                  22 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Paraguay 
                      | 
                  president, senate, parliament 
                      | 
                 
                
                  22 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  French Polynesia (France) 
                     | 
                  parliament  
                    (1st round) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  22 Apr 2018 
                       | 
                  Venezuela 
                       | 
                  president
                       
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  24 Apr 2018 
                      | 
                  Greenland 
                    (Denmark)  
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  25 Apr 2018 
                       | 
                  Faroe Islands 
                        (Denmark) 
                       | 
                  new constitution/ 
                        self-determination 
                        referendum  
                      (delayed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  28 Apr 2018 
                       | 
                  Gabon 
                       | 
                  parliament
                       
                      (delayed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                   1-3 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Palestinian  
                      Authority 
                     | 
                  national council 
                      (indirect) 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 May 2018 
                      | 
                  French Polynesia (France) 
                      | 
                  parliament  
                     (2nd round) 
                      | 
                 
                
                   6 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Lebanon 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   8 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Newark, NJ (US) 
                             | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   8 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Trenton, NJ (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   9 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Malaysia 
                     | 
                  parliament,  
                      senate | 
                 
                
                  12 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Iraq 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  12 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Timor-Leste 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  13 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Slovenia 
                     | 
                  referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  15 May 2018 
                       | 
                  Iraq 
                       | 
                  parliament 
                      (rescheduled) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  16 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Jersey (UK) 
                      | 
                   constables,  
                      deputies, senators  | 
                 
                
                  17 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Burundi 
                     | 
                  constitutional 
                      referendums 
                     | 
                 
                
                  18 May 2018 
                     | 
                  French Polynesia (France) 
                     | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  20 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Venezuela 
                     | 
                  president 
                     | 
                 
                
                  24 May 2018 
                     | 
                  Barbados 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  24 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Nashville, TN (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                  25 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Ireland 
                      | 
                  constitutional 
                     (abortion)  
                      referendum  | 
                 
                
                  27 May 2018 
                      | 
                  Colombia 
                     | 
                  president  
                     | 
                 
                
                   3 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Slovenia 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   4 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Jersey 
                      | 
                  chief minister 
                     (by parliament)  
                      | 
                 
                
                   5 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                   San Francisco,CA
                           
                          (US) | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   5 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  United Nations  
                     | 
                  Gen. Assemb. Pres.  
                     | 
                 
                
                   5 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  San José, CA (US) | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                  10 Jun 2018 
                        | 
                  Romania 
                       | 
                  referendum
                       
                      (delayed) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  10 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Switzerland 
                      | 
                  referendums 
                      | 
                 
                
                  12 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Bismarck, ND (US) 
                         | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                  12 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Trenton, NJ (US) 
                      | 
                  mayor (runoff) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  14 Jun 2018 
                     | 
                  Cook Islands 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  17 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Colombia 
                      | 
                  president (runoff) | 
                 
                
                  24 Jun 2018 
                      | 
                  Turkey 
                     | 
                  president,  
                      parliament | 
                 
                
                   1 Jul 2018 
                      | 
                  Mexico 
                      | 
                  president,  
                      congress, senate 
                      | 
                 
                
                   7 Jul 2018 
                        | 
                  Afghanistan 
                       | 
                  parliament
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  25 Jul 2018 
                     | 
                  Pakistan 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  29 Jul 2018 
                     | 
                  Cambodia 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  | 29 Jul 2018 | 
                  Mali 
                     | 
                  president | 
                 
                
                  30 Jul 2018 
                     | 
                  Comoros 
                     | 
                  constitutional 
                      referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  30 Jul 2018 
                     | 
                  Zimbabwe 
                     | 
                  president, senate, 
                      parliament 
                      | 
                 
                
                  Jul 2018 | 
                  South Sudan 
                       | 
                  president 
                      (cancelled) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  Jul 2018 | 
                  Togo 
                     | 
                  parliament
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  | 12 Aug 2018 | 
                  Mali 
                     | 
                  president (runoff) | 
                 
                
                  | 25 Aug 2018 | 
                  Eswatini  
                      (Swaziland) | 
                  parliament  
                      (1st round) | 
                 
                
                  | 28 Aug 2018 | 
                  Key West, FL (US) | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 31 Aug 2018 | 
                  Fiji 
                      | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                   1 Sep 2018 
                      | 
                  Mauritania 
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   2-3 Sep 2018 
                      | 
                  Rwanda | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   4 Sep 2018 
                      | 
                  Pakistan 
                      | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                   9 Sep 2018 
                     | 
                  Sweden 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  15 Sep 2018 
                      | 
                  Bhutan 
                     | 
                  parliament  
                      (1st round) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  17 Sep 2018 
                     | 
                  San Marino | 
                  captains-regent 
                      (by parliament) | 
                 
                
                  21 Sep 2018 
                     | 
                  Eswatini  
                      (Swaziland) | 
                  parliament 
                      (2nd round) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  23 Sep 2018 
                     | 
                  Maldives | 
                  president | 
                 
                
                  30 Sep 2018 
                      | 
                  Kurdistan Region 
                      (Iraq) 
                     | 
                  president,  
                      parliament | 
                 
                
                  30 Sep 2018 
                      | 
                  Macedonia (FYRM) 
                     | 
                  country name  
                      change referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  30 Sep 2018 
                     | 
                  Macedonia (FYRM) 
                     | 
                  EU membership 
                      referendum  
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  1 Oct 2018 | 
                  Dominica | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                   1 Oct 2018 | 
                  Iraq 
                        | 
                  president
                     
                       (by parliament) 
                    (delayed) 
                             | 
                 
                
                  |  2 Oct 2018 | 
                  Iraq 
                     | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  2 Oct 2018 | 
                  Juneau, AK (US) 
                         | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  5-6 Oct 2018 | 
                  Czech Republic 
                     | 
                  senate (1st round) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Oct 2018 | 
                  Gabon 
                     | 
                  parliament 
                      (1st round) | 
                 
                
                  |  6-7 Oct 2018 | 
                  Romania 
                     | 
                  constitutional 
                      referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  7 Oct 2018 | 
                  Bosnia and 
                      Hercegovnia 
                     | 
                  president,  
                      parliament | 
                 
                
                   7 Oct 2018 
                     | 
                  Brazil 
                     | 
                  president,  
                      parliament | 
                 
                
                   7 Oct 2018 
                      | 
                  Cameroon 
                      | 
                  president 
                      | 
                 
                
                   7 Oct 2018 
                     | 
                  Latvia 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   7 Oct 2018 
                      | 
                  Republika Srpska 
                      (Bosnia and 
                      Hercegovnia) 
                      | 
                  president | 
                 
                
                   7 Oct 2018 
                      | 
                  São Tomé and  
                      Príncipe  
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                   7 Oct 2018 
                      | 
                  Príncipe (São Tomé 
                     and Príncipe) | 
                  region assembly 
                      | 
                 
                
                  10 Oct 2018 
                      | 
                  Guernsey (UK) 
                     | 
                  referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  10 Oct 2018 
                        | 
                  Somaliland
                         
                        (Somalia) 
                       | 
                  parliament,
                        senate 
                      (rescheduled) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  | 12-13 Oct 2018 | 
                  Czech Republic 
                     | 
                  senate (2nd round) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 14 Oct 2018 | 
                  Luxembourg 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  15 Oct 2018 
                       | 
                  Afghanistan 
                        | 
                  parliament
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  | 15 Oct 2018 | 
                  Bhutan 
                     | 
                  parliament  
                      (2nd round) | 
                 
                
                  | 20-21 Oct 2018 | 
                  Afghanistan 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  | 23 Oct 2018 | 
                  Vietnam 
                     | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 25 Oct 2018 | 
                  Ethiopia 
                     | 
                  president 
                     (by parliament) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 26 Oct 2018 | 
                  Ireland 
                      | 
                  president 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 26 Oct 2018 | 
                  Ireland 
                     | 
                  constitutional 
                      (blasphemy) 
                      referendum | 
                 
                
                  | 27 Oct 2018 | 
                  Gabon 
                     | 
                  parliament  
                     (2nd round) | 
                 
                
                  | 28 Oct 2018 | 
                  Brazil 
                     | 
                  president (runoff) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 28 Oct 2018 | 
                  Georgia 
                     | 
                  president 
                     | 
                 
                
                  28 Oct 2018 | 
                  Mali 
                       | 
                  parliament
                       
                       (1st round) 
                        (delayed) 
                             | 
                 
                
                  | 30 Oct 2018 | 
                  Jerusalem (Israel) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  4 Nov 2018 | 
                  New Caledonia  
                     (France) 
                      | 
                  independence 
                     referendum  
                      | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Nov 2018 | 
                  Antigua and Barbuda 
                     | 
                  referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Nov 2018 | 
                  Grenada 
                     | 
                  referendum 
                      | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Nov 2018 | 
                  Guam (US) 
                     | 
                  governor, parliament 
                         | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 | 
                  Northern Mariana 
                        Islands (US) 
                       | 
                  governor
                       
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Nov 2018 | 
                  Virgin Islands (US) 
                     | 
                  governor,
                          parliament  | 
                 
                
                  |  6 Nov 2018 | 
                  United States 
                     | 
                  congress, senate 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Alabama (US) 
                     | 
                  governor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Alaska (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Arizona (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Arkansas (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  California (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                        | 
                  California
                        (US) 
                        | 
                  division
                        into 3 
                        states referendum 
                      (court voided) 
                        | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Colorado (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Connecticut (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Florida (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Georgia (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Hawaii (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Hawaii (US) | 
                  constitutional 
                    convention  
                      referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Idaho (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Illinois (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Iowa (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Kansas (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Maine (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Maryland (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Massachusetts (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Michigan (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Minnesota (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Nebraska (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Nevada (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  New Hampshire (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  New Mexico (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  New York (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Ohio (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Oklahoma (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Oregon (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Pennsylvania (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Rhode Island (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  South Carolina (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  South Dakota (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Tennessee (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Texas (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Vermont (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Wisconsin (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Wyoming (US) 
                     | 
                  governor | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Austin, TX (US) 
                         | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Key West, FL (US) 
                         | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                   Louisville, KY
                          (US) | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Oakland, CA (US) | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Phoenix, AZ (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                   Providence, RI
                          (US) 
                         | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Reno, NV (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Shreveport, LA
                          (US) 
                         | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Washington, DC (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor 
                     | 
                 
                
                   6 Nov 2018 | 
                  Saipan
                            (Northern 
                            Mariana Islands)(US) | 
                  mayor
                      (postponed) | 
                 
                
                   7 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Madagascar 
                     | 
                  president,  
                      parliament | 
                 
                
                  11 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Donetsk Republic 
                      (Ukraine) 
                   | 
                  president,  
                      parliament 
                     | 
                 
                
                  11 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Lugansk Republic 
                      (Ukraine) | 
                  president,  
                      parliament | 
                 
                
                  13 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Northern Mariana 
                     Islands (US) 
                      | 
                  governor 
                      | 
                 
                
                  13 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Saipan (Northern 
                            Mariana Islands)(US) | 
                  mayor 
                      | 
                 
                
                  13 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Jerusalem (Israel) 
                     | 
                  mayor (runoff) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  14 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Fiji 
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  17 Nov 2018 
                        | 
                  South West State
                        (Somalia) 
                       | 
                  president 
                       (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  18 Nov 2018 
                       | 
                  Guinea-Bissau 
                       | 
                  parliament
                       
                      (delayed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  18 Nov 2018 
                        | 
                  Mali 
                        | 
                  parliament
                       
                       (2nd round) 
                      (delayed) 
                        | 
                 
                
                  20 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Virgin Islands (US) 
                     | 
                  governor (runoff) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  24 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Bahrain 
                      | 
                  parliament  
                      (1st round) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  24 Nov 2018 
                       | 
                  Madagascar 
                       | 
                  president,
                         
                        parliament 
                      (rescheduled) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  24 Nov 2018 
                     | 
                  Republic of China 
                      (Taiwan) 
                     | 
                  referendums 
                     | 
                 
                
                  25 Nov 2018 
                        | 
                  Mali  
                       | 
                  parliament 
                      (1st round) 
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  25 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Switzerland 
                      | 
                  referendums 
                      | 
                 
                
                  28 Nov 2018 
                      | 
                  Georgia 
                      | 
                  president (runoff) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  28 Nov 2018 
                        | 
                  South West State
                        (Somalia) | 
                  president 
                       (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  Nov 2018 
                       | 
                  Chad 
                       | 
                  parliament 
                    (postponed) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  Nov 2018 
                       | 
                  Moldova 
                       | 
                  parliament 
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  |  1 Dec 2018 | 
                  Alderney  
                     (Guernsey, UK) 
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  |  1 Dec 2018 | 
                  Bahrain 
                     | 
                  parliament  
                     (2nd round) | 
                 
                
                   5 Dec 2018 | 
                  South West State
                        (Somalia) | 
                  president 
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  |  5 Dec 2018 | 
                  Switzerland 
                     | 
                  president  
                    (by parliament) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  8 Dec 2018 | 
                  Shreveport, LA (US) 
                     | 
                  mayor (runoff)  
                     | 
                 
                
                  |  9 Dec 2018 | 
                  Armenia 
                      | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  |  9 Dec 2018 | 
                  Peru 
                     | 
                  constitutional 
                     referendums | 
                 
                
                  10 Dec 2018 | 
                  Libya 
                       | 
                  president,
                         
                        parliament 
                      (postponed) 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 12 Dec 2018 | 
                  Sark  
                      (Guernsey, UK) 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  16 Dec 2018 
                       | 
                  Mali 
                       | 
                  parliament 
                      (2nd round) 
                      (postponed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  16 Dec 2018 
                     | 
                  Togo 
                     | 
                  referendum 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 19 Dec 2018 | 
                  Madagascar 
                     | 
                  president (runoff)
                     | 
                 
                
                  19 Dec 2018 
                     | 
                  South West State (Somalia) | 
                  president 
                     | 
                 
                
                  | 20 Dec 2018 | 
                  Togo 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  23 Dec 2018 | 
                  Bangladesh 
                       | 
                  parliament
                       
                      (deferred) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  23 Dec 2018 
                       | 
                  Congo (Kinshasa) 
                       | 
                  president,
                         
                        parliament
                      (delayed) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  24
                        Dec 2018 | 
                  Madagascar 
                        | 
                  president
                        (runoff) 
                      (rescheduled) 
                       | 
                 
                
                  | 29 Dec 2018 | 
                  Algeria 
                      | 
                  senate (indirect) 
                      | 
                 
                
                  | 30 Dec 2018 | 
                  Bangladesh 
                     | 
                  parliament | 
                 
                
                  | 30 Dec 2018 | 
                  Congo (Kinshasa) | 
                  president,  
                     parliament | 
                 
                
                   
                     | 
                   
                     | 
                   
                     | 
                 
                
                 
                
                 
                
                 
              
             
             
            
            
            
             
           |