2018 Updates

New Heads of State, Governors and Other Leaders in 2018

 

12/29/18      update to U.S. city: Shreveport (Mayor).

12/26/18      update to Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Sarajevo (PM).

12/25/18      updates to Taiwan (ROC) cities: Kaohsiung, Sinbei, Taichung, Tainan (Mayor).

12/24/18      update to Mexico state: Puebla (Gov.)

12/19/18      update to Somalia state: Southwestern State (Pres.)

12/18/18      updates to Bosnia-Hercegovnia: Republika Srpska (PM), Congo (Kinshas) prov.:

                     Ituri (Gov.)

12/17/18      updates to Ethiopia state: Afar (Pres.), India states: Chhattisgarh,

                Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan (CM).

12/16/18      updates to Georgia (Pres.), Sri Lanka (PM).

12/15/18      updates to India state: Mizoram (CM), Orthodox Church of Ukraine (Metrp.)

12/14/18      update to Mexico state: Puebla (Gov.)

12/13/18      update to United Kingdom: Wales (First Min.)

12/12/18      update to Cook Islands: Avarua (High chief).

12/10/18      updates to Brazil state: Roraima (Gov.), Italy reg.: Valle d'Aosta (Pres.),

                Mercosur (Parlasur Pres.), Syria: SSG (rebel PM).

12/09/18      update to Sudan state: Gedaref (Gov.)

12/08/18      update to Mexico state: Chiapas (Gov.)

12/07/18      update to Russia reg.: Sakhalin (Gov.)

12/06/18      update to Mexico state: Jalisco (Gov.)

12/05/18      update to Mexico state: Ciudad de México (Chief).

12/04/18      update to Israel: Jerusalem (Mayor).

12/03/18      updates to São Tomé and Príncipe (PM), Russia rep.: Bashkortostan (PM), U.S.

                state: Alaska (Gov.)

12/02/18      update to Ukraine: Crimea (Pres. Rep.)

12/01/18      updates to Mexico (Pres.), Mexico state: Veracruz (Gov.)

11/30/18      update to U.S.: President (1989-93), Vice President (1981-89), CIA Director

                (1976-77), RNC Chairman (1973-74), UN Ambassador (1971-73), and Congressman

                (TX-7)(1967-71), George H.W. Bush (b. 1924 - d 2018) dies.

11/29/18      updates to Australian Antarctic Terr.(Dir.), Wallis and Futuna: Tu'a (Alo) (King).

11/28/18      updates to Kosovo (KFOR Cmdr.), Ukraine prov.: Chernihiv (Gov.)

11/27/18      update to Nigeria state: Osun (Gov.)

11/24/18      update to Belarus prov.: Minsk city (Mayor).

11/23/18      update to Ukraine prov.: Chernivtsi (Gov.)

11/22/18      updates to Ukraine prov.: Luhans'k (Gov.), UNEP (Exec. Dir.)

11/20/18      updates to Bosnia-Hercegovnia (Pres.), Ukraine prov.: Cherkasy (Gov.)

11/19/18      updates to Bosnia-Hercegovnia: Republika Srpska (Pres., PM), French Southern

                Antarctic Lands (Admin.-Sup.), U.S. city: Key West, FL (Mayor).

11/17/18      update to Maldives (Pres.)

11/15/18      updates to Czech reg.: Praha (Mayor), Russia rep.: Khakassia (Pres.)

11/13/18      update to U.S. govt.: FWS (Dir.)

11/10/18      update to Ethiopia state: Gambella (Pres.)

11/09/18      update to Canada prov.: New Brunswick (PM).

11/08/18      update to Comoros: Anjouan (Admin.)

11/07/18      updates to Bhutan (PM), Russia admin.: Severo-Zapadny (Plenp.), Somalia state:

                Southwestern (Pres.), U.S. govt.: Justice Dept. (Attny.-Gen.)

11/06/18      update to Pakistan: Islamabad Capital Terr. (Chief Com.)

11/06/18      updates to United States, election results: U.S. Congress - elections to all 435

                seats of the House of Representatives, and to 35 of 100 seats in the Senate.

                In the House of Representatives - the Democratic Party take control, they win

                235 of the 435 seats, the Republicans will have 200 seats (the previous balance

                was 240 Rep. vs. 195 Dem.); In the Senate - the Republicans retain control, they

                will have 53 seats and Democrats 47 seats (incl. 2 independents who caucus with

                them), the previous balance was 51 Rep. vs. 49 Dem.;

                Party abbreviations: Dem = Democrat, Rep. = Republican, Grn. = Green Party,

                Const. = Constitution, Indep. = Independence Party, Ind. = Independent,

                Libt. = Libertarian, WFP = Working Families Party;

         Gubernatorial elections: 
         - Alabama: Gov. Kay Ivey (f)(Rep.) is elected over Mayor Walt Maddox (Dem.),

           59.5%-40.4%;
         - Alaska: Mike Dunleavy (Rep.) defeats ex-Sen. Mark Begich (Dem.), incumbent Gov.

           Bill Walker (Ind.), and Billy Toien (Libt.), 51.9%-44%-2%-1.9%;
         - Arizona: Gov. Doug Ducey (Rep.) wins re-election over David Garcia (Dem.),

           and Angel Torres (Grn.), 56.2%-41.7%-2.1%;
         - Arkansas: Gov. Asa Hutchinson (Rep.) wins re-election over Jared Henderson

           (Dem.), and Mark West (Libt.), 65.4%-31.7%-2.9%;
         - California: Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom (Dem.) defeats John Cox (Rep.), 61.3% to

           38.7%;
         - Colorado: Rep. Jared Polis (Dem.) defeats Treasurer Walker Stapleton (Rep.),

           Scott Helker (Libt.), and Bill Hammons (Unity), 51.6%-44.9%-2.5%-1%;

         - Connecticut: Ned Lamont (Dem./WFP) defeats Bob Stefanowski (Rep./Indep.), Oz

           Griebel (Ind.), Rod Hanscomb (Libt.), and Mark Stewart Greenstein (Amigo

           Const.), 49.2%-46.4%-3.9%-0.4%-0.1%;

         - Florida: Rep. Ron DeSantis (Rep.) defeats Mayor Andrew Gillum (Dem.), Darcy

           Richardson (Ref.), Kyle "KC" Gibson (Ind.), Ryan Foley (Ind.), and Bruce

           Stanley (Ind.), 49.6%-49.2%-0.6%-0.3%-0.2%-0.2%;
         - Georgia: Sec. of State Brian Kemp (Rep.) defeats Stacey Abrams (f)(Dem.), and

           Ted Metz (Libt.), 50.3%-48.7%-1%;
         - Hawaii: Gov. David Inge (Dem.) wins re-election over Andria P. Tupola (f)

           (Rep.), Jim Brewer (Grn.), and Terrence Teruya (Ind.), 62.7%-33.7%-2.6%-1%;
         - Idaho: Lt. Gov. Brad Little (Rep.) defeats Paulette Jordan (f)(Dem.), Bev

           "Angel" Boeck (f)(Libt.), and Walter Bayes (Const.), 59.8%-38.2%-1.1%-1%;
         - Illinois: J.B. Pritzker (Dem.) defeats incumbent Gov. Bruce Rauner (Rep.),

           William "Sam" McCann (Conservative), and Grayson "Kash" Jackson (Libt.),

           48.2%-37.6%-4.3%-2.4%;
         - Iowa: Gov. Kim Reynolds (f)(Rep.) wins election over Fred Hubbell (Dem.),

           Jake Porter (Libt.), and Gary Siegwarth (Clean Water), 50.4%-47.4%-1.6%-0.6%;

         - Kansas: Laura Kelly (f)(Dem.) defeats Secy. of State Kris Kobach (Rep.), Greg

           Orman (Ind.), Jeffrey Caldwell (Libt.), and Richard Kloos (Ind.), 47.8%-

           43.3%-6.5%-1.9%-0.6%;

         - Maine: Attny.-Gen. Janet Mills (f)(Dem.) defeats Shawn Moody (Rep.), and

           Treasurer Terry Hayes (f)(Ind.), 50.8%-43.2%-5.9%;
         - Maryland: Gov. Larry Hogan (Rep.) wins re-election over Ben Jealous (Dem.),

           Shawn Quinn (Libt.), and Ian Schlakman (Grn.), 56.2%-42.7%-0.6%-0.5%;
         - Massachusetts: Gov. Charlie Baker (Rep.) is re-elected over Jay Gonzalez

           (Dem.), 66.9%-33.1%;
         - Michigan: Gretchen Whitmer (f)(Dem.) defeats Attny.-Gen. Bill Schuette (Rep.),

           Bill Gelineau (Libt.), Jennifer Kurland (f)(Grn.), Todd Schleiger (U.S.

           Taxpayers), and Keith Butkovich (Natural Law), 53.2%-43.9%-1.3%-0.7%-0.6%-0.2%;

         - Minnesota: Tim Walz (Dem./DFL) defeats Jeff Johnson (Rep.), Chris Wright

           (Grassroots), and Josh Welter (Libt.), 53.8%-42.4%-2.7%-1%;
         - Nebraska: Gov. Pete Ricketts (Rep.) wins re-election over Bob Krist (Dem.),

           59.4% to 40.6%;

         - Nevada: Steve Sisolak (Dem.) defeats Attny.-Gen. Adam Laxalt (Rep.), Ryan

           Bundy (Ind.), Russell Best (Ind. American), Jared Lord (Libt.), and None

           of These Candidates, 49.4%-45.3%-1.4%-1%-0.9%-1.9%;
         - New Hampshire: Gov. Chris Sununu (Rep.) wins election over Molly Kelly (f)

           (Dem.), and Jilletta Jarvis (f)(Libt.), 52.8%-45.7%-1.4%;
         - New Mexico: Rep. Michelle Lujan Grisham (f)(Dem.) defeats Rep. Steve Pearce

           (Rep.), 57.1% to 42.9%;

         - New York: Gov. Andrew Cuomo (Dem./WFP/Indep.) wins re-election over Marc

           Molinaro (Rep./Conservative/Ref.), Howie Hawkins (Grn.), Larry Sharpe (Libt.),

           and ex-Mayor Stephanie Miner (f)(Serve America Movement, 58.9%-36.7%-1.7%-1.6%-

                1%;

         - Ohio: Attny.-Gen. Mike DeWine (Rep.) defeats Richard Cordray (Dem.), Travis

           Irvine (Libt.), and Constance Gadell-Newton (f)(Grn.), 50.7%-46.5%-1.8%-1.1%;

         - Oklahoma: Kevin Stitt (Rep.) defeats Attny.-Gen. Drew Edmondson (Dem.), and

           Chris Powell (Libt.), 54.3%-42.2%-3.4%;

         - Oregon: Gov. Kate Brown (f)(Dem.) is elected over Knute Buehler (Rep.), Patrick

           Starnes (Oregon Indep. Pty.), Nick Chen (Libt.), Aaron Auer (Const.), and

           Chris Henry (Progressive), 49.9%-43.8%-2.9%-1.5%-1.1%-0.6%;
         - Pennsylvania: Gov. Tom Wolf (Dem.) wins re-election over Scott Wagner (Rep.),

           Kenneth Krawchuk (Libt.), and Paul Glover (Grn.), 57.6%-40.8%-1%-0.6%;

         - Rhode Island: Gov. Gina Raimondo (f)(Dem.) wins re-election over Mayor Allan

           Fung (Rep.), Joseph Trillo (Ind.), William Gilbert (Moderate), Luis-Daniel

           Munoz (Ind.), and Anne Armstrong (f)(Compassion), 52.6%-37.2%-4.4%-2.7%-

           1.7%-1.1%;

         - South Carolina: Gov. Henry McMaster (Rep.) wins re-election over James E. Smith

           (Dem.), 53.9% to 45.9%;
         - South Dakota: Rep. Kristi Noem (f)(Rep.) defeats Billie Sutton (Dem.), and Kurt

           Evans (Libt.), 50.9%-47.6%-1.4%;

         - Tennessee: Bill Lee (Rep.) defeats Mayor Karl Dean (Dem.), Sherry Clark (f)

           (Libt.), Mark Wright (Ind.), Patrick Whitlock (Ind.), Yvonne Neubert (f)

           (Grn.), Heather Scott (f)(Ind.), Mark "Coonrippy" Brown (Ind.), Joe Wilmoth

           (Ind.), George B. Smith IV (Ind.), Cory King (Ind.), Tracy Tisdale (f)

           (Ind.), Justin Cornett (Ind.), Chad Riden (Ind.), and Robert Sawyers (Ind.),

           59.6%-38.5%-0.2%-0.2%-0.2%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%-0.1%;

         - Texas: Gov. Greg Abbott (Rep.) wins re-election over Sheriff Lupe Valdez (f)
           (Dem.), and Mark Trippetts (Libt.), 55.8%-42.5%-1.7%;

         - Vermont: Gov. Phil Scott (Rep.) wins re-election over Christine Hallquist (f)

           (Dem.), Trevor Barlow (Ind.), Charles Laramie (Ind.), Cris Ericson (f)(Ind.),

           Stephen Marx (Earth Justice), and Em Payton (f)(Liberty Union), 55.2%-40.3%-

                1.2%-0.8%-0.8%-0.8%-0.7%-0.7%;

         - Wisconsin: Supt. Tony Evers (Dem.) defeats incumbent Gov. Scott Walker (Rep.),

                Phillip Anderson (Libt.), Maggie Trunbull (f)(Ind.), Michael White (Grn.),

           and Arnie Enz (Wisconsin Party), 49.6%-48.4%-0.8%-0.7%-0.4%-0.1%;
         - Wyoming: Treasurer Mark Gordon (Rep.) defeats Mary Throne (f)(Dem.), Rex

           Rammell (Const.), and Lawrence Struempf (Libt.), 67.1%-27.5%-3.3%-1.5%;
         Territorial Governors: 

         - Guam: Lourdes "Lou" Leon Guerrero (f)(Dem.) wins over Raymond "Ray" Tenorio

           (Rep.), and Frank Blas Aguon Jr. (Dem.), 50.7%-26.4%-22.9%;

         - Northern Mariana Islands (postponed to 13 Nov 2018): incumbent Gov. Ralph Torres

           (Rep.) wins re-election over Juan Nekai Babuta (Ind.), 62.2% to 37.8%;

         - Virgin Islands: Albert J. Bryan, Jr. (Dem.) leads Gov. Kenneth E. Mapp (Ind.),

           Adlah "Foncie" Donastorg (Ind.), Warren Mosler (Ind.), Soraya Diase Coffelt (f)

           (Ind.), Moleto A. Smith Jr. (Dem.), and Janette Millin Young (f)(Ind.),

           37.9%-33.7%-16.4%-4.7%-4.7%-1.6%-1%; in runoff on 20 Nov 2018, Bryan defeats

           Mapp 54.7% to 45.3%;

         Mayoral elections: 

         - Austin, TX: Mayor Stephen Adler (Dem.) is re-elected over Laura Morrison (f)

                (Dem.), Gustavo "Gus" Pena (Ind.), Todd Phelps (Rep.), Travis R. Duncan (Ind.),

                Alexander Strenger (Ind.), and Alan Pease (Ind.), 59.2%-19.2%-11.2%-6.5%-2.3%-

                1%-0.7%;

         - Key West, FL (runoff): Teri Johnston (f)(Ind.) defeats Margaret Romero (f)

           (Rep.), 66%-33%;

         - Louisville, KY: Mayor Greg Fischer (Dem.) is re-elected over Angela Leet (f)

           (Rep.), Jackie Green (Ind.), and Chris Thieneman (Ind.), 61.3%-36.5%-0.7%-0.4%;
         - Oakland, CA: Mayor Libby Schaaf (f)(Dem.) is re-elected over Cat Brooks (f)

           (Ind.), Pamela Price (f)(Dem.), Saied Karamooz (Grn.), Ken Houston (Ind.), Nancy

           Sidebotham (f)(Ind.), Marchon Tatmon (Ind.), Peter Y. Liu (Rep.), Cedric A.

           Troupe (Ind.), Jesse Smith (Ind.), 57.1%-22.3%-12.3%-1.9%-1.7%-1.3%-1.3%-0.7%-

           0.7%-0.5%; 
         - Phoenix, AZ: Kate Gallego (f) (Dem.) leads Daniel Valenzuela (Dem.), Moses

           Sanchez (Rep.), and Nicholas J. Sarwark (Libt.), 43.9%-26.1%-18.8%-11.2%

           (runoff between Gallego and Valenzuela to be held on 12 Mar 2019);

         - Providence, RI: Mayor Jorge O. Elorza (Dem.) wins re-election over Dianne "Dee

           Dee" Witman (f)(Ind.), and Jeffrey E. Lemire (Ind.), 63.6%-33.1%-2.8%;

         - Shreveport, LA: Adrian Perkins (Dem.) leads incumbent Mayor Ollie Tyler (f)

           (Dem.), Jim Taliaferro (Rep.), Lee O. Savage Jr. (Rep.), Steven Jackson (Dem.),

           Tremecius Dixon (Dem.), Anna Marie Arpino (f)(Louisiana Indep.), and Jeron

           Rogers (Dem.), 28.9%-23.8%-20.5%-13.7%-11.2%-0.8%-0.6%-0.6%, in a runoff on

           8 Dec 2018 Perkins defeats Mayor Tyler 64.4% to 35.6%;
         - Washington, DC: Mayor Muriel Bowser (f)(Dem.) is re-elected over Ann C.

           Wilcox (f)(D.C. Statehood Green), Dustin "D.C." Canter (Ind.), and Martin

           Moulton (Libt.), 76.2%-9.4%-6.9%-3.4%;

              - Saipan, Northern Marianas (postponed to 13 Nov 2018): Mayor David Mudo Apatang

                (Rep.) wins re-election over Ramon Blas Camacho (Ind.), 75.6%-24.4%;

11/04/18      update to New Caledonia (referendum rejects independence).

11/03/18      update to Italy reg.: Trento (Pres.)

11/02/18      update to CSTO (Secy.-gen.)

11/01/18      update to Belgium prov.: Oost-Vlaanderen (Gov.)

10/30/18      update to Ukraine prov.: Kyyiv (Gov.)

10/29/18      updates to Cayman Islands (Gov.), Eswatini (PM), Mauritania (PM).

10/28/18      update to Parlacen (Pres.)

10/26/18      update to Sri Lanka (PM).

10/25/18      updates to Ethiopia (Pres.), Sri Lanka prov.: Northern (PM).

10/24/18      updates to Iraq (PM), Malaysia terr.: Labuan (Chair.), Russia reg.: Zabaikalskiy

                (Gov.)

10/23/18      update to Vietnam (Pres.)

10/18/18      updates to Yemen (PM), Canada prov.: Quebec (PM), Ukraine: Donetsk Rep. (PM).

10/17/18      update to Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Una-Sana (PM).

10/16/18      updates to Nigeria state: Ekiti (Gov.), Armenia prov.: Aragatsotn, Armavir,

                Syunik (Gov.)

10/15/18      updates to Andean Com.(Secy.-gen.), U.S. city: Juneau (Mayor)

10/13/18      update to Armenia prov.: Yerevan (Mayor).

10/12/18      update to Palau state: Ngarchelong (Gov.)

10/11/18      updates to Russia rep.: Bashkortostan (Pres.), Kursk (Gov.)

10/10/18      updates to Russia reg.: Ivanovo (Gov.), Sri Lanka prov.: North Western (PM).

10/08/18      updates to Russia reg.: Vladimir (Gov.), Sri Lanka prov.: Central (PM).

10/07/18      updates to Interpol (Pres.)

10/04/18      updates to Japan pref.: Okinawa (Gov.), Pakistan prov.: Balochistan (Gov.),

                     Wallis and Futuna: Tu`a (Alo) (King), Armenia prov.: Gegharkunik, Lori,

                     Vayots Dzor (Gov.)

10/03/18      updates to Russia admin.: Khakassia (Pres.), St. Petersburg (Gov.),

                Severo-Zapadny (Plenp.)

10/02/18      updates to Iraq (Pres.); Malaysia terr.: Kuala Lumpur (Mayor), Putrajaya (Pres.);

                     Russia admin.: Kurgan, Lipetsk (Gov.); Mali (UNISFA); U.S. mayor election

                     Juneau, AK: Beth Weldon (f)(Ind.) defeats Saralyn Tabachnick (f)(Dem.), Norton

                     Gregory (Ind.), and Cody Shoemaker (Ind.), 47.8%-40.4%-9.5%-2%.

10/01/18      updates to San Marino (Capt. Reg.), Indonesia prov.: Kalimantan Timur,

                Sumatera Selatan (Gov.), Mexico states: Morelos, Yucatán (Gov.), Tajikistan:

                Gorno-Badakshan (PM), IOM (Dir.-gen.), U.S. govt.: IRS (Com.)

09/30/18      update to Pakistan prov.: Gilgit-Baltistan (Gov.)

09/27/18      update to Russia reg.: Sakhalin (Gov.)

09/28/18      update to Russia admin.: Khabarovsk (Gov.)

09/26/18      updates to Mexico state: Guanajuato (Gov.), Russia admin.: Kabardino-Balkaria

                (Pres.), Astrakhan (Gov.), Primorskiy (Gov.)

09/22/18      updated to Indonesia prov.: Kalimantan Timur (Gov.), New Zealand Orthodox Church

                (Metrop.)

09/21/18      updates to Vietnam (Pres.), Indonesia prov.: Riau, Sumatera Selatan (Gov.)

09/20/18      updates to Cayman Islands (Gov.), Indonesia prov.: Kalimantan Timur (Gov.)

09/19/18      update to Indonesia prov.: Nusa Tenggara Barat (Gov.)

09/18/18      updates to Georgia: Abkhazia (PM), United Nations (Gen. Asmb. Pres.)

09/17/18      updates to Haiti (PM), Indonesia prov.: Nusa Tenggara Barat (Gov.)

09/15/18      update to Pakistan prov.: Gilgit-Baltistan (Gov.)

09/13/18      updates to Slovenia (PM), Swiss canton: Genève.

09/10/18      update to The Sudan (PM).

09/09/18      updates to Pakistan (Pres.), Russia rep.: Ingushetia (PM).

09/08/18      updates to Georgia: Abkhazia (PM), Indonesia prov.: Sumatera Utara (Gov.)

09/07/18      updates to Madagascar (Pres.), Russia Federal district: Privolzhskiy (Plenp.),

                Ukraine: Donetsk Republic (Pres., PM).

09/06/18      updates to Pakistan prov.: Balochistan (Gov.), Syria reg.: Northeast Syria (Pres).

09/05/18      updates to Eswatini (PM), Indonesia prov.: Bali, Jawa Barat, Kalimantan Barat,

                Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara (Gov.), Pakistan

                prov.: Kyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab (Gov.); U.S. govt.: U.S. Senate Senator Jon Kyl

                (R-AZ) sworn in, the Senate balance returns to 51 Rep. vs. 49 Dem.

09/01/18      updates to St Kitts: Nevis (Dep. Gov.-gen.), Sweden county: Östergötland (Gov.),

                EFTA (Secy.-gen.), United Nations (High Com. HR).

08/31/18      updates to Palestine: Jerusalem (Gov.), Ukraine: Donetsk Republic (Pres., PM).

08/30/18      update to Wallis and Futuna: Tu'a (Alo) (PM).

08/29/18      update to Indonesia prov.: Bali (Gov.)

08/28/18      update to U.S. mayor election Key West, FL: Teri Johnston (f)(Ind.), Margaret

                     Romero (f)(Rep.), George Bellenger (Ind.), Randy Becker (Ind.), Bill Foley

                     (Ind.), Sloan Bashinsky (Ind.), and Carrie Noda (f)(Ind.) win 48.8%-21.3%-

                     20.8%-6.6%-0.9%-0.8%-0.7% (runoff to be held 8 Nov 2018).

08/27/18      update to Pakistan prov.: Sindh (Gov.)

08/26/18      updates to India states: Sikkim, Uttarkhand (Gov.), U.S. govt.: U.S. Senate

                Senator John McCain (R-AZ)(b. 1936 - d. 2018) dies, Senate balance becomes

                50 Rep. vs. 49 Dem. (incl. 2 Ind. who caucus with them).

08/25/18      updates to India states: Haryana, Meghalaya, Tripura (Gov.)

08/24/18      updates to Australia (PM), Russia Federal district: Privolzhskiy (Plenp.)

08/23/18      updates to India states: Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir (Gov.)

08/22/18      updates to Ethiopia state: Somali (Pres.); Teutonic Order (Grand Master).

08/20/18      updates to Pakistan prov.: Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (Gov.), Punjab (PM).

08/19/18      update to Pakistan prov.: Balochistan (PM).

08/18/18      updates to Belarus (PM), Pakistan (PM), Pakistan prov.: Punjab (Gov.),

                Sindh (PM).

08/17/18      update to Pakistan prov.: Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (PM).

08/16/18      update to U.S. govt.: FWS (Dir.)

08/15/18      updates to Paraguay (PM), India state: Chhattisgarh (Gov.)

08/14/18      update to India state: Chhattisgarh (Gov.)

08/12/18      update to Greece: Athos (Gov.)

08/10/18      update to Italy reg.: Abruzzo (Pres.)

08/09/18      update to Bhutan (PM).

08/08/18      update to Japan pref.: Okinawa (Gov.)

08/07/18      update to China prov.: Qinghai (Gov.)

08/06/18      updates to China prov.: Jiangxi (Gov.), Ethiopia state: Somali (Pres.)

08/07/18      updates to Colombia (Pres.), Lebanon (UNIFIL).

08/03/18      updates to Pakistan prov.: Sindh (Gov.), Salvation Army (Gen.)

08/01/18      updates to New Zealand (acting PM), WZO (JAI Chair.)

07/31/18      update to ECOWAS (Chair.)

07/30/18      updates to New Caledonia (Congress Pres.), Ukraine prov.: Chernihiv (Gov.),

                U.S. govt.: Veterans Dept. (Secy.), BIA (Asst. Sec.)

07/26/18      update to Ethiopian Orthodox Church (Patr.)

07/25/18      update to OPCW (Dir.-gen.)

07/24/18      update to Ethiopia state: S.N.N.P. (Pres.)

07/23/18      update to U.S.: DNC (CEO).

07/21/18      update to Georgia: Adjaria (PM).

07/19/18      update to Congo (Kinshasa) prov.: Kongo Central (Gov.)

07/18/18      updates to COMESA (Secy.-gen.), Andean Com. (Parl. Pres.)

07/17/18      update to Ethiopia reg.: Addis Ababa (Mayor).

07/11/18      updates to Netherlands prov.: Overijssel (Com.), U.S. city: San Francisco (Mayor).

07/09/18      updates to Turkey (PM), St. Martin/St. Barthélemy (Pref.), Armenia prov.: Yerevan

                (Mayor), U.S. govt.: EPA (Admin.)

07/06/18      update to Italy reg.: Basilicata (Pres.)

07/05/18      update to Indonesia prov.: Aceh (Gov.)

07/03/18      update to Solomon Islands prov.: Western (PM).

07/02/18      updates to Wallis and Futuna: Tu'a (Alo) (PM), Mexico state: Nuevo León (Gov.),

                Congo DRC prov.: Kwango (Gov.), U.S. govt.: DEA (Dir.),

07/01/18      updates to South Korea prov.: Chungcheongnam, Gyeonggi, Gyeongsangnam,

                Gyeongsangbuk, Jeollanam (Gov.), cities Busan, Daejeon, Gwangju, Incheon, Ulsan

                (Mayor); Swiss cantons: Basel-Land, Luzern, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Schwyz;

                Taiwan (ROC) prov.: Taiwan (Gov.); U.S. city: Trenton (Mayor), U.S. govt.:

                DEA (Dir.), ICE (Dir.)

06/30/18      update to Australia: New South Wales Lord Howe Island (CEO).

06/29/18      update to Canada prov.: Ontario (PM).

06/28/18      updates to Solomon Islands prov.: Choiseul (PM), Andean Com. (Secy.-gen.)

06/27/18      update to Italy reg.: Valle d'Aosta (Pres.)

06/26/18      updates to Russian admin.: Severno-Kavkazskiy, Tsentralny, Uralskiy (Plenp.),

                Sakha (PM); U.S. city: Bismarck, ND (Mayor).

06/25/18      updates to Russia rep.: Chechnya (PM), CE (PACE Pres.)

06/22/18      updates to Timor-Leste (PM), Indonesia prov.: Sumatera Utara (Gov.), Norway county:

                Telemark (Gov.), South Africa prov.: North West (PM), Ukraine prov.: Donets'k

                (Gov.), Russia rep.: Chechnya (PM).

06/21/18      updates to New Zealand (acting PM), Cuba: Guantanamo Bay (U.S. Cmdr.)

06/20/18      updates to Georgia (PM), India state: Jammu and Kashmir (PM), Kazakhstan

                prov.: Shymkent (Akim).

06/19/18      update to Malaysia states: Selangor (PM).

06/18/18      updates to Indonesia prov.: Jawa Barat, Sumatera Utara (Gov.)

06/14/18      updates to Jordan (PM), Venezuela (VP), Greece: Athos (Protos), Canada prov.:

                Nunavut (PM), Pakistan: Islamabad Capital Terr. (Chief Com.)

06/13/18      updates to Cayman Islands (acting Gov.), Ukraine prov.: Donets'k (Gov.)

06/12/18      updates to U.S. mayor elections: Bismarck, ND: Steve Bakken (Rep.) defeats Mayor

                Mike Seminary (Ind.) and Isaac Afoakwa (Ind.), 57.9%-37.7%-4.2%;

                Trenton, NJ (runoff): Reed Gusciora (Dem.) defeats Paul Perez (Dem.) 52% to

                47.9%.

06/11/18      update to BIOT (U.S. Cmdr.)

06/08/18      updates to Pakistan prov.: Balochistan, Punjab (PM).

06/07/18      updates to Egypt (PM), Armenia prov.: Armavir, Syunik (Gov.)

06/06/18      updates to Madagascar (PM), Azerbaijan: Artsakh (PM), Pakistan prov.:

                     Kyber-Pakhtunkhwa (PM).

06/05/18      updates to U.S. govt.: FDIC (Chair.), NEA (Chair.); U.S. mayor elections:

                San Francisco, CA: London N. Breed (f)(Dem.) wins 36.7% of vote, Mark Leno

                (Dem.) 24.5%, Jane Kim (f)(Dem.) 24.2%, Angela Alioto (f)(Dem.) 6.9%, Ellen Lee

                Zhou (f)(Ind.) 3.8%, Richie Greenberg (Rep.) 2.8%, Amy Farah Weiss (f)(Ind.)

                0.67%, and Michelle Bravo (f)(Dem.) 0.36%, after the reallocation of ranked

                votes Breed defeats Leno 50.5%-49.5%; San José, CA: Mayor Sam Liccardo (Dem.)

                is re-elected defeating Steve Brown (Rep.), Quangminh Pham (Ind.), and Tyrone

                Wade (Ind.), 75.8%-14.3%-7.1%-2.8%

06/04/18      updates to Jersey (PM), Swiss canton: Bern

06/02/18      updates to Spain (PM), Spain region: Catalonia (autonomy restored), Pakistan

                prov.: Sindh (PM).

06/01/18      updates to Italy (PM), Pakistan (PM), French Southern & Antarctic Lands (Admin.),

                Armenia prov.: Ararat, Gegharkunik, Kotayk, Shirak, Tavush, Vayots Dzor (Gov.);

                U.S. state: Missouri (Gov.); Swiss cantons: Neuchâtel, Sankt Gallen, Thurgau,

                and Uri; Sweden county: Norrbotten (Gov.); OSCE (Chair.), U.S. govt.:

                Coast Guard (Cmdt.), Lutheran Church of Finland (Achbsp.)

05/31/18      update to Swiss canton: Genève.

05/30/18      updates to Russia admin.: Altay, Amur (Gov.); to U.S. govt.: Veterans Affairs

                (Secy.), INPACOM (Cmdr.)

05/29/18      updates to India states: Odisha, Mizoram (Gov.); Russia admin.: Yamalo-Nenets,

                Tyumen (Gov.); U.S. city: Phoenix (Mayor).

05/28/18      updates to Guadeloupe (Pref.), Russia admin.: Sakha (Pres.), Magadan (Gov.)

05/25/18      update to Barbados (PM).

05/24/18      updates to Guinea (PM), Austria state: Vienna (Mayor); U.S. mayor election:

                Nashville, TN: Mayor C. David Briley (Dem.) defeats Carol M. Swain (f)(Ind.),

                Erica Gilmore (f)(Dem.), Ralph Bristol (Ind.), Harold M. Love (Dem.), and Jeff

                Obafemi Carr (Ind.), David Hilliard (Ind.) 54.5%-22.9%-5.6%-5.3%-5.3%-4.6%-0.40%

05/23/18      update to India state: Karnataka (PM).

05/22/18      update to France reg.: Corse (Pref.)

05/20/18      update to Montenegro (Pres.)

05/18/18      updates to Russia admin.: Amur, Tyumen (Gov.), Tsentralny (Plenp.); Ukraine

                     prov.: Khmelnytskyy (Gov.), U.S. govt.: Bureau of Prisons (Dir.)

05/17/18      updates to French Polynesia (Asmb. Pres.), India state: Karnataka (PM), Spain

                reg.: Catalonia (Pres.)

05/15/18      update to Malaysia state: Pahang (PM).

05/14/18      updates to Malaysia state: Penang (PM); Congo (Kinshasa)(MONUSCO); U.S.

                govt.: USGS (Dir.).

05/12/18      updates to Malaysia states: Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Perak, Sabah (PM).

05/11/18      updates to Malaysia states: Kedah, Malacca (PM); Sri Lanka prov.:

                Uva (Gov.), South Africa prov.: North West (PM).

05/10/18      updates to Malaysia (PM), Malaysia state: Terengganu (PM),

05/09/18      update to Antigua and Barbuda: Barbuda (Council Pres.)

05/08/18      updates to Armenia (PM), Costa Rica (Pres.), Sierra Leone (CM); Italy reg.:

                Molise (Pres.), U.S. mayor elections: Newark, NJ Mayor Ras Baraka (Dem.) wins

                re-election over Gayle Chaneyfield Jenkins (f)(Dem.), 77%-22.7%; Trenton, NJ

                Paul Perez (Dem.) wins 28.7% of vote, Reed Gusciora (Dem.) 20.8%, Walker

                Worthy Jr. (Dem.) 18.6%, Darren "Freedom" Green (Dem.) 14.8%, Duncan Harrison

                Jr. (Dem.) 7.9%, Alex Bethea (Dem.) 6.4%, and Annette Horton-Lartigue (f)

                (Dem.) 2.7% (a runoff between Perez and Gusciora will be held 12 Jun 2018).

05/07/18      update to U.S. city: New Orleans (Mayor).

05/06/18      updates to Syria (Pres. SNC), Swiss canton: Glarus.

05/04/18      updates to Chad (PM), U.S. govt.: NSA (Dir.)

05/03/18      updates to Knights of Malta (SMOM)(Grand Master), Canada prov.: Newfoundland

                and Labrador (Lt. gov.), Italy reg.: Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Pres.) 

05/02/18      update to Niue (NZ High Com.)

05/01/18      updates to Australia state: Western Australia (Gov.), Switzerland cantons:

                     Valais and Zürich; Israel (COGAT); Colombo Plan (Secy.-gen.), CE (Com. of

                     Human Rights), Parlatino (Secy.-gen.), U.S. govt.: FTC (Chair.)

04/30/18      update to Baha'i (House of Justice).

04/27/18      update to Japan pref.: Niigata (Gov.)

04/26/18      updates to U.S. govt.: State Dept. (Secy.), CIA (Dir.)

04/25/18      updates to Yemen (Huthi Pres.), Spain reg.: Madrid (Pres.)

04/24/18      updates to Canada prov.: British Columbia (Lt. Gov.), Georgia: Abkhazia (PM).

04/23/18      updates to Armenia (PM), U.S. govt.: NASA (Admin.)

04/21/18      update to Azerbaijan (PM).

04/20/18      updates to Kyrgyzstan (PM), Taiwan city: Kaohsiung (Mayor).

04/19/18      updates to Cuba (Pres., PM), Yemen (Huthi Pres.)

04/17/18      updates to Armenia (PM), UNASUR (Pres.).

04/16/18      updates to Guinea-Bissau (PM), Japan pref.: Kyoto (Gov.)

04/13/18      updates to Sri Lanka prov.: Central (Gov.)

04/12/18      updates to Sri Lanka prov.: Central, North Central, North Western, Sabaragamuwa,

                Southern, Uva, Western (Gov.); Commonwealth (Chair.) , U.S. govt.: Mint (Dir.)

04/10/18      updates to Indonesia prov.: Jambi (Gov.), Swiss canton: Ticino, U.S. cities:

                Oklahoma City (Mayor), U.s. city election Long Beach, CA: Mayor Robert Garcia

                (Dem.) wins re-election defeating James Henry "Henk" Conn (Dem.), 78.8%-21.2%.

04/09/18      updates to Armenia (Pres.), Indonesia prov.: Papua, Sulawesi Selatan (Gov.),

                U.S. govt.: NSC (Adv.)

04/07/18      updates to Brazil states: Goiás, Sergipe (Gov.)

04/06/18      updates to Brazil states: Paraná, Rondônia, Santa Catarina, São Paulo (Gov.)

04/04/18      updates to Sierra Leone (Pres.), Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Sarajevo (PM).

04/03/18      update to U.S. mayor election Anchorage, AK: Mayor Ethan Berkowitz (Dem.) is

                re-elected with 55.4% of the vote, Rebecca Logan (f)(Rep.) wins 37.1%, Dustin

                Darden (Dem.) 1.9%, Paul Kendall (Rep.) 1.52% and Tim Huit (Rep.) 1.2%  

04/02/18      updates to Ethiopia (PM), Peru (PM).

04/01/18      updates to Botswana (Pres.), San Marino (Capt.-reg.),  Russia admin.: Kemerovo

                (Gov.); U.S. govt.: State Dept. (Secy.)

03/30/18      updates to Myanmar (Pres.), France: Mayotte (Pref.), U.S. govt.: Peace Corps

                (Dir.)

03/28/18      updates to China prov.: Heilongjiang (Gov.), Germany state: Hamburg (Mayor),

                Ukraine prov.: Volyn' (Gov.), Veterans Admin.(Secy.)

03/27/18      updates to Brazil state: Tocantins (Gov.), South Africa prov.: Free State (PM).

03/26/18      updates to Cayman Islands (Gov.), St. Helena: Ascension (Admin.), Italy reg.:

                     Lombardia (Pres.)

03/23/18      updates to Mauritius (Pres.), Peru (Pres.)

03/22/18      updates to Slovakia (PM), Italy reg.: Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Pres.) 

03/21/18      updates to Myanmar (Pres.), Canada prov.: Saskatchewan (Lt. Gov.), China prov.:

                Henan, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Sichuan (Pty. Secy.), India state: Odisha (Gov.)

03/19/18      updates to Trinidad and Tobago (Pres.), Australia state: South Australia (PM).

03/17/18      update to Bosnia-Hercegovina (Pres.)

03/16/18      update to Germany states: Bavaria (PM).

03/14/18      updates to Germany states: Bavaria (PM), Hamburg (Mayor).

03/12/18      updates to Canada prov.: Yukon (Com.), U.S. city: Santa Fe, NM (Mayor).

03/11/18      updates to Chile (Pres.), ICCt (Pres.)

03/09/18      updates to Canada prov.: Yukon (Com.), India state: Tripura (PM).

03/08/18      updates to India state: Nagaland (PM), U.S. govt.: Forest Service (Chief).

03/06/18      updates to Indian state: Meghalaya (PM), South Korea prov.: Chungcheongnam (Gov.),

                Pakistan prov.: Islamabad Capital Terr. (Chief Com.); U.S. cities: Nashville

                (Mayor), Santa Fe, NM mayor election: Alan Webber (Dem.) wins 39.2%, Ronald S.

                Trujillo (Dem.) 24.4%, Kate I. Noble (Dem.)(f) 22.4%, Joseph M. Maestas (Dem.)

                8%, Peter N. Ives (Dem.) 6%, after the reallocation of ranked votes Webber

                defeats Trujillo, 66.2%-33.8%

03/05/18      updates to Tokelau (Head), Cayman Islands (Gov.), Poland prov.: Zachodniopomorskie

                (Gov.)

03/01/18      updates to Germany state: Saarland (PM), ECOWAS (Pres.)

02/27/18      update to South Africa prov.: Mpumalanga (PM).

02/18/18      updates to Wake Island (Gov.), Indonesia prov.: Sulawesi Tenggara (Gov.)

02/17/18      update to Bosnia-Hercegovnia canton: Tuzla (PM).

02/15/18      update to Nepal (PM).

02/14/18      updates to South Africa (Pres.), Nepal: 7 Provinces (CM).

02/13/18      update to U.S. mayor election: Oklahoma City, OK: David Holt (Rep.) elected

                defeating Taylor Neighbors (f)(Ind.), Randall Smith (Dem.), 78.5%-13.2%-8.2%.

02/09/18      update to IOC: XXIII Winter Olympics open (ending 25 Feb).

02/08/18      update to U.S. govt.: USTO (Dir.)

02/07/18      updates to Sint Eustatius (Lt. gov.), Russia rep.: Dagestan (PM).

02/06/18      update to ICJ (Pres.)

02/05/18      update to Russia rep.: Dagestan (PM)

02/04/18      update to Western Sahara (PM).

02/03/18      update to U.S. govt.: Federal Reserve (Chair.)

02/02/18      updates to Canada prov.: Saskatchewan (Lt. Gov.), Cyprus: Northern Cyprus (PM).

02/01/18      updates to Montserrat (Gov.), Canada prov.: Yukon (Com.), UNASUR (Secy.-gen.),

                Sweden counties: Norrbotten, Stockholm (Gov.); U.S. govt.: Mint (Dir.)

01/31/18      update to Guinea-Bissau (PM), U.S. state: Kansas (Gov.)

01/29/18      updates to Romania (PM), U.S. govt.: HHS (Secy.)

01/28/18      update to AU (Chair.)

01/24/18      update to U.S. govt.: NPS (Dir.)

01/23/18      updates to Pitcairn (Gov.), India state: Madhya Pradesh (Gov.), U.S. city:

                     San Francisco (Mayor).

01/22/18      updates to Liberia (Pres.), CE (PACE Pres.)

01/21/18      update to Somalia reg.: Benadir (Gov.)

01/19/18      updates to Myanmar reg.: Ayeyarwady (PM), Nepal: 7 Provinces (Gov.)

01/18/18      updates to Congo (DRC) prov.: Kasaï Central, Uganda kingdom: Bunyoro-Kitara (PM).

01/17/18      update to St. Pierre and Miquelon (Pref.)

01/16/18      updates to Romania (PM), U.S. state: New Jersey (Gov.)

01/15/18      updates to Sint Maarten (PM), Sweden county: Jönköping (Gov.)

01/14/18      update to Church of Latter-day Saints (Pres.)

01/13/18      updates to U.S. state: Virginia (Gov.), Pakistan prov.: Balochistan (PM).

01/12/18      update to Palau state: Ngaraard (Gov.)

01/11/18      update to United Kingdom: Northern Ireland (Secy. State).

01/10/18      update to Kazakhstan reg.: Zhambyl (Gov.)

01/09/18      updates to Palau state: Koror (Gov.), Ethiopia state: Tigray (Pres.), U.S.

                govt.: ABMC (Chair.)

01/08/18      updates to Barbados (Gov.-gen.), U.S. city: Topeka (Mayor).

01/07/18      update to U.S. govt.: FAA (Admin.)

01/04/18      updates to China prov.: Shaanxi (Gov.), Venezuela state: Distrito Capital (Gov.),

                     U.S. govt.: USMS (Dir.)

01/02/18      updates to Montserrat (Gov.), China prov.: Fujian, Jilin (Gov.) and cities

                Chongqing, Tianjin (Mayor); Palau state: Ngchesar (Gov.); U.S. cities: Atlanta,

                Billings, Manchester NH, Minneapolis, St. Paul, and Toledo (Mayors); and

                Church of Latter-day Saints (Pres.)

01/01/18      updates to Saint Lucia (Gov.-gen.), Switzerland (Pres.); Denmark reg.: Sjælland,

                Midtjylland (Chair.); France region: Corse (status); Caribbean Netherlands

                (Rep.), Norway county: Trøndelag (Gov.); Swiss cantons: Aargau, Fribourg,

                Graubünden, Jura, Schaffhausen, Solothurn; ASEAN (Secy.-gen.), EAEU (Chair.),

                G-7 (Chair.), ISO (Pres.), Norden (Pres.), OSCE (Chair.), UNICEF (Exec. Dir.),

                UNWTO (Sec.-gen.); Mercosur (Parlasur Pres.), U.S. cities: Lansing and Syracuse

               (Mayors).

Additions to WorldStatesmen.org in 2018 

10/13/18      added to Religions: Ukraine Renewal Church (1923-42).

06/16/18      added to Netherlands prov.: Rijnmond.

05/30/18      added to China Foreign Colonies: Peking Legation Quarter.

05/12/18      added to Ethiopia: British Gambela concession.

02/17/18      added Nepal Provinces.

    New Polities and International Organizations in 2018

12/15/18      update to Orthodox Church of Ukraine

07/01/18      update to Taiwan (ROC) prov.: Taiwan (abolished).

01/19/18      update to Nepal: new Provinces instituted.

01/01/18      update to France region: Corse (becomes collectivité unique).

01/01/18      update to Norway new county: Trøndelag.

    New Anthems, Flags, Constitutions and Currencies in 2018

12/21/18      update to Argentina prov.: San Juan (flag).

12/11/18      update to Syria: SSG (flag).

10/03/18      update to Tulsa, OK (flag).

09/28/18      update to Nepal prov.: Sudurpaschim (name).

09/13/18      update to Ethiopia reg.: Somali State (flag).

09/11/18      update to U.S. govt.: TSA (flag).

08/20/18      update to Venezuela (currency).

07/06/18      update to Nepal prov.: Gandaki (name).

06/18/18      updates to Kazakhstan prov.: Shymkent (new region), Türkistan (polity name).

06/08/18      update to Myanmar state: Mon (flag).

06/07/18      update to Burundi (constitution).

05/04/18      update to Chad (constitution).

04/19/18      update to Eswatini (Swaziland) (polity name).

02/27/18      update to Ukraine: Donestk Republic (flag).

02/26/18      update to Marshall Islands (digital currency).

02/24/18      update to Nepal prov.: Kamali (name).

02/20/18      update to Venezuela (currency).

 International Organization Membership Updates in 2018

12/31/18      Qatar withdraws from OPEC.

12/31/18      Israel and U.S. withdraw from UNESCO.

12/28/18      Romania the 69th member of AIIB.

12/14/18      Catalonia admitted to the UNPO.

12/07/18      Qatar the 28th member of UNRWA.

11/27/18      Uzbekistan the 173rd member of IOM.

11/26/18      Suriname the 183rd member of WCO.

11/20/18      Kiribati rejoins and Vanuatu the 194th member of Interpol.

11/16/18      Andorra the 186th member of WMO.

10/11/18      Kosovo, Serbia and U.A.E. associate members of OIF.

10/04/18      Turkmenistan the 159th member of IRENA.

09/25/18      Thailand the 167th member of CTBTO.

09/13/18      The Sudan the 68th member of AIIB.

09/06/18      Wallis and Futuna the 2nd associate member of PIF.

08/27/18      Bahrain the 67th member of AIIB.

08/17/18      Comoros the 16th member of SADC.

07/19/18      Somalia the 21st member of COMESA.

07/18/18      Tunisia the 20th member of COMESA.

07/11/18      India the 69th member of EBRD.

07/05/18      Lithuania the 36th member of OECD.

06/29/18      Grenada, Laos, and Palau the 170th, 171st and 172nd

                members of the IOM.

06/27/18      Cyprus, Madagascar the 65th and 66th members of AIIB.

06/22/18      Congo (Brazzaville) the 15th member of OPEC.

06/18/18      Costa Rica the 158th member of IRENA.

06/16/18      Palestine the 193rd member of OPCW.

05/24/18      Palestine the 195th member of UNCTAD.

05/23/18      Chad the 157th member of IRENA.

05/19/18      Ukraine withdraws from the CIS.

05/17/18      Palestine the 168th member of UNIDO.

05/14/18      Nauru the 174th member of IMO.

05/11/18      Bulgaria the 89th member of IHO.

04/30/18      Grenada the 170th member of IAEA.

04/03/18      Samoa the 64th member of AIIB.

03/28/18      Ambazonia admitted to the UNPO.

03/19/18      Canada the 63rd member of AIIB.

03/16/18      British Virgin Islands the 11th associate of ACS.

03/09/18      Bolivia the 104th member of IMSO.

03/06/18      Vanuatu the 62nd member of AIIB.

03/03/18      Paraguay the 156th member of IRENA.

02/25/18      Ukraine the 155th member of IRENA.

02/15/18      San Marino the 29th member of PAM.

02/08/18      The Gambia rejoins The Commonwealth.

01/19/18      Armenia the 173rd member of IMO.

01/01/18      Dominican Rep. membership in IHO restored.

01/01/18      Marshall Islands rejoins and Saint Lucia, Vanuatu join IPU.